<translate> The fire makes the green sappy wood dry out, the old man said, so lay it close by the coals in the evening and it will burn well by morning.

Buri-ngku juku biral bana-jirr marral-bungal, mukul-dingkar balkan, kubu ngundu-ba wandi wujurr-ma-nya, wunkuwingku-ba ngulkurr waju-l-ma-l.

buri-ngku juku biral bana-jirr marral-bungal, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kubu ngundu-ba wandi wujurr-ma-nya, wunkuwingku-ba ngulkurr waju-l-ma-l | fire-ERG:pt wood green water-COMIT make-dry(CAUS), old-man said, coal near-LOC put evening, morning-LOC good burn-INCHO

comitative inchoative causative ergative

buri juku bana marral kubu ngundu wandil wujurr wunkuwingku

<synth> The fire makes the green sappy wood dry out, the old man said, so lay it close by the coals in the evening and it will burn well by morning.


<translate> Do not forget the old people back at the camp when you make a good catch, the old woman said, always send them the first and best of the meat.

Baluda milka-wula mukul-bama bayan-ba yundu minya ngulkurr mani-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, marri jana-nka minya nyubun ngulkurr bajaku yunga.

baluda milka-wula mukul-bama bayan-ba yundu minya ngulkurr mani-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, marri jana-nka minya nyubun ngulkurr bajaku yunga | don't forget old-person camp-LOC you meat good get-SUB, old-woman said, always 3pl-DAT meat first good very send

baluda milka-wula mukul bayan minya manil yungal nyubun

<synth> Do not forget the old people back at the camp when you make a good catch, the old woman said, always send them the first and best of the meat.


<translate> The old man said the goanna and the snake are cousins from long ago, and cast off the old and come out new and shining underneath.

Mukul-dingkar balkan: jadi jarba-jirr jawun-jawun kalbay-muny-mu, jambulu narmba nyunba, jirakal balbal julbi-ba ngalkal-ma-l.

mukul-dingkar balka-ny: jadi jarba-jirr jawun-jawun kalbay-muny-mu, jambulu narmba nyunba, jirakal balbal julbi-ba ngalkal-ma-l | old-man said: sand.goanna snake-COMIT cousin-REDUP long.ago-POSS, both whole shed(renew), new bright inside-LOC out-INCHO

jadi jarba jawun kalbay-muny ganggal nyunbay jirakal balbal julbi

<synth> The old man said the goanna and the snake are cousins from long ago, and cast off the old and come out new and shining underneath.


<translate> The red jumper ants have a bite like fire, the old woman warned, so watch where you sit and never put your dilly-bag down on their track.

Karrkil-mu baykal yala buri, mukul-jalbu balkan, wanja yundu bunda nyaji, ngunyin baluda wandi jana-mu jina-ba.

karrkil-mu baykal yala buri, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, wanja yundu bunda nyaji, ngunyin baluda wandi jana-mu jina-ba | red.jumper.ant-POSS bite like fire, old-woman said, where you sit look, dilly.bag don't put 3pl-POSS track-LOC

karrkil baykal yala buri wanja bundal ngunyin baluda jina

<synth> The red jumper ants have a bite like fire, the old woman warned, so watch where you sit and never put your dilly-bag down on their track.


<translate> I saw the young man spearing the fish in the clear pool, the old man said, standing so still and quiet on the flat rock.

Ngayu warru nyaji-n, kuyu dama-l-dama-nya bana balbal-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, janka bajaku janjanay kulji balbal-ba.

ngayu warru nyaji-n, kuyu dama-l-dama-nya bana balbal-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, janka bajaku janjanay kulji balbal-ba | 1sg young.man see-PAST, fish spear-l-REDUP-SUB water clear-LOC, old-man said, still very stand rock flat-LOC

warru nyajil kuyu dama bana balbal janka janjanay kulji

<synth> I saw the young man spearing the fish in the clear pool, the old man said, standing so still and quiet on the flat rock.


<translate> The old people sat watching the children swimming in the deep waterhole, the old man said, laughing and calling to each other in the warm afternoon sun.

Mukul-bama bunda nyaji-l-nyaji-n, karrkay-karrkay maraji-maraji-nya bana-mabi dajali-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, yajarri yirrka-nya nyubun yindu-nka wungar wumbul-ba.

mukul-bama bunda nyaji-l-nyaji-n, karrkay-karrkay maraji-maraji-nya bana-mabi dajali-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yajarri yirrka-nya nyubun yindu-nka wungar wumbul-ba | old-person sit watch-l-REDUP-PAST, child-REDUP swim-REDUP-SUB waterhole deep-LOC, old-man said, laugh call-SUB one other-DAT sun warm-LOC

mukul nyajil karrkay maraji bana-mabi dajali yajarril yirrkal wungar

<synth> The old people sat watching the children swimming in the deep waterhole, the old man said, laughing and calling to each other in the warm afternoon sun.


<translate> The old man was very tired from walking all day through the rough stony scrub, the old woman said, so he lay down to rest by the fire.

Mukul-dingkar baja-burray bajaku, jilba-jilba-nya wungar narmba madja kulji-jirr, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu wuna bundanday buri-ngka.

mukul-dingkar baja-burray bajaku, jilba-jilba-nya wungar narmba madja kulji-jirr, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu wuna bundanday buri-ngka | old-man tired very, walk-REDUP-SUB day whole scrub stone-COMIT, old-woman said, 3sg lie rest fire-LOC

mukul baja-burray jilba wungar madja kulji wunay bundanday buri

<synth> The old man was very tired from walking all day through the rough stony scrub, the old woman said, so he lay down to rest by the fire.


<translate> The girl was struck with fear from seeing the great crocodile lying still as a log at the muddy mouth of the river, the old man said, and she ran back fast.

Jalbu yararri, bilngkumu yalbay janka wuna-nya yala walmba ngandal kambal-kambal-ba nyaji-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu bila nyunba-yi wanarri.

jalbu yararri, bilngkumu yalbay janka wuna-nya yala walmba ngandal kambal-kambal-ba nyaji-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu bila nyunba-yi wanarri | girl fear, crocodile big still lie-SUB like log river.mouth mud-LOC see-SUB, old-man said, 3sg fast turn-REFL run

jalbu yararri bilngkumu janka walmba ngandal kambal-kambal nyajil wanarri

<synth> The girl was struck with fear from seeing the great crocodile lying still as a log at the muddy mouth of the river, the old man said, and she ran back fast.


<translate> Take a good strong stick when you walk through the long grass, the old man told the boy, in case a snake is lying hidden there in the shade.

Juku junkurr mani jikan kalbay-mba jilba-nya, mukul-dingkarangka karrkay-nka balkan, kunka jarba yinya-ba wuna-nya ngumbu-ngumbu-ba.

juku junkurr mani jikan kalbay-mba jilba-nya, mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay-nka balka-ny, kunka jarba yinya-ba wuna-nya ngumbu-ngumbu-ba | stick strong get grass long-LOC walk-SUB, old-man-ERG:pt child-DAT tell, in.case snake that-LOC lie-SUB shade-LOC

juku junkurr manil jikan kalbay jilba kunka jarba wunay

<synth> Take a good strong stick when you walk through the long grass, the old man told the boy, in case a snake is lying hidden there in the shade.


<translate> The father's sister loves her brother's children as if they were her own, the old woman said, and she is the one who paints them for the big dance.

Bimakay-ngku nyungu yaba-mu karrkay-karrkay kuru yala nyungu-mu, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu jana murbuy-bu bungal jurbu yalbay-nka.

bimakay-ngku nyungu yaba-mu karrkay-karrkay kuru yala nyungu-mu, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu jana murbuy-bu bungal jurbu yalbay-nka | father's.sister-ERG:pt her brother-POSS child-REDUP love like her-POSS, old-woman said, 3sg 3pl ochre-INST paint dance big-DAT

bimakay yaba karrkay kuru murbuy bungal jurbu

<synth> The father's sister loves her brother's children as if they were her own, the old woman said, and she is the one who paints them for the big dance.


<translate> The father made a small light spear for his little son, the old man said, so that the boy could practise throwing it at the soft bark of the tree.

Nganjan-angka warru-kangkal buban kalka buban bunga, mukul-dingkar balkan, karrkay dama-nka dumbul kima-ba juku-mu.

nganjan-angka warru-kangkal buban kalka buban bunga, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, karrkay dama-nka dumbul kima-ba juku-mu | father-ERG:pt son small spear small make, old-man said, child throw-PURP bark soft-LOC tree-POSS

nganjan kangkal kalka bunga karrkay dama dumbul kima

<synth> The father made a small light spear for his little son, the old man said, so that the boy could practise throwing it at the soft bark of the tree.


<translate> The two brothers hunted together every single day, the old man said — the brothers were never once apart from one another in all their lives.

Yaba-jarra jambul balbi nyubun-nyubun wungar, mukul-dingkar balkan — yaba-karra muru bundanday wula-nya narmba.

yaba-jarra jambul balbi nyubun-nyubun wungar, mukul-dingkar balka-ny — yaba-karra muru bundanday wula-nya narmba | brother-pair two hunt each day, old-man said — brother-KPL together stay die-SUB whole

<synth> The two brothers hunted together every single day, the old man said — the brothers were never once apart from one another in all their lives.


<translate> The younger sister followed her elder sister everywhere she went, the old woman said, learning the whole way of the women by watching her closely.

Jinkurr-angka babarr wanja-warra dunga, yinya-ka wundi, mukul-jalbu balkan, jalbu-mu yalaku narmba binalman nyaji-l-nyaji-nya.

jinkurr-angka babarr wanja-warra dunga, yinya-ka wundi, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jalbu-mu yalaku narmba binal-ma-ny nyaji-l-nyaji-nya | younger.sister-ERG:pt elder.sister where-DIR go, that-DAT follow, old-woman said, woman-POSS way whole learn-PAST watch-l-REDUP-SUB

jinkurr babarr dunga wundil jalbu yalaku binal nyajil

<synth> The younger sister followed her elder sister everywhere she went, the old woman said, learning the whole way of the women by watching her closely.


<translate> What are you carrying there in your dilly-bag, my granddaughter, the old woman asked, smiling warmly at the girl.

Wanyu yundu ngunyin-ba karrba, ngayku kaminjarr? mukul-jalbu-ngku nyajin, jalbu-nka janka yajarri-nya.

wanyu yundu ngunyin-ba karrba, ngayku kaminjarr? mukul-jalbu-ngku nyaji-ny, jalbu-nka janka yajarri-nya | what you dilly.bag-LOC carry, my grandchild? old-woman-ERG:pt ask, girl-DAT quietly laugh(smile)-SUB

wanyu ngunyin karrbal kaminjarr mukul jalbu yajarril

<synth> What are you carrying there in your dilly-bag, my granddaughter, the old woman asked, smiling warmly at the girl.


<translate> Who speared this big fat fish, the old man asked, holding it high, for it is the very finest catch of the whole long day.

Wanya-ngka kuyu yalbay wandul yinya daman? mukul-dingkar nyajin, wangkar-a karrba, yinya minya ngulkurr bajaku wungar narmba-mu.

wanya-ngka kuyu yalbay wandul yinya dama-n? mukul-dingkar nyaji-ny, wangkar-a karrba, yinya minya ngulkurr bajaku wungar narmba-mu | who-ERG:pt fish big fat this spear-PAST? old-man ask, up hold, this game good very day whole-POSS

wanya kuyu yalbay wandul dama mukul minya wungar

<synth> Who speared this big fat fish, the old man asked, holding it high, for it is the very finest catch of the whole long day.


<translate> The song expert taught the children the old song so they could sing it correctly.

Mala-burri-ngku karrkay-karrkay wulngku mukul binal-bungan, jana ngulkurr badi-nka.

mala-burri-ngku karrkay-karrkay wulngku mukul binal-bunga-ny, jana ngulkurr badi-nka | expert-song-ERG:pt child-REDUP song old teach-PAST, they good sing-PURP

mala-burri karrkay wulngku mukul binal-bungal jana ngulkurr badi

<synth> The song expert taught the children the old song so they could sing it correctly.


<translate> People shouted from down there because the crocodile was lying in the water, and the children ran back to the camp.

Bama badabada-mundu yirrkan, bilngkumu bana-nga wunan, karrkay-karrkay bayan-ka wanarrin.

bama badabada-mundu yirrka-ny, bilngkumu bana-nga wuna-ny, karrkay-karrkay bayan-ka wanarri-ny | person down.there-ABESS shout-PAST, crocodile water-LOC lie-PAST, child-REDUP camp-DAT run-PAST

bama badabada yirrkay bilngkumu bana wunay karrkay bayan wanarri

<synth> People shouted from down there because the crocodile was lying in the water, and the children ran back to the camp.


<translate> The child lied first but later told the whole truth to the old man.

Karrkay warmbijin ngadiku, yamba manubaja narmba mukul-dingkar-nka balkan baja.

karrkay warmbiji-ny ngadiku, yamba manubaja narmba mukul-dingkar-nka balka-ny baja | child lie-PAST first, but truth whole old-man-DAT tell-PAST again/later

karrkay warmbiji ngadiku manubaja narmba mukul-dingkar balkal baja

<synth> The child lied first but later told the whole truth to the old man.


<translate> The old man believed the boy because the boy spoke quietly and truthfully.

Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay manubaja-bungan, karrkay janka manubaja balkan.

mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay manubaja-bunga-ny, karrkay janka manubaja balka-ny | old-man-ERG:pt child believe-PAST, child quiet truth speak-PAST

mukul-dingkar karrkay manubaja-bungal janka manubaja balkal

<synth> The old man believed the boy because the boy spoke quietly and truthfully.


<translate> Mother asked the child about the fire.

ngamu karrkay-anda baya-ka babaji-ny | mother child-LOC:pt fire-DAT ask.about-PAST

<synth> Mother asked the child about the fire.


<translate> People kept eating at meat in the shade while the rain fell.

Bama minya-nga nuka-n-nuka-ji wabarr-ba, kaba daran.

bama minya-nga nuka-n-nuka-ji-y wabarr-ba, kaba dara-ny | person meat-LOC eat-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST shade-LOC, rain fall-PAST

<synth> People kept eating at meat in the shade while the rain fell.


<translate> The children kept eating at the yams after the rain.

Karrkay-karrkay wukay-mba nuka-n-nuka-ji kaba-muny.

karrkay-karrkay wukay-mba nuka-n-nuka-ji-y kaba-muny | child-REDUP yam-LOC eat-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST rain-ABL

<synth> The children kept eating at the yams after the rain.


<translate> The woman started the fire before cooking food.

Jalbu-ngku baya jakalamban, mayi waju-nyjiku.

jalbu-ngku baya jakalamba-ny, mayi waju-nyjiku | woman-ERG fire start-PAST food cook-SUCC

<synth> The woman started the fire before cooking food.


<translate> Keep the fire burning lest cold come.

baya waju-l-waju, kiway kada-nyji | fire burn-REDUP-IMP cold come-PRECAUT

<synth> Keep the fire burning lest cold come.


<translate> The old woman roasted the zamia nuts before pounding them.

Mukul-jalbu-ngku marra dindan, duda-nyjiku.

mukul-jalbu-ngku marra dinda-ny, duda-nyjiku | old-woman-ERG zamia.nut roast-PAST pound-SUCC

<synth> The old woman roasted the zamia nuts before pounding them.


<translate> Mother stirred the honey bread, and the honey bread had a good taste.

Ngamu-ngku kawar murnin, kawar nganja ngulkurr.

ngamu-ngku kawar murni-ny, kawar nganja ngulkurr | mother-ERG honey.bread stir-PAST, honey.bread taste good

<synth> Mother stirred the honey bread, and the honey bread had a good taste.


<translate> Everyone became full after the meal.

bama wubul-ku yajin-ma-ny mayi-muny | person all-EMPH full-INCH-PAST food-ABL

<synth> Everyone became full after the meal.


<translate> The rain did not come; the ground stayed dry.

kaba kari kada-ny, bubu marral wuna-ny | rain NEG come-PAST, ground dry lie-PAST

<synth> The rain did not come; the ground stayed dry.


<translate> His elder sister does not go to the river because of crocodiles.

Nyungu babarr wawubaja-nga kari dungay bilngkumu-nku.

nyungu babarr wawubaja-nga kari dunga-y bilngkumu-nku | his elder.sister river-LOC NEG go-NONPAST crocodile-DAT

nyungu babarr wawubaja kari dungay bilngkumu

<synth> His elder sister does not go to the river because of crocodiles.


yundu ngamu kari nyuya | you mother NEG blame.IMP


<translate> Do not sit down; the leg is bad.

kari bunda-y, ngarri buyun | NEG sit.IMP, leg bad

<synth> Do not sit down; the leg is bad.


juku-juku nganka-kari | tree-REDUP flower-PRIV


<translate> I go for a walk with the childless one.

ngayu jilba dunga-y kangkal-kari-ji | I walk go-NONPAST child-PRIV-COMIT

<synth> I go for a walk with the childless one.


<translate> The young man could not spear the turtle; he gave up.

nyulu warru balu dama-nka ngawuya | he young.man NEG2 spear-PURP turtle

<synth> The young man could not spear the turtle; he gave up.


<translate> The man killed a wallaby in the scrub.

dingkar-angka kadar kuni-ny madja-nga | man-ERG wallaby kill-PAST scrub-LOC

<synth> The man killed a wallaby in the scrub.


<translate> The low tide is at the reef.


karrkay ngundu jana-y | child close.by stand-NONPAST


<translate> The old woman followed from behind.

Wulbuman-angka nyunguny wukurrin kudamundu.

wulbuman-angka nyunguny wukurri-ny kudamundu | old.woman-ERG him.ACC follow-PAST behind

<synth> The old woman followed from behind.


minya ngaykunku daya | meat 1sg.DAT give.IMP


<translate> Do not pick up the egg lest you drop it.

kari diburr kulba, dara-y-mani-nyji | NEG egg lift.IMP fall-y-CAUS-PRECAUT

negation imperative precautionary causative

<synth> Do not pick up the egg lest you drop it.


nyulu wawu minya nuka-nka | he want meat eat-PURP


<translate> I dislike half-ripe mangoes on principle.

ngayu balu mayngku-ku wawumu-ku | I NEG2 mango-DAT half.ripe-DAT

<synth> I dislike half-ripe mangoes on principle.


<translate> The wild young man drank alcohol.

warru-ngku kuli-ji-ngka kamukamu nuka-ny | young.man-ERG rage-COMIT-ERG alcohol eat/drink-PAST

<synth> The wild young man drank alcohol.


yundu mayi-ka yanji-kuda | you food-DAT replete-?TEMP/EMPH


<translate> There are many leaves on the tree.

birra wubul juku-ngu | leaf many tree-LOC

<synth> There are many leaves on the tree.


<translate> He threw some onto the shore.

bubu-ngu yilba-ny kulur | land-LOC throw-PAST some/few


<translate> One half for you, one half for me.

yunu kanku, ngayku kanku | your half my half

<synth> One half for you, one half for me.


kaba ngundu kada-y | rain close come-NONPAST


<translate> I bathed in the water and then came to camp.

Ngayu bana-nga janin, bayan-ba kadan-da.

ngayu bana-nga janji-ny, bayan-ba kada-ny-da | I water-LOC bathe-PAST camp-LOC come-PAST-TEMP1

<synth> I bathed in the water and then came to camp.


<translate> There were really many clouds in the sky.

ngurrban wubul-ku jiri-nga | cloud many-EMPH1 sky-LOC

<synth> There were really many clouds in the sky.


<translate> The old man also cried for his wife.

wulman yala-rrku manyarr-anka badi-ny | old.man also-EMPH4 wife-DAT cry-PAST

<synth> The old man also cried for his wife.


<translate> The child climbs on the tree.

karrkay juku-ngu daka-l | child tree-LOC climb-NONPAST


yinya karrkay kada-ny | that child come-PAST


wanya maral kada-ny | who girl come-PAST


yubal jalbu bayan-ba bunda-y | you.two woman camp-LOC sit-NONPAST


kaya wulbuman-amu kada-ny | dog old.woman-POSS come-PAST


<translate> The child walked single file behind mother.

karrkay juru-kulbawa-ny ngamu kudamundu | child single.file.walk-PAST mother behind

<synth> The child walked single file behind mother.


<translate> The dog followed the two from behind.

kaya-ngka bulaniny kudamundu wukurri-ny | dog-ERG they.two.ACC behind follow-PAST

<synth> The dog followed the two from behind.


<translate> The boat drifted on the water.

buwun bana-nga jarmbil-jarmbil | boat water-LOC drift-REDUP


birra juku-muny dara-ny | leaves tree-ABL fall-PAST


<translate> The dog ran through the scrub.

kaya madja-burr warri-ny | dog scrub-PERL run-PAST


<translate> The man went through the scrub.

dingkar madja-burr dunga-ny | man scrub-PERL go-PAST


<translate> They went to the river to get fish.

jana wawubaja-nga dunga-ny kuyu mani-nka | they river-LOC go-PAST fish get-PURP

<synth> They went to the river to get fish.


<translate> The man carried wood from the scrub to camp.

Dingkar-angka juku madja-muny bayan-ka jarrakulban.

dingkar-angka juku madja-muny bayan-ka jarrakulba-ny | man-ERG wood scrub-ABL camp-DAT carry-PAST

<synth> The man carried wood from the scrub to camp.


<translate> The two turned back from the river.

bula wawubaja-muny nyunba-ny | they.two river-ABL turn.back-PAST

<synth> The two turned back from the river.


<translate> The woman prepared the grass.

jalbu-ngku jikan yanday-bunga-ny | woman-ERG grass ready-CAUS-PAST


ngamu-ngku mayi kurmun-ba buyandi-ny | mother-ERG food bag-LOC put.in.container-PAST


<translate> To the woman, they gave clothes.

jalbu-ndu jana kambi daji-ny | woman-LOC:pt they clothes give-PAST

<synth> To the woman, they gave clothes.


<translate> The woman cut the fish with a knife.

jalbu-ngku kuyu naybu-bu yaka-ny | woman-ERG fish knife-INST cut-PAST

<synth> The woman cut the fish with a knife.


<translate> The two young men pulled out bamboo and tied it.

bula warru-ngku nambarr kulba-ny, kaja-ny | they.two young.man-ERG bamboo pull-PAST tie-PAST

<synth> The two young men pulled out bamboo and tied it.


jana wunba wulji-ny | they honey empty.out-PAST


nyulu kulji nyaji-ny-baja | he stone see/perceive-PAST-again


jalbu-ngku mayi warrmba-bunga-ny | woman-ERG food find-CAUS-PAST


<translate> The child smelled the smell.

karrkay-ngku jila nyuma-ny | child-ERG smell smell/taste-PAST


<translate> The food smells bad; do not eat it.

mayi nganjay kari nuka | food bad.smell NEG eat.IMP

<synth> The food smells bad; do not eat it.


<translate> The dog watched the child playing in the grass.

Kaya-ngka karrkay nyaji-l-nyaji-n, jikan-ba kinka-n-kinka-nya.

kaya-ngka karrkay nyaji-l-nyaji-ny, jikan-ba kinka-n-kinka-nya | dog-ERG child watch-l-REDUP-PAST, grass-LOC play-n-REDUP-SUB

<synth> The dog watched the child playing in the grass.


<translate> The old woman watched the woman weaving a dillybag.

Mukul-jalbu-ngku jalbu nyaji-l-nyaji-n, balji wukurri-l-wukurri-nya.

mukul-jalbu-ngku jalbu nyaji-l-nyaji-ny, balji wukurri-l-wukurri-nya | old-woman-ERG woman watch-l-REDUP-PAST, dillybag weave-l-REDUP-SUB

<synth> The old woman watched the woman weaving a dillybag.


<translate> The person watched the wallaby feeding in the grass.

Bama-ngka kadar nyaji-l-nyaji-n, jikan-ba nuka-nuka-ji-nya.

bama-ngka kadar nyaji-l-nyaji-ny, jikan-ba nuka-nuka-ji-nya | person-ERG wallaby watch-l-REDUP-PAST, grass-LOC eat-REDUP-ITR-SUB

<synth> The person watched the wallaby feeding in the grass.


<translate> The woman knows how to weave a dillybag.

jalbu binal balji wukurri-nka | woman know dillybag weave-PURP

<synth> The woman knows how to weave a dillybag.


nyulu binalku dunga-nka | he remember go-PURP


<translate> The police summoned the young man to come.

buliman-angka warru kunja-ny, kada-nka | policeman-ERG young.man summon-PAST, come-PURP

<synth> The police summoned the young man to come.


<translate> The old man told the child to sit quietly.

Mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay-nka balkan, janka bunda-nka.

mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay-nka balka-ny, janka bunda-nka | old-man-ERG child-DAT tell-PAST, quiet sit-PURP

mukul-dingkar karrkay balkal janka bundal

<synth> The old man told the child to sit quietly.


yinya jalbu ngayku jawun | that woman my friend/relation


ngayku bangunji kada-ny | my cousin come-PAST


<translate> The man saw his brother-in-law.

dingkar-angka nyungu banji nyaji-ny | man-ERG his brother.in.law/sister.in.law see-PAST


<translate> The child came with the boss.

karrkay maja-nji kada-ny | child boss-COMIT come-PAST


<translate> That child's moiety is dabu.

yinya karrkay-mu mandi dabu | that child-POSS moiety dabu


<translate> The old woman said the substitute name.

mukul-jalbu-ngku ngalba balka-ny | old-woman-ERG substitute.name say-PAST

<synth> The old woman said the substitute name.


jana maja manubaja-bunga-ny | they boss believe-PAST


balu baya waju-ji-ka | NEG2/let fire burn-REF-IMP


<translate> Mother asked the child: "Who saw the fish?"

Ngamu karrkay-anda babajin: "Wanyangka kuyu nyajin?"

ngamu karrkay-anda babaji-ny: "wanyangka kuyu nyaji-ny" | mother child-LOC ask-PAST: "who.ERG fish see-PAST"

<synth> Mother asked the child: "Who saw the fish?"


<translate> The child cried out to mother: "Mother, come!"

Karrkay ngamu-ndu yirrkan: "Ngamu, kada-y!"

karrkay ngamu-ndu yirrka-ny: "ngamu kada-y" | child mother-LOC cry.out-PAST: "mother come-IMP"

<synth> The child cried out to mother: "Mother, come!"


<translate> The sick child is lying in the house.

karrkay bambay bayan-ba wuna-na-y | child sick house-LOC lie-REDUP-NONPAST

<synth> The sick child is lying in the house.


<translate> Bangkan root is a remedy for a sore.

bangkan baji-ka kalbal | bangkan.root sore-DAT remedy

<synth> Bangkan root is a remedy for a sore.


<translate> Grandmother healed the child.

babi-ngka karrkay kakawarri-bunga-ny | grandmother-ERG child well/healed-CAUS-PAST


karrkay kakawarri-ma-ny | child well/healed-INCHO-PAST


<translate> The stinging tree burnt the child.

karrkay mili-bu waju-ny | child stinging.tree-ERG/INST burn-PAST

<synth> The stinging tree burnt the child.


mukul-dingkar muku kaka | old-man back sore


<translate> I squeeze fruit like this with my hand.

ngayu mayi yala-ku dingka-l mara-bu | I fruit this-ADV squeeze-NONPAST hand-INST

<synth> I squeeze fruit like this with my hand.


<translate> The child was burnt by a jellyfish.

karrkay mili-nga waju-ji-ny | child jellyfish-LOC burn-ITR-PAST

<synth> The child was burnt by a jellyfish.


yinya mayi nganja-burra | that food bad.taste


dingkar-angka kalka jirakal mani-ny | man-ERG spear new get-PAST


<translate> The flower is rather beautiful.

nganka jarra-ngulkurrijin | flower rather-beautiful


<translate> I did not quite hit the tree with the stone.

ngayu juku kulji-bu nguyarr kuni-ny | I tree stone-INST not.quite hit-PAST

<synth> I did not quite hit the tree with the stone.


<translate> As a young man I stayed by the sea.

ngayu warru-ku jalun-bu bundanda-ny | I young.man-ADV sea-LOC stay.REDUP-PAST

<synth> As a young man I stayed by the sea.


ngayu bayan kida-l | I camp sweep-NONPAST


kaban yinyay-anda daya | paper that-LOC:pt give.IMP


kalka yalu-mbu jirakal | spear this-POSS new


<translate> Those people are seaside people.

yinya-rriny jalun-ji-warra | those.people sea-COMIT-inhabitant

<synth> Those people are seaside people.


<translate> The shell on the zamia nut is very hard.

dumbul marra-nga dandi-bajaku | shell/hard.covering zamia.nut-LOC hard-very

<synth> The shell on the zamia nut is very hard.


ngayu binainyji nyaji-ny | I fig.like.fruit see-PAST


<translate> Many junjun fruits are there.

junjun mayi wubul yinyay | junjun.wild.fruit fruit many there


<translate> Grandmother poured water into the bark container.

babi-ngka bana nyangarri-ny dubal-ba | grandmother-ERG water pour-PAST bark.container-LOC

<synth> Grandmother poured water into the bark container.


<translate> Water is there in the bark container.

bana dubal-ba yinyay | water bark.container-LOC there

<synth> Water is there in the bark container.


<translate> The ti-tree bark lay at the shelter.

wanjakan dubal bayan-ba wuna-ny | ti.tree bark shelter-LOC lie-PAST

<synth> The ti-tree bark lay at the shelter.


ngayu babajaka nyaji-ny | I bloodwood.tree see-PAST


<translate> The Moreton Bay fig stands there.

baril-baril yinyay jana-y | Moreton.Bay.fig there stand-NONPAST

<synth> The Moreton Bay fig stands there.


<translate> That shell on the zamia nut is hard.

yinya dumbul marra-nga dandi | that shell/hard.covering zamia.nut-LOC hard

<synth> That shell on the zamia nut is hard.


yinya juku birra-ji | that tree leaf-COMIT


<translate> Maybe we will stay at the camp.

nguba ngana bayan-ba bundanda-y | maybe we.INC camp-LOC sit/stay-NONPAST


<translate> The man could not spear the fish; he gave up.

dingkar balu dama-nka kuyu | man NEG2 spear-PURP fish

<synth> The man could not spear the fish; he gave up.


<translate> The man wants to make a spear, but the wood broke.

Dingkar wawu kalka balka-nka, kari juku dumbarrin.

dingkar wawu kalka balka-nka, kari juku dumbarri-ny | man want spear make-PURP but wood break-PAST

dingkar wawu kalka balkal kari juku dumbarri

<synth> The man wants to make a spear, but the wood broke.


<translate> The tree is small, but it is hard.

juku buban, yamba dandi | tree small but hard

<synth> The tree is small, but it is hard.


<translate> I will cook food if the children are hungry.

Ngayu mayi wajul, kaki karrkay-karrkay dakuy.

ngayu mayi waju-l, kaki karrkay-karrkay dakuy | I food cook-NONPAST if children hungry

<synth> I will cook food if the children are hungry.


<translate> I thought you were going to the water, but you are staying at the camp.

Balu yundu bana-ka dungay, kari yundu bayan-ba bundanday.

balu yundu bana-ka dunga-y, kari yundu bayan-ba bundanda-y | wrong you water-DAT go-NONPAST but you camp-LOC stay-NONPAST

balu yundu bana dungay kari bayan bundanday

<synth> I thought you were going to the water, but you are staying at the camp.


<translate> If the child is hungry, grandmother will cook food.

Kaki karrkay dakuy, babi-ngka mayi wajul.

kaki karrkay dakuy, babi-ngka mayi waju-l | if child hungry grandmother-ERG food cook-NONPAST

<synth> If the child is hungry, grandmother will cook food.


<translate> I cook food in case I get hungry.

Ngayu mayi wajul, kunka ngayu dakuy-ma-nya-mun-ku.

ngayu mayi waju-l, kunka ngayu dakuy-ma-nya-mun-ku | I food cook-NONPAST in.case I hungry-INCHO-SUB-mun-DAT

<synth> I cook food in case I get hungry.


<translate> If grandfather is sick, he takes medicinal root for the road.

Kaki ngaji bambay, nyulu bangkan wundil baral-ka.

kaki ngaji bambay, nyulu bangkan wundi-l baral-ka | if grandfather sick he medicinal.root take-NONPAST road-DAT

kaki ngaji bambay nyulu bangkan wundil baral

<synth> If grandfather is sick, he takes medicinal root for the road.


<translate> No, the child is not hungry; he is tired.

Kari, karrkay kari dakuy, nyulu bajaburray.

kari, karrkay kari dakuy, nyulu bajaburray | no child NEG hungry he tired

<synth> No, the child is not hungry; he is tired.


<translate> If I have no cold, I am well.

kaki ngayu ngiki-kari, ngayu ngulkurr | if I cold-PRIV I good


<translate> If the fish do not bite, I leave the fishing line.

Kaki kuyu-ngku kari baykal, ngayu badur bawal.

kaki kuyu-ngku kari bayka-l, ngayu badur bawa-l | if fish-ERG NEG bite-NONPAST I fishing.line leave-NONPAST

<synth> If the fish do not bite, I leave the fishing line.


<translate> Perhaps a pig will come to the water; take a spear.

Nguba bikibiki bana-ka kaday, yundu kalka wundi.

nguba bikibiki bana-ka kada-y, yundu kalka wundi | perhaps pig water-DAT come-NONPAST you spear take.IMP

nguba bikibiki bana kaday yundu kalka wundil

<synth> Perhaps a pig will come to the water; take a spear.


<translate> If the house is bad, I sweep the ground and clean it.

Kaki bayan buyun, ngayu bubu kidal, dayirr-bungal.

kaki bayan buyun, ngayu bubu kida-l, dayirr-bunga-l | if house bad I ground sweep-NONPAST clean-CAUS-NONPAST

kaki bayan buyun ngayu bubu kidal dayirr-bungal

<synth> If the house is bad, I sweep the ground and clean it.


<translate> If the sun is hot, take water for the road.

Kaki wungar wumbul, bana wundi baral-ka.

kaki wungar wumbul, bana wundi baral-ka | if sun hot water take.IMP road-DAT

<synth> If the sun is hot, take water for the road.


<translate> He does not bathe in deep water lest he drown.

Nyulu kari janji-l bana bada-nga, bujil-janji-nyji.

nyulu kari janji-l bana bada-nga, bujil-janji-nyji | he NEG bathe-NONPAST water deep-LOC nose-bathe-PRECAUT

nyulu kari janji-l bana bada bujil-janji-nyji

<synth> He does not bathe in deep water lest he drown.


<translate> Close the house lest rain enter.

bayan nanda, kaba wala-nyji | house close.IMP rain enter-PRECAUT

<synth> Close the house lest rain enter.


<translate> I sweep the ground before a friend comes.

ngayu bubu kida-l, jawun kada-nyjiku | I ground sweep-NONPAST friend come-SUCC

<synth> I sweep the ground before a friend comes.


<translate> They ate food before father woke up.

jana mayi nuka-ny, nganjan wandi-nyjiku | they food eat-PAST father wake.up-SUCC

<synth> They ate food before father woke up.


wawu-yinya-muny, bana wundi | TEMP4-that-ABL water take.IMP


<translate> The woman caught the dog after the barking.

Jalbu-ngku kaya karrban, wawu-ngangkurr-muny.

jalbu-ngku kaya karrba-ny, wawu-ngangkurr-muny | woman-ERG dog grab-PAST TEMP4-barking.noise-ABL

<synth> The woman caught the dog after the barking.


<translate> After the meal, the old people sang a song.

Wawu-mayi-muny, mukul-bama wulngku badin.

wawu-mayi-muny, mukul-bama wulngku badi-ny | TEMP4-food-ABL old-people song sing-PAST

<synth> After the meal, the old people sang a song.


<translate> In the cold season, fire is good.

bulur-iji baya ngulkurr | cold.season fire good

<synth> In the cold season, fire is good.


<translate> Mother sent news to the old people.

ngamu-ngku kuku mukul-bama-nka yunga-ny | mother-ERG news old-people-DAT send-PAST

<synth> Mother sent news to the old people.


<translate> Rain came, and we turned back.

kaba kada-ny, ngana nyunba-ny | rain come-PAST we turn.back-PAST


<translate> In the late afternoon mother closed the house.

yilay-yilay ngamu-ngku bayan nanda-ny | late.afternoon mother-ERG house close-PAST

<synth> In the late afternoon mother closed the house.


<translate> Father rested near the fire.

nganjan baya ngundu-ba wunana-ny | father fire close-LOC lie.REDUP-PAST


<translate> The friend came from the house and turned back.

jawun bayan-muny kada-ny, nyunba-ny | friend house-ABL come-PAST turn.back-PAST

<synth> The friend came from the house and turned back.


<translate> The man made a spear from wood.

dingkar-angka kalka balka-ny juku-muny | man-ERG spear make-PAST wood-ABL


<translate> I saw grandmother near the fire.

ngayu babi nyaji-ny baya ngundu-ba | I grandmother see-PAST fire near-LOC

<synth> I saw grandmother near the fire.


<translate> In the late afternoon, rain stopped.

yilay-yilay kaba wula-ny | late.afternoon rain stop/die-PAST

<synth> In the late afternoon, rain stopped.


<translate> Grandmother gave water to the child.

babi-ngka bana daji-ny karrkay-anda | grandmother-ERG water give-PAST child-LOC:pt

<synth> Grandmother gave water to the child.


<translate> The snake is lying under the tree.

jarba badabada juku-ngu wuna-n-wuna-y | snake underneath tree-LOC lie-n-REDUP-NONPAST

<synth> The snake is lying under the tree.


<translate> The girl asked mother about the bag.

maral ngamu-ndu balji-ka babaji-ny | girl mother-LOC:pt bag-DAT ask-PAST

<synth> The girl asked mother about the bag.


<translate> They brought food from the house.

jana mayi bayan-muny wundi-ny | they food house-ABL bring-PAST

<synth> They brought food from the house.


<translate> Grandmother laughed at father.

babi nganjan-anka yajarri-ny | grandmother father-DAT:pt laugh-PAST


karrkay-ngku kulji mani-ny yinyay-mba | child-ERG rock get-PAST there-LOC


<translate> Tomorrow wind will come from the mountain.

wunkuny muyar manjal-muny kada-y | tomorrow wind mountain-ABL come-NONPAST

<synth> Tomorrow wind will come from the mountain.


<translate> Mother and father were sleeping.

ngamu nganjan wuna-n-wuna-ny | mother father lie-n-REDUP-PAST

<synth> Mother and father were sleeping.


<translate> The old woman went to camp at night.

wulbuman wujurr-bu bayan-ba dunga-ny | old.woman night-LOC camp-LOC go-PAST

<synth> The old woman went to camp at night.


<translate> The old woman went with a stick.

wulbuman juku-ji dunga-ny | old.woman stick-COMIT go-PAST

<synth> The old woman went with a stick.


<translate> He came from the girl's elder brother's house.

Nyulu kadan maral-andamun-muny yaba-ndamun-muny bayan-muny.

nyulu kada-ny maral-andamun-muny yaba-ndamun-muny bayan-muny | he come-PAST girl-POSS-ABL elder.brother-POSS-ABL house-ABL

<synth> He came from the girl's elder brother's house.


ngamu baral-ba kada-ny | mother road-LOC come-PAST


<translate> Mother took clothes to camp.

ngamu-ngku kambi bayan-ka wundi-ny | mother-ERG clothes camp-DAT take-PAST


<translate> The child took the stone from the river.

Karrkay-ngku kulji wawubaja-muny wundin.

karrkay-ngku kulji wawubaja-muny wundi-ny | child-ERG stone river-ABL take-PAST

<synth> The child took the stone from the river.


<translate> The friend laughed at the child.

jawun karrkay-anka yajarri-ny | friend child-DAT:pt laugh-PAST

<synth> The friend laughed at the child.


dawar wujurr-bu yinyay | star night-LOC there


<translate> Grandmother went to the sea with a friend.

babi jawun-unji jalun-bu dunga-ny | grandmother friend-COMIT:pt sea-LOC go-PAST

<synth> Grandmother went to the sea with a friend.


<translate> The child went to the road with father.

karrkay nganjan-anji baral-ba dunga-ny | child father-COMIT:pt road-LOC go-PAST

<synth> The child went to the road with father.


<translate> The baby came from the house.

ngawa bayan-muny kada-ny | baby house-ABL come-PAST


<translate> Father ate meat in the grass.

nganjan-angka minya jikan-ba nuka-ny | father-ERG meat grass-LOC eat-PAST


<translate> Grandmother heard a song from the sea.

babi-ngka wulngku jalun-muny nyaji-ny | grandmother-ERG song sea-ABL hear-PAST

<synth> Grandmother heard a song from the sea.


ngayu kija wujurr-bu nyaji-ny | I moon night-LOC see-PAST


<translate> The old man stayed at the sea.

wulman jalun-bu bundanda-ny | old.man sea-LOC stay-PAST


makarr ngalkal-ba wuna-ny | fish.net outside-LOC lie-PAST


<translate> The woman put the rope on the ground.

jalbu-ngku karra bubu-ngu yijarri-ny | woman-ERG rope ground-LOC put-PAST

<synth> The woman put the rope on the ground.


ngana mayngku bayan-ka wundi-ny | we mango camp-DAT take-PAST


<translate> The child saw the pig in the grass.

karrkay-ngku bikibiki jikan-ba nyaji-ny | child-ERG pig grass-LOC see-PAST

<synth> The child saw the pig in the grass.


<translate> Grandmother went to the road with a friend.

babi jawun-unji baral-ba dunga-ny | grandmother friend-COMIT:pt road-LOC go-PAST

<synth> Grandmother went to the road with a friend.


<translate> The young man took mother's clothes from the house.

Warru-ngku kambi ngamu-ngu bayan-muny wundin.

warru-ngku kambi ngamu-ngu bayan-muny wundi-ny | young.man-ERG clothes mother-POSS.ABS house-ABL take-PAST

<synth> The young man took mother's clothes from the house.


<translate> The pig came from the house.

bikibiki bayan-muny kada-ny | pig house-ABL come-PAST


<translate> The child put the fish net on the road.

karrkay-ngku makarr baral-ba yijarri-ny | child-ERG fish.net road-LOC put-PAST

<synth> The child put the fish net on the road.


<translate> The young man brought news from the sea.

warru-ngku kuku jalun-muny wundi-ny | young.man-ERG news sea-ABL bring-PAST

<synth> The young man brought news from the sea.


<translate> The young man saw bark in the grass.

warru-ngku dumbul jikan-ba nyaji-ny | young.man-ERG bark grass-LOC see-PAST

<synth> The young man saw bark in the grass.


<translate> The old man laughed at grandfather.

wulman kami-nda yajarri-ny | old.man grandfather-DAT:pt laugh-PAST

<synth> The old man laughed at grandfather.


<translate> The woman left the meat in the shade.

jalbu-ngku minya wabarr-ba bawa-ny | woman-ERG meat shade-LOC leave-PAST

<synth> The woman left the meat in the shade.


ngayu naybu balji-nga nyaji-ny | I knife bag-LOC see-PAST


ngayu dawar ngalkal-ba nyaji-ny | I star outside-LOC see-PAST


<translate> Grandmother saw the boomerang on the ground.

babi-ngka wangal bubu-ngu nyaji-ny | grandmother-ERG boomerang ground-LOC see-PAST

<synth> Grandmother saw the boomerang on the ground.


ngana dawar ngalkal-ba nyaji-ny | we star outside-LOC see-PAST


maral ngamu-ndu yajarri-ny | girl mother-DAT:pt laugh-PAST


<translate> The young man went to the sea with a friend.

warru jawun-unji jalun-bu dunga-ny | young.man friend-COMIT:pt sea-LOC go-PAST

<synth> The young man went to the sea with a friend.


<translate> I brought the axe from the house.

ngayu warrbi bayan-muny wundi-ny | I axe house-ABL bring-PAST

<synth> I brought the axe from the house.


jarba ngalkal-ba wuna-ny | snake outside-LOC lie-PAST


<translate> Mother put the grass in the bag.

ngamu-ngku jikan balji-nga yijarri-ny | mother-ERG grass bag-LOC put-PAST

<synth> Mother put the grass in the bag.


<translate> The young man took water to camp.

warru-ngku bana bayan-ka wundi-ny | young.man-ERG water camp-DAT take-PAST

<synth> The young man took water to camp.


<translate> The friend asked the girl about meat.

jawun maral-anda minya-ka babaji-ny | friend girl-LOC:pt meat-DAT ask-PAST

<synth> The friend asked the girl about meat.


<translate> The child went to camp with a stick.

karrkay juku-ji bayan-ba dunga-ny | child stick-COMIT camp-LOC go-PAST

<synth> The child went to camp with a stick.


buyku ngalkal-ba wuna-ny | paperbark outside-LOC lie-PAST


warru-ngku jiri nyaji-ny | young.man-ERG sky see-PAST


<translate> I saw the crocodile outside.

ngayu bilngkumu ngalkal-ba nyaji-ny | I crocodile outside-LOC see-PAST


<translate> We saw the stone on the road.

ngana kulji baral-ba nyaji-ny | we stone road-LOC see-PAST


<translate> The man laughed at the girl.

dingkar maral-anda yajarri-ny | man girl-DAT:pt laugh-PAST


<translate> Grandmother laughed at mother.

babi ngamu-ndu yajarri-ny | grandmother mother-DAT:pt laugh-PAST


<translate> The woman went into the water with father.

jalbu nganjan-anji bana-nga dunga-ny | woman father-COMIT:pt water-LOC go-PAST

<synth> The woman went into the water with father.


<translate> The woman left bark in the shade.

jalbu-ngku dumbul wabarr-ba bawa-ny | woman-ERG bark shade-LOC leave-PAST

<synth> The woman left bark in the shade.


<translate> Grandmother left sand on the ground.

babi-ngka jukar bubu-ngu bawa-ny | grandmother-ERG sand ground-LOC leave-PAST

<synth> Grandmother left sand on the ground.


<translate> Mother put seeds in the bag.

ngamu-ngku diburr balji-nga yijarri-ny | mother-ERG seed bag-LOC put-PAST


<translate> The child saw smoke from the scrub.

karrkay-ngku kubu madja-muny nyaji-ny | child-ERG smoke scrub-ABL see-PAST

<synth> The child saw smoke from the scrub.


ngayu ngurrbal bayan-ba nyaji-ny | I fog camp-LOC see-PAST


<translate> The young man laughed at grandfather.

warru kami-nda yajarri-ny | young.man grandfather-DAT:pt laugh-PAST

<synth> The young man laughed at grandfather.


<translate> The young man's eye is sore.


<translate> Father saw the old woman's ear.

nganjan-angka mukul-jalbu milka nyaji-ny | father-ERG old-woman ear see-PAST


ngayu mara julurri-ji-ny | I hand wash-REF-PAST


maral bibar julurri-ji-ny | girl shin wash-REF-PAST


kaya-ngka ngamu mara bayka-ny | dog-ERG mother hand bite-PAST


karrkay bajibay-ngka wawu | child bone-DAT want


nganjan kuyu-ku wawu | father fish-DAT want


<translate> The young man asked mother about fish.

warru ngamu-ndu kuyu-ku babaji-ny | young.man mother-LOC:pt fish-DAT ask.about-PAST

<synth> The young man asked mother about fish.


<translate> The fish tail lay in the shade.

kuyu biji wabarr-ba wuna-ny | fish tail shade-LOC lie-PAST


bajibay ngulkurr bajaku | bone good very


<translate> Mother took liver from the ground.

ngamu-ngku jiba bubu-muny mani-ny | mother-ERG liver ground-ABL get-PAST

<synth> Mother took liver from the ground.


<translate> The young man took meat from the ground.

warru-ngku minya bubu-muny mani-ny | young.man-ERG meat ground-ABL get-PAST

<synth> The young man took meat from the ground.


ngayu bajibay-ngka wawu | I bone-DAT want


<translate> The old man asked mother about meat without bones.

Mukul-dingkar ngamu-ndu minya-ka bajibay-kari-ka babajin.

mukul-dingkar ngamu-ndu minya-ka bajibay-kari-ka babaji-ny | old-man mother-LOC:pt meat-DAT bone-PRIV-DAT ask.about-PAST

mukul dingkar ngamu minya bajibay kari babajiy

<synth> The old man asked mother about meat without bones.


<translate> Grandfather's chest is painful.

kami damu bajaybajay | grandfather chest painful


ngamu jibar ngulkurr | mother stomach good


<translate> Father saw the woman's shoulder.

nganjan-angka jalbu binda nyaji-ny | father-ERG woman shoulder see-PAST

<synth> Father saw the woman's shoulder.


ngayu jakay julurri-ji-ny | I neck wash-REF-PAST


<translate> The crab bit grandfather's ankle.

ngalngal-angka kami wulu bayka-ny | crab-ERG grandfather ankle bite-PAST

<synth> The crab bit grandfather's ankle.


<translate> The fish net lay on the ground.

makarr bubu-ngu wuna-ny | fish.net ground-LOC lie-PAST


<translate> The child saw the dilly bag on the ground.

karrkay-ngku ngunyin bubu-ngu nyaji-ny | child-ERG dilly.bag ground-LOC see-PAST

<synth> The child saw the dilly bag on the ground.


<translate> We saw the shield in the shade.

ngana kunjuri wabarr-ba nyaji-ny | we shield shade-LOC see-PAST


<translate> Father took the spear from the ground.

nganjan-angka kalka bubu-muny mani-ny | father-ERG spear ground-ABL get-PAST

<synth> Father took the spear from the ground.


<translate> The fire stick lay on the ground.

jimal bubu-ngu wuna-ny | fire.stick ground-LOC lie-PAST

<synth> The fire stick lay on the ground.


ngunjil bayan-ba wuna-ny | charcoal camp-LOC lie-PAST


<translate> Father put the charcoal in the shade.

Nganjan-angka ngunjil wabarr-ba yijarrin.

nganjan-angka ngunjil wabarr-ba yijarri-ny | father-ERG charcoal shade-LOC put-PAST

<synth> Father put the charcoal in the shade.


<translate> Grandfather saw the stinging tree in the scrub.

kami-ngka mili madja-nga nyaji-ny | grandfather-ERG stinging.tree scrub-LOC see-PAST

<synth> Grandfather saw the stinging tree in the scrub.


<translate> The Moreton Bay ash tree is dry.

<synth> The Moreton Bay ash tree is dry.


<translate> The candlenut tree is standing at camp.

bilar bayan-ba janja-na-y | candlenut.tree camp-LOC stand-REDUP-NONPAST

<synth> The candlenut tree is standing at camp.


<translate> The stinging tree is standing outside.

mili ngalkal-ba janja-na-y | stinging.tree outside-LOC stand-REDUP-NONPAST

<synth> The stinging tree is standing outside.


<translate> Father saw the candlenut tree.

nganjan-angka bilar nyaji-ny | father-ERG candlenut.tree see-PAST


ngana baway nyaji-ny | we black.bean.tree see-PAST


<translate> They saw the bottlebrush tree.

jana yumu nyaji-ny | they bottlebrush.tree see-PAST


<translate> The man saw the Leichhardt tree outside.

dingkar-angka kabal ngalkal-ba nyaji-ny | man-ERG Leichhardt.tree outside-LOC see-PAST

<synth> The man saw the Leichhardt tree outside.


dikal yinyay jana-y | bird there stand-NONPAST


<translate> The man saw the goose at camp.

Dingkar-angka jamarbina bayan-ba nyajin.

dingkar-angka jamarbina bayan-ba nyaji-ny | man-ERG goose camp-LOC see-PAST


ngana kurranji nyaji-l | we cassowary see-NONPAST


<translate> The saltwater crocodile is big.

bilngkumu yalbay | saltwater.crocodile big


<translate> Father saw the sea turtle in the water.

nganjan-angka ngawiya bana-nga nyaji-ny | father-ERG sea.turtle water-LOC see-PAST

<synth> Father saw the sea turtle in the water.


<translate> I saw the mud crab in the water.

ngayu kiju bana-nga nyaji-ny | I mud.crab water-LOC see-PAST

<synth> I saw the mud crab in the water.


<translate> I see the saltwater crocodile.

ngayu bilngkumu nyaji-l | I saltwater.crocodile see-NONPAST


<translate> We saw the saltwater crocodile.

ngana bilngkumu nyaji-ny | we saltwater.crocodile see-PAST


<translate> The man saw the mud crab in the water.

dingkar-angka kiju bana-nga nyaji-ny | man-ERG mud.crab water-LOC see-PAST

<synth> The man saw the mud crab in the water.


<translate> The woman saw the mud crab in the water.

jalbu-ngku kiju bana-nga nyaji-ny | woman-ERG mud.crab water-LOC see-PAST

<synth> The woman saw the mud crab in the water.


<translate> The blue-tongue lizard is big.

bajabaja yalbay | blue-tongue.lizard big


<translate> The wallaby is on the open ground.

kadar ngalkal-ba | wallaby open.ground-LOC

<synth> The wallaby is on the open ground.


<translate> Mother saw the blue-tongue lizard in the scrub.

ngamu-ngku bajabaja madja-nga nyaji-ny | mother-ERG blue-tongue.lizard scrub-LOC see-PAST

<synth> Mother saw the blue-tongue lizard in the scrub.


<translate> Grandmother sees the grey kangaroo on the open ground.

babi-ngka julmbanu ngalkal-ba nyaji-l | grandmother-ERG grey.kangaroo open.ground-LOC see-NONPAST

<synth> Grandmother sees the grey kangaroo on the open ground.


<translate> The wallaby is on the ground.


<translate> The blue-tongue lizard is at the camp.

bajabaja bayan-ba | blue-tongue.lizard camp-LOC

<synth> The blue-tongue lizard is at the camp.


<translate> Mother saw the black scrub goanna.

ngamu-ngku walkarr nyaji-ny | mother-ERG black.scrub.goanna see-PAST

<synth> Mother saw the black scrub goanna.


<translate> We saw the knife at the camp.

ngana naybu bayan-ba nyaji-ny | we knife camp-LOC see-PAST


<translate> The child saw the spear-thrower.

karrkay-ngku balur nyaji-ny | child-ERG spear-thrower see-PAST

<synth> The child saw the spear-thrower.


<translate> The man saw the digging stick at the camp.

dingkar-angka juwal bayan-ba nyaji-ny | man-ERG digging.stick camp-LOC see-PAST

<synth> The man saw the digging stick at the camp.


<translate> We saw the rope on the ground.

ngana karra bubu-ngu nyaji-ny | we rope ground-LOC see-PAST


<translate> Grandmother saw the axe on the open ground.

babi-ngka waymbil ngalkal-ba nyaji-ny | grandmother-ERG axe open.ground-LOC see-PAST

<synth> Grandmother saw the axe on the open ground.


jana bana nyaji-ny | they water see-PAST


<translate> Father sees the mountain peak.

nganjan-angka jalkaraburr nyaji-l | father-ERG mountain.peak see-NONPAST


<translate> Grandfather sees the shallow water.

kami-ngka yalkan nyaji-l | grandfather-ERG shallow.water see-NONPAST

<synth> Grandfather sees the shallow water.


<translate> The woman sees the mountain.

jalbu-ngku manjal nyaji-l | woman-ERG mountain see-NONPAST


kami-ngka baral nyaji-l | grandfather-ERG road see-NONPAST


<translate> The child saw the open ground.

karrkay-ngku ngalkal nyaji-ny | child-ERG open.ground see-PAST


<translate> The child sees the deep water there.

karrkay-ngku dajali yinyay nyaji-l | child-ERG deep.water there see-NONPAST

<synth> The child sees the deep water there.


<translate> The woman sees the morning star there.

jalbu-ngku kurrubijal yinyay nyaji-l | woman-ERG morning.star there see-NONPAST

<synth> The woman sees the morning star there.


<translate> Grandmother sees the morning star.

babi-ngka kurrubijal nyaji-l | grandmother-ERG morning.star see-NONPAST

<synth> Grandmother sees the morning star.


jalbu-ngku kaba nyaji-l | woman-ERG rain see-NONPAST


jalbu-ngku kaba nyaji-ny | woman-ERG rain see-PAST


ngana wungar yinyay nyaji-ny | we sun there see-PAST


<translate> Mother hears the thunder there.

ngamu-ngku jabulbina yinyay nyaji-l | mother-ERG thunder there hear-NONPAST


ngayu ngurrban yaluy nyaji-l | I cloud here see-NONPAST


<translate> I see the morning star here.

ngayu kurrubijal yaluy nyaji-l | I morning.star here see-NONPAST


<translate> You hear the thunderstorm here.

yundu jarramali yaluy nyaji-l | you thunderstorm here hear-NONPAST


yundu wurunurru yaluy nyaji-l | you whirlwind here see-NONPAST


jana kija yaluy nyaji-ny | they moon here see-PAST


ngamu-ngku ngurrban yaluy nyaji-l | mother-ERG cloud here see-NONPAST


<translate> The grass-tree resin is there.

kanunjul yinyay | grass.tree.resin there


yundu jujabala nyaji-ny | you ironwood.tree see-PAST


<translate> The woman saw the grass-tree resin.

jalbu-ngku kanunjul nyaji-ny | woman-ERG grass.tree.resin see-PAST

<synth> The woman saw the grass-tree resin.


ngana wukay nyaji-ny | we hairy.yam see-PAST


<translate> They see the wild grape there.

jana kangka yinyay nyaji-l | they wild.grape there see-NONPAST


yundu jawun nyaji-l | you friend see-NONPAST


ngana nganjan yaluy nyaji-l | we father here see-NONPAST


ngayu warru yinyay nyaji-l | I young.man there see-NONPAST


yundu dunyu yaluy nyaji-l | you husband here see-NONPAST


jana jawun yaluy nyaji-ny | they friend here see-PAST


ngana jawun yinyay nyaji-l | we friend there see-NONPAST


ngayu yaba nyaji-l | I older.brother see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the son or daughter.

yundu kangkal nyaji-l | you own.child see-NONPAST


<translate> They saw the mother's father.

jana ngaji nyaji-ny | they mother's.father see-PAST


<translate> We see the father's sister here.

ngana bimakay yaluy nyaji-l | we father's.sister here see-NONPAST

<synth> We see the father's sister here.


<translate> We see the mother's father here.

ngana ngaji yaluy nyaji-l | we mother's.father here see-NONPAST

<synth> We see the mother's father here.


<translate> They saw the mother's father here.

jana ngaji yaluy nyaji-ny | they mother's.father here see-PAST

<synth> They saw the mother's father here.


<translate> We see the grandmother there.

ngana babi yinyay nyaji-l | we grandmother there see-NONPAST


<translate> We see the son or daughter there.

ngana kangkal yinyay nyaji-l | we own.child there see-NONPAST

<synth> We see the son or daughter there.


yundu biji yaluy nyaji-l | you tail here see-NONPAST


ngayu bangkarr yaluy nyaji-l | I body here see-NONPAST


ngayu biji yaluy nyaji-l | I tail here see-NONPAST


ngayu manu yaluy nyaji-l | I throat here see-NONPAST


yundu bangkarr yinyay nyaji-l | you body there see-NONPAST


yundu dukul yinyay nyaji-l | you head there see-NONPAST


jana dirra yinyay nyaji-ny | they tooth there see-PAST


jana miyil yinyay nyaji-ny | they eye there see-PAST


jana wakuy yinyay nyaji-ny | they arm there see-PAST


<translate> You see the jama tree there.

yundu jama yinyay nyaji-l | you jama.tree there see-NONPAST


<translate> I see the buyukal tree here.

ngayu buyukal yaluy nyaji-l | I buyukal.tree here see-NONPAST


<translate> They saw the boxwood tree here.

jana dari yaluy nyaji-ny | they boxwood.tree here see-PAST


ngayu dalban nyaji-l | I oak.tree see-NONPAST


yundu bijin yinyay nyaji-l | you tea.tree there see-NONPAST


yundu kumul yinyay nyaji-l | you grass there see-NONPAST


<translate> They saw the tea tree there.

jana bijin yinyay nyaji-ny | they tea.tree there see-PAST


jana kumul yinyay nyaji-ny | they grass there see-PAST


ngana kumul yaluy nyaji-l | we grass here see-NONPAST


<translate> The bloodwood tree is there.


<translate> The balmbalka tree is there.


<translate> The black bean tree is there.


<translate> They saw the black bean tree here.

jana baway yaluy nyaji-ny | they black.bean.tree here see-PAST

<synth> They saw the black bean tree here.


<translate> They saw the dingki tree here.

jana dingki yaluy nyaji-ny | they dingki.tree here see-PAST


<translate> We see the balmbalka tree there.

ngana balmbalka yinyay nyaji-l | we balmbalka.tree there see-NONPAST

<synth> We see the balmbalka tree there.


ngayu kunjarri nyaji-l | I palm see-NONPAST


<translate> They saw the fig tree there.

jana jarrangkal yinyay nyaji-ny | they fig.tree there see-PAST


ngana malurri yaluy nyaji-l | we fern.tree here see-NONPAST


ngana maya yaluy nyaji-l | we vine here see-NONPAST


ngayu wangay yaluy nyaji-l | I vine here see-NONPAST


<translate> They saw the plum tree here.

jana kurruy yaluy nyaji-ny | they plum.tree here see-PAST


ngana jarrangkal yinyay nyaji-l | we fig.tree there see-NONPAST


ngana maya yinyay nyaji-l | we vine there see-NONPAST


ngayu murrumun nyaji-l | I black.beetle see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the rhinoceros beetle there.

yundu murrmun yinyay nyaji-l | you rhinoceros.beetle there see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the rhinoceros beetle there.


<translate> They saw the scorpion there.

jana manukurru yinyay nyaji-ny | they scorpion there see-PAST


ngayu mindil yaluy nyaji-l | I dog.flea here see-NONPAST


jana manukurru yaluy nyaji-ny | they scorpion here see-PAST


<translate> We see the yellow March fly there.

ngana kamay yinyay nyaji-l | we yellow.march.fly there see-NONPAST

<synth> We see the yellow March fly there.


ngana yijil-yijin yinyay nyaji-l | we cricket there see-NONPAST


<translate> I see the large round oyster.

ngayu yulba nyaji-l | I large.round.oyster see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the large round oyster there.

yundu yulba yinyay nyaji-l | you large.round.oyster there see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the large round oyster there.


<translate> The marku species of oyster is there.

<synth> The marku species of oyster is there.


<translate> I see the big clam shell here.

ngayu munji yaluy nyaji-l | I big.clam.shell here see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the shell back snail here.

yundu balungkul yaluy nyaji-l | you shell.back.snail here see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the shell back snail here.


<translate> They saw the freshwater prawn here.

jana wukuju yaluy nyaji-ny | they freshwater.prawn here see-PAST

<synth> They saw the freshwater prawn here.


<translate> We see the shell back snail there.

ngana balungkul yinyay nyaji-l | we shell.back.snail there see-NONPAST

<synth> We see the shell back snail there.


<translate> We see the marubu species of oyster there.

ngana marubu yinyay nyaji-l | we species.of.oyster there see-NONPAST

<synth> We see the marubu species of oyster there.


ngana ngulumuku yinyay nyaji-l | we seashell there see-NONPAST


<translate> We see the freshwater prawn there.

ngana wukuju yinyay nyaji-l | we freshwater.prawn there see-NONPAST

<synth> We see the freshwater prawn there.


ngayu bayil-bayil nyaji-l | I mudlark see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the willie wagtail there.

yundu dijarr-dijin yinyay nyaji-l | you willie.wagtail there see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the willie wagtail there.


jana bayil-bayil yinyay nyaji-ny | they mudlark there see-PAST


<translate> They saw the bronze wing pigeon there.

jana kurungka yinyay nyaji-ny | they bronze.wing.pigeon there see-PAST

<synth> They saw the bronze wing pigeon there.


jana munwingkul yinyay nyaji-ny | they dove there see-PAST


ngana munwingkul yaluy nyaji-l | we dove here see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the willie wagtail here.

yundu dijarr-dijin yaluy nyaji-l | you willie.wagtail here see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the willie wagtail here.


<translate> They saw the young cassowary here.

jana barbarr yaluy nyaji-ny | they young.cassowary here see-PAST

<synth> They saw the young cassowary here.


jana kurburrubun yaluy nyaji-ny | they magpie here see-PAST


<translate> They saw the butcherbird here.

jana kurkumbay yaluy nyaji-ny | they butcherbird here see-PAST


ngana kurburrubun yinyay nyaji-l | we magpie there see-NONPAST


<translate> We see the forest kingfisher there.

ngana yindili yinyay nyaji-l | we forest.kingfisher there see-NONPAST

<synth> We see the forest kingfisher there.


<translate> I see the fresh water snake.

ngayu banamu nyaji-l | I fresh.water.snake see-NONPAST


<translate> I see the freshwater crocodile.

ngayu ngawurr-ngawun nyaji-l | I freshwater.crocodile see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the light bellied black snake there.

yundu binju yinyay nyaji-l | you light.bellied.black.snake there see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the light bellied black snake there.


<translate> They saw the fresh water snake there.

jana banamu yinyay nyaji-ny | they fresh.water.snake there see-PAST

<synth> They saw the fresh water snake there.


<translate> They saw the small lizard there.

jana junbirr yinyay nyaji-ny | they small.lizard there see-PAST

<synth> They saw the small lizard there.


<translate> We see the carpet snake here.

ngana kurriyala yaluy nyaji-l | we carpet.snake here see-NONPAST


<translate> The light bellied black snake is there.

binju yinyay | light.bellied.black.snake there

<synth> The light bellied black snake is there.


<translate> I see the striped water snake here.

ngayu kabuljaka yaluy nyaji-l | I striped.water.snake here see-NONPAST

<synth> I see the striped water snake here.


yundu kirbaji yinyay nyaji-l | you dugong there see-NONPAST


yundu murrumu yinyay nyaji-l | you dingo there see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the black kangaroo there.

yundu nyarrkali yinyay nyaji-l | you black.kangaroo there see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the black kangaroo there.


<translate> We see the black kangaroo here.

ngana nyarrkali yaluy nyaji-l | we black.kangaroo here see-NONPAST


ngayu murrumu yaluy nyaji-l | I dingo here see-NONPAST


<translate> They saw the large bat here.

jana jibul yaluy nyaji-ny | they large.bat here see-PAST


<translate> They saw the black kangaroo here.

jana nyarrkali yaluy nyaji-ny | they black.kangaroo here see-PAST

<synth> They saw the black kangaroo here.


jana wambiji yaluy nyaji-ny | they platypus here see-PAST


<translate> We see the white-tailed rat there.

ngana durrkin yinyay nyaji-l | we white-tailed.rat there see-NONPAST

<synth> We see the white-tailed rat there.


ngana wambiji yinyay nyaji-l | we platypus there see-NONPAST


ngayu bilaji nyaji-l | I flat-tailed.ray see-NONPAST


<translate> I see the black spotted dart.

ngayu karrulji nyaji-l | I black.spotted.dart see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the manta ray there.

yundu yalnganji yinyay nyaji-l | you manta.ray there see-NONPAST


jana yubuji yinyay nyaji-ny | they sawfish there see-PAST


ngana yalnganji yinyay nyaji-l | we manta.ray there see-NONPAST


ngana yubuji yinyay nyaji-l | we sawfish there see-NONPAST


ngayu jarbir nyaji-l | I grunter see-NONPAST


ngayu julmba nyaji-l | I sucker.fish see-NONPAST


yundu dawal yinyay nyaji-l | you trevally there see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the crescent perch there.

yundu kundur-kundur yinyay nyaji-l | you crescent.perch there see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the crescent perch there.


jana dalkal yinyay nyaji-ny | they sardine there see-PAST


<translate> They saw the crescent perch there.

jana kundur-kundur yinyay nyaji-ny | they crescent.perch there see-PAST

<synth> They saw the crescent perch there.


ngana dalkal yaluy nyaji-l | we sardine here see-NONPAST


ngayu dandarrbina yaluy nyaji-l | I eelfish here see-NONPAST


ngayu jarbir yaluy nyaji-l | I grunter here see-NONPAST


yundu dalkal yaluy nyaji-l | you sardine here see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the crescent perch here.

yundu kundur-kundur yaluy nyaji-l | you crescent.perch here see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the crescent perch here.


ngana dalkal yinyay nyaji-l | we sardine there see-NONPAST


ngayu jurungurr nyaji-l | I spoon see-NONPAST


<translate> You see the didgeridoo there.

yundu yiki-yiki yinyay nyaji-l | you didgeridoo there see-NONPAST


yundu jakway yaluy nyaji-l | you door here see-NONPAST


<translate> We see the didgeridoo there.

ngana yiki-yiki yinyay nyaji-l | we didgeridoo there see-NONPAST


yundu nganyay yinyay nyaji-l | you desert there see-NONPAST


jana karrangkal yinyay nyaji-ny | they reef there see-PAST


<translate> They saw the exposed place there.

jana warrmba yinyay nyaji-ny | they exposed.place there see-PAST

<synth> They saw the exposed place there.


jana nganyay yaluy nyaji-ny | they desert here see-PAST


ngana nganyay yinyay nyaji-l | we desert there see-NONPAST


<translate> The seashell headband is here.


yundu wandu yinyay nyaji-l | you hat there see-NONPAST


ngayu kayamuku yaluy nyaji-l | I felt.hat here see-NONPAST


yundu malnkurr yaluy nyaji-l | you headband here see-NONPAST


yundu wayarri yaluy nyaji-l | you hair.belt here see-NONPAST


yundu julkun yaluy nyaji-l | you bark.belt here see-NONPAST


jana bilangkurr yaluy nyaji-ny | they blanket here see-PAST


jana wandu yaluy nyaji-ny | they hat here see-PAST


ngayu mirru nyaji-l | I club see-NONPAST


<translate> They saw the spear barb there.

jana jinil yinyay nyaji-ny | they spear.barb there see-PAST


yundu kukuni yaluy nyaji-l | you big.spear here see-NONPAST


jana kulbanmuku yaluy nyaji-ny | they axe here see-PAST


<translate> We see the woomera butt there.

ngana ngurmu yinyay nyaji-l | we woomera.butt there see-NONPAST


ngayu ngurma-mulkaynji nyaji-l | I image perceive-NONPAST


<translate> You hear the chewing sound there.

yundu jangkuy yinyay nyaji-l | you chewing.sound there perceive-NONPAST

<synth> You hear the chewing sound there.


jana ngurma-mulkaynji yinyay nyaji-ny | they image there perceive-PAST


ngana ngurma-mulkaynji yaluy nyaji-l | we image here perceive-NONPAST


ngana ngurma yaluy nyaji-l | we reflection here perceive-NONPAST


<translate> The rattling sound is there.


<translate> The rustling noise is there.


<translate> They heard the clap sound here.

jana kankar yaluy nyaji-ny | they clap.sound here perceive-PAST


<translate> We hear the grunt sound there.

ngana nginja yinyay nyaji-l | we grunt.sound there perceive-NONPAST


<translate> We hear the rustling noise there.

ngana yanja yinyay nyaji-l | we rustling.noise there perceive-NONPAST

<synth> We hear the rustling noise there.


jana kari milka-murruji | they NEG ashamed


jana kari juwamalmal | they NEG lethargic


yinya baral kari kalbay | that road NEG long


yala bama yayji yaluy | this person thin here


yinya bayan yalbay yinyay | that house big there


yala kulji ngumbu yaluy | this stone black here


ngayu bana dayirr nyaji-l | I water clear see-NONPAST


ngayu bubu dayirr nyaji-l | I ground clean see-NONPAST


yundu bana dayirr nyaji-l | you water clear see-NONPAST


jana bayan dayirr nyaji-ny | they house clean see-PAST


<translate> The kurunkal mangrove is here.


<translate> The mungari kaori pine is here.


<translate> I see the wurmbariji scrub tree.

ngayu wurmbariji nyaji-l | I wurmbariji.scrub.tree see-NONPAST

<synth> I see the wurmbariji scrub tree.


<translate> I see the wuymbariji scrub tree.

ngayu wuymbariji nyaji-l | I wuymbariji.scrub.tree see-NONPAST

<synth> I see the wuymbariji scrub tree.


<translate> You see the marngkil ti tree there.

yundu marngkil yinyay nyaji-l | you marngkil.ti.tree there see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the marngkil ti tree there.


<translate> You see the marrabal ti tree there.

yundu marrabal yinyay nyaji-l | you marrabal.ti.tree there see-NONPAST

<synth> You see the marrabal ti tree there.


<translate> They saw the marngkil ti tree there.

jana marngkil yinyay nyaji-ny | they marngkil.ti.tree there see-PAST

<synth> They saw the marngkil ti tree there.


<translate> That madu sea pine is there.

yinya madu yinyay | that madu.sea.pine there


<translate> I see that marrabal ti tree.

ngayu yinya marrabal nyaji-l | I that marrabal.ti.tree see-NONPAST


<translate> I see that mungari kaori pine.

ngayu yinya mungari nyaji-l | I that mungari.kaori.pine see-NONPAST


ngayu yinya kurrun nyaji-l | I that kurrun.tree see-NONPAST


<translate> You see that mungari kaori pine.

yundu mungari yinya nyaji-l | you mungari.kaori.pine that see-NONPAST

<synth> You see that mungari kaori pine.


<translate> You see that wurmbariji scrub tree.

yundu wurmbariji yinya nyaji-l | you wurmbariji.scrub.tree that see-NONPAST

<synth> You see that wurmbariji scrub tree.


<translate> They saw that milbarakal tree.

jana yinya milbarakal nyaji-ny | they that milbarakal.tree see-PAST


<translate> They saw that mungari kaori pine.

jana yinya mungari nyaji-ny | they that mungari.kaori.pine see-PAST

<synth> They saw that mungari kaori pine.


yundu kandarr yinyay nyaji-l | you belch there hear-NONPAST


jana kawal yinyay nyaji-ny | they cooee there hear-PAST


jana warimaji yinyay nyaji-ny | they yawn there hear-PAST


ngana ngawungkal yaluy nyaji-l | we halloo here hear-NONPAST


<translate> The clothing here is not folded.

kambi kari mulun yaluy | clothing NEG folded here

<synth> The clothing here is not folded.


<translate> That road there is not steep.

yinya baral kari jalkar-jalkar yinyay | that road NEG steep there


yinya juku kari jalngka | that wood NEG smooth


<translate> The wood here is not smooth.

juku kari jalngka yaluy | wood NEG smooth here


<translate> The person there is not kind.

bama kari manun-manun yinyay | person NEG kind there


yarun yinya yinyay | black.wattle that there


<translate> That cherry-like tree is here.

yinya banday yaluy | that cherry.like.tree here


yinya warka yaluy | that messmate.tree here


yinya biyin yaluy | that safety.pin here


yiri yinya yinyay | waterfall that there


<translate> The blue mountain parakeet is there.

karrmbil yinyay | blue.mountain.parakeet there

<synth> The blue mountain parakeet is there.


yinya bilu-warra yinyay | that spoon.bill there


mawal yinya yinyay | mawal.bee that there


yinya dijaraban yaluy | that mayfly here


yinya kulil yinyay | that jellyfish there


<translate> The person here is unskilled.

bama barrkawun yaluy | person unskilled here


<translate> The person there is unskilled.

bama barrkawun yinyay | person unskilled there


<translate> That person there is beautiful.

yinya bama ngulkurrijin yinyay | that person beautiful there


<translate> The white ant eggs are here.


yinya jadamu yinyay | those bananas there


<translate> That crown of the head is there.

kuburrubun yinya yinyay | that crown.of.head there

<synth> That crown of the head is there.


<translate> Those calf muscles are there.

makal yinya yinyay | those calf.muscles there


yinya barrkar yaluy | that upper.jaw here


<translate> That grass wallaby is there.

yinya darrba yinyay | that grass.wallaby there


<translate> The frill necked lizard is there.

binanjal yinyay | frill.necked.lizard there

<synth> The frill necked lizard is there.


<translate> That frill necked lizard is there.

binanjal yinya yinyay | that frill.necked.lizard there

<synth> That frill necked lizard is there.


yinya kabul yaluy | that rock.python here


<translate> The pheasant cuckoo is here.


<translate> The native companion is there.


jaka yinya yinyay | that friarbird there


yinya kinga yaluy | that caterpillar here


wurrul yinya yinyay | that shellfish there


yinya kunkun yaluy | that periwinkle here


<translate> The stringybark tree is here.


yinya kabariji yinyay | that cherry.tree there


<translate> That black cherry tree is here.

yinya kawunjil yaluy | that black.cherry.tree here


yinya karul-karul yinyay | that moss there


ngayu balbay yinyay nyajil | I lightning there perceive.NONPAST


<translate> I see the cloudless sky there.

ngayu jiri bajaku yinyay nyajil | I cloudless.sky there perceive.NONPAST


<translate> You hear the trade wind here.

yundu kumbamu yaluy nyajil | you trade.wind here perceive.NONPAST


<translate> That younger sister is there.

yinya jinkurr yinyay | that younger.sister there


kambanmu yinya yinyay | that cross.cousin there


<translate> The golden whistler is here.


<translate> That golden whistler is there.

yinya dukunjulu yinyay | that golden.whistler there


<translate> That diwalngku migratory bird is there.

diwalngku yinya yinyay | that diwalngku.migratory.bird there

<synth> That diwalngku migratory bird is there.


yinya jiral-jiral yaluy | that night.bird here


<translate> The bingkajiri tree is here.


<translate> That bingkajiri tree is there.

yinya bingkajiri yinyay | that bingkajiri.tree there


<translate> That kalbariji tree is there.

kalbariji yinya yinyay | that kalbariji.tree there


<translate> That kuray-kuray tree is there.

kuray-kuray yinya yinyay | that kuray.kuray.tree there


yinya mukukana yaluy | that mukukana.tree here


ngayu durral yaluy nyajil | I durral.tree here perceive.NONPAST


<translate> I see the mukukana tree here.

ngayu mukukana yaluy nyajil | I mukukana.tree here perceive.NONPAST


<translate> He sees the bingkajiri tree there.

nyulu bingkajiri yinyay nyajil | he bingkajiri.tree there perceive.NONPAST

<synth> He sees the bingkajiri tree there.


<translate> He sees the kuralbi tree there.

nyulu kuralbi yinyay nyajil | he kuralbi.tree there perceive.NONPAST


<translate> He sees the mingur tree there.

nyulu mingur yinyay nyajil | he mingur.tree there perceive.NONPAST


<translate> We see the durral tree here.

ngana durral yaluy nyajil | we.INC durral.tree here perceive.NONPAST


<translate> We see the kalbariji tree here.

ngana kalbariji yaluy nyajil | we.INC kalbariji.tree here perceive.NONPAST


yinya yalmba yinyay | that seashore there


ngayu kangku yaluy nyajil | I valley here perceive.NONPAST


<translate> They saw the high bank here.

jana jalkar yaluy nyajin | 3pl high.bank here perceive.PAST


<translate> Those love handles are there.

yinya bandin yinyay | those love.handles there


kuwinyu yinya yinyay | posterior that there


yinya kuwinyu yaluy | that posterior here


nyulu jiba yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM liver here see.NPST


<translate> We see the love handles there.

ngana bandin yinyay nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM love.handles there see.NPST


<translate> That smouldering log is there.

yinya miyilkura yinyay | that smouldering.log there


yinya ngalku yinyay | that bush.fire there


jimal yinya yinyay | fire.stick that there


<translate> That smouldering log is here.

yinya miyilkura yaluy | that smouldering.log here


yundu baya yinyay nyajil | 2sg.NOM fire there see.NPST


yundu kubu yinyay nyajil | 2sg.NOM smoke there see.NPST


<translate> You see the smouldering log there.

yundu miyilkura yinyay nyajil | 2sg.NOM smouldering.log there see.NPST

<synth> You see the smouldering log there.


yundu ngaluri yinyay nyajil | 2sg.NOM flames there see.NPST


<translate> We see the smouldering log there.

ngana miyilkura yinyay nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM smouldering.log there see.NPST

<synth> We see the smouldering log there.


yinya bakarr yaluy | that ridge.pole here


yinya bakarr yinyay | that ridge.pole there


nyulu bayan yinyay nyajil | 3sg.NOM house there see.NPST


<translate> He sees the ridge pole here.

nyulu bakarr yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM ridge.pole here see.NPST


nyulu jakway yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM door here see.NPST


yurra jiji yinyay nyajil | 2pl.NOM roof there see.NPST


<translate> The two of them see the blanket here.

bula bilangkurr yaluy nyajil | 3du.NOM blanket here see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the blanket here.


<translate> They see the black bream there.

jana barrbal yinyay nyajil | 3pl.NOM black.bream there see.NPST


<translate> They see the black-tip shark there.

jana bilmbin yinyay nyajil | 3pl.NOM black.tip.shark there see.NPST

<synth> They see the black-tip shark there.


<translate> I see the straw-necked ibis there.

ngayu birmba yinyay nyajil | 1sg.NOM straw.necked.ibis there see.NPST

<synth> I see the straw-necked ibis there.


ngayu nili-nili yinyay nyajil | 1sg.NOM duck there see.NPST


ngayu mabal yinyay nyajil | 1sg.NOM swallow there see.NPST


nyulu mabal yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM swallow here see.NPST


<translate> He sees the domestic turkey here.

nyulu wungku yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM domestic.turkey here see.NPST

<synth> He sees the domestic turkey here.


<translate> He sees the black cockatoo here.

nyulu kadanji yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM black.cockatoo here see.NPST

<synth> He sees the black cockatoo here.


<translate> They see the straw-necked ibis there.

jana birmba yinyay nyajil | 3pl.NOM straw.necked.ibis there see.NPST

<synth> They see the straw-necked ibis there.


nyulu nili-nili yinyay nyajil | 3sg.NOM duck there see.NPST


<translate> The two of them see the straw-necked ibis there.

bula birmba yinyay nyajil | 3du.NOM straw.necked.ibis there see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the straw-necked ibis there.


<translate> The two of them see the kookaburra there.

bula kururrungka yinyay nyajil | 3du.NOM kookaburra there see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the kookaburra there.


jana jamarbina yaluy nyajil | 3pl.NOM goose here see.NPST


<translate> We two, not you, see the blanket there.

ngali bilangkurr yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM blanket there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the blanket there.


<translate> You and I see the humpy here.

ngaliny wurun yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM humpy here see.NPST


<translate> You two see the board there.

yubal yulal yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM board there see.NPST


<translate> You two see the blanket there.

yubal kararr yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM blanket there see.NPST


<translate> We all, not you, see the roof here.

nganjin jiji yaluy nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM roof here see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the roof here.


yurra mabil yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM swamp here see.NPST


<translate> We all, not you, see the thigh there.

nganjin waba yinyay nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM thigh there see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the thigh there.


<translate> You all see the stomach here.

yurra jibar yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM stomach here see.NPST


<translate> We two, not you, see the small sticks here.

ngali jirramar yaluy nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM small.sticks here see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the small sticks here.


<translate> We two, not you, see the flames here.

ngali wula yaluy nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM flames here see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the flames here.


<translate> You and I see the small sticks there.

ngaliny jirramar yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM small.sticks there see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the small sticks there.


<translate> We two, not you, see the windbreak here.

ngali kilili yaluy nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM windbreak here see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the windbreak here.


<translate> You and I see the roof there.

ngaliny jiji yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM roof there see.NPST


<translate> You and I see the windbreak there.

ngaliny kilili yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM windbreak there see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the windbreak there.


yubal wurun yaluy nyajil | 2du.NOM humpy here see.NPST


yurra jiji yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM roof here see.NPST


yurra yulal yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM board here see.NPST


<translate> We two, not you, see the mud there.

ngali kambal-kambal yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM mud there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the mud there.


<translate> You two see the hillside there.

yubal jamba yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM hillside there see.NPST


<translate> You all see the high bank there.

yurra jalkar yinyay nyajil | 2pl.NOM high.bank there see.NPST

<synth> You all see the high bank there.


<translate> We two, not you, see the fingernail there.

ngali birri yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM fingernail there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the fingernail there.


<translate> We two, not you, see the cheek there.

ngali kangkul yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM cheek there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the cheek there.


<translate> We all, not you, see the fingernail here.

nganjin birri yaluy nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM fingernail here see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the fingernail here.


<translate> We all, not you, see the cheek here.

nganjin kangkul yaluy nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM cheek here see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the cheek here.


<translate> We two, not you, see the smoke there.

ngali kubu yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM smoke there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the smoke there.


<translate> We two, not you, see the bush fire there.

ngali ngalku yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM bush.fire there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the bush fire there.


<translate> We two, not you, see the flames there.

ngali ngaluri yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM flames there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the flames there.


<translate> You and I see the flames here.

ngaliny wula yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM flames here see.NPST


<translate> We all, not you, see the fire stick here.

nganjin jimal yaluy nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM fire.stick here see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the fire stick here.


ngayu kubija yaluy nyajil | 1sg.NOM barracuda here see.NPST


ngayu wuyumbu yaluy nyajil | 1sg.NOM toadfish here see.NPST


<translate> The two of them see the toadfish there.

bula wuyumbu yinyay nyajil | 3du.NOM toadfish there see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the toadfish there.


<translate> They see the barracuda here.

jana kubija yaluy nyajil | 3pl.NOM barracuda here see.NPST


<translate> I see the black snake there.

ngayu bindimu yinyay nyajil | 1sg.NOM black.snake there see.NPST


<translate> You all see the black snake there.

yurra bindimu yinyay nyajil | 2pl.NOM black.snake there see.NPST

<synth> You all see the black snake there.


<translate> They see the crocodile there.

jana bilngkumu yinyay nyajil | 3pl.NOM crocodile there see.NPST


<translate> They see the frill necked lizard there.

jana binanjal yinyay nyajil | 3pl.NOM frill.necked.lizard there see.NPST

<synth> They see the frill necked lizard there.


nyulu kukur yinyay nyajil | 3sg.NOM rat there see.NPST


<translate> The two of them see the small bat there.

bula mali yinyay nyajil | 3du.NOM small.bat there see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the small bat there.


<translate> The two of them see the bandicoot there.

bula ngumbi yinyay nyajil | 3du.NOM bandicoot there see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the bandicoot there.


<translate> They see the sugar glider here.

jana bala yaluy nyajil | 3pl.NOM sugar.glider here see.NPST


jana kukur yaluy nyajil | 3pl.NOM rat here see.NPST


ngayu kukur yinyay nyajil | 1sg.NOM rat there see.NPST


<translate> He sees the marsupial native cat here.

nyulu jungarr yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM marsupial.native.cat here see.NPST

<synth> He sees the marsupial native cat here.


<translate> You all see the bandicoot there.

yurra ngumbi yinyay nyajil | 2pl.NOM bandicoot there see.NPST

<synth> You all see the bandicoot there.


ngayu dijaraban yinyay nyajil | 1sg.NOM mayfly there see.NPST


nyulu dijaraban yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM mayfly here see.NPST


nyulu munudumbun yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM scorpion here see.NPST


<translate> He sees the yarrka bee here.

nyulu yarrka yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM yarrka.bee here see.NPST


<translate> You all see the sandfly there.

yurra munyurri yinyay nyajil | 2pl.NOM sandfly there see.NPST


<translate> You all see the nakawarra bee there.

yurra nakawarra yinyay nyajil | 2pl.NOM nakawarra.bee there see.NPST

<synth> You all see the nakawarra bee there.


<translate> The two of them see the grasshopper here.

bula yiljun yaluy nyajil | 3du.NOM grasshopper here see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the grasshopper here.


ngayu munyurri yaluy nyajil | 1sg.NOM sandfly here see.NPST


ngayu yiljun yaluy nyajil | 1sg.NOM grasshopper here see.NPST


<translate> He sees the nakawarra bee there.

nyulu nakawarra yinyay nyajil | 3sg.NOM nakawarra.bee there see.NPST

<synth> He sees the nakawarra bee there.


<translate> You all see the grasshopper here.

yurra yiljun yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM grasshopper here see.NPST

<synth> You all see the grasshopper here.


ngayu darkay yaluy nyajil | 1sg.NOM clam here see.NPST


ngayu ngarrakaja yaluy nyajil | 1sg.NOM shellfish here see.NPST


nyulu darkay yinyay nyajil | 3sg.NOM clam there see.NPST


<translate> He sees the jellyfish there.

nyulu kulil yinyay nyajil | 3sg.NOM jellyfish there see.NPST


<translate> You all see the large mud clam here.

yurra baymbay yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM large.mud.clam here see.NPST

<synth> You all see the large mud clam here.


<translate> You all see the ghost crab here.

yurra karruku yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM ghost.crab here see.NPST

<synth> You all see the ghost crab here.


<translate> They see the karraway snail there.

jana karraway yinyay nyajil | 3pl.NOM karraway.snail there see.NPST

<synth> They see the karraway snail there.


jana marrkabina yinyay nyajil | 3pl.NOM oyster there see.NPST


<translate> We two, not you, see the karraway snail there.

ngali karraway yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM karraway.snail there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the karraway snail there.


<translate> We all, not you, see the jellyfish here.

nganjin kulil yaluy nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM jellyfish here see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the jellyfish here.


ngana marrkabina yinyay nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM oyster there see.NPST


<translate> You and I see the large mud clam there.

ngaliny baymbay yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM large.mud.clam there see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the large mud clam there.


<translate> You two see the shellfish here.

yubal ngarrakaja yaluy nyajil | 2du.NOM shellfish here see.NPST


<translate> We all, not you, see the shellfish there.

nganjin ngarrakaja yinyay nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM shellfish there see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the shellfish there.


ngana nuwi yaluy nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM squid here see.NPST


ngayu bajuy yaluy nyajil | 1sg.NOM lizard here see.NPST


ngayu kundurr yaluy nyajil | 1sg.NOM death.adder here see.NPST


<translate> He sees the scrub goanna there.

nyulu kalajarr yinyay nyajil | 3sg.NOM scrub.goanna there see.NPST


<translate> You all see the rock python here.

yurra kabul yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM rock.python here see.NPST

<synth> You all see the rock python here.


<translate> We two, not you, see the black snake there.

ngali bindimu yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM black.snake there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the black snake there.


<translate> We all, not you, see the rock python here.

nganjin kabul yaluy nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM rock.python here see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the rock python here.


<translate> We see the whip snake there.

ngana jijirrbay yinyay nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM whip.snake there see.NPST


<translate> You and I see the scrub goanna there.

ngaliny kalajarr yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM scrub.goanna there see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the scrub goanna there.


ngana jijirrbay yaluy nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM whip.snake here see.NPST


<translate> We two, not you, see the tree kangaroo there.

ngali jarrabina yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM tree.kangaroo there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the tree kangaroo there.


<translate> You and I see the kangaroo rat here.

ngaliny jayju yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM kangaroo.rat here see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the kangaroo rat here.


<translate> You and I see the possum here.

ngaliny yawa yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM possum here see.NPST


<translate> You two see the dingo there.

yubal murramu yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM dingo there see.NPST


<translate> We all, not you, see the grass wallaby here.

nganjin darrba yaluy nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM grass.wallaby here see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the grass wallaby here.


<translate> We all, not you, see the possum here.

nganjin yawa yaluy nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM possum here see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the possum here.


<translate> We see the marsupial native cat there.

ngana jungarr yinyay nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM marsupial.native.cat there see.NPST

<synth> We see the marsupial native cat there.


<translate> We two, not you, see the tree kangaroo here.

ngali jarrabina yaluy nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM tree.kangaroo here see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the tree kangaroo here.


<translate> We two, not you, see the bandicoot here.

ngali ngumbi yaluy nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM bandicoot here see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the bandicoot here.


<translate> You and I see the sugar glider there.

ngaliny bala yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM sugar.glider there see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the sugar glider there.


<translate> We all, not you, see the kangaroo rat there.

nganjin jayju yinyay nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM kangaroo.rat there see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the kangaroo rat there.


<translate> We two, not you, see the king parrot there.

ngali karrambil yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM king.parrot there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the king parrot there.


<translate> You and I see the swallow here.

ngaliny mabal yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM swallow here see.NPST


<translate> You and I see the parrot here.

ngaliny yinjul yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM parrot here see.NPST


<translate> You two see the goose there.

yubal jamarbina yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM goose there see.NPST


<translate> We all, not you, see the domestic turkey here.

nganjin wungku yaluy nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM domestic.turkey here see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the domestic turkey here.


<translate> We two, not you, see the domestic turkey here.

ngali wungku yaluy nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM domestic.turkey here see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the domestic turkey here.


ngana mabal yaluy nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM swallow here see.NPST


<translate> We see the domestic turkey here.

ngana wungku yaluy nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM domestic.turkey here see.NPST

<synth> We see the domestic turkey here.


ngana kuludu yaluy nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM dove here see.NPST


ngana kururrungka yaluy nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM kookaburra here see.NPST


<translate> You and I see the flathead here.

ngaliny dalmbal yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM flathead here see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the flathead here.


<translate> You and I see the salmon here.

ngaliny jalkay yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM salmon here see.NPST


<translate> You two see the archerfish there.

yubal mujarrka yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM archerfish there see.NPST

<synth> You two see the archerfish there.


<translate> You two see the black bream there.

yubal barrbal yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM black.bream there see.NPST

<synth> You two see the black bream there.


ngana dalmbal yinyay nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM flathead there see.NPST


<translate> We two, not you, see the black bream here.

ngali barrbal yaluy nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM black.bream here see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the black bream here.


<translate> You and I see the archerfish there.

ngaliny mujarrka yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM archerfish there see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the archerfish there.


<translate> You two see the salmon here.

yubal jalkay yaluy nyajil | 2du.NOM salmon here see.NPST


<translate> We all, not you, see the flathead there.

nganjin dalmbal yinyay nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM flathead there see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the flathead there.


<translate> We two, not you, see the jumper ant there.

ngali ngalmnbu yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM jumper.ant there see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the jumper ant there.


<translate> You two see the kalburiji bee there.

yubal kalburiji yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM kalburiji.bee there see.NPST

<synth> You two see the kalburiji bee there.


ngana dijaraban yinyay nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM mayfly there see.NPST


<translate> We see the kalburiji bee there.

ngana kalburiji yinyay nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM kalburiji.bee there see.NPST


<translate> We see the grasshopper there.

ngana yiljun yinyay nyajil | 1pl.INC.NOM grasshopper there see.NPST


<translate> You and I see the sandfly there.

ngaliny munyurri yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM sandfly there see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the sandfly there.


<translate> We all, not you, see the mawal bee there.

nganjin mawal yinyay nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM mawal.bee there see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the mawal bee there.


<translate> We all, not you, see the scorpion there.

nganjin munudumbun yinyay nyajil | 1pl.EXCL.NOM scorpion there see.NPST

<synth> We all, not you, see the scorpion there.


<translate> I see the smouldering log here.

ngayu miyilkura yaluy nyajil | 1sg.NOM smouldering.log here see.NPST


nyulu kubu yinyay nyajil | 3sg.NOM smoke there see.NPST


<translate> They see the small sticks here.

jana jirramar yaluy nyajil | 3pl.NOM small.sticks here see.NPST


ngayu jimal yinyay nyajin | 1sg.NOM fire.stick there see.PAST


nyulu ngunjil yinyay nyajin | 3sg.NOM charcoal there see.PAST


<translate> You saw the smouldering log there.

yundu miyilkura yinyay nyajin | 2sg.NOM smouldering.log there see.PAST

<synth> You saw the smouldering log there.


yundu ngunjil yinyay nyajin | 2sg.NOM charcoal there see.PAST


<translate> He saw the smouldering log here.

nyulu miyilkura yaluy nyajin | 3sg.NOM smouldering.log here see.PAST

<synth> He saw the smouldering log here.


<translate> The two of them saw the small sticks there.

bula jirramar yinyay nyajin | 3du.NOM small.sticks there see.PAST

<synth> The two of them saw the small sticks there.


<translate> The two of them saw the flames there.

bula ngaluri yinyay nyajin | 3du.NOM flames there see.PAST

<synth> The two of them saw the flames there.


yundu kija yinyay nyajin | 2sg.NOM moon there see.PAST


<translate> We saw the shooting star there.

ngana binyu yinyay nyajin | 1pl.INC.NOM shooting.star there see.PAST


ngana jiri yinyay nyajin | 1pl.INC.NOM sky there see.PAST


yundu jukar yinyay nyajin | 2sg.NOM sand there see.PAST


nyulu dajali yaluy nyajin | 3sg.NOM deep.water here see.PAST


nyulu jukar yaluy nyajin | 3sg.NOM sand here see.PAST


ngana manjal yinyay nyajin | 1pl.INC.NOM mountain there see.PAST


<translate> You and I saw the sea there.

ngaliny jalun yinyay nyajin | 1du.INCL.NOM sea there see.PAST


yubal jukar yaluy nyajin | 2du.NOM sand here see.PAST


<translate> We two, not you, see the sea here.

ngali jalun yaluy nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM sea here see.NPST

<synth> We two, not you, see the sea here.


<translate> You and I see the spring there.

ngaliny jirka yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM spring there see.NPST


<translate> You two see the running water here.

yubal yirri yaluy nyajil | 2du.NOM running.water here see.NPST

<synth> You two see the running water here.


<translate> He sees the deep water here.

nyulu dajali yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM deep.water here see.NPST


nyulu yiri yaluy nyajil | 3sg.NOM waterfall here see.NPST


<translate> The two of them see the river there.

bula wawubaja yinyay nyajil | 3du.NOM river there see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the river there.


nyulu jirka yinyay nyajil | 3sg.NOM spring there see.NPST


<translate> He sees the running water there.

nyulu yirri yinyay nyajil | 3sg.NOM running.water there see.NPST

<synth> He sees the running water there.


<translate> The two of them see the deep water here.

bula dajali yaluy nyajil | 3du.NOM deep.water here see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the deep water here.


<translate> The two of them see the spring here.

bula jirka yaluy nyajil | 3du.NOM spring here see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the spring here.


<translate> The two of them see the waterfall here.

bula yiri yaluy nyajil | 3du.NOM waterfall here see.NPST

<synth> The two of them see the waterfall here.


<translate> We two (not you) see the sea there.

ngali jalun yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM sea there see.NPST

<synth> We two (not you) see the sea there.


<translate> You and I see the deep water here.

ngaliny dajali yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM deep.water here see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the deep water here.


<translate> You two see the river there.

yubal wawubaja yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM river there see.NPST


jana daburri yinyay nyajil | 3pl.NOM swamp there see.NPST


ngaliny jalun yaluy nyajin | 1du.INCL.NOM sea here see.PAST


<translate> You two saw the mountain there.

yubal manjal yinyay nyajin | 2du.NOM mountain there see.PAST


yurra yilki yaluy nyajin | 2pl.NOM creek here see.PAST


jana yilki yinyay nyajin | 3pl.NOM creek there see.PAST


<translate> We two (not you) saw the sun there.

ngali wungar yinyay nyajin | 1du.EXCL.NOM sun there see.PAST

<synth> We two (not you) saw the sun there.


<translate> You and I saw the shooting star here.

ngaliny binyu yaluy nyajin | 1du.INCL.NOM shooting.star here see.PAST

<synth> You and I saw the shooting star here.


<translate> You and I saw the mackerel sky here.

ngaliny kurrinkurrin yaluy nyajin | 1du.INCL.NOM mackerel.sky here see.PAST

<synth> You and I saw the mackerel sky here.


<translate> You two saw the cloud there.

yubal ngurrban yinyay nyajin | 2du.NOM cloud there see.PAST


jana kaba yinyay nyajin | 3pl.NOM rain there see.PAST


<translate> We two (not you) see the shooting star there.

ngali binyu yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM shooting.star there see.NPST

<synth> We two (not you) see the shooting star there.


<translate> We two (not you) see the star there.

ngali dawar yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM star there see.NPST

<synth> We two (not you) see the star there.


<translate> You and I see the shooting star here.

ngaliny binyu yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM shooting.star here see.NPST

<synth> You and I see the shooting star here.


<translate> You and I see the star here.

ngaliny dawar yaluy nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM star here see.NPST


<translate> You all see the mackerel sky here.

yurra kurrinkurrin yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM mackerel.sky here see.NPST

<synth> You all see the mackerel sky here.


jana yiril yinyay nyajil | 3pl.NOM rainbow there see.NPST


<translate> We two (not you) saw the pumice stone there.

ngali jundi yinyay nyajin | 1du.EXCL.NOM pumice.stone there see.PAST

<synth> We two (not you) saw the pumice stone there.


<translate> You all saw the spear thrower here.

yurra balur yaluy nyajin | 2pl.NOM spear.thrower here see.PAST

<synth> You all saw the spear thrower here.


<translate> You all saw the outrigger canoe here.

yurra kaljan yaluy nyajin | 2pl.NOM outrigger.canoe here see.PAST

<synth> You all saw the outrigger canoe here.


yurra dakilji yaluy nyajin | 2pl.NOM cup here see.PAST


<translate> They saw the outrigger canoe there.

jana kaljan yinyay nyajin | 3pl.NOM outrigger.canoe there see.PAST

<synth> They saw the outrigger canoe there.


<translate> We two (not you) see the hook there.

ngali badur yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM hook there see.NPST

<synth> We two (not you) see the hook there.


<translate> We two (not you) see the fighting spear there.

ngali dajal yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM fighting.spear there see.NPST

<synth> We two (not you) see the fighting spear there.


<translate> We two (not you) see the torch there.

ngali jidi yinyay nyajil | 1du.EXCL.NOM torch there see.NPST

<synth> We two (not you) see the torch there.


<translate> You two see the dilly bag there.

yubal balji yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM dilly.bag there see.NPST

<synth> You two see the dilly bag there.


<translate> You two see the fighting spear there.

yubal dajal yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM fighting.spear there see.NPST

<synth> You two see the fighting spear there.


<translate> You two see the torch there.

yubal jidi yinyay nyajil | 2du.NOM torch there see.NPST


yurra jidi yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM torch here see.NPST


<translate> You all see the three-pronged spear here.

yurra jindal yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM three.pronged.spear here see.NPST

<synth> You all see the three-pronged spear here.


yurra karra yaluy nyajil | 2pl.NOM rope here see.NPST


<translate> They see the spear thrower there.

jana balur yinyay nyajil | 3pl.NOM spear.thrower there see.NPST

<synth> They see the spear thrower there.


<translate> You and I see the cup there.

ngaliny dakilji yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM cup there see.NPST


<translate> You and I see the torch there.

ngaliny jidi yinyay nyajil | 1du.INCL.NOM torch there see.NPST


<translate> You two see the pumice stone here.

yubal jundi yaluy nyajil | 2du.NOM pumice.stone here see.NPST

<synth> You two see the pumice stone here.


<translate> We two (not you) saw the pumice stone here.

ngali jundi yaluy nyajin | 1du.EXCL.NOM pumice.stone here see.PAST

<synth> We two (not you) saw the pumice stone here.


<translate> You two saw the pumice stone here.

yubal jundi yaluy nyajin | 2du.NOM pumice.stone here see.PAST

<synth> You two saw the pumice stone here.


yurra badur yinyay nyajin | 2pl.NOM hook there see.PAST


<translate> They saw the dilly bag here.

jana balji yaluy nyajin | 3pl.NOM dilly.bag here see.PAST


<translate> They saw the outrigger canoe here.

jana kaljan yaluy nyajin | 3pl.NOM outrigger.canoe here see.PAST

<synth> They saw the outrigger canoe here.


jana karra yaluy nyajin | 3pl.NOM rope here see.PAST