# sentences

frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "darkay", "wajul", "kubu", "kajarrbi", "ngalkal", "julbi", "jiba-wulay", "jalun"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The children roasted the clams on the coals until the shells opened, the old man said, and the sweet flesh inside was the taste of the whole sea.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay darkay waju kubu-ba, kajarrbi ngalkal-ma-n kariku, mukul-dingkar balkan, julbi jiba-wulay bada-ba jalun narmba-mu jiba.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay darkay waju kubu-ba, kajarrbi ngalkal-ma-n kariku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, julbi jiba-wulay bada-ba jalun narmba-mu jiba | child-REDUP clam cook coal-LOC, shell open-INCHO-PAST until, old-man said, inside sweet below sea all-POSS taste

evidence:
darkay clam; kajarrbi clam-shell; waju-l roast; ngalkal-ma-ny 'opened' (b102 ngalkal); julbi inside (b109)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "binal", "bana", "kulji", "julul", "dulngku", "ngunyin", "ngajal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old woman knows every rock-pool and every oyster-bed on the whole reef, the people said, and her dilly-bag is never empty at low tide.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu binal bana-mabi kulji-jirr julul-bubu wubulku dulngku narmba-ba, bama balkan, nyungu ngunyin kari yamba ngajal-ba.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu binal bana-mabi kulji-jirr julul-bubu wubul-ku dulngku narmba-ba, bama balka-ny, nyungu ngunyin kari yamba ngajal-ba | old-woman know rock-pool oyster-bed all reef whole-LOC, person said, her dilly.bag NEG empty low.tide-LOC

evidence:
bana-mabi 'rock-pool' (water-hollow); julul-bubu 'oyster-bed'; ngunyin dilly-bag (b107); binal know (b108)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "kiju", "darkay", "bangka", "yira", "ngajal", "jalun", "bila", "dulngku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old man said gather the crab and the shellfish while the tide is low, but watch the water, for the sea comes back fast over the flat reef.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: kiju darkay-jirr bangka yira ngajal-ba, yamba bana nyaji, jalun kaday bila dulngku ngalkal-burr.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: kiju darkay-jirr bangka yira ngajal-ba, yamba bana nyaji, jalun kaday bila dulngku ngalkal-burr | old-man said: mudcrab clam-COMIT gather tide low-LOC, but water watch, sea come fast reef flat-PERL

evidence:
kiju mudcrab; bangka-l gather (b113); yira ngajal 'the tide low'; jalun kaday bila 'the sea comes fast'; bila fast (b112)


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old woman said the shell of the trocus makes a good cup and a bright ornament, so keep the big whole ones and do not break them for the flesh.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: dakaldakal kajarrbi mayi-bana-nka ngulkurr walu-jirrbu balbal-nka, yalbay narmba karrba, kari dumbarri minya-nka.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: dakaldakal kajarrbi mayi-bana-nka ngulkurr walu-jirrbu balbal-nka, yalbay narmba karrba, kari dumbarri minya-nka | old-woman said: trocus.shell shell drink-vessel-DAT good ornament bright-DAT, big whole keep, NEG break flesh-DAT

words_used:
["mukul", "jalbu", "dakaldakal", "kajarrbi", "ngulkurr", "walu-jirrbu", "karrbal", "dumbarril", "minya"]

evidence:
dakaldakal 'trocus shell'; kajarrbi shell; walu-jirrbu ornament; karrba-l keep (b113); dumbarri break (b113)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "karrkay", "darkay", "jukar", "jina", "bana", "duna", "yira", "wujurr"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old man taught the boy to feel for the buried cockles with his toes in the wet sand as the tide went out at dusk.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay balkan: darkay jukar-a wawan-nya jina-bu nyaji, bana jukar duna-ba, yira dunga wujurr-ma-nya.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay balka-ny: darkay jukar-a wawan-nya jina-bu nyaji, bana jukar duna-ba, yira dunga wujurr-ma-nya | old-man-ERG:pt child told: cockle sand-LOC hide-SUB foot-INST feel(see), water sand wet-LOC, tide go dusk

evidence:
darkay cockle/clam; jina-bu 'with the toes/foot' (b112); duna wet (b?); yira tide; wujurr-ma-nya dusk (b111)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "jalun", "mayi", "dajil", "wungar", "yira", "kaday", "yala", "kudamundu"]
status: revised
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:11:14.256302+00:00
english:
The old woman said the sea feeds you every single day if you know it, the tide going out and coming in each and every day.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: jalun mayi dajil wungar nyubun-nyubun yundu binal-ba, yira dunga kada-baja wungar nyubun-nyubun marri.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: jalun mayi daji-l wungar nyubun-nyubun yundu binal-ba, yira dunga kada-baja wungar nyubun-nyubun marri | old-woman said: sea food give day each you know-LOC, tide go come-again day each long

evidence:
jalun sea; yira dunga/kaday 'the tide going and coming'; yala kudamundu 'like a breath' (b112); the sea's rhythm


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "ngunyin", "jambul", "julul", "kiju", "kuyu", "jirril", "warmbal", "dulngku", "nukal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The children filled two dilly-bags with oysters and mudcrabs and small fish, and the whole camp ate well from the reef that night.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay ngunyin jambul julul kiju kuyu jirril-jirr warmba, bayan narmba dulngku-muny ngulkurr nuka wujurr yinya-ba.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay ngunyin jambul julul kiju kuyu jirril-jirr warmba, bayan narmba dulngku-muny ngulkurr nuka wujurr yinya-ba | child-REDUP dilly.bag two oyster mudcrab fish small-COMIT fill, camp all reef-ABL good eat night that-LOC

evidence:
julul oyster + kiju mudcrab + kuyu jirril 'small fish'; ngunyin dilly-bag (b107); warmba 'fill'; dulngku reef


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "jalun", "bama", "binal", "yala", "bubu", "madja"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old man said the sea people, the Jalunji, know the water as the inland people know the scrub, and the sea is their whole country.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: jalun-bama, Jalunji, jalun binal yala bubu-bama madja binal, jalun nyungu bubu narmba.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: jalun-bama, Jalunji, jalun binal yala bubu-bama madja binal, jalun nyungu bubu narmba | old-man said: sea-people, Jalunji, sea know COMP(like) land-people scrub know, sea their country whole

evidence:
⭐Jalunji 'seafarers/sea-people'; jalun sea (b102); yala 'like' (b112); madja scrub (b113); the sea as country


frame: lexical
words_used: ["balar", "wujurr", "kaday", "mukul", "dingkar", "bana", "dulngku", "ngalkal", "kuyu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.8
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
When the high tide comes in the evening, the old man said, the water rises over the whole flat reef and the fish come in close to feed.

kuku:
Balar wujurr-ma-nya kaday, mukul-dingkar balkan, bana dulngku ngalkal narmba daka, kuyu ngundu kaday nuka-nka.

analysis:
balar wujurr-ma-nya kaday, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bana dulngku ngalkal narmba daka, kuyu ngundu kaday nuka-nka | high.tide evening come, old-man said, water reef flat all rise.over, fish near come eat-PURP

evidence:
⭐balar 'high tide'; wujurr-ma-nya evening (b111); bana daka 'water rises over'; dulngku reef; kuyu fish


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mulngku", "yalbay", "bana", "dajali", "jukar", "balbal", "dumbarril", "mukul", "yirrkal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The great waves come in from the deep sea and break white on the sand, the old man said, and their sound goes on all day and all night.

kuku:
Mulngku yalbay bana dajali-muny kaday, jukar-a balbal dumbarri, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyungu yirrka janay wungar wujurr-jirr wubulku.

analysis:
mulngku yalbay bana dajali-muny kaday, jukar-a balbal dumbarri, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyungu yirrka janay wungar wujurr-jirr wubul-ku | wave big water deep-ABL come, sand-LOC white break, old-man said, its sound stand(go.on) day night-COMIT all

evidence:
⭐mulngku 'wave' (NOT wulngku song); dajali deep (b112); jukar sand (b107); dumbarri 'break' (b113); yirrka sound


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "kajul", "jalun", "karrkay", "kuyu", "kiju", "ngara", "yalbay"]
evidence: kajul 'mangrove'; karrkay-bubu 'nursery' (child-ground); ngara root (b113); mangrove-as-nursery
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old woman said the mangrove is the nursery of the sea, where the little fish and the young crabs hide and grow among the tangled roots.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: kajul jalun-mu karrkay-bubu, wanja kuyu buban kiju buban-jirr ngara jarra-jarra-ba wawan yalbay-ma-l.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: kajul jalun-mu karrkay-bubu, wanja kuyu buban kiju buban-jirr ngara jarra-jarra-ba wawan yalbay-ma-l | old-woman said: mangrove sea-POSS child-ground(nursery), where fish small crab small-COMIT root tangled-LOC hide big-INCHO


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "yira", "kija", "ngajal", "kija", "dulngku", "bangka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old man said watch the tide and the moon together, for the biggest low tides come at the full moon and the new, and that is when to glean the reef.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: yira kija-jirr nyubun-bu nyaji, ngajal yalbay bajaku kija murru-murru-ba kija-kari-ba-jirr, niji dulngku bangka-nka.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: yira kija-jirr nyubun-bu nyaji, ngajal yalbay bajaku kija murru-murru-ba kija-kari-ba-jirr, niji dulngku bangka-nka | old-man said: tide moon-COMIT one-INST(together) watch, low.tide big very moon round-LOC moon-PRIV-LOC-COMIT, then reef gather-PURP

evidence:
yira tide + kija moon together; ngajal low tide; kija murru-murru 'full moon' (b111) vs kija-kari 'new moon (no moon)'; spring tides


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "kalkil", "bana", "marral", "jukar", "bangka", "kulji", "murbuy"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old woman gathered the salt from the dried rock-pools at the top of the beach, the old man said, and traded it far inland for stone and ochre.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu-ngku kalkil bana-mabi marral-muny jukar wangkar-a bangka, mukul-dingkar balkan, bubu kala-kalbay-ka daji kulji murbuy-jirr.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku kalkil bana-mabi marral-muny jukar wangkar-a bangka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bubu kala-kalbay-ka daji kulji marra-jirr | old-woman-ERG:pt salt rock-pool dry-ABL sand top-LOC gather, old-man said, country far-DAT give(trade) stone red.ochre-COMIT

evidence:
kalkil 'salt water/salt'; bana-mabi 'rock-pool'; marral dry; bangka-l gather (b113); murbuy 'red ochre'; salt-trade


frame: lexical
words_used: ["dirrmbay", "kuyu", "bama", "wungar", "yirrkal", "jurrkil", "mayi", "daral", "bundal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.8
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The seagulls follow the fishing men all day, the old man said, crying and wheeling over the fishing men, waiting for the scraps thrown on the water.

kuku:
Dirrmbay kuyu-bama-nka jana-jana wungar wubulku, mukul-dingkar balkan, yirrka-yirrka kuyu-bama wangkar-a jurrki, mayi dara-nya bana-ba bunda.

analysis:
dirrmbay kuyu-bama-nka jana-jana wungar wubul-ku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yirrka-yirrka kuyu-bama wangkar-a jurrki, mayi dara-nya bana-ba bunda | seagull fisherman-DAT keep-following day all, old-man said, keep-crying fisherman above-LOC wheel(turn), scrap fall-SUB water-LOC wait

evidence:
dirrmbay 'seagull'; yirrka-yirrka 'keep crying' (b114); kuyu-bama fishermen; jurrki wheel/turn (b103)


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old man said the sea takes as well as gives: it took his own father in a great storm, and yet he loves it and cannot leave the shore.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: jalun mani yala-rrku dajil: nyulu nyungu nganjan manin jarramali yalbay-mba, yamba nyulu jalun-ka kuru-jirr, jukar-muny dunga kari.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: jalun mani yala-rrku daji-l: nyulu nyungu nganjan mani-ny jarramali yalbay-mba, yamba nyulu jalun-ka kuru-jirr, jukar-muny dunga kari | old-man said: sea take just.as give: 3sg his father took storm big-LOC, but 3sg sea-DAT love-COMIT, shore-ABL go NEG

words_used:
["mukul", "dingkar", "jalun", "manil", "yala-rrku", "dajil", "nganjan", "jarramali", "kuru", "jukar"]

evidence:
jalun sea; yala-rrku 'just as/the same' (b112); jarramali storm (b111); kuru-jirr 'with love' (b109); jukar shore/sand


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "ngajal", "wunkuwingku", "ngulkurr", "bangka", "dulngku", "ngiki", "bana"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old woman said the low tide at dawn is the best time to glean, when the reef is bare and cool and the water is still and clear.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: ngajal wunkuwingku-ba ngulkurr bajaku bangka-nka, dulngku ngalkal ngiki-ba, bana janka balbal.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: ngajal wunkuwingku-ba ngulkurr bajaku bangka-nka, dulngku ngalkal ngiki-ba, bana janka balbal | old-woman said: low.tide dawn-LOC good very gather-PURP, reef bare cool-LOC, water still clear

evidence:
ngajal low tide; wunkuwingku dawn/morning (b111); bangka-nka PURP 'to gather'; dulngku reef; the best gleaning-time


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old man named the fish for the boy as they walked the reef — this is kingfish, this queenfish, this the poison catfish — so the sea would feed him always.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka kuyu wubulku karrkay-nka burri dulngku jilba-nya — yinya danbal, yinya balarri, yinya kanyaji ngunyanji — jalun nyungu-nka mayi dajil wubulku.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka kuyu wubul-ku karrkay-nka burri dulngku jilba-nya — yinya danbal, yinya balarri, yinya kanyaji ngunyanji — jalun nyungu-nka mayi daji-l wubul-ku | old-man-ERG:pt fish all child-DAT name reef walk-SUB — this kingfish, this queenfish, this catfish poison — sea him-DAT food give always

words_used:
["mukul", "dingkar", "kuyu", "karrkay", "burri", "dulngku", "danbal", "balarri", "kanyaji", "jalun"]

evidence:
burri 'name' (b109); danbal kingfish / balarri queenfish / kanyaji catfish; the naming-the-fish teaching (echoes b113 b37)


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
The old woman said the shark is the boss of the reef and must be respected: do not swim when the water is dark, and never carry bleeding fish through the deep channel.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: bilmbin dulngku-mu maja, yararri-jirr: baluda maraji bana ngumbu-ba, kuyu mula-jirr baluda jarra-kulba bana dajali-burr.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: bilmbin dulngku-mu maja, yararri-jirr: baluda maraji bana ngumbu-ba, kuyu mula-jirr baluda jarra-kulba bana dajali-burr | old-woman said: shark reef-POSS boss, fear-COMIT: don't swim water dark-LOC, fish blood-COMIT don't carry water deep-PERL

words_used:
["mukul", "jalbu", "bilmbin", "dulngku", "maja", "yararri", "maraji", "bana", "mula", "jarra-kulba"]

evidence:
bilmbin 'black-tip shark'; maja boss (b?); maraji 'swim'; mula blood (b109); baluda PROHIB (b110); shark-respect law


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yala", "mukul", "dingkar", "jalun", "karrkay", "burri", "kuyu", "ngawiya", "biwuy", "kiju"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.85
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:26:23.688233+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:27:46.615670+00:00
english:
So the old man named the whole living sea for the boy — fish and turtle, dugong and crab, oyster and shark and the great slow tide — the seafarers' whole country.

kuku:
Yala mukul-dingkarangka jalun murrku narmba karrkay-nka burri — kuyu ngawiya-jirr, biwuy kiju-jirr, julul bilmbin yira yalbay buban-buban-jirr — Jalunji-mu bubu narmba.

analysis:
yala mukul-dingkar-angka jalun murrku narmba karrkay-nka burri — kuyu ngawiya-jirr, biwuy kiju-jirr, julul bilmbin yira yalbay buban-buban-jirr — Jalunji-mu bubu narmba | thus old-man-ERG:pt sea living whole child-DAT name — fish turtle, dugong crab, oyster shark tide big slow-COMIT — seafarers-POSS country whole

evidence:
⭐full sea inventory: kuyu/ngawiya/biwuy/kiju/julul/bilmbin/yira; burri name (b109); Jalunji seafarers; sea-as-country


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "kaba", "yalbay", "kaday", "bana", "jalungkarr", "bama", "jarra-kulba", "jarra-jarra"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If the big rain comes, the river floods, and the people carry all their things away from the water to the high ground.

kuku:
Kaki kaba yalbay kaday, bana jalungkarr-ma-l, bama nyungu wubulku jarra-kulba bana-muny bubu jarra-jarra-ka.

analysis:
kaki kaba yalbay kaday, bana jalungkarr-ma-l, bama nyungu wubulku jarra-kulba bana-muny bubu jarra-jarra-ka | if rain big come, water flood-INCHO, person their all carry water-ABL ground high(jarra-jarra)-DAT

evidence:
⭐kaki 'if' (l.5091, kaki-clause FIRST, non-past); kaba rain; jalungkarr-ma-l 'floods' (INCHO); jarra-kulba carry (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "ngulkurr", "balbi", "minya", "dajil", "bayan", "nukal", "dakuy", "wunay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If you hunt well and share the meat, the whole camp eats well, the old man said, and no one goes to sleep hungry.

kuku:
Kaki yundu ngulkurr balbi minya daji, bayan narmba ngulkurr nuka, mukul-dingkar balkan, kari bama dakuy wuna.

analysis:
kaki yundu ngulkurr balbi minya daji, bayan narmba ngulkurr nuka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kari bama dakuy wuna | if you well hunt meat give(share), camp all well eat, old-man said, NEG person hungry lie(sleep)

evidence:
kaki 'if'; balbi-l hunt; daji-l share/give; dakuy hungry (b114); kari NEG (b110); share-and-all-eat law


kuku: Kaki karrkay buban wujurr-ba banbadi, nyungu ngamu nyiku-nyiku kaday karrba buri-ngka, wuna-nyjiku.
frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "karrkay", "buban", "wujurr", "banbadi", "ngamu", "nyiku-nyiku", "karrbal", "buri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If the small child cries in the night, its mother comes at once and holds it close by the fire until it sleeps.

analysis:
kaki karrkay buban wujurr-ba banbadi, nyungu ngamu nyiku-nyiku kaday karrba buri-ngka, wuna-nyjiku | if child small night-LOC keep-crying, its mother soon come hold fire-LOC, sleep-before(until)

evidence:
kaki 'if'; banbadi keep-crying (b114); ngamu mother; nyiku-nyiku soon (b111); wuna-nyjiku 'until it sleeps' (SUCC)


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "kanbal", "wunay", "bangka", "mukul", "jalbu", "bubu", "mayi", "dajil", "wubulku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If you always leave enough behind when you gather, the old woman said, the country will feed you and your children forever.

kuku:
Kaki yundu kanbal wuna-nya bangka-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, bubu yundu-nka karrkay-jirr mayi dajil wubulku.

analysis:
kaki yundu kanbal wuna-nya bangka-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, bubu yundu-nka karrkay-jirr mayi daji-l wubul-ku | if you some leave-SUB gather-SUB, old-woman said, country you-DAT child-COMIT food give all(forever)

evidence:
kaki 'if'; kanbal some (b112); bangka-l gather (b113); the leave-enough law; daji-l wubulku 'gives forever'


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "bana", "ngumbu", "nyajil", "kari", "maraji", "bilmbin", "bundal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If the water is dark and you cannot see the bottom, do not swim there, the old man warned, for that is where the shark waits.

kuku:
Kaki bana ngumbu, yundu bada nyaji kari, kari yinya-ba maraji, mukul-dingkar balkan, bilmbin yinya-ba bunda.

analysis:
kaki bana ngumbu, yundu bada nyaji kari, kari yinya-ba maraji, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bilmbin yinya-ba bunda | if water dark, you bottom see NEG, NEG there-LOC swim, old-man said, shark there-LOC wait(sit)

evidence:
kaki 'if'; ngumbu dark (b109); maraji swim (b115); bilmbin shark (b115); kari...maraji 'don't swim' NEG (b110)


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "buri", "wujurr", "wulal", "ngiki", "bajibay", "kaday", "juku", "karrbal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If the fire goes out in the night, the old man said, the cold comes into your bones, so keep a little wood always by your side.

kuku:
Kaki buri wujurr-ba wula, mukul-dingkar balkan, ngiki nyungu bajibay-ka kaday, juku buban nyubun-bu nyundu-ngka karrba.

analysis:
kaki buri wujurr-ba wula, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, ngiki nyungu bajibay-ka kaday, juku buban nyubun-bu nyundu-ngka karrba | if fire night-LOC die(go.out), old-man said, cold your bone(bajibay)-DAT come, wood small one-INST you-LOC hold(keep)

evidence:
kaki 'if'; buri wula 'the fire dies' (wula-l die/go.out); ngiki cold; bajibay bone; keep-wood-by-you


kuku: Kaki yundu janka bajaku jilba, mukul-dingkar balkan, yundu kadar-ka ngundu kaday kalka dama-nka.
frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "janka", "jilba", "mukul", "kadar", "ngundu", "kalka", "dama"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If you walk very quietly the old man taught, you come close enough to the wallaby to throw the spear.

analysis:
kaki yundu janka bajaku jilba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yundu kadar-ka ngundu kaday kalka dama-nka | if you quietly very walk, old-man said, you wallaby-DAT near come spear throw-PURP

evidence:
kaki 'if'; janka quietly; jilba-l walk; kadar wallaby (b105 corpus norm); ngundu near; dama-nka PURP 'to spear'


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "bambayal", "nganka", "bubu", "wangkar", "kulbul", "baka", "yalbay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If the yellow flower of the yam shows above the ground, the old woman said, the big yam is ready to dig below it.

kuku:
Kaki bambayal-mu nganka bubu wangkar-a nyaji-ma-l, mukul-jalbu balkan, bambayal yalbay kulbul bada-ba baka-nka.

analysis:
kaki bambayal-mu nganka bubu wangkar-a nyaji-ma-l, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, bambayal yalbay kulbul bada-ba baka-nka | if yam-POSS flower(nganka) ground surface-LOC appear-INCHO, old-woman said, yam big ripe below-LOC dig-PURP

evidence:
kaki 'if'; bambayal yam (b113); nganka flower; kulbul ripe/ready; baka-nka PURP 'to dig' (baka-l dig b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "mayi", "yindu", "dajil", "mukul", "jalbu", "dakuy", "wungar"]
evidence: kaki 'if'; yindu other (b112); daji-l give/share; dakuy-wungar 'hunger-time'; reciprocity law
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If you share your food freely with others, the old woman said, then in the hungry time others will share their food with you.

kuku:
Kaki yundu nyungu mayi bama yindu-nka daji, mukul-jalbu balkan, dakuy-wungar-a bama yindu-ngku yundu-nka mayi daji.

analysis:
kaki yundu nyungu mayi bama yindu-nka daji, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, dakuy-wungar-a bama yindu-ngku yundu-nka mayi daji | if you your food person other-DAT give, old-woman said, hunger-time-LOC person other-ERG you-DAT food give


kuku: Kaki mukul-bama buri-ngka balka-balka, karrkay-karrkay janka bunda milka-janay, kari wanarri.
frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "mukul", "bama", "buri", "balka", "karrkay", "janka", "milka-janay", "wanarri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If the old people are telling the old stories by the fire, the children must sit quietly and listen and not run about.

analysis:
kaki mukul-bama buri-ngka balka-balka, karrkay-karrkay janka bunda milka-janay, kari wanarri | if old-person fire-LOC keep-telling, child-REDUP quietly sit listen, NEG keep-running

evidence:
kaki 'if'; balka-balka keep-telling (b114 redup); milka-janay listen (b109); wanarri run-about (b114)


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "jina", "madja", "junkurr", "mukul", "bana", "jilba", "yalbay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If you lose the path in the thick scrub, the old man said, follow the little creek downhill and it will always bring you to the big water.

kuku:
Kaki yundu jina madja junkurr-ba wula-mani, mukul-dingkar balkan, bana-jandu bada-ka jilba, nyulu yundu bana yalbay-ka kada-baja.

analysis:
kaki yundu jina madja junkurr-ba wula-mani, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bana-jandu bada-ka jilba, nyulu yundu bana yalbay-ka kaday-baja | if you track scrub thick-LOC lose, old-man said, creek down-DAT walk, 3sg you water big-DAT bring(come-again)

evidence:
kaki 'if'; jina track/foot (b109); madja scrub (b113); wula-mani 'lose'; bana-jandu creek; follow-the-creek lore


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "kija", "murru-murru", "yalbay", "ngajal", "dunga", "dulngku", "ngalkal", "bangka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If the moon is round and full, the old man taught the boy, then the low tide pulls right back and the whole reef is bare for gleaning.

kuku:
Kaki kija murru-murru yalbay, mukul-dingkarangka karrkay balkan, ngajal bajaku dunga, dulngku narmba ngalkal bangka-nka.

analysis:
kaki kija murru-murru yalbay, mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay balka-ny, ngajal bajaku dunga, dulngku narmba ngalkal bangka-nka | if moon round big, old-man-ERG:pt child told, low.tide very go(out), reef whole bare gather-PURP

evidence:
kaki 'if'; kija moon (b111); kija murru-murru 'full moon'; ngajal low tide (b115); bangka-nka PURP 'to glean' (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "baja-burray", "marri", "jilba", "mukul", "jalbu", "ngungul", "wunay", "junkurr"]
status: revised
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:51:24.797791+00:00
english:
If you are tired after the long walk, the old woman said, then lie down here in the shade and sleep until your strength returns.

kuku:
Kaki yundu baja-burray marri jilba-nya-muny, mukul-jalbu balkan, yaluy ngungul-ba wuna warngku-wuna, junkurr kada-baja-nyjiku.

analysis:
kaki yundu baja-burray marri jilba-nya-muny, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yaluy ngungul-ba wuna warngku-wuna, junkurr kada-baja-nyjiku | if you tired long.time walk-SUB-ABL, old-woman said, here shade-LOC lie sleep, strength come-again-before(until)

evidence:
kaki 'if'; baja-burray tired; marri long-time (b111); ngungul shade/shadow (b103); warngku-wuna sleep; echoes ex.395


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaki", "dingkar", "daki-daki", "balbi", "bangka", "dakuy", "wunay", "bama"]
status: revised
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:51:24.797791+00:00
english:
If a man is lazy and will not hunt or gather, the old man said, then he goes hungry, and his family goes hungry with him.

kuku:
Kaki dingkar daki-daki, balbi kari bangka kari, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu dakuy wuna, nyungu bama dakuy nyulu-ndu.

analysis:
kaki dingkar daki-daki, balbi kari bangka kari, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu dakuy wuna, nyungu bama dakuy nyulu-ndu | if man lazy(daki-daki), hunt not gather not, old-man said, 3sg hungry lie, his people hungry 3sg-with

evidence:
kaki 'if'; daki-daki lazy; balbi kari...bangka kari 'neither hunts nor gathers' NEG (b110); bama 'his people'


frame: construction
words_used: ["juku", "junkurr", "karrbal", "kambal-kambal", "kiju", "mara", "manil", "bayka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Hold the digging-stick tight when you reach into the mud, the old woman warned, lest the big mudcrab grab your hand and cut it.

kuku:
Juku junkurr karrba kambal-kambal-ba daka-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, kiju yalbay yundu mara mani bayka-nyji.

analysis:
juku junkurr karrba kambal-kambal-ba daka-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kiju yalbay yundu mara mani bayka-nyji | stick tight hold mud-LOC reach-SUB, old-woman said, mudcrab big your hand grab bite-PRECAUT(lest)

evidence:
⭐bayka-nyji 'lest it bite' PRECAUT (l.1143); kiju mudcrab (b115); kambal-kambal mud (b115); karrba-l hold (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["buri", "juku", "jarra-kulba", "kala-kalbay", "dunga", "wujurr", "ngiki", "bayan", "kunka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Carry a firestick with you when you travel far, the old man said, in case the cold night catches you a long way from the camp.

kuku:
Buri-juku yundu-ndu jarra-kulba kala-kalbay-ka dunga-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, wujurr ngiki yundu bayan-muny marri-ba mani kunka.

analysis:
buri-juku yundu-ndu jarra-kulba kala-kalbay-ka dunga-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, wujurr ngiki yundu bayan-muny marri-ba mani kunka | fire-stick you-with carry far-DAT go-SUB, old-man said, night cold you camp-ABL far-LOC catch might.be(in.case)

evidence:
⭐kunka 'might be/in case' (l.3836); buri-juku firestick; jarra-kulba carry (b113); ngiki cold; provisioning-caution


frame: construction
words_used: ["bana", "nyaji-nyaji", "dulngku", "bangka", "yira", "bila", "dajali", "manil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Watch the water all the time while you glean on the reef, the old woman warned, lest the tide come back fast and catch you in the deep channel.

kuku:
Bana nyaji-nyaji dulngku-ka bangka-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, yira bila kada-baja yundu bana dajali-ba mani-nyji.

analysis:
bana nyaji-nyaji dulngku-ka bangka-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yira bila kaday-baja yundu bana dajali-ba mani-nyji | water keep-watching reef-DAT gather-SUB, old-woman said, tide fast come-again you water deep-LOC catch-PRECAUT(lest)

evidence:
mani-nyji 'lest it catch you' PRECAUT; nyaji-nyaji keep-watching (b114); yira tide (b115); bila fast (b112)


kuku: Minya kubu-ba ngulkurr waju, mukul-jalbu balkan, minya waju-kari yundu bambay-mani-nyji wujurr-ba.
frame: construction
words_used: ["minya", "kubu", "ngulkurr", "wajul", "bambay", "wujurr"]
status: revised
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:51:24.797791+00:00
english:
Cook the meat right through on the coals, the old woman said, lest the half-cooked meat make you sick in the night.

analysis:
minya kubu-ba ngulkurr waju, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, minya waju-kari yundu bambay-mani-nyji wujurr-ba | meat coal-LOC well cook, old-woman said, meat cook-PRIV(uncooked) you sick-CAUS-PRECAUT(lest) night-LOC

evidence:
bambay-mani-nyji 'lest it make you sick' PRECAUT; bambay sick; waju-kari 'uncooked' PRIV; kubu coal (b109)


frame: construction
words_used: ["kalka", "ngulkurr", "manil", "jikan", "kalbay", "jilba", "jarba", "jina", "nganganjirrka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Always take a good spear when you walk the long grass, the old man said, just in case a snake is lying hidden across the track.

kuku:
Kalka ngulkurr mani jikan kalbay-mba jilba-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, jarba jina-ba wawan wuna nganganjirrka.

analysis:
kalka ngulkurr mani jikan kalbay-mba jilba-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, jarba jina-ba wawan wuna nganganjirrka | spear good take grass long-LOC walk-SUB, old-man said, snake track-LOC hide lie just.in.case

evidence:
⭐nganganjirrka 'just in case' (l.3836); jarba SNAKE (b115 correction); jikan grass; jina track (b109); kalka spear (b107)


frame: construction
words_used: ["balbal", "jina", "dulngku", "wandil", "jalan", "jarran", "ngumbu", "dumbarril"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Do not step on the reef with a bare foot, the old woman warned, lest the black spine of the sea-urchin break off deep in your heel.

kuku:
Balbal-kari jina dulngku-ka wandi kari, mukul-jalbu balkan, jalan-mu jarran ngumbu yundu jina-ba dumbarri-nyji.

analysis:
balbal-kari jina dulngku-ka wandi kari, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jalan-mu jarran ngumbu yundu jina-ba dumbarri-nyji | bare foot reef-DAT put NEG, old-woman said, sea.urchin-POSS spine black your foot-LOC break-PRECAUT(lest)

evidence:
dumbarri-nyji 'lest it break off' PRECAUT; jalan sea-urchin (b115); jarran spine (b113); balbal-kari 'bare' (PRIV b110)


frame: construction
words_used: ["buri", "yalbay", "bungal", "wunay", "kaba", "wujurr", "ngumbu", "kubu", "kunka"]
status: revised
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:51:24.797791+00:00
english:
Build the fire up high before you sleep, the old man said, in case the rain comes in the black of the night and puts out the coals.

kuku:
Buri yalbay bunga wuna-nyjiku, mukul-dingkar balkan, kaba wujurr ngumbu-ba kaday kubu wula-mani kunka.

analysis:
buri yalbay bunga wuna-nyjiku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kaba wujurr ngumbu-ba kaday kubu wula-mani kunka | fire big make before-sleep, old-man said, rain night black-LOC come coal die-CAUS might.be(in.case)

evidence:
kunka 'in case' (l.3836); wuna-nyjiku 'before sleeping' SUCC; kaba rain; buri bunga 'build the fire' (bunga-l make)


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "ngundu", "karrbal", "wujurr", "mukul", "jalbu", "nyubun", "bana", "wulal"]
evidence: wula-nyji 'lest be lost' PRECAUT; ngundu near; nyubun-bu 'alone/one' (b112); karrba-l keep (b113)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Keep the children close by you in the dark, the old woman said, lest one of them wander down to the water alone and be lost.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay yundu-ngka ngundu karrba wujurr-ba, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyubun bana-ka nyubun-bu dunga wula-nyji.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay yundu-ngka ngundu karrba wujurr-ba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyubun bana-ka nyubun-bu dunga wula-nyji | child-REDUP you-LOC near hold(keep) night-LOC, old-woman said, one water-DAT alone go lose(die)-PRECAUT(lest)


frame: construction
words_used: ["ngunyin", "jambul", "bana", "warmba", "marral", "jilba", "nganganjirrka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Fill two dilly-bags with water before you cross the dry country, the old man said, just in case the far waterhole has gone dry.

kuku:
Ngunyin jambul bana warmba bubu marral-burr jilba-nyjiku, mukul-dingkar balkan, bana-mabi kala-kalbay marral-ma-n nganganjirrka.

analysis:
ngunyin jambul bana warmba bubu marral-burr jilba-nyjiku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bana-mabi kala-kalbay marral-ma-n nganganjirrka | dilly.bag two water fill country dry-PERL walk-before, old-man said, waterhole far dry-INCHO-PAST just.in.case

evidence:
nganganjirrka 'just in case'; jilba-nyjiku 'before crossing' SUCC; marral dry (b111); bana-mabi waterhole (b115)


frame: construction
words_used: ["jiri", "nyaji-nyaji", "wungar-iji", "jarramali", "yalbay", "marri", "manil"]
status: revised
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:51:24.797791+00:00
english:
Watch the western sky always in the hot season, the old man warned, lest the great thunderstorm catch you far out on the open plain.

kuku:
Jiri kaba-wungar-a nyaji-nyaji wungar-iji-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, jarramali yalbay yundu bubu ngalkal-ba marri-ba mani-nyji.

analysis:
jiri kaba-wungar-a nyaji-nyaji wungar-iji-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, jarramali yalbay yundu bubu ngalkal-ba marri-ba mani-nyji | sky west-LOC keep-watching hot.season-LOC, old-man said, thunderstorm big you ground open(ngalkal)-LOC far-LOC catch-PRECAUT(lest)

evidence:
mani-nyji 'lest it catch you' PRECAUT; jarramali storm (b111); wungar-iji hot season (b111); jiri sky (b111)


frame: construction
words_used: ["nyubun", "madja", "junkurr", "balbi", "dunga", "kulji", "daral", "yirrkal", "kunka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Do not go hunting alone in the deep scrub, the old woman said, in case you fall on the rocks and no one is near to hear you call.

kuku:
Nyubun-bu madja junkurr-ba balbi-nka dunga kari, mukul-jalbu balkan, yundu kulji-ka daray bama kari ngundu yirrka nyaji-nka kunka.

analysis:
nyubun-bu madja junkurr-ba balbi-nka dunga kari, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yundu kulji-ka daray bama kari ngundu yirrka nyaji-nka kunka | alone scrub thick-LOC hunt-PURP go NEG, old-woman said, you rock-DAT fall person NEG near call hear-PURP might.be(in.case)

evidence:
kunka 'in case'; dara-l fall (b?); yirrka call (b114); nyaji-nka 'to hear' PURP; don't-hunt-alone caution


frame: construction
words_used: ["makarr", "kajal", "kajul", "ngara", "yira", "junkurr", "jalun", "jarra-kulba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Tie the fishing-net well to the mangrove root, the old woman said, lest the strong tide pull it loose and carry it away out to sea.

kuku:
Makarr ngulkurr kaja kajul ngara-ka, mukul-jalbu balkan, yira junkurr nyulu kulba jalun-ka jarra-kulba-nyji.

analysis:
makarr ngulkurr kaja kajul ngara-ka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yira junkurr nyulu kulba jalun-ka jarra-kulba-nyji | net well tie mangrove root-DAT, old-woman said, tide strong 3sg loosen sea-DAT carry-PRECAUT(lest)

evidence:
jarra-kulba-nyji 'lest it carry away' PRECAUT; makarr net (b107); kajul mangrove (b115); ngara root (b113); yira tide (b115)


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "bubu", "balka", "junkurr", "niji", "binal", "yalbay", "wulal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Teach the child the ways of the country while you are still strong, the old man said, lest he grow up not knowing them after you are gone.

kuku:
Karrkay bubu-mu balka yundu junkurr niji-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu binal-kari yalbay-ma-nyji yundu wula-nya-muny.

analysis:
karrkay bubu-mu balka yundu junkurr niji-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu binal-kari yalbay-ma-nyji yundu wula-nya-muny | child country-POSS tell you strong now-LOC, old-man said, 3sg know-PRIV grow-up-lest you die-SUB-ABL

evidence:
binal-kari 'not knowing' PRIV (b110); niji now (b111); yalbay-ma-nyji 'lest he grow up (knowledge-less)' PRECAUT+INCHO


frame: construction
words_used: ["minya", "nukal", "jiba-ngulkurr", "manil", "kabu", "yamba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
I would have eaten that meat gladly, the old man said, but by the time I found it, it had already gone rotten.

kuku:
Ngayu minya yinya nuka-nyaku jiba-ngulkurr, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba ngayu mani-nya-muny, minya kabu.

analysis:
ngayu minya yinya nuka-nyaku jiba-ngulkurr, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba ngayu mani-nya-muny buburr julbi-ba wawan, minya kabu | 1sg meat that eat-IRR gladly, old-man said, but 1sg get-SUB-ABL, meat rotten

evidence:
⭐nuka-nyaku 'would have eaten (but didn't)' IRREALIS; kabu rotten; yamba 'but' (b110); the canonical -nyaku frame


frame: construction
words_used: ["kadar", "balbi", "dunga", "wunkuwingku", "kaba", "yalbay", "daray", "kunbayn"]
status: revised
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:51:24.797791+00:00
english:
We would have gone hunting for wallaby at dawn, the old man said, but the heavy rain came down all day and did not stop until dark.

kuku:
Ngana kadar-ka balbi-nka dunga-nyaku wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba kaba yalbay wungar wubulku daray, kari kunbayn wujurr-muny.

analysis:
ngana kadar-ka balbi-nka dunga-nyaku wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba kaba yalbay wungar wubul-ku daray, kari kunbayn wujurr-muny | 1pl wallaby(kadar)-DAT hunt-PURP go-IRR dawn-LOC, old-man said, but rain big day all fall, NEG finish night-ABL

evidence:
dunga-nyaku 'would have gone' IRR; kadar wallaby (b105); kaba dara 'rain falls'; kunbayn finish (b114)


frame: construction
words_used: ["danbal", "yalbay", "dama", "mukul", "kalka", "karrirrangkal", "jarran", "dumbarril"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
He would have speared the big kingfish easily, the old man said, but just as he threw, the spear-shaft snapped on the sharp coral.

kuku:
Nyulu danbal yalbay dama-nyaku kadar, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba nyulu dama-nya-ba, kalka karrirrangkal jarran-ba dumbarri.

analysis:
nyulu danbal yalbay dama-nyaku kadar, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba nyulu dama-nya-ba, kalka karrirrangkal jarran-ba dumbarri | 3sg kingfish big spear-IRR easily, old-man said, but 3sg throw-SUB-LOC, spear coral sharp-LOC break

evidence:
dama-nyaku 'would have speared' IRR; danbal kingfish (b115); karrirrangkal coral (b115); dumbarri break (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["bana", "jarra-kulba", "baja-burray", "bambayal", "baka", "marri", "yamba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
She would have carried all the water back to the camp, the old woman said, but she was too tired after the long day of digging yams.

kuku:
Nyulu bana narmba bayan-ka jarra-kulba-nyaku, mukul-jalbu balkan, yamba nyulu baja-burray bajaku bambayal baka-nya marri-muny.

analysis:
nyulu bana narmba bayan-ka jarra-kulba-nyaku, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yamba nyulu baja-burray bajaku bambayal baka-nya marri-muny | 3sg water all camp-DAT carry-IRR, old-woman said, but 3sg tired very yam dig-SUB long.time-ABL

evidence:
jarra-kulba-nyaku 'would have carried' IRR; baja-burray tired; bambayal yam (b113); baka-l dig (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "bubu", "wulngku", "balka", "janka", "milka-janay", "wanarri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
The old man would have taught the boy the whole song of the country, but the boy would not sit still and listen, and ran off to play.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay bubu-mu wulngku narmba balka-nyaku, yamba karrkay janka bunda milka-janay kari, wanarri wawu-ma-nka.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay bubu-mu wulngku narmba balka-nyaku, yamba karrkay janka bunda milka-janay kari, wanarri wawu-ma-nka | old-man-ERG:pt child country-POSS song whole tell-IRR, but child quietly sit listen NEG, keep-running play-INCHO-PURP

evidence:
balka-nyaku 'would have taught' IRR; wulngku SONG (NOT mulngku wave! b115 guard); milka-janay listen (b109)


frame: construction
words_used: ["kuyu", "wubul", "manil", "wunkuwingku", "makarr", "ngulkurr", "bayan", "wandil"]
evidence: mani-nyaku 'would have caught' IRR; kuyu fish (b115); makarr net (b107); wunkuwingku morning (b111)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
I would have caught many fish in the creek that morning, the old man said, but I had left the good net hanging back at the camp.

kuku:
Ngayu kuyu wubul bana-jandu-ba mani-nyaku wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba ngayu makarr ngulkurr bayan-ka wandi-nya wuna.

analysis:
ngayu kuyu wubul bana-jandu-ba mani-nyaku wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba ngayu makarr ngulkurr bayan-ka wandi-nya wuna | 1sg fish many creek-LOC get-IRR morning-LOC, old-man said, but 1sg net good camp-DAT hang-SUB lie


frame: construction
words_used: ["bayan", "kala-kalbay", "kaday", "wujurr", "jalungkarr", "yalbay", "ngundu", "wunay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
They would have reached the far camp by nightfall, the old man said, but the flooded creek was too big to cross, and they slept on the near bank.

kuku:
Jana bayan kala-kalbay-ka kada-nyaku wujurr-ma-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba bana-jandu jalungkarr yalbay bajaku, jana ngundu-ba wuna.

analysis:
jana bayan kala-kalbay-ka kaday-nyaku wujurr-ma-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba bana-jandu jalungkarr yalbay bajaku, jana ngundu-ba wuna | 3pl camp far-DAT come-IRR dusk, old-man said, but creek flood big very, 3pl near-LOC lie(sleep)

evidence:
kaday-nyaku 'would have reached' IRR; jalungkarr flood (b116); too-big-to-cross; wujurr-ma-nya dusk (b111)


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "baja-burray", "wujurr", "wunay", "kaya", "ngumbu", "yirrkal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
The tired child would have slept right through the night, the old woman said, but the camp dogs barked and barked at something out in the dark.

kuku:
Karrkay baja-burray wujurr narmba wuna-nyaku, mukul-jalbu balkan, yamba kaya bayan-mu yirrka-yirrka ngumbu-ba yamba-nka.

analysis:
karrkay baja-burray wujurr narmba wuna-nyaku, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yamba kaya bayan-mu yirrka-yirrka ngumbu-ba yamba-nka | child tired night whole sleep-IRR, old-woman said, but dog camp-POSS keep-calling dark-LOC something-DAT

evidence:
wuna-nyaku 'would have slept' IRR; baja-burray tired; kaya dog; yirrka-yirrka keep-calling (b114 redup); ngumbu dark (b109)


frame: construction
words_used: ["ngamurr", "jiba-wulay", "juku", "nyajil", "kalbay", "dirka-dirka", "dakal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
We would have found the sweet honey in the hollow tree, the old man said, but the trunk was too tall and smooth and no one could climb it.

kuku:
Ngana ngamurr jiba-wulay juku bubu-mabi-ba nyaji-nyaku, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba juku kalbay bajaku dirka-dirka, bama kari daka.

analysis:
ngana ngamurr jiba-wulay juku bubu-mabi-ba nyaji-nyaku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba juku kalbay bajaku dirka-dirka, bama kari daka | 1pl honey sweet tree hollow-LOC find-IRR, old-man said, but tree tall very smooth(dirka-dirka), person NEG climb(daka)

evidence:
nyaji-nyaku 'would have found' IRR; ngamurr honey (b114); jiba-wulay sweet (b?); daka-l climb; dirka-dirka smooth; kari daka 'couldn't climb' NEG


frame: construction
words_used: ["ngawiya", "minya", "ngulkurr", "dajil", "dunga", "bubu", "yamba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
I would have given you a good share of the turtle meat, the old man said, but you had gone back to your own country far away.

kuku:
Ngayu yundu-nka ngawiya minya ngulkurr daji-nyaku, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba yundu bubu nyungu-mu-ka dunga-baja kala-kalbay-ka.

analysis:
ngayu yundu-nka ngawiya minya ngulkurr daji-nyaku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba yundu bubu nyungu-mu-ka dunga-baja kala-kalbay-ka | 1sg you-DAT sea.turtle meat good give-IRR, old-man said, but you country your-POSS-DAT go-again far-DAT

evidence:
daji-nyaku 'would have given' IRR; ngawiya turtle (b115); dunga-baja 'went back'; daji-l give; the missed-sharing


frame: construction
words_used: ["bambayal", "yalbay", "baka", "wungar", "marral", "junkurr", "dandi"]
status: revised
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:51:24.797791+00:00
english:
The old woman would have dug a big basket of yams that day, the old man said, but the ground was baked too hard by the long dry.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu-ngku bambayal ngunyin yalbay baka-nyaku yinya wungar-a, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba bubu marral-muny junkurr bajaku dandi-ma-n.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku bambayal ngunyin yalbay baka-nyaku yinya wungar-a, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba bubu marral-muny junkurr bajaku dandi-ma-n | old-woman-ERG:pt yam basket big dig-IRR that day-LOC, old-man said, but ground dry-ABL hard very stiff-INCHO-PAST

evidence:
baka-nyaku 'would have dug' IRR; bambayal yam (b113); baka-l dig (b113); dandi-ma-ny 'went hard' (dandi hard b114)


frame: construction
words_used: ["nguba", "dingkar", "wujurr", "niji", "ngawiya", "yalbay", "buri", "karrbal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Perhaps the men will come back tonight with a big turtle, the old woman said, so keep the fire burning and the ground-oven ready.

kuku:
Nguba dingkar-dingkar wujurr niji-ba ngawiya yalbay-jirr kada-baja, mukul-jalbu balkan, buri jarra karrba, bubu-kubu ngulkurr wandi.

analysis:
nguba dingkar-dingkar wujurr niji-ba ngawiya yalbay-jirr kaday-baja, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, buri jarra karrba, bubu-kubu ngulkurr wandi | perhaps man-REDUP night now-LOC sea.turtle big-COMIT come-again, old-woman said, fire burning keep, ground-oven good ready(put)

evidence:
⭐nguba 'perhaps' (l.5767, the preferred possibility marker); ngawiya turtle (b115); keep-the-fire-ready


frame: construction
words_used: ["nguba", "kaba", "wunkun", "daray", "ngurrban", "ngumbu", "junkurr", "manjal"]
evidence: nguba 'perhaps'; kaba rain; wunkun tomorrow (b111); ngurrban cloud (b111); reading-the-weather
status: revised
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:51:24.797791+00:00
english:
Perhaps it will rain tomorrow, the old man said, for the clouds are piling up black and heavy in the west over the far ranges.

kuku:
Nguba kaba wunkun daray, mukul-dingkar balkan, ngurrban ngumbu junkurr kaba-wungar-a manjal kala-kalbay-mu wangkar-a muru-ma-l.

analysis:
nguba kaba wunkun daray, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, ngurrban ngumbu junkurr kaba-wungar-a manjal kala-kalbay-mu wangkar-a muru-ma-l | perhaps rain tomorrow fall(daray), old-man said, cloud black heavy west-LOC mountain far-POSS above-LOC together-INCHO


frame: construction
words_used: ["nguba", "mukul", "jalbu", "binal", "wanja", "bana", "marral", "jilba", "warru"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Perhaps the old woman knows where the water is in this dry country, the young man said, for she walked all this land when she was a girl.

kuku:
Nguba mukul-jalbu binal wanja bana bubu marral yaluy-mba, warru balkan, nyulu bubu narmba jilba jalbu buban-nya.

analysis:
nguba mukul-jalbu binal wanja bana bubu marral yaluy-mba, warru balka-ny, nyulu bubu narmba jilba jalbu buban-nya | perhaps old-woman know where water country dry here-LOC, young.man said, 3sg country whole walk woman small-SUB(when)

evidence:
nguba 'perhaps'; binal know (b108); wanja where (b108); marral dry (b111); jalbu buban-nya 'when a girl' SUB


kuku: Balbi-bama bana-mabi-muny bana mani, ngunyin warmba, kala-kalbay-ka jilba-nyjiku wunkuwingku-ba.
frame: construction
words_used: ["balbi", "bama", "bana", "manil", "ngunyin", "warmba", "jilba", "wunkuwingku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
The hunter got water from the waterhole and filled his dilly-bag before he set out on the long walk at first light.

analysis:
balbi-bama bana-mabi-muny bana mani, ngunyin warmba, kala-kalbay-ka jilba-nyjiku wunkuwingku-ba | hunt-person waterhole-ABL water get, dilly.bag fill, far-DAT walk-before morning-LOC

evidence:
⭐jilba-nyjiku 'before walking' SUCCESSIVE; bana mani 'get water'; ngunyin dilly-bag (b107); bana-mabi waterhole (b115)


frame: construction
words_used: ["kuyu", "wajul", "wubulku", "dajil", "wujurr", "kaday", "nyubun", "bayan"]
evidence: kaday-nyjiku 'before night comes' SUCC; kuyu fish (b115); daji-l share; no-one-eats-alone law
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Cook the fish and share it out to everyone before the night comes down, the old woman said, for no one eats alone in this camp.

kuku:
Kuyu waju, bama wubulku-nka daji wujurr kada-nyjiku, mukul-jalbu balkan, kari bama nyubun-bu nuka bayan yaluy-mba.

analysis:
kuyu waju, bama wubul-ku-nka daji wujurr kaday-nyjiku, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kari bama nyubun-bu nuka bayan yaluy-mba | fish cook, person all-DAT give(share) night come-before, old-woman said, NEG person alone eat camp here-LOC


kuku: Karrkay-karrkay narmba nuka, wuna warngku-wuna, mukul-bama balka-muny kada-nyjiku wujurr-ba.
frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "narmba", "nukal", "wunay", "mukul", "bama", "balka", "kaday"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
The children ate their fill and lay down to sleep before the old people came back from the meeting in the dark.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay narmba nuka, wuna warngku-wuna, mukul-bama balka-muny kaday-nyjiku wujurr-ba | child-REDUP full eat, lie sleep, old-person talk-ABL come-before night-LOC

evidence:
kaday-nyjiku 'before they came' SUCC; narmba full/whole; warngku-wuna sleep; balka-muny 'from the talking'


frame: construction
words_used: ["julul", "kiju", "wubulku", "bangka", "yira", "nyunbay", "dulngku", "bila"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Gather all the oysters and crabs you can before the tide turns and comes back fast over the flat reef, the old woman said.

kuku:
Julul kiju-jirr wubulku bangka yira nyunba-nyjiku, yira bila dulngku ngalkal-burr kaday, mukul-jalbu balkan.

analysis:
julul kiju-jirr wubul-ku bangka yira nyunba kaday-baja-nyjiku, yira bila dulngku ngalkal-burr kaday, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | oyster crab-COMIT all gather tide turn.back-before, tide fast reef flat-PERL come, old-woman said

evidence:
nyunba-nyjiku 'before the tide turns' SUCC; julul oyster (b115); kiju crab (b115); yira tide (b115); bangka gather (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["nguba", "karrkay", "baja-burray", "bambay", "mukul", "niji", "wunay", "wunkuwingku"]
evidence: nguba 'perhaps'; baja-burray tired vs bambay sick; kari bambay 'not sick' NEG (b110); wait-and-see
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Perhaps the child is only tired from the long day, not sick, the old woman said, so let her sleep now and we will see in the morning.

kuku:
Nguba karrkay baja-burray nyubun-bu marri-muny, kari bambay, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu niji wuna, ngana wunkuwingku-ba nyaji.

analysis:
nguba karrkay baja-burray nyubun-bu marri-muny, kari bambay, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu niji wuna, ngana wunkuwingku-ba nyaji | perhaps child tired only long.time-ABL, NEG sick, old-woman said, 3sg now sleep, 1pl morning-LOC see


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaba", "wungar", "marral", "kalbay-muny", "daray", "dakuy", "wunay", "yamba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
If it had not rained that long-ago dry year, the old woman said, we would all have gone hungry, but the country always looked after us.

kuku:
Kaba yinya wungar marral kalbay-muny daray kari-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, ngana narmba dakuy wuna-nyaku, yamba bubu ngana nyaji-nyaji marri.

analysis:
kaba yinya wungar marral kalbay-muny daray kari-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, ngana narmba dakuy wuna-nyaku, yamba bubu ngana nyaji-nyaji marri | rain that year dry long.ago-ABL fall(daray) NEG-SUB, old-woman said, 1pl all hungry lie-IRR, but country us keep-watching long.time

evidence:
PAST conditional = juxtaposition + IRR (l.5111): 'kaba...dara kari-nya... wuna-nyaku'; kalbay-muny long-ago; kaba rain


frame: construction
words_used: ["buri", "yalbay", "ngiki", "wunkuwingku", "wulal", "bayan", "yararri", "bila"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
When the big fire finally went out in the cold before dawn, the old man said, the whole camp felt the sharp cold and built it up again quickly.

kuku:
Buri yalbay ngiki-ba wunkuwingku kariku wula-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, bayan narmba yararri ngiki junkurr-mu, buri-baja bila bunga.

analysis:
buri yalbay ngiki-ba wunkuwingku kariku wula-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bayan narmba yararri ngiki junkurr-mu, buri-baja bila bunga | fire big cold-LOC dawn before die-SUB(when), old-man said, camp all shiver(yararri) cold strong-ABL, fire-again fast make

evidence:
PAST temporal juxtaposition (wula-nya 'when it went out' SUB); ngiki cold; yararri shiver; buri-baja 'the fire again' (-baja b114)


frame: construction
words_used: ["nguba", "kuyu", "bana", "dajali", "ngiki", "wunay", "wungar", "wawan"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
Perhaps the fish are lying deep down in the cold of the big pool now, the old man said, for they hide from the sun in the heat of the day.

kuku:
Nguba kuyu bana dajali janka-ba ngiki-ba wuna niji, mukul-dingkar balkan, jana wungar-muny wawan wungar wangkar-wangkar-a.

analysis:
nguba kuyu bana dajali janka-ba ngiki-ba wuna niji, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, jana wungar-muny wawan wungar wangkar-wangkar-a | perhaps fish water deep still-LOC cold-LOC lie now, old-man said, 3pl sun-ABL hide sun midday-LOC

evidence:
nguba 'perhaps'; kuyu fish (b115); dajali deep (b112); wungar wangkar-wangkar midday (b111); reading-the-fish


frame: construction
words_used: ["yala", "mukul", "karrkay", "milka", "dajil", "kaki", "nguba", "kari", "kanbal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.85
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T21:45:00.382895+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T21:46:26.004930+00:00
english:
So the old man gave the boy the whole shape of thinking: if you do this, that follows; do this lest that happen; perhaps it will, perhaps not — but always leave enough behind.

kuku:
Yala mukul-dingkarangka karrkay-nka milka narmba daji: kaki yundu yala-ku, yinya kaday; yala-ku, yinya kada-nyji; nguba, nguba kari — yamba kanbal wuna-baja wubulku.

analysis:
yala mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay-nka milka narmba daji: kaki yundu yala-ku, yinya kaday; yala-ku, yinya kada-nyji; nguba, nguba kari — yamba kanbal wuna-baja wubul-ku | thus old-man-ERG:pt child-DAT thinking whole give: if you like-this, that come; like-this, that come-lest; perhaps, perhaps not — but some leave-again always

evidence:
⭐ties it together: kaki 'if' + -nyji 'lest' + nguba 'perhaps'/nguba kari 'perhaps not' + kanbal wuna 'leave enough'; milka mind/thinking (b109)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kuyir", "wujurr", "ngumbu", "yirrkal", "marri", "jiba-badi", "karrkay", "walu", "wandil"]
evidence: ⭐kuyir 'bush curlew'; yirrka cry/call (b114); jiba-badi sad (b109 emotion); the curlew's night-wail
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The bush curlew cries out in the black of the night, the old woman said, a long sad wailing call, and the children pull the blankets over their heads.

kuku:
Kuyir wujurr ngumbu-ba yirrka, mukul-jalbu balkan, yirrka marri jiba-badi, karrkay-karrkay bilangkurr walu-ba wandi.

analysis:
kuyir wujurr ngumbu-ba yirrka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yirrka marri jiba-badi, karrkay-karrkay bilangkurr walu-ba wandi | bush.curlew night black-LOC cry, old-woman said, cry long sad, child-REDUP blanket face-LOC pull(put)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kururrungka", "wunkuwingku", "yajarril", "junkurr", "bayan", "bama", "balkal", "wungar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The kookaburra laughs its loud laugh at first light, the old man said, waking the whole camp, and the people say the day has come.

kuku:
Kururrungka wunkuwingku-ba yajarri junkurr, mukul-dingkar balkan, bayan narmba kulbul-mani, bama balka wungar kada-nya.

analysis:
kururrungka wunkuwingku-ba yajarri junkurr, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bayan narmba kulbul-mani, bama balka wungar kaday-nya | kookaburra dawn-LOC laugh loud, old-man said, camp all wake-CAUS, person say day come-SUB

evidence:
⭐kururrungka 'kookaburra'; yajarri laugh (b112); wunkuwingku dawn (b111); the kookaburra as the dawn-clock


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jarruka", "birra", "bubu", "yalbay", "karrkay", "julbi", "dajali", "kabu", "wumbul", "karrbal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The scrub hen scratches up a great mound of leaves and earth, the old man said, and lays her young deep inside where the rotting leaves keep them warm.

kuku:
Jarruka birra bubu-jirr yalbay bubu-mabi baka, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyungu karrkay julbi dajali-ba wandi, birra kabu wumbul karrba.

analysis:
jarruka birra bubu-jirr yalbay bubu-mabi baka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyungu karrkay julbi dajali-ba wandi, birra kabu wumbul karrba | scrub.hen leaf earth-COMIT big mound scratch(dig), old-man said, her young inside deep-LOC put(lay), leaf rotten warm keep

evidence:
jarruka 'scrub hen' (b113); birra leaf (b113); julbi inside (b109); kabu rotten (b116); the megapode mound


frame: lexical
words_used: ["diwan", "madja", "birra", "jurrki", "diburr", "minya", "wandul", "nukal", "kaba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The scrub turkey rakes the forest floor all day looking for seeds and insects, the old woman said, and it is fat and good to eat in the wet season.

kuku:
Diwan madja bada wungar wubulku birra jurrki-jurrki diburr minya-jirr nyaji, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu wandul ngulkurr nuka-nka kaba-wungar-a.

analysis:
diwan madja bada wungar wubul-ku birra jurrki-jurrki diburr minya-jirr nyaji, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu wandul ngulkurr nuka-nka kaba-wungar-a | scrub.turkey scrub floor day all leaf turn-REDUP seed insect-COMIT look, old-woman said, 3sg fat good eat-PURP wet.season-LOC

evidence:
diwan 'scrub turkey' (b115); jurrki-jurrki keep-turning (b114); diburr seed (b113); wandul fat (b109); kaba-wungar wet season


frame: lexical
words_used: ["dawadawa", "wunkuwingku", "wulngku", "ngulkurr", "yirrkal", "buyi", "junkurr", "kaya", "kanga"]
evidence: ⭐dawadawa 'magpie'; wulngku song (b115); buyi bird; kanga-l chase (b116 sweep); kaya dog (b116)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The magpie sings a beautiful song in the morning, the old woman said, and it is a bold bird that will chase even the dog away from its nest-tree.

kuku:
Dawa-dawa wunkuwingku-ba wulngku ngulkurr yirrka, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu buyi junkurr, kaya juku nyungu-mu-muny kanga.

analysis:
dawa-dawa wunkuwingku-ba wulngku ngulkurr yirrka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu buyi junkurr, kaya juku nyungu-mu-muny kanga | magpie dawn-LOC song good sing(cry), old-woman said, 3sg bird bold(strong), dog tree its-POSS-ABL chase


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kalbu", "buyi", "binal", "minya", "manil", "kaki", "muku", "yindu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The black crow is a clever bird, the old man said, and it will steal the meat right off the drying-rack if the people turn their backs.

kuku:
Kalbu buyi binal-binal, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu minya juku-ba wandi-nya-muny mani, kaki bama muku yindu-mal.

analysis:
kalbu buyi binal-binal, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu minya juku-ba wandi-nya-muny mani, kaki bama muku yindu-mal | crow bird clever, old-man said, 3sg meat rack-LOC hang-SUB-ABL take(steal), if person back turn(become-other)

evidence:
⭐kalbu 'black crow'; binal-binal 'clever' (binal know b108); clever-crow-steals; kaki 'if' (b116); muku back (b109); crow-the-thief


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bulnja", "dakil", "dumbarril", "janka", "bundal", "yala", "juku", "wulal", "nyajil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The frogmouth sits so still on a broken branch all day, the old man said, that it looks just like a dead tree, and no one sees it at all.

kuku:
Bulnja dakil dumbarri-nya-ba wungar wubulku janka bajaku bunda, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu yala juku wula-nya, bama kari nyaji.

analysis:
bulnja dakil dumbarri-nya-ba wungar wubul-ku janka bajaku bunda, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu yala juku wula-nya, bama kari nyaji | frogmouth branch break-SUB-LOC day all still very sit, old-man said, 3sg like tree die-SUB, person NEG see

evidence:
⭐bulnja 'frogmouth'; dakil branch (b113); yala 'like a dead stump' (b112); the frogmouth's camouflage


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kurrbal", "bubu", "ngalkal", "jikan", "janka", "jilba", "walu", "bila", "wanarri", "balbi"]
evidence: kurrbal 'plain turkey'; janka quietly; walu head/face (b109); wanarri run (b114); bila fast (b112)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The plain turkey walks slowly across the open grassland with its head held high, the old woman said, but it runs very fast when a hunter comes near.

kuku:
Kurrbal bubu ngalkal jikan-ba janka jilba, walu jarra-jarra-ba karrba, mukul-jalbu balkan, yamba bila bajaku wanarri balbi-bama ngundu kada-nya.

analysis:
kurrbal bubu ngalkal jikan-ba janka jilba, walu jarra-jarra-ba karrba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yamba bila bajaku wanarri balbi-bama ngundu kaday-nya | plain.turkey ground open grass-LOC quietly walk, head high-LOC hold, old-woman said, but fast very run hunt-person near come-SUB


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "buyi", "yirrkal", "balkal", "madja", "miyil", "nyubun", "burri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old man taught the boy every bird's call, so that even in the thick scrub with his eyes shut he could name each one by its voice alone.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay buyi wubulku-mu yirrka balkan, madja junkurr-ba miyil nandal-nya-ba nyulu buyi nyubun-nyubun yirrka-bu nyubun-bu burri.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay buyi wubul-ku-mu yirrka balka-ny, madja junkurr-ba miyil nandal-nya-ba nyulu buyi nyubun-nyubun yirrka-bu nyubun-bu burri | old-man-ERG:pt child bird all-POSS call teach, scrub thick-LOC eye close(nandal)-SUB-LOC 3sg bird each call-INST alone name

evidence:
buyi bird + yirrka call; madja scrub (b113); miyil eye (b109); burri name (b109); naming-birds-by-voice


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kalkuy", "wujurr", "ngumbu", "janka", "balbi", "nangki", "kima", "minya", "milka-janay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The owl hunts silently through the black night on soft wide wings, the old man said, and the little bush creatures never hear it coming at all.

kuku:
Kalkuy wujurr ngumbu-ba janka bajaku balbi nangki yalbay kima-bu, mukul-dingkar balkan, minya buban madja-mu kari milka-janay nyulu kada-nya.

analysis:
kalkuy wujurr ngumbu-ba janka bajaku balbi nangki yalbay kima-bu, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, minya buban madja-mu kari milka-janay nyulu kaday-nya | owl night black-LOC quietly very hunt wing big soft-INST, old-man said, game small scrub-POSS NEG hear 3sg come-SUB

evidence:
⭐kalkuy 'owl/night owl'; nangki wing; kima soft (b114); milka-janay hear/listen (b109); silent-flight


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jangkan", "jiri", "wujurr", "jurrki", "wanarri", "muru", "minya", "marra-warri", "manil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The swift birds wheel and dart high in the evening sky in a great turning cloud, the old woman said, catching the small insects on the wing.

kuku:
Jangkan jiri-ba wujurr-ma-nya karrkan-ba jurrki wanarri wubul muru-ma-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, minya buban marra-warri-nya-ba mani.

analysis:
jangkan jiri-ba wujurr-ma-nya karrkan-ba jurrki wanarri wubul muru-ma-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, minya buban marra-warri-nya-ba mani | swift sky-LOC dusk high-LOC wheel dart many together-SUB, old-woman said, insect small fly-SUB-LOC catch

evidence:
jangkan 'swift'; jiri sky (b111); marra-warri fly (b116); jurrki wheel (b103); catching-insects-on-the-wing


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bulnja", "kalkuy", "kuyir", "buyi", "wujurr", "yirrkal", "buyun", "yararri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The frogmouth and the owl and the curlew are all birds of the night, the old man said, and to hear all three calling at once is a bad and frightening sign.

kuku:
Bulnja kalkuy kuyir-jirr wubulku buyi wujurr-mu, mukul-dingkar balkan, jana jambulu-nyubun yirrka nyaji-nya buyun bajaku yararri-jirr.

analysis:
bulnja kalkuy kuyir-jirr wubul-ku buyi wujurr-mu, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, jana jambulu-nyubun yirrka nyaji-nya buyun bajaku yararri-jirr | frogmouth owl curlew-COMIT all bird night-POSS, old-man said, 3pl three-together cry hear-SUB bad very fear-COMIT

evidence:
the three night-birds together (a bad/frightening thing); buyun bad (b?); yararri fear/shiver (b116); wanka 'sign/omen'; night-bird omen


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The children love to watch the kookaburra dive down from its branch and snatch a small snake, the old woman said, and carry it off in its strong beak.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay kururrungka nyaji-nyaji dakil-muny bada daray jarba buban mani, mukul-jalbu balkan, ngandal junkurr-bu jarra-kulba.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay kururrungka nyaji-nyaji dakil-muny bada daray jarba buban mani, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, ngandal junkurr-bu jarra-kulba | child-REDUP kookaburra keep-watching branch-ABL down fall snake small catch, old-woman said, mouth(beak) strong-INST carry

words_used:
["karrkay", "kururrungka", "nyaji-nyaji", "dakil", "daray", "jarba", "manil", "ngandal", "jarra-kulba"]

evidence:
kururrungka kookaburra; daray fall/dive (b116); jarba snake (b115); ngandal mouth/beak (b109); jarra-kulba carry (b113)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kurranji", "buyi", "yalbay", "madja", "kalka", "bama", "yararri", "jina", "kunil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The cassowary is the great bird of the rainforest, the old man said, taller than a man, and it must be feared, for one kick of its foot can kill.

kuku:
Kurranji buyi yalbay madja-mu, mukul-dingkar balkan, kalka bama-muny, yararri-jirr, nyungu jina nyubun-bu bama kuni.

analysis:
kurranji buyi yalbay madja-mu, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kalka bama-muny, yararri-jirr, nyungu jina nyubun-bu bama kuni | cassowary bird big rainforest-POSS, old-man said, tall person-ABL(than), fear-COMIT, its foot one-INST person kill

evidence:
⭐kurranji 'cassowary'; kalka bama-muny 'taller than a man' (comparison b112); yararri fear (b116); jina foot (b109)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kurranji", "mayi", "madja", "daray", "nukal", "diburr", "jarra-kulba", "juku", "wandil"]
evidence: kurranji cassowary; diburr seed (b113); the cassowary as forest-planter; jarra-kulba carry (b113)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The cassowary eats the fallen rainforest fruit and carries the big seeds far through the scrub, the old man said, so it plants the forest as it walks.

kuku:
Kurranji mayi madja-mu bubu-ba dara-nya nuka, diburr yalbay madja junkurr-burr jarra-kulba, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu juku madja jilba-nya-ba wandi.

analysis:
kurranji mayi madja-mu bubu-ba dara-nya nuka, diburr yalbay madja junkurr-burr jarra-kulba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu juku madja jilba-nya-ba wandi | cassowary fruit rainforest-POSS ground-LOC fall-SUB eat, seed big scrub thick-PERL carry, old-man said, 3sg tree scrub walk-SUB-LOC plant(put)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kadanji", "wubul", "jiri", "marra-warri", "yirrkal", "junkurr", "mukul", "kaba", "nyiku-nyiku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The black cockatoos fly over in a screeching flock in the late afternoon, the old woman said, and the old people say that means rain is coming soon.

kuku:
Kadanji wubul jiri-ba wungar wujurr-ma-nya-ka marra-warri yirrka junkurr, mukul-jalbu balkan, mukul-bama balka kaba nyiku-nyiku kada-nya.

analysis:
kadanji wubul jiri-ba wungar wujurr-ma-nya-ka marra-warri yirrka junkurr, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, mukul-bama balka kaba nyiku-nyiku kaday-nya | black.cockatoo many sky-LOC sun dusk-DAT fly cry loud, old-woman said, old-person say rain soon come-SUB

evidence:
⭐kadanji 'black cockatoo'; marra-warri fly (b116); cockatoos-mean-rain omen; nyiku-nyiku soon (b111)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrambil", "buyi", "ngala-ngala", "juku", "wangkar", "janka", "binanji", "junda", "nukal"]
evidence: ⭐karrambil 'king parrot'; ngala-ngala red; binanji fig (b113); junda plum (b113); canopy-feeding
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The king parrot is a bird of bright red, the old man said, and it moves quietly through the canopy eating the small figs and berries.

kuku:
Karrambil buyi ngala-ngala balbal-jirr, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu juku wangkar-a janka jilba binanji junda buban nuka.

analysis:
karrambil buyi ngala-ngala balbal-jirr, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu juku wangkar-a janka jilba binanji junda buban nuka | king.parrot bird red bright-COMIT, old-man said, 3sg tree top-LOC quietly move(walk) fig plum small eat


frame: lexical
words_used: ["birrbirr", "wubul", "juku", "nganka", "yirrkal", "muru", "ngamurr", "jiba-wulay", "narmba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The rainbow lorikeets come in a noisy screaming crowd to the flowering tree, the old woman said, and they drink the sweet nectar until they are full.

kuku:
Birrbirr wubul juku nganka-jirr-ka yirrka junkurr muru kaday, mukul-jalbu balkan, jana ngamurr jiba-wulay nganka-mu nuka narmba.

analysis:
birrbirr wubul juku nganka-jirr-ka yirrka junkurr muru kaday, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jana ngamurr jiba-wulay nganka-mu nuka narmba | lorikeet many tree flower-COMIT-DAT cry loud together come, old-woman said, 3pl nectar sweet flower-POSS eat full

evidence:
⭐birrbirr 'lorikeet/parrot'; nganka flower (b116); ngamurr nectar/honey (b114); the drunk-on-nectar lorikeets


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jurriyam", "juku", "buban", "bunga", "kulji", "balbal", "jalbu", "nangki", "junda", "bajibay"]
evidence: ⭐jurriyam 'bower bird'; yanyul-bubu 'play-place' (bower); the bower-display
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The bower bird builds a little playground of sticks and lays out shining things to please its mate, the old man said, bright feathers and berries and white bones.

kuku:
Jurriyan juku buban-jirr yanyul-bubu bunga, kulji junda balbal-jirr wandi jalbu-nka ngulkurr-mani, mukul-dingkar balkan, nangki balbal-jirr junda bajibay balbal-jirr.

analysis:
jurriyan juku buban-jirr yanyul-bubu bunga, kulji junda balbal-jirr wandi jalbu-nka ngulkurr-mani, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nangki balbal-jirr junda bajibay balbal-jirr | bower.bird stick small-COMIT play-place make, stone berry bright-COMIT put woman(mate)-DAT good-CAUS, old-man said, feather(wing) bright-COMIT berry bone white-COMIT


frame: lexical
words_used: ["dabuy", "dakil", "bana-jandu", "janka", "bundal", "yala", "kalka", "daray", "kuyu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The kingfisher sits very still on a low branch over the still creek, the old man said, then dives like a fast spear and comes up with a small fish.

kuku:
Dabuy dakil bada-ba bana-jandu janka wangkar-a janka bajaku bunda, mukul-dingkar balkan, yinyamun yala kalka bila bada daray, kuyu buban-jirr wandi.

analysis:
dabuy dakil bada-ba bana-jandu janka wangkar-a janka bajaku bunda, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yinyamun yala kalka bila bada daray, kuyu buban-jirr wandi | kingfisher branch low-LOC creek still above-LOC still very sit, old-man said, then like spear fast down dive(fall), fish small-COMIT rise

evidence:
⭐dabuy 'kingfisher'; yala kalka bila 'like a fast spear' (b112); daray dive/fall (b116); the kingfisher's dive


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bakamu", "birra", "nyajil", "yala", "yirrkal", "bada", "kima", "balkal"]
evidence: bakamu 'green pigeon'; yala birra 'like the leaves' (b112); kima soft (b114)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The green pigeon is hard to see among the leaves, the old woman said, for it is the very colour of the canopy, but its low soft cooing gives it away.

kuku:
Bakamu birra-ba nyaji buyun, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu yala birra, yamba nyungu yirrka bada kima nyulu balka.

analysis:
bakamu birra-ba nyaji buyun, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu yala birra, yamba nyungu yirrka bada kima nyulu balka | green.pigeon leaf-LOC see hard, old-woman said, 3sg like leaf, but its call low soft 3sg tell(give.away)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["juku-juku", "bana-mabi", "wujurr", "balbi", "bama", "ngundu", "janka", "bundal", "kalka"]
evidence: juku-juku 'bronzewing dove'; bana-mabi waterhole (b115); kalka spear (b107); the dove-hunt
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The bronzewing dove comes down to the waterhole to drink at dusk, the old man said, and the hunter waits quiet and still nearby with his throwing-stick.

kuku:
Juku-juku bana-mabi-ka bana-nka kaday wujurr-ma-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, balbi-bama ngundu janka bunda karrba, nyungu kalka-bu.

analysis:
juku-juku bana-mabi-ka bana-nka kaday wujurr-ma-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, balbi-bama ngundu janka bunda karrba, nyungu kalka-bu | bronzewing.dove waterhole-DAT water-PURP come dusk, old-man said, hunt-person near quietly sit hold, his spear-INST


frame: lexical
words_used: ["dabuy", "kuludu", "juku", "bubu-mabi", "karrkan", "jikan", "kima", "julbi", "karrkay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The kingfisher and the dove both nest in a hole high in a dead tree, the old woman said, and they line the hollow with soft grass for their young.

kuku:
Dabuy kuludu-jirr jambulu juku wula-nya bubu-mabi karrkan-ba wuna, mukul-jalbu balkan, jana jikan kima julbi-ba wandi karrkay-nka.

analysis:
dabuy kuludu-jirr jambulu juku wula-nya bubu-mabi karrkan-ba wuna, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jana jikan kima julbi-ba wandi karrkay-nka | kingfisher dove-COMIT both tree die-SUB hole high-LOC lie(nest), old-woman said, 3pl grass soft inside-LOC put young-DAT

evidence:
dabuy kingfisher + kuludu dove; bubu-mabi 'hole' (b115); jikan grass; julbi inside (b109); tree-hollow nest


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "buyi", "binal", "kadanji", "yirrkal", "kaba", "jurriyam", "bulur"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old woman knows the season by the birds, the old man said: when the black cockatoo calls the wet is coming, and when the bower bird displays the cold time is near.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu wungar-jarra buyi-bu binal, mukul-dingkar balkan: kadanji yirrka-nya kaba kada-nya, jurriyan yanyul-nya bulur-iji ngundu-nya.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu wungar-jarra buyi-bu binal, mukul-dingkar balka-ny: kadanji yirrka-nya kaba kaday-nya, jurriyan yanyul-nya bulur-iji ngundu-nya | old-woman season bird-INST know, old-man said: black.cockatoo cry-SUB rain come-SUB, bower.bird display-SUB cold.season near-SUB

evidence:
reading-the-season-by-birds; kadanji cockatoo; jurriyam bower bird; bulur-iji cold season (b111); bird-calendar


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mabal", "kambal-kambal", "kulji", "bada", "wandil", "bubu", "kaba", "nyubun"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The little swallows build their mud nests up under the rock overhang, the old woman said, and they come back to the very same place every wet season.

kuku:
Mabal buban kambal-kambal-mu buyi-bubu kulji bada-ba wandi, mukul-jalbu balkan, jana bubu nyubun-ka kada-baja kaba-wungar nyubun-nyubun.

analysis:
mabal buban kambal-kambal-mu buyi-bubu kulji bada-ba wandi, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jana bubu nyubun-ka kaday-baja kaba-wungar nyubun-nyubun | swallow small mud-POSS bird-place rock below-LOC put(build), old-woman said, 3pl place one-DAT come-again wet.season each

evidence:
⭐mabal 'swallow'; buyi-bubu 'nest' (bird-place); kambal-kambal mud (b115); the swallows' return each wet


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jurriyan", "nangki", "balbal", "ngumbu", "yala", "bana", "dajali", "kuru"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The satin bower bird's feathers shine deep glossy black like still deep water, the old man said, and it loves everything dark and steals it for its bower.

kuku:
Jurriyan-mu nangki balbal ngumbu yala bana dajali janka, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu ngumbu wubulku kuru-jirr, yanyul-bubu-nka mani.

analysis:
jurriyan-mu nangki balbal ngumbu yala bana dajali janka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu ngumbu wubul-ku kuru-jirr, yanyul-bubu-nka mani | satin.bower.bird-POSS feather shine black like water deep still, old-man said, 3sg dark all love-COMIT, play-place-DAT take(steal)

evidence:
jurriyan 'satin bower bird'; nangki feather/wing; ngumbu 'glossy black'; kuru-jirr 'with love' (b109/b116)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "jurriyam", "juku", "madja", "nyajil", "kulji", "junda", "balbal", "bangka"]
evidence: jurriyam bower bird; juku-jandu 'stick-avenue' (bower); bangka-l gather (b113); the decorated bower
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The children found the bower bird's little avenue of sticks in the scrub, the old woman said, all decorated with shining stones and berries it had gathered.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay jurriyan-mu juku-jandu buban madja-ba nyajin, mukul-jalbu balkan, kulji junda balbal-jirr wubulku nyulu bangka-nya-ba.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay jurriyan-mu juku-jandu buban madja-ba nyaji-ny, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kulji junda balbal-jirr wubul-ku nyulu bangka-nya-ba | child-REDUP bower.bird-POSS stick-avenue small scrub-LOC see-PAST, old-woman said, stone berry bright-COMIT all 3sg gather-SUB-LOC


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kulbal", "muru", "jurbu", "bubu", "ngalkal", "jalungkarr", "kunbayn", "nangki", "yalbay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The brolgas dance together on the open floodplain at the end of the wet season, the old woman said, rising and bowing and spreading their great wings.

kuku:
Kulbal muru jurbu bubu ngalkal jalungkarr-mu-ba kaba-wungar kunbayn-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, jana wandi bada-ma-l, nangki yalbay ngalkal-ma-l.

analysis:
kulbal muru jurbu bubu ngalkal jalungkarr-mu-ba kaba-wungar kunbayn-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jana wandi bada-ma-l, nangki yalbay ngalkal-ma-l | brolga together dance ground open floodplain-POSS-LOC wet.season finish-SUB, old-woman said, 3pl rise bow(go.down), wing big spread(open)

evidence:
⭐kulbal 'brolga'; jurbu dance (b116); jalungkarr floodplain (b116); nangki wing; kunbayn finish (b114); the brolga dance


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jamarbina", "wubul", "jiri", "karra", "marra-warri", "wunkuwingku", "daburr", "marral", "dunga"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The wild geese fly over in a great long line honking in the morning, the old man said, going from the drying swamp to the big lagoon in the north.

kuku:
Jamarbina wubul jiri-ba karra marri-ba marra-warri yirrka wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, daburr marral-ma-nya-muny bana yalbay-ka jarba-warra dunga.

analysis:
jamarbina wubul jiri-ba karra marri-ba marra-warri yirrka wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, daburr marral-ma-nya-muny bana yalbay-ka jarba-warra dunga | goose many sky-LOC line long-LOC fly cry morning-LOC, old-man said, swamp dry-INCHO-SUB-ABL water big-DAT north-DIR go

evidence:
⭐jamarbina 'goose'; karra line/string; daburr swamp (b?); the goose migration; marral-ma-nya 'drying'


frame: lexical
words_used: ["birmba", "jikan", "duna", "jilba", "kambal-kambal", "ngandal", "marri", "bakal", "jimu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The straw-necked ibis walks through the wet grass probing the mud with its long beak, the old woman said, eating the grasshoppers and small creatures.

kuku:
Birmba jikan duna-ba jilba kambal-kambal ngandal marri-bu baka, mukul-jalbu balkan, jimu minya buban-jirr nuka.

analysis:
birmba jikan duna-ba jilba kambal-kambal ngandal marri-bu baka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jimu minya buban-jirr nuka | ibis grass wet-LOC walk mud beak long-INST probe(dig), old-woman said, grasshopper creature small-COMIT eat

evidence:
⭐birmba 'straw-necked ibis'; duna wet (b115); ngandal beak (b109); baka-l probe (b113); jimu grasshopper; kambal-kambal mud (b115)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["juril-juril", "jukar", "duna", "mulngku", "wanarri", "jina", "bila", "kiju", "kanga"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The seashore plover runs along the wet sand at the edge of the waves, the old man said, quick little steps chasing the small crabs the tide leaves behind.

kuku:
Juril-juril jukar duna-ba mulngku ngandal-ba wanarri, mukul-dingkar balkan, jina buban bila-bu kiju buban yira wuna-nya-ba kanga.

analysis:
juril-juril jukar duna-ba mulngku ngandal-ba wanarri, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, jina buban bila-bu kiju buban yira wuna-nya-ba kanga | plover sand wet-LOC wave edge(mouth)-LOC run, old-man said, foot small fast-INST crab small tide leave-SUB-LOC chase

evidence:
juril-juril 'seashore plover' (b115); mulngku wave (b115); kiju crab (b115); kanga chase (b116); the shore-running plover


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kulbal", "jina", "nyubun", "bana", "bundal", "marri", "janka", "kuyu", "nyaji-nyaji"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old man said the brolga stands on one leg in the shallow water for a long time, so still, watching for the small fish and the water insects.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: kulbal jina nyubun-bu bana buban-ba bunda marri, janka bajaku, kuyu buban minya bana-mu-jirr nyaji-nyaji.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: kulbal jina nyubun-bu bana buban-ba bunda marri, janka bajaku, kuyu buban minya bana-mu-jirr nyaji-nyaji | old-man said: brolga leg one-INST water shallow-LOC stand(sit) long, still very, fish small insect water-POSS-COMIT keep-watching

evidence:
kulbal brolga; jina nyubun-bu 'on one leg'; nyaji-nyaji keep-watching (b114); the still-standing brolga


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jamarbina", "binal", "kaba", "kunbayn", "bama", "muru", "yirrkal", "bana-mabi"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old woman said the geese know the wet season is ending before the people do, and they gather in great noisy crowds on the shrinking waterholes.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: jamarbina binal kaba-wungar kunbayn-nya bama-muny nyiku, jana muru wubul yirrka junkurr bana-mabi buban-ma-nya-ba.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: jamarbina binal kaba-wungar kunbayn-nya bama-muny nyiku, jana muru wubul yirrka junkurr bana-mabi buban-ma-nya-ba | old-woman said: goose know wet.season finish-SUB person-ABL(before) early, 3pl together many cry loud waterhole small-INCHO-SUB-LOC

evidence:
jamarbina goose; binal know (b108); kunbayn finish (b114); the geese-know-the-season; bana-mabi waterhole (b115)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["dabuy", "kajul", "yalbay", "bana-jandu", "kiju", "minya", "jukar", "ngajal", "nukal"]
evidence: dabuy kingfisher; kajul mangrove (b115); comparison 'bigger than' (b112); ngajal low tide (b115)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The kingfisher of the mangroves is bigger than the creek kingfisher, the old man said, and it eats the little crabs and mudskippers on the tidal flats.

kuku:
Dabuy kajul-mu yalbay dabuy bana-jandu-mu-muny, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu kiju buban minya jukar-mu-jirr ngajal-ba nuka.

analysis:
dabuy kajul-mu yalbay dabuy bana-jandu-mu-muny, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu kiju buban minya jukar-mu-jirr ngajal-ba nuka | kingfisher mangrove-POSS big kingfisher creek-POSS-ABL(than), old-man said, 3sg crab small creature sand-POSS-COMIT low.tide-LOC eat


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "birmba", "daburr", "wandil", "jinabiju", "nangki", "balbal", "jiri", "ngurrban"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The children watched the ibis flock rise all at once from the swamp when the hawk came over, the old woman said, a great white cloud of beating wings.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay birmba wubul daburr-muny nyubun-bu wandi jinabiju kada-nya-ba nyajin, mukul-jalbu balkan, nangki balbal wubul jiri-ba yala ngurrban.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay birmba wubul daburr-muny nyubun-bu wandi jinabiju kaday-nya-ba nyaji-ny, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nangki balbal wubul jiri-ba yala ngurrban | child-REDUP ibis many swamp-ABL together rise goshawk come-SUB-LOC see-PAST, old-woman said, wing white many sky-LOC like cloud

evidence:
birmba ibis; jinabiju goshawk (b117); nangki wing; yala ngurrban 'like a cloud' (b112); the flock rising


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mabal", "bana", "bila", "marra-warri", "kaba", "mukul", "bama", "nyajil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The swallow flies low and fast over the water just before the rain, the old man said, and the old people read the coming weather in the way it flies.

kuku:
Mabal bana wangkar-a bada bila marra-warri kaba kada-nyjiku, mukul-dingkar balkan, mukul-bama wungar kada-nya nyaji nyulu marra-warri-nya-ba.

analysis:
mabal bana wangkar-a bada bila marra-warri kaba kaday-nyjiku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, mukul-bama wungar kaday-nya nyaji nyulu marra-warri-nya-ba | swallow water above-LOC low fast fly rain come-before, old-man said, old-person weather come-SUB read 3sg fly-SUB-LOC

evidence:
mabal swallow; marra-warri fly (b116); kaba kaday-nyjiku 'before the rain comes' SUCC (b116); reading-weather-by-swallows


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kulbal", "jambul", "muru", "bundal", "wulal", "yindu", "yirrka-yirrka", "daburr", "wungar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old man said the brolga pairs stay together all their lives, and when one dies the other calls and calls across the empty swamp for many days.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: kulbal jambul muru bunda wuna narmba, nyubun wula-nya, yindu yirrka-yirrka daburr yamba-kari-ba wungar wubul.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: kulbal jambul muru bunda wuna narmba, nyubun wula-nya, yindu yirrka-yirrka daburr yamba-kari-ba wungar wubul | old-man said: brolga two together stay live whole, one die-SUB, other keep-crying swamp nothing-LOC day many

evidence:
kulbal brolga; brolgas-mate-for-life; yamba-kari 'nothing/empty' (b110); yirrka-yirrka keep-calling (b114)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "bana", "buyi", "burri", "binal", "kulbal", "jamarbina", "birmba", "juril-juril"]
evidence: bana-buyi 'water-bird'; full shore inventory; burri name (b109); buyi-bubu 'nest'
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The children learned every water bird by name, the old woman said, the brolga and the goose and the ibis and the plover, and where each one feeds and nests.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay bana-buyi wubulku burri binal, mukul-jalbu balkan, kulbal jamarbina birmba juril-juril-jirr, wanja nyubun-nyubun nuka buyi-bubu bunga-nya.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay bana-buyi wubul-ku burri binal, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kulbal jamarbina birmba juril-juril-jirr, wanja nyubun-nyubun nuka buyi-bubu bunga-nya | child-REDUP water-bird all name know, old-woman said, brolga goose ibis plover-COMIT, where each eat bird-place make-SUB


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jinabiju", "karrkan", "janka", "bundal", "muyar", "kulji", "yala", "daray", "buyi"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The chicken hawk hangs high and still in the wind, the old man said, then drops like a stone on the little bird in the grass.

kuku:
Jinabiju karrkan-ba janka bunda muyar-a, mukul-dingkar balkan, yinyamun nangki mudu-ma-l, kulji yala bada daray buyi buban jikan-ba.

analysis:
jinabiju karrkan-ba janka bunda muyar-a, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yinyamun kulji yala bada daray buyi buban jikan-ba | chicken.hawk high-LOC still hang(sit) wind-LOC, old-man said, then stone like down drop(fall) bird small grass-LOC

evidence:
⭐jinabiju 'chicken hawk/goshawk'; muyar wind; kulji yala 'like a stone' (b112); daray drop (b116); the hawk's stoop


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kalin-kalin", "bubu", "nangki", "bila", "miyil", "jarran", "jimu", "bajuy", "nyaji-nyaji"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The kestrel hovers in one place beating its wings fast, the old woman said, its sharp eyes fixed on the ground, watching for a grasshopper or a small lizard.

kuku:
Kalin-kalin bubu nyubun-ka nangki bila-bu jurrki-jurrki, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyungu miyil jarran bubu-ba wandi, jimu bajuy buban-jirr nyaji-nyaji.

analysis:
kalin-kalin bubu nyubun-ka nangki bila-bu jurrki-jurrki, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyungu miyil jarran bubu-ba wandi, jimu bajuy buban-jirr nyaji-nyaji | kestrel place one-DAT wing fast-INST beat(turn-REDUP), old-woman said, its eye sharp ground-LOC put(fix), grasshopper lizard small-COMIT keep-watching

evidence:
⭐kalin-kalin 'hawk/kestrel'; miyil jarran 'sharp eye' (b109/b113); jimu grasshopper (b?); bajuy lizard (b?); the hovering kestrel


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "kadanji", "nangki", "jurbu", "walu", "banda", "ngala-ngala", "balbal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old man showed the boy how to take the feathers from the black cockatoo for the dance headband, the bright red tail feathers most prized of all.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay balkan kadanji-mu nangki mani-nka jurbu-walu-nka, banda nangki ngala-ngala balbal wubulku-muny ngulkurr bajaku.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay balka-ny kadanji-mu nangki mani-nka jurbu-walu-nka, banda nangki ngala-ngala balbal wubul-ku-muny ngulkurr bajaku | old-man-ERG:pt child show cockatoo-POSS feather take-PURP dance-head-DAT, tail feather red bright all-ABL good very

evidence:
kadanji black cockatoo; nangki feather; banda tail (b117); jurbu-walu 'dance-headband'; ngala-ngala red (b?); the prized tail-feathers


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kalbu", "nyaji-nyaji", "milka", "kaki", "buyun", "walu", "binal", "yirrka-yirrka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old woman said the crow watches everything and remembers, and if you are cruel to one crow, the whole mob will know your face and scold you for years.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: kalbu wubulku nyaji-nyaji milka-karrba, kaki yundu kalbu nyubun-ka buyun-mal, kalbu narmba yundu walu binal, yirrka-yirrka wungar wubul.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: kalbu wubul-ku nyaji-nyaji milka-karrba, kaki yundu kalbu nyubun-ka buyun-mal, kalbu narmba yundu walu binal, yirrka-yirrka wungar wubul | old-woman said: crow all keep-watching remember, if you crow one-DAT cruel(bad-do), crow all your face know, keep-scolding day many

evidence:
kalbu crow; milka-karrba 'remember' (ear-hold, b109); kaki 'if' (b116); crows-remember-faces; walu binal 'know the face'


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "buyi", "yalbay", "nangki", "bajibay", "kurranji", "kulbal", "kadanji"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old man taught that the wing bones of the big birds make the best whistles, the cassowary and the brolga and the black cockatoo.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka balkan buyi yalbay-mu nangki bajibay ngulkurr bajaku kuwimbur-nka, kurranji kulbal kadanji-jirr.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka balka-ny buyi yalbay-mu nangki bajibay ngulkurr bajaku kuwimbur-nka, kurranji kulbal kadanji-jirr | old-man-ERG:pt teach bird big-POSS wing bone good very whistle-DAT, cassowary brolga cockatoo-COMIT

evidence:
nangki bajibay 'wing-bone'; bajibay bone (b116); kuwimbur whistle; wing-bone whistles; the three big birds


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The bird that calls its own name in the scrub at midday is the one the old people listen for, the old woman said, for it tells where the wild honey is.

kuku:
Buyi nyungu burri madja-ba wungar wangkar-wangkar-a yirrka-nya, mukul-bama milka-janay, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu balka wanja ngamurr wuna-nya.

analysis:
buyi nyungu burri madja-ba wungar wangkar-wangkar-a yirrka-nya, mukul-bama milka-janay, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu balka wanja ngamurr wuna-nya | bird its name scrub-LOC midday-LOC cry-SUB, old-person listen, old-woman said, 3sg tell where honey lie-SUB

words_used:
["buyi", "burri", "madja", "wangkar-wangkar", "yirrkal", "mukul", "milka-janay", "ngamurr", "wanja"]

evidence:
the honey-guide bird; burri name (b109); milka-janay listen (b109); wangkar-wangkar midday (b111); ngamurr honey (b114)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["buyi", "buban", "madja", "yindu", "yirrkal", "wubul", "milka", "yaluy", "nyubun"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old man said a small plain bird in the scrub can throw the calls of many other birds, so that you think a whole flock is there when it is only one.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: buyi buban madja-ba buyi yindu-yindu-mu yirrka wubul balka, yundu milka-ma-l buyi wubul yaluy, nyubun-bu.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: buyi buban madja-ba buyi yindu-yindu-mu yirrka wubul balka, yundu milka-ma-l buyi wubul yaluy, nyubun-bu | old-man said: bird small scrub-LOC bird other-REDUP-POSS call many make(throw), you think bird many here, one-INST(only)

evidence:
the mimic bird (spotted catbird/scrubwren); yindu-yindu 'many others' (b112); milka-ma-l 'think' (b109); throwing-others'-calls


frame: lexical
words_used: ["buyi", "karrkay", "baluda", "manil", "nyubun", "jambul", "kanbal", "kaday"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old woman said never rob a bird of all its young, but take only one or two and leave the rest, so there will be birds again next season.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: buyi-mu karrkay narmba baluda mani, nyubun jambul-bu mani kanbal wuna, buyi kada-baja wungar-jarra yindu-ngu.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: buyi-mu karrkay narmba baluda mani, nyubun jambul-bu mani kanbal wuna, buyi kaday-baja wungar-jarra yindu-ngu | old-woman said: bird-POSS young whole don't take, one two-INST take some leave, bird come-again season other-LOC

evidence:
buyi bird; baluda 'don't' PROHIB (b110); kanbal wuna 'leave some' (b112); take-only-a-few law (echoes sea-law b115)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bulnja", "ngandal", "yalbay", "wujurr", "ngalkal", "ngirran", "minya", "jiri"]
evidence: bulnja frogmouth; ngandal mouth (b109); ngirran beetle; the frogmouth's gape
status: accepted
confidence: 0.8
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The frogmouth's wide flat mouth opens like a great trap in the night, the old man said, and it takes the beetles and flying insects right out of the air.

kuku:
Bulnja-mu ngandal yalbay balbal wujurr-ba ngalkal-ma-l, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu ngirran minya buban-jirr jiri-muny mani.

analysis:
bulnja-mu ngandal yalbay balbal wujurr-ba ngalkal-ma-l, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu ngirran minya buban-jirr jiri-muny mani | frogmouth-POSS mouth big flat night-LOC open-INCHO, old-man said, 3sg beetle creature small-COMIT air(sky)-ABL take


frame: lexical
words_used: ["buyi", "buban", "yirrkal", "kunbayn", "jinabiju", "balka", "binal", "ngundu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old man said the little birds all fall silent at once when the goshawk comes, and that sudden silence is how you know the hawk is near.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: buyi buban wubulku nyubun-bu yirrka kunbayn jinabiju kada-nya-ba, yinya balka-kari yundu binal jinabiju ngundu-nya.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: buyi buban wubul-ku nyubun-bu yirrka kunbayn jinabiju kaday-nya-ba, yinya balka-kari yundu binal jinabiju ngundu-nya | old-man said: bird small all together cry finish goshawk come-SUB-LOC, that talk-PRIV you know goshawk near-SUB

evidence:
jinabiju goshawk; yirrka kunbayn 'fall silent' (kunbayn finish b114); balka-kari 'silence' PRIV (b110); the silence-warns-of-the-hawk


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
The old woman knew the cassowary was near when she found its huge three-toed track and the piles of dark seed it leaves behind on the forest floor.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu binalman kurranji ngundu-nya, nyulu jina yalbay kulur-jina-jirr nyajin madja bada-ba, diburr ngumbu nyulu wuna-nya-ba.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu binal-ma-ny kurranji ngundu-nya, nyulu jina yalbay kulur-jina-jirr nyaji-ny madja bada-ba, diburr ngumbu nyulu wuna-nya-ba | old-woman know-INCHO-PAST cassowary near-SUB, 3sg foot big three-toe-COMIT see-PAST scrub floor-LOC, seed dark 3sg leave-SUB-LOC

words_used:
["mukul", "binal", "kurranji", "ngundu", "jina", "kulur", "nyajil", "madja", "diburr", "ngala-ngala"]

evidence:
kurranji cassowary; kulur-jina 'three-toe' (kulur three b116); tracking-the-cassowary; diburr seed (b113); binal-ma-ny 'realised'


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yala", "mukul", "buyi", "bubu", "karrkay", "burri", "kurranji", "kadanji", "dabuy", "kulbal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.85
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:05:49.875555+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:10:03.177090+00:00
english:
So the old man named the whole bird world for the boy — cassowary and cockatoo, kingfisher and dove, brolga and hawk and the little night-crying curlew — every one a teacher of the country.

kuku:
Yala mukul-dingkarangka buyi bubu narmba karrkay-nka burri — kurranji kadanji-jirr, dabuy kuludu-jirr, kulbal jinabiju kuyir buban wujurr-banbadi-jirr — nyubun-nyubun bubu-mu binal-bama.

analysis:
yala mukul-dingkar-angka buyi bubu narmba karrkay-nka burri — kurranji kadanji-jirr, dabuy kuludu-jirr, kulbal jinabiju kuyir buban wujurr-banbadi-jirr — nyubun-nyubun bubu-mu binal-bama | thus old-man-ERG:pt bird country whole child-DAT name — cassowary cockatoo, kingfisher dove, brolga goshawk curlew small night-crying-COMIT — each country-POSS knowledge-person(teacher)

evidence:
⭐full bird inventory: kurranji/kadanji/dabuy/kuludu/kulbal/jinabiju/kuyir; burri name (b109); each-bird-a-teacher


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "wawu", "balbi", "binal", "mukul", "wunkuwingku", "madja", "wundil", "kadar", "jina"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The boy wants to learn to hunt, the old man said, so every morning he takes him into the scrub to look for the wallaby.

kuku:
Karrkay wawu balbi-nka binal-ma-nka, mukul-dingkar balkan, wunkuwingku nyubun-nyubun nyulu karrkay madja-ka wundi kadar nyaji-nka.

analysis:
karrkay wawu balbi-nka binal-ma-nka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, wunkuwingku nyubun-nyubun nyulu karrkay madja-ka wundi kadar nyaji-nka | child want hunt-PURP know-INCHO-PURP, old-man said, morning each 3sg child scrub-DAT take wallaby look.for-PURP

evidence:
⭐wawu 'want' + PURP (§4.9.1); balbi-nka 'to hunt'; binal-ma-nka 'to learn'; kadar wallaby (b117); nyaji-nka 'to look for'


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "wawu", "mayi", "dakuy", "banbadi", "kuyu", "bila", "wajul", "wujurr"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The child wants food and is crying with hunger, the old woman said, so cook the little fish quickly before it grows dark.

kuku:
Karrkay wawu mayi-nka, dakuy-bu banbadi, mukul-jalbu balkan, kuyu buban bila waju wujurr kada-nyjiku.

analysis:
karrkay wawu mayi-nka, dakuy-bu banbadi, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kuyu buban bila waju wujurr kaday-nyjiku | child want food-PURP, hunger-INST keep-crying, old-woman said, fish small fast cook night come-before

evidence:
wawu + mayi-nka 'want food' (DAT complement); dakuy hungry (b114); banbadi keep-crying (b114); waju-l cook


frame: construction
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old man knows how to make a strong, well-made spear from the black palm, the old woman said, and he can throw it further than any young man.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar binal kalka junkurr ngulkurr bunga-nka duwar-mu, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu dama kala-kalbay-ka warru wubulku-muny.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar binal kalka junkurr ngulkurr bunga-nka duwar-mu, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu dama kala-kalbay-ka warru wubul-ku-muny | old-man know spear strong good make-PURP black.palm-POSS, old-woman said, 3sg throw far-DAT young.man all-ABL(than)

words_used:
["mukul", "binal", "kalka", "junkurr", "dungkarr", "bunga", "duwar", "damal", "kala-kalbay", "warru"]

evidence:
⭐binal + bunga-nka 'know how to make' (ability + PURP); duwar black-palm (b?); dama throw further than (comparison b112)


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "babal", "buri", "kindu", "bunga", "juku", "duna", "kubu", "ngalkal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The little child tried and tried to make fire, the old man said, but the wood was too wet and no smoke would come.

kuku:
Karrkay buban babal-babal buri bunga-nka, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba juku duna bajaku, kubu kari ngalkal-ma-l.

analysis:
karrkay buban babal-babal buri bunga-nka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba juku duna bajaku, kubu kari ngalkal-ma-l | child small try-REDUP fire fire.stick-INST make-PURP, old-man said, but wood wet very, smoke NEG out-INCHO

evidence:
⭐babal 'try' + bunga-nka; babal-babal 'try and try' (redup b114); duna wet (b115); kubu smoke (b109)


frame: construction
words_used: ["warru", "wawu", "jalbu", "jalun", "daya", "kuyu", "ngawiya", "minya", "bama"]
evidence: wawu 'want' (DAT complement 'the woman'); biwar 'wife'; jalun sea/coast (b102); bride-gift
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The young man wants the woman from the coast for his wife, the old man said, so he has brought fish and turtle meat to her people.

kuku:
Warru wawu jalbu jalun-mu-nka nyungu biwar-nka, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu kuyu ngawiya minya-jirr nyungu bama-nka kadan.

analysis:
warru wawu jalbu jalun-mu-nka nyungu biwar-nka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu kuyu ngawiya minya-jirr nyungu bama-nka kada-ny | young.man want woman coast-POSS-DAT his wife-DAT, old-man said, 3sg fish sea.turtle meat-COMIT her people-DAT bring(come)-PAST


frame: construction
words_used: ["binal", "ngunyin", "jaba", "wangay", "niji", "mukul", "jalbu", "binal-bungal", "narmba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Do you know how to weave a good dilly-bag from the vine yet, the old woman asked the girl, or must I teach you the whole way of it?

kuku:
Yundu binal ngunyin ngulkurr jaba-nka wangay-mu niji, mukul-jalbu jalbu nyajin, ngayu yununy binal-bungal narmba-nka?

analysis:
yundu binal ngunyin ngulkurr jaba-nka wangay-mu niji, mukul-jalbu jalbu nyaji-ny, ngayu yundu binal-bungal narmba-nka? | you know dilly.bag good weave-PURP vine-POSS now, old-woman girl(ABS) ask, I you teach whole-PURP?

evidence:
binal + jaba-nka 'know how to weave'; ngunyin dilly-bag (b107); wangay vine (b113); binal-bungal 'teach' (make-know)


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "babal", "kuyu", "bila", "dama", "bana", "balbal", "wanarri", "kulji"]
evidence: babal + dama-nka 'try to spear'; bila fast (b112); wanarri dart (b114); the boy's missed throw
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The boy tried to spear the fast fish in the clear pool, the old man said, but he threw too soon and the fish darted away under the rock.

kuku:
Karrkay babal kuyu bila dama-nka bana balbal-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba nyulu nyiku-nyiku-bu dama, kuyu wanarri kulji bada-ba.

analysis:
karrkay babal kuyu bila dama-nka bana balbal-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba nyulu nyiku-nyiku-bu dama, kuyu wanarri kulji bada-ba | child try fish fast spear-PURP water clear-LOC, old-man said, but 3sg soon-INST throw, fish dart rock below-LOC


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "wawu", "karrkay", "bubu", "binal", "binalku", "kunbayn", "bubu", "wunay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old people want the children to learn all the old ways, the old woman said, before the last of them who remember are gone into the ground.

kuku:
Mukul-bama wawu karrkay-karrkay bubu-mu yalaku wubulku binal-ma-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan, mukul binalku-bama kunbayn bubu-ngu wuna-nyjiku.

analysis:
mukul-bama wawu karrkay-karrkay bubu-mu yalaku wubul-ku binal-ma-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, mukul binalku-bama kunbayn bubu-ngu wuna-nyjiku | old-person want child-REDUP country-POSS way all learn-INCHO-PURP, old-woman said, elder remember-person finish ground-LOC lie-before

evidence:
wawu + [children] binal-ma-nka 'want the children to learn'; binalku-bama 'the rememberers'; before-they-die


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "binal", "maraji", "niji", "mukul", "bana", "karrbal", "jukar", "janjanay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The little boy does not know how to swim yet, the old woman warned, so keep him in the shallow water where he can stand on the sand.

kuku:
Karrkay buban binal-kari maraji-nka niji, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu bana buban-ba karrba, wanja nyulu jukar-a janjanay.

analysis:
karrkay buban binal-kari maraji-nka niji, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu bana buban-ba karrba, wanja nyulu jukar-a janjanay | child small know-PRIV swim-PURP now, old-woman said, 3sg water shallow-LOC keep, where 3sg sand-LOC keep-standing

evidence:
binal-kari 'not know how' (PRIV of ability b110); maraji swim (b115); janjanay keep-standing (b114); jukar sand (b107)


frame: construction
words_used: ["jalbu", "wawu", "ngamu", "dunga", "bambayal", "baka", "bubu", "kima", "bana-jandu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The girl wants to go with her mother to dig the yams in the soft ground by the river, the old woman said.

kuku:
Jalbu buban wawu ngamu-jirr dunga-nka bambayal baka-nka bubu kima-ba bana-jandu-ngka, mukul-jalbu balkan.

analysis:
jalbu buban wawu ngamu-jirr dunga-nka bambayal baka-nka bubu kima-ba bana-jandu-ngka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | girl small want mother-COMIT go-PURP yam dig-PURP ground soft-LOC creek-LOC, old-woman said

evidence:
wawu + dunga-nka 'want to go' + baka-nka 'to dig' (stacked purposives); bambayal yam (b113); baka-l dig (b113); kima soft (b114)


frame: construction
words_used: ["babal", "janka", "jilba", "jukar", "balbi", "kadar", "milka", "milka-janay", "wanarri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Try to walk very quietly on the soft sand, the hunter whispered to the boy, or the sharp-eared wallaby will hear us and be gone.

kuku:
Babal janka bajaku jilba-nka jukar kima-ba, balbi-bama karrkay-nka janka balkan, kadar milka-junkurr ngana milka-janay wanarri-nyji.

analysis:
babal janka bajaku jilba-nka jukar kima-ba, balbi-bama karrkay-nka janka balka-ny, kadar milka-junkurr ngana milka-janay wanarri-nyji | try quietly very walk-PURP sand soft-LOC, hunt-person child-DAT quietly say, wallaby ear-strong us hear run-lest

evidence:
babal + jilba-nka 'try to walk'; milka-junkurr 'sharp-eared' (ear-strong); milka-janay hear (b109); wanarri-nyji 'lest it run' (b116)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "binal", "bana", "manil", "marral", "juku", "buyi", "ngamurr", "jina"]
evidence: binal + mani-nka 'know how to find'; marral dry (b111); dabu 'bee'; jina track (b109)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old woman knows how to find water even in the driest country, the old man said, by the green trees and the tracks of the birds and the bees.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu binal bana mani-nka bubu marral bajaku-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, juku biral-bu buyi dabu-mu jina-bu.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu binal bana mani-nka bubu marral bajaku-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, juku biral-bu buyi dabu-mu jina-bu | old-woman know water find-PURP country dry very-LOC, old-man said, tree green-INST bird bee-POSS track-INST


frame: construction
words_used: ["wawu", "niji", "nukal", "karrkay", "dakuy", "mukul", "bundal", "minya", "wajul"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
I want to eat now, said the hungry child, but the old man said you must wait, for the meat is not yet cooked right through.

kuku:
Ngayu wawu niji nuka-nka, karrkay dakuy balkan, yamba mukul-dingkar balkan yundu bunda, minya kari-rrku waju-n narmba.

analysis:
ngayu wawu niji nuka-nka, karrkay dakuy balka-ny, yamba mukul-dingkar balka-ny yundu bunda, minya kari-rrku waju-n narmba | 1sg want now eat-PURP, child hungry said, but old-man said you wait(sit), meat not-really cook-PAST whole

evidence:
wawu + nuka-nka 'want to eat'; niji now (b111); dakuy hungry (b114); kari-rrku 'not really' (b110); wait-for-the-meat


frame: construction
words_used: ["warru", "babal", "ngawiya", "jukar", "jarra-kulba", "nyubun", "kulngkul", "yaba", "mara-dajil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The young man tried to carry the whole turtle up the beach by himself, the old man said, but it was far too heavy, so his brother came to help him.

kuku:
Warru babal ngawiya narmba jukar-a jarra-kulba-nka nyubun-bu, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba kulngkul bajaku, nyungu yaba kaday mara-dajil-nka.

analysis:
warru babal ngawiya narmba jukar-a jarra-kulba-nka nyubun-bu, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba kulngkul bajaku, nyungu yaba kaday mara-dajil-nka | young.man try sea.turtle whole beach-LOC carry-PURP alone, old-man said, but heavy very, his elder.brother come help-PURP

evidence:
babal + jarra-kulba-nka 'try to carry'; kulngkul heavy (b?); yaba elder brother (b?); mara-dajil-nka 'to help' (help b118)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "binal-bungal", "jina", "jukar", "nyajil", "wanyu", "wanja"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old man teaches the boy how to read the tracks in the sand, the old woman said, whose track it is and and which way it went.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay binal-bungal jina jukar-mu nyaji-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan, wanyu-mu jina, wanja-warra dunga-n.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay binal-bungal jina jukar-mu nyaji-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, wanyu-mu jina, wanja-warra dunga-n | old-man-ERG:pt child teach track sand-POSS read-PURP, old-woman said, who-POSS track, where-DIR go-PAST

evidence:
⭐binal-bungal 'teach' (make-know) + nyaji-nka complement; jina track (b109); wanyu who (b108); reading-tracks


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "karrkay", "balkal", "buri", "wubul", "bangka", "wujurr", "ngiki"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old woman told the children to gather plenty of firewood before dark, the old man said, for the night would be cold and long.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay-nka balkan juku-buri wubul bangka-nka wujurr kada-nyjiku, mukul-dingkar balkan, wujurr ngiki marri-bu.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay balka-ny juku-buri wubul bangka-nka wujurr kaday-nyjiku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, wujurr ngiki marri-bu | old-woman-ERG:pt child-REDUP(DAT) tell firewood many gather-PURP night come-before, old-man said, night cold long-INST

evidence:
⭐balka 'tell (to)' + bangka-nka complement (addressee = children); juku-buri firewood; bangka-l gather (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["ngamu", "mayi", "wajul", "mukul", "bayan", "yungal", "jalbu", "jambul", "dakuy"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The mother sent the cooked food to the old people at the far camp with the two girls, the old woman said, so no elder would go hungry that night.

kuku:
Ngamu-ngku mayi waju-n mukul-bama-nka bayan kala-kalbay-ka yunga jalbu jambul-anda, mukul-jalbu balkan, kari mukul dakuy wuna wujurr yinya.

analysis:
ngamu-ngku mayi waju-n mukul-bama-nka bayan kala-kalbay-ka yunga jalbu jambul-anda, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kari mukul dakuy wuna wujurr yinya | mother-ERG:pt food cook-PAST old-person-DAT camp far-DAT send girl two-LOC:pt, old-woman said, NEG elder hungry lie night that

evidence:
⭐yungal 'send' (thing + carrier-LOC, ex.273); mukul-bama-nka 'to the old people' (DAT goal); jambul-anda 'with the two' (LOC:pt)


frame: construction
words_used: ["binal-bungal", "buri", "kindu", "bunga", "karrkay", "mukul", "ngiki", "wujurr"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Teach me how to make fire, the boy said to the old man, and I will never be cold in the night again.

kuku:
Nganya binal-bungal buri bunga-nka, karrkay mukul-dingkar-nka balkan, ngayu kari ngiki wujurr-ba yindu-baja.

analysis:
ngayu binal-bungal buri bunga-nka, karrkay mukul-dingkar-nka balka-ny, ngayu kari ngiki wujurr-ba yindu-baja | me(ACC) teach fire fire.stick-INST make-PURP, child old-man-DAT said, 1sg NEG cold night-LOC other-again

evidence:
binal-bungal 'teach me' + bunga-nka complement; kindu fire-stick; teach-me-to-make-fire; yindu-baja 'again'


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "warru", "balkal", "dulngku", "dunga", "ngawiya", "balbi", "yira", "nyunbay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old man told the young men to go out beyond the reef and hunt the big turtle, the old woman said, but to come back before the tide turned.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka warru-warru-nka balkan dulngku-muny kala-kalbay-ka dunga-nka ngawiya yalbay balbi-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan, yamba yira nyunba-nyjiku kada-nka.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka warru-warru balka-ny dulngku-muny kala-kalbay-ka dunga-nka ngawiya yalbay balbi-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yamba yira nyunba-nyjiku kada-nka | old-man-ERG:pt young.man-REDUP tell reef-ABL far-DAT go-PURP sea.turtle big hunt-PURP, old-woman said, but tide turn-before come-PURP

evidence:
balka 'tell to' + dunga-nka + balbi-nka (stacked purposive commands); nyunba-nyjiku 'before the tide turns' (b116)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "kuku", "yungal", "bayan", "yindu", "warru", "bila", "burri", "kija"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old man sent a message to the other camp with the fast young runner, the old woman said, to call the people to the big meeting at the full moon.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka kuku yunga-n bayan yindu-nka warru bila-anda, mukul-jalbu balkan, bama muru yalbay-ka burri-nka kija murru-murru-ba.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka kuku yunga-n bayan yindu-nka warru bila-anda, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, bama muru yalbay-ka burri-nka kija murru-murru-ba | old-man-ERG:pt word send-PAST camp other-DAT young.man fast-LOC:pt, old-woman said, person gathering big-DAT call-PURP moon round-LOC

evidence:
⭐yungal 'send a message' (kuku 'word' + carrier bila-anda, ex.274); burri-nka 'to call'; kija murru-murru full moon (b111)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "binal-bungal", "ngunyin", "jimba", "jaba", "mara", "karrbal"]
evidence: binal-bungal + jaba-nka 'teach to weave'; mara-mu wawu 'work of the hands'; women's craft
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The grandmother teaches the girls how to weave the fine dilly-bags, the old woman said, the work of the hands that the old women hold.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu-ngku jalbu-jalbu binal-bungal ngunyin jaba-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan, mara-mu wawu mukul-jalbu-mu karrba-nya.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku jalbu-jalbu binal-bungal ngunyin jaba-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, mara-mu wawu mukul-jalbu-mu karrba-nya | old-woman-ERG:pt girl-REDUP teach dilly.bag weave-PURP, old-woman said, hand-POSS work old-woman-POSS hold-SUB


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "karrkay", "bana", "dajali", "baluda", "dunga", "binalku", "bundanday"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old woman told the child not to go near the deep water alone, the old man said, and the child remembered and stayed up on the safe bank.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-nka balkan bana dajali-ka nyubun-bu baluda dunga, mukul-dingkar balkan, karrkay binalku bundanday bubu junkurr-ba.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay balka-ny bana dajali-ka nyubun-bu baluda dunga, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, karrkay binalku bundanday bubu junkurr-ba | old-woman-ERG:pt child tell water deep-DAT alone don't go, old-man said, child remember stay ground safe(strong)-LOC

evidence:
balka 'tell' + baluda 'don't' (prohibitive command b110); binalku 'remember' (b118); bundanday stay (b114)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "dawar", "jiri", "binal-bungal", "jina", "karrbal", "wujurr", "jilba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old man taught the boy every star in the night sky, the old woman said, and how to hold his path by them when he walks in the dark.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay dawar wubulku jiri wujurr-mu binal-bungal, mukul-jalbu balkan, jina nyungu karrba-nka dawar-bu nyulu wujurr-ba jilba-nya.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay dawar wubul-ku jiri wujurr-mu binal-bungal, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jina nyungu karrba-nka dawar-bu nyulu wujurr-ba jilba-nya | old-man-ERG:pt child star all sky night-POSS teach, old-woman said, path his hold-PURP star-INST 3sg night-LOC walk-SUB

evidence:
binal-bungal 'teach the stars' + karrba-nka complement; dawar star (b111); jina 'path' (foot/track); star-navigation


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "yungal", "bana-jandu", "bana", "manil", "ngunyin", "balkal", "baluda", "wawu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Send the boy down to the creek to fetch water in the big dilly-bag, the old woman said, and tell him to come straight back and not to play.

kuku:
Karrkay yunga bana-jandu-ka bana mani-nka ngunyin yalbay-bu, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyungunku balka nyiku-nyiku kada-nka, baluda wawu-ma-l.

analysis:
karrkay yunga bana-jandu-ka bana mani-nka ngunyin yalbay-bu, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyungu balka nyiku-nyiku kada-nka, baluda wawu-ma-l | child send creek-DAT water get-PURP dilly.bag big-INST, old-woman said, him(DAT) tell soon come-PURP, don't play-INCHO

evidence:
yungal 'send' + mani-nka 'to fetch'; balka 'tell' + kada-nka + baluda 'don't'; send-the-boy-for-water


frame: construction
words_used: ["nganjan", "warru", "binal-bungal", "dingkar", "jangan", "kalka", "ngamu", "jalbu", "ngunyin"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The father teaches his son the man's law and the way of the spear, the old man said, and the mother teaches the daughter the woman's law and the way of the dilly-bag.

kuku:
Nganjan-ngku warru-karrkay binal-bungal dingkar-mu yalaku kalka-mu-jirr, mukul-dingkar balkan, ngamu-ngku jalbu-karrkay binal-bungal jalbu-mu yalaku ngunyin-mu-jirr.

analysis:
nganjan-ngku warru-karrkay binal-bungal dingkar-mu yalaku kalka-mu-jirr, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, ngamu-ngku jalbu-karrkay binal-bungal jalbu-mu yalaku ngunyin-mu-jirr | father-ERG:pt son teach man-POSS way spear-POSS-COMIT, old-man said, mother-ERG:pt daughter teach woman-POSS way dilly.bag-POSS-COMIT

evidence:
binal-bungal 'teach' (parallel father/mother); jangan 'way/manner'; dingkar-mu/jalbu-mu yalaku 'the man's/woman's law'


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "balkal", "janka", "bundal", "milka-janay", "mukul", "wujurr", "buri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Tell the children to sit down quietly and listen, the old woman said, while the old people talk the old talk by the evening fire.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay-nka balka janka bunda-nka milka-janay-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan, mukul-bama balka-balka wujurr-ma-nya buri-ngka.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay balka janka bunda-nka milka-janay-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, mukul-bama balka-balka wujurr-ma-nya buri-ngka | child-REDUP tell quietly sit-PURP listen-PURP, old-woman said, old-person keep-talking evening fire-LOC

evidence:
balka 'tell' + bunda-nka + milka-janay-nka (sit and listen); balka-balka keep-talking (b114); evening-fire teaching


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "warru", "kala-kalbay", "yungal", "wulngku", "dajali", "binal", "bubu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old man was sent as a young boy far to the south, the old woman said, to learn the deep songs from the great old singers of that country.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar warru buban-nya kala-kalbay jarba-warra yunga-n, mukul-jalbu balkan, wulngku dajali binal-ma-nka mukul-bama yalbay bubu yinya-mu-muny.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar warru buban-nya kala-kalbay jarba-warra yunga-n, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, wulngku dajali binal-ma-nka mukul-bama yalbay bubu yinya-mu-muny | old-man young.man small-SUB(when) far south yunga-PAST, old-woman said, song deep learn-INCHO-PURP elder big country that-POSS-ABL

evidence:
yungal 'send' (passive: was sent) + binal-ma-nka 'to learn'; wulngku song (b115); dajali deep (b112); sent-to-learn-songs


frame: construction
words_used: ["yaba", "jambul", "mara-dajil", "ngawiya", "kulngkul", "jarra-kulba", "bayan", "nyubun"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The two brothers helped each other carry the heavy turtle up the steep sand to the camp, the old man said, for neither could lift it alone.

kuku:
Yaba-jarra jambul mara-dajil-wari ngawiya kulngkul jukar jarra-jarra-ka jarra-kulba-nka bayan-ka, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyubun-bu kari wandi.

analysis:
yaba-jarra jambul mara-dajil-wari ngawiya kulngkul jukar jarra-jarra-ka jarra-kulba-nka bayan-ka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyubun-bu kari wandi | brother-pair two help-RECIP sea.turtle heavy sand high-DAT carry-PURP camp-DAT, old-man said, alone NEG lift

evidence:
⭐mara-dajil 'help' (hand-give) + RECIP -wari 'help each other' (b74); kulngkul heavy; carrying-together


frame: construction
words_used: ["marral", "wungar", "bubu", "junkurr", "kulji", "dandi", "bambayal", "dajali", "bakal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The long hot dry season makes the ground hard as stone, the old woman said, and the yams go deep and are very hard to dig.

kuku:
Marral-wungar marri wungar-iji-ngku bubu junkurr kulji yala dandi-bungal, mukul-jalbu balkan, bambayal dajali dunga, baka buyun bajaku.

analysis:
marral-wungar marri wungar-iji-ngku bubu junkurr kulji yala dandi-bungal, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, bambayal dajali dunga, baka buyun bajaku | dry.season long hot-ERG:pt ground hard stone like make-hard(CAUS), old-woman said, yam deep go, dig hard very

evidence:
⭐CAUS dandi-bungal 'makes hard' (dandi hard b114 + CAUS); marral-wungar dry season (b111); baka-l dig (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["balu", "karrkay", "baja-burray", "buri", "wunay", "baluda", "mayi", "nukal", "wunkuwingku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Let the tired child sleep by the fire, the old woman said, do not wake him for the food, he can eat when he wakes in the morning.

kuku:
Balu karrkay baja-burray buri-ngka wuna, mukul-jalbu balkan, baluda mayi-nka kulbul-mani, nyulu nuka wunkuwingku-ba wandi-nya-muny.

analysis:
balu karrkay baja-burray buri-ngka wuna, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, baluda mayi-nka kulbul-mani, nyulu nuka wunkuwingku-ba wandi-nya-muny | let child tired fire-LOC sleep, old-woman said, don't food-PURP wake-CAUS, 3sg eat morning-LOC rise-SUB-ABL

evidence:
⭐balu 'let (be)' (ex.570 Balu dungay!); balu wuna 'let him sleep'; baja-burray tired (b116); wandi 'rise/wake'


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "warru", "ngamu", "mara-dajil", "karrkay", "jibarr", "nyajil", "bundanday"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old women help the young mother look after the new baby, the old man said, so that she can rest and gather her strength again.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu-jalbu-ngku jalbu warru-ngamu mara-dajil karrkay jirakal nyaji-nka, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu bundanday junkurr kada-baja-nka.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu-jalbu-ngku jalbu warru-ngamu mara-dajil karrkay jirakal nyaji-nka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu bundanday junkurr kada-baja-nka | old-woman-REDUP-ERG:pt woman young-mother help child new watch-PURP, old-man said, 3sg rest strong come-again-PURP

evidence:
mara-dajil 'help' + nyaji-nka 'to watch'; warru-ngamu 'young mother'; jirakal new; helping-the-new-mother


frame: construction
words_used: ["buri", "juku", "bana", "marral", "kubu", "ngundu", "wandil", "wujurr", "wunkuwingku"]
evidence: CAUS marral-bungal 'makes dry' (marral dry b111 + CAUS); drying-the-green-wood; kubu coal (b109)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The fire makes the green sappy wood dry out, the old man said, so lay it close by the coals in the evening and it will burn well by morning.

kuku:
Buri-ngku juku biral bana-jirr marral-bungal, mukul-dingkar balkan, kubu ngundu-ba wandi wujurr-ma-nya, wunkuwingku-ba ngulkurr waju-l-ma-l.

analysis:
buri-ngku juku biral bana-jirr marral-bungal, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kubu ngundu-ba wandi wujurr-ma-nya, wunkuwingku-ba ngulkurr waju-l-ma-l | fire-ERG:pt wood green water-COMIT make-dry(CAUS), old-man said, coal near-LOC put evening, morning-LOC good burn-INCHO


frame: construction
words_used: ["balu", "kaya", "dunga", "mula", "jina", "kadar", "bujal", "madja"]
evidence: balu 'let the dog go' (balu dunga, ex.570); kaya dog (b116); mula blood (b109); the tracking-dog
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Let the dog go now, the old man said, it will follow the blood and find the speared wallaby for us in the thick scrub.

kuku:
Balu kaya niji dunga, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu mula jina-bu kadar dama-nya ngana-nka mani madja junkurr-ba.

analysis:
balu kaya niji dunga, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu mula jina-bu kadar dama-nya ngana-nka mani madja junkurr-ba | let dog now go, old-man said, 3sg blood follow(track)-INST wallaby spear-SUB us-DAT find scrub thick-LOC


frame: construction
words_used: ["bama", "bayan", "mara-dajil", "ngudan", "jibarr", "bunga", "kaba", "kaba-wungar"]
evidence: mara-dajil + bunga-nka 'help to build'; wurun humpy; jirakal new; before-the-wet-came
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Everyone in the camp helped to build the new shelter before the first heavy rains of the wet season came, the old woman said.

kuku:
Bama bayan-mu wubulku mara-dajil wurun jirakal bunga-nka kaba yalbay kaba-wungar-mu kada-nyjiku, mukul-jalbu balkan.

analysis:
bama bayan-mu wubul-ku mara-dajil wurun jirakal bunga-nka kaba yalbay kaba-wungar-mu kaday-nyjiku, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | person camp-POSS all help shelter new make-PURP rain big wet.season-POSS come-before, old-woman said


frame: construction
words_used: ["buyi", "yararri", "baluda", "kanga", "balu", "bundal", "janka", "nyiku-nyiku", "ngundu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Do not chase the frightened bird about, the old woman told the children, let it be and sit quiet, and soon it will settle and come down close.

kuku:
Buyi yararri baluda kanga, mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay-nka balkan, balu bunda, janka bunda, nyiku-nyiku nyulu bunda-baja ngundu kaday.

analysis:
buyi yararri baluda kanga, mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay balka-ny, balu bunda, janka bunda, nyiku-nyiku nyulu bunda-baja ngundu kada | bird frightened don't chase, old-woman-ERG:pt child-REDUP tell, let sit(be), quietly sit, soon 3sg settle near come

evidence:
baluda 'don't chase' + balu 'let it be' (both b110/b118 negation-let); yararri frightened (b116); kanga chase (b116)


frame: construction
words_used: ["wujurr", "ngiki", "junkurr", "wunkuwingku", "karrkay", "yararri", "ngamu", "buri", "bunga"]
evidence: CAUS yararri-bungal 'made them shiver' (yararri shiver b116 + CAUS); ngiki cold; built-up-the-fire
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The bitter cold of the night before dawn made the little children shiver in their sleep, the old man said, so the mother built the fire up big.

kuku:
Wujurr ngiki junkurr wunkuwingku kariku karrkay-karrkay buban yararri-bungal wuna-nya-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, ngamu-ngku buri yalbay bunga.

analysis:
wujurr ngiki junkurr wunkuwingku kariku karrkay-karrkay buban yararri-bungal wuna-nya-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, ngamu-ngku buri yalbay bunga | night cold strong dawn before child-REDUP small make-shiver(CAUS) sleep-SUB-LOC, old-man said, mother-ERG:pt fire big make


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "mara-dajil", "kalka", "kajal", "binal-bungal", "dungkarr", "dama"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old man helped the boy string his very first spear and showed him how to hold it and throw it strong and true.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay mara-dajil kalka nyubun-nya kaja-nka, nyunguny binal-bungal dama-nka junkurr-bu.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay mara-dajil kalka nyubun-nya kaja-nka, nyulu binal-bungal dama-nka junkurr-bu | old-man-ERG:pt child help spear first tie(bind)-PURP, him(ACC) teach throw-PURP strong-INST

evidence:
mara-dajil + kaja-nka 'help to bind' + binal-bungal + dama-nka 'teach to throw'; the first-spear teaching


frame: construction
words_used: ["balu", "ngawiya", "minya", "bubu", "wajul", "baluda", "kulji", "wumbul", "manil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Let the turtle meat cook slowly right through in the ground oven, the old woman said, do not hurry it off the hot stones too soon.

kuku:
Balu ngawiya minya bubu-ba waju narmba, mukul-jalbu balkan, baluda nyiku-nyiku-bu kulji wumbul-muny mani.

analysis:
balu ngawiya minya bubu-ba waju narmba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, baluda nyiku-nyiku-bu kulji wumbul-muny mani | let sea.turtle meat ground-LOC cook whole, old-woman said, don't soon-INST stone hot-ABL take

evidence:
balu 'let it cook' (balu waju) + baluda 'don't take too soon'; ground-oven (bubu + kulji wumbul); patience


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "diburr", "junkurr", "kulji", "murni", "yudal", "kunbayn", "wungar", "wangkar-wangkar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old woman began to grind the hard seeds on the flat stone at first light, the old man said, and finished the whole heap only at midday.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu diburr junkurr kulji balbal-ba murni-nka yudal wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, narmba kunbayn wungar wangkar-wangkar-a nyubun-bu.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu diburr junkurr kulji balbal-ba murni-nka yudal wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, narmba kunbayn wungar wangkar-wangkar-a nyubun-bu | old-woman seed hard stone flat-LOC grind-PURP begin dawn-LOC, old-man said, whole finish sun midday-LOC one-INST(only)

evidence:
⭐yudal 'begin' + murni-nka + kunbayn 'finish' (phasal bracketing b114); murni-l grind (b113); midday (b111)


frame: construction
words_used: ["baluda", "milka-wula", "bubu", "kanbal", "wunay", "bangka", "yamba-kari", "wungar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Do not forget to leave enough behind for the country when you gather, the old man warned, or there will be nothing at all next season.

kuku:
Baluda milka-wula bubu-nka kanbal wuna-nka bangka-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba-kari yamba wungar-jarra yindu-ngu.

analysis:
baluda milka-wula bubu-nka kanbal wuna-nka bangka-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba-kari yamba wungar-jarra yindu-ngu | don't forget country-DAT some leave-PURP gather-SUB, old-man said, nothing but season other-LOC

evidence:
⭐milka-wulay 'forget' (ear-die) + wuna-nka complement; baluda 'don't forget'; yamba-kari 'nothing' (b110); leave-enough


frame: construction
words_used: ["binalku", "bana", "ngunyin", "warmba", "marral", "kulji", "jilba", "wawu-wulay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Remember to fill the big water-bag right up before you cross the dry stony country, the old woman told the young man, or you will go thirsty.

kuku:
Binalku bana-ngunyin yalbay narmba warmba-nka bubu marral kulji-jirr jilba-nyjiku, mukul-jalbu-ngku warru-nka balkan, yundu wawu-wulay-ma-l-nyji.

analysis:
binalku bana-ngunyin yalbay narmba warmba-nka bubu marral kulji-jirr jilba-nyjiku, mukul-jalbu-ngku warru balka-ny, yundu wawu-wulay-ma-l-nyji | remember water.bag big whole fill-PURP country dry stone-COMIT walk-before, old-woman-ERG:pt young.man(DAT) tell, you thirsty-INCHO-lest

evidence:
⭐binalku 'remember' + warmba-nka complement; wawu-wulay 'thirsty' (b116); jilba-nyjiku 'before crossing' (b116)


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaba", "yudal", "wungar", "wujurr", "kunbayn", "daray", "wandil", "wunkuwingku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The heavy rain began again in the afternoon, the old man said, and it did not finish falling until the sun came up the next morning.

kuku:
Kaba yalbay yudal-baja wungar wujurr-ma-nya-ka, mukul-dingkar balkan, kari kunbayn daray wungar wandi-nya-muny wunkuwingku yindu-ngu.

analysis:
kaba yalbay yudal-baja wungar wujurr-ma-nya-ka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kari kunbayn daray wungar wandi-nya-muny wunkuwingku yindu-ngu | rain big begin-again sun dusk-DAT, old-man said, NEG finish fall sun rise-SUB-ABL morning other-LOC

evidence:
yudal-baja 'began again' + kari kunbayn 'did not finish'; kaba rain (b116); daray fall (b116); rain-all-night


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "milka-wula", "makarr", "kajul", "ngara", "kajal", "yira", "jalun", "jarra-kulba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The boy forgot to tie the fishing-net tight to the mangrove root, the old woman said, and the strong tide pulled it loose and carried it out to sea.

kuku:
Karrkay milka-wula makarr junkurr kajul ngara-ka kaja-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan, yira junkurr-bu kulba jalun-ka jarra-kulba.

analysis:
karrkay milka-wula makarr junkurr kajul ngara-ka kaja-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yira junkurr-bu kulba jalun-ka jarra-kulba | child forget net tight mangrove root-DAT tie-PURP, old-woman said, tide strong-INST loosen sea-DAT carry

evidence:
milka-wula 'forgot' + kaja-nka 'to tie'; makarr net (b107); kajul mangrove (b115); forgot-to-tie-the-net


frame: construction
words_used: ["binalku", "marri", "ngaji", "ngamu", "burri", "bubu", "milka-wula", "wulal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Always remember the names of the old people and the name of your own country, the old man said, for a person who forgets those is lost.

kuku:
Binalku marri mukul-bama-mu burri bubu yunu burri-jirr, mukul-dingkar balkan, bama yinya milka-wula-nya nyulu wula-nya yala.

analysis:
binalku marri mukul-bama-mu burri bubu yunu burri-jirr, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bama yinya milka-wula-nya nyulu wula-nya yala | remember always old-person-POSS name country your name-COMIT, old-man said, person that forget-SUB 3sg lost(die)-SUB like

evidence:
binalku 'remember always' vs milka-wula 'forget'; ngaji grandfather (b111); burri name (b109); remember-your-kin-and-country


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "bubu", "jangan", "binal-bungal", "yudal", "buban", "milka", "karrbal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
The old man began to teach the boy the deep law of the country, the old woman said, but the boy was still too young to hold all of it in his mind.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay bubu-mu yalaku dajali binal-bungal yudal, mukul-jalbu balkan, yamba karrkay buban-baja, narmba milka-ba karrba-nka kari.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay bubu-mu yalaku dajali binal-bungal yudal, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yamba karrkay buban-baja, narmba milka-ba karrba-nka kari | old-man-ERG:pt child country-POSS law deep teach begin, old-woman said, but child small-still, whole mind-LOC hold-PURP NEG

evidence:
yudal 'begin to teach' (binal-bungal); milka-ba karrba-nka 'to hold in the mind'; too-young-to-hold-it-all


frame: construction
words_used: ["ngunyin", "jaba", "kunbayn", "yudal", "warmba", "bambayal", "kulbul", "junda", "jiba-wulay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
When she had finished weaving the dilly-bag, the old woman said, she began at once to fill it with the ripe yams and the sweet figs.

kuku:
Ngunyin jaba kunbayn-nya-muny, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu yudal niji-bu warmba-nka bambayal kulbul junda jiba-wulay-jirr.

analysis:
ngunyin jaba kunbayn-nya-muny, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu yudal niji-bu warmba-nka bambayal kulbul junda jiba-wulay-jirr | dilly.bag weave finish-SUB-ABL, old-woman said, 3sg begin now-INST fill-PURP yam ripe fig sweet-COMIT

evidence:
kunbayn 'finish weaving' then yudal 'begin to fill' (phasal sequence); ngunyin dilly-bag (b107); junda fig/plum (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["baluda", "milka-wula", "mukul", "bayan", "minya", "manil", "yungal", "nyubun"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Do not forget the old people back at the camp when you make a good catch, the old woman said, always send them the first and best of the meat.

kuku:
Baluda milka-wula mukul-bama bayan-ba yundu minya ngulkurr mani-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, marri jana-nka minya nyubun ngulkurr bajaku yunga.

analysis:
baluda milka-wula mukul-bama bayan-ba yundu minya ngulkurr mani-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, marri jana-nka minya nyubun ngulkurr bajaku yunga | don't forget old-person camp-LOC you meat good get-SUB, old-woman said, always 3pl-DAT meat first good very send

evidence:
milka-wula 'don't forget the elders' + yungal 'send them' (the first-and-best law); mani-nya 'when you catch'


frame: construction
words_used: ["binalku", "bana", "nyaji-nyaji", "dulngku", "bangka", "yira", "bila", "manil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Remember to watch the water all the time while you glean on the reef, the old man warned the children, or the fast tide will catch you far out.

kuku:
Binalku bana nyaji-nyaji-nka dulngku-ka bangka-nya, mukul-dingkarangka karrkay-karrkay-nka balkan, yira bila yundu kala-kalbay-ka mani-nyji.

analysis:
binalku bana nyaji-nyaji-nka dulngku-ka bangka-nya, mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay-karrkay balka-ny, yira bila yundu kala-kalbay-ka mani-nyji | remember water keep-watching-PURP reef-DAT gather-SUB, old-man-ERG:pt child-REDUP tell, tide fast you far-DAT catch-lest

evidence:
binalku 'remember to watch' + nyaji-nyaji-nka; dulngku reef (b115); mani-nyji 'lest it catch you' (b116); the reef-safety rule


frame: construction
words_used: ["buban", "karrkay", "binal", "yudal", "bubu", "nyubun", "yindu", "kajal", "janjanay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
Little by little the children began to understand, the old woman said, that everything in the country is tied to everything else, and nothing stands alone.

kuku:
Buban-buban karrkay-karrkay binal-ma-l yudal, mukul-jalbu balkan, wubulku bubu-ba nyubun yindu-nka kaja-nya, yamba-kari nyubun-bu janjanay.

analysis:
buban-buban karrkay-karrkay binal-ma-l yudal, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, wubul-ku bubu-ba nyubun yindu-nka kaja-nya, yamba-kari nyubun-bu janjanay | little.by.little child-REDUP understand(know-INCHO) begin, old-woman said, all country-LOC one other-DAT tie-SUB, nothing alone stand

evidence:
yudal 'begin to understand' (binal-ma-l); everything-tied-together; kaja-nya 'tied' (kaja-l tie); janjanay stand (b114)


frame: construction
words_used: ["yala", "mukul", "karrkay", "binal-bungal", "wawu", "babal", "binalku", "milka-wula", "wanja"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.85
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:25:37.449849+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:26:55.509722+00:00
english:
So the old man taught the boy the whole shape of learning, the old woman said: want to know, try with your hands, ask the old people, remember it all, and never forget where you come from.

kuku:
Yala mukul-dingkarangka karrkay binal-ma-l narmba binal-bungal, mukul-jalbu balkan: wawu binal-ma-nka, mara-bu babal, mukul-bama nyaji, narmba binalku, baluda milka-wula wanja-muny yundu kada-n.

analysis:
yala mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay binal-ma-l narmba binal-bungal, mukul-jalbu balka-ny: wawu binal-ma-nka, mara-bu babal, mukul-bama nyaji, narmba binalku, baluda milka-wula wanja-muny yundu kada-ny | thus old-man-ERG:pt child learning whole teach, old-woman said: want know-PURP, hand-INST try, old-person ask, whole remember, don't forget where-ABL you come-PAST

evidence:
⭐ties the batch: wawu 'want' + babal 'try' + nyaji 'ask' + binalku 'remember' + milka-wula 'never forget'; the shape-of-learning


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bindimu", "jarba", "janka", "wunay", "jikan", "kalbay", "bana", "juku", "balkal", "jilba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The black snake lies still in the long grass by the water, the old man warned, so always beat the ground with a stick before you walk through.

kuku:
Bindimu jarba janka wuna jikan kalbay-mba bana ngundu-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, bubu marri juku-bu balka nyubun-bu jilba-nyjiku.

analysis:
bindimu jarba janka wuna jikan kalbay-mba bana ngundu-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bubu marri juku-bu balka nyubun-bu jilba-nyjiku | black.snake snake still lie grass long-LOC water near-LOC, old-man said, ground always stick-INST hit one-INST(first) walk-before

evidence:
⭐bindimu 'black snake'; jarba snake (b115); balka-l 'beat/hit' (also talk); beat-the-ground-warning; jilba-nyjiku 'before walking' (b116)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jinkalmu", "jina", "baykal", "kaja", "junkurr", "janka", "bundal", "baluda", "wanarri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
If a brown snake bites you on the leg, the old woman said, tie the leg tight above the bite at once and sit very still and do not run.

kuku:
Kaki jinkalmu yundu jina baykal, mukul-jalbu balkan, jina junkurr kaja baykal-nya wangkar-a nyiku-nyiku, janka bajaku bunda, baluda wanarri.

analysis:
kaki jinkalmu yundu jina baykal, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jina junkurr kaja baykal-nya wangkar-a nyiku-nyiku, janka bajaku bunda, baluda wanarri | if brown.snake you leg bite, old-woman said, leg tight tie bite-SUB above-LOC soon, still very sit, don't run

evidence:
⭐jinkalmu 'brown snake'; baykal 'bite'; kaki 'if' (b116); snakebite first-aid; baluda wanarri 'don't run' (b110/b116)


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The green tree snake is thin and quick and harmless, the old man said, and it slides through the branches hunting the little frogs and lizards.

kuku:
Kalkamuku jarba dumbi bila buyun-kari, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu dakil-burr mara-warri yirku-yirku bajuy buban-jirr balbi.

analysis:
kalkamuku jarba dumbi bila buyun-kari, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu dakil-burr mara-warri yirku-yirku bajuy buban-jirr balbi | green.tree.snake snake thin fast harm-PRIV, old-man said, 3sg branch-PERL crawl frog lizard small-COMIT hunt

words_used:
["kalkamuku", "jarba", "dumbi", "bila", "buyun", "dakil", "mara-warri", "yirku-yirku", "bajuy", "balbi"]

evidence:
⭐kalkamuku 'green tree snake'; mara-warri CRAWL (single-r ≠ marra-warri fly); dumbi thin (b?); buyun-kari 'harmless' (bad-PRIV b110)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kabul", "yalbay", "baykal", "junkurr", "kadar", "kaja", "karrbal", "wawu", "kunbayn"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The big rock python is not poisonous, the old man said, but it is very strong and wraps around the wallaby and squeezes it until it cannot breathe.

kuku:
Kabul yalbay kari baykal-buyun, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba junkurr bajaku, kadar-ka murru-murru kaja, junkurr karrba wawu kunbayn-nya.

analysis:
kabul yalbay kari baykal-buyun, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba junkurr bajaku, kadar-ka murru-murru kaja, junkurr karrba wawu kunbayn-nya | rock.python big NEG bite-bad(venomous), old-man said, but strong very, wallaby-DAT around wrap(tie), strong hold breath finish-SUB

evidence:
kabul 'rock python' (b115); non-venomous but crushing; kadar wallaby (b117); wawu 'breath' (b110); murru-murru 'around'


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "bindimu", "yararri", "baykal", "bila", "kunil", "bama", "wulal", "mula"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old people fear the black snake most of all, the old man said, for its bite kills quickly, and there is no cure once the poison is in the blood.

kuku:
Mukul-bama bindimu yararri wubulku-muny, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyungu baykal bila kuni, bama wula, mula-ba buyun kada-nya-muny.

analysis:
mukul-bama bindimu yararri wubul-ku-muny, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyungu baykal bila kuni, bama wula, mula-ba buyun kada-nya-muny | old-person black.snake fear all-ABL(most), old-man said, its bite fast kill, person die, blood-LOC bad come-SUB-ABL

evidence:
bindimu black snake; yararri fear (b116); baykal bite; the deadly bite (no 'cure/poison' word — reworded); mula blood (b109)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bakay", "bana", "kajul", "bana-jandu", "wunay", "karrkay", "wanja", "nyajil", "baluda", "maraji"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The water snake lives in the still lagoon and the mangrove creek, the old woman said, and the children must never swim where they have seen one.

kuku:
Bakay bana janka-ba kajul bana-jandu-ngka wuna, mukul-jalbu balkan, karrkay-karrkay wanja jana bakay nyaji-nya-ba baluda maraji.

analysis:
bakay bana janka-ba kajul bana-jandu-ngka wuna, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, karrkay-karrkay wanja jana bakay nyaji-nya-ba baluda maraji | water.snake water still-LOC mangrove creek-LOC lie, old-woman said, child-REDUP where 3pl water.snake see-SUB-LOC don't swim

evidence:
bakay 'water snake'; kajul mangrove (b115); baluda maraji 'don't swim' (b110/b115); where-you've-seen-one


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "jarba", "jina", "jukar", "binal", "kabul", "yalbay", "jijirrbay", "dumbi", "bila"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man could tell every snake by its track in the dust, the old woman said, the broad mark of the python and the thin quick line of the whip snake.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar jarba wubulku-mu jina jukar-a binal, mukul-jalbu balkan, kabul-mu jina yalbay, jijirrbay-mu jina dumbi bila.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar jarba wubul-ku-mu jina jukar-a binal, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kabul-mu jina yalbay, jijirrbay-mu jina dumbi bila | old-man snake all-POSS track dust(sand)-LOC know, old-woman said, python-POSS track big(broad), whip.snake-POSS track thin fast

evidence:
jijirrbay 'whip snake'; jina track (b109); reading-snake-tracks; kudamundu 'behind/trailing' (b116 slow sense reworded)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["dingkar", "kabul", "walmba", "janku", "nyajil", "ngandal", "jambul", "bakal", "wandul", "minya"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
When the men find a python in a hollow log, the old man said, they block both ends and cut it out, for its meat is fat and very good to eat.

kuku:
Dingkar-dingkar kabul walmba janku-ba nyaji-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, jana ngandal jambul nandal, baka ngalkal, nyungu minya wandul ngulkurr nuka-nka.

analysis:
dingkar-dingkar kabul walmba janku-ba nyaji-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, jana ngandal jambul nandal-l, baka ngalkal, nyungu minya wandul ngulkurr nuka-nka | man-REDUP python log hole-LOC see-SUB, old-man said, 3pl mouth(end) two close, dig out, its meat fat good eat-PURP

evidence:
kabul python; walmba 'log'; janku 'hole'; baka-l 'dig out' (b113); wandul fat (b109); python-as-food


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jarba", "buyun", "dakuy", "yararri", "yala", "bubu", "dajil", "balu", "wunay"]
evidence: jarba snake; kari buyun 'not evil'; dakuy hungry (b114); balu 'let be' (b118); snake-respect wisdom
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old woman said the snake is not evil, only hungry and afraid like everything else, so give it room and it will go its own way and leave you alone.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: jarba kari buyun, dakuy yararri-jirr nyubun-bu yala wubulku, bubu daji, nyulu nyungu jangan-a dunga, yundu balu wuna.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: jarba kari buyun, dakuy yararri-jirr nyubun-bu yala wubulku, bubu daji, nyulu nyungu jangan-a dunga, yundu balu wuna | old-woman said: snake NEG evil(bad), hungry fear-COMIT only like all, room give, 3sg its way-LOC go, you let be


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jijirrbay", "dumbi", "yala", "karra", "bila", "miyil", "baykal", "yinbay", "kunil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The whip snake is thin as a bootlace and moves faster than the eye can follow, the old man said, but its bite, though it burns, will not kill a grown person.

kuku:
Jijirrbay dumbi yala karra bila miyil-muny-baja, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyungu baykal, wubul-bu yinbay-mani, kari bama yalbay kuni.

analysis:
jijirrbay dumbi yala karra bila miyil-muny-baja, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyungu baykal, wubul-bu yinbay-mani, kari bama yalbay kuni | whip.snake thin like string fast eye-ABL-more, old-man said, its bite, much-INST burn-CAUS, NEG person big kill

evidence:
jijirrbay whip snake; yala karra 'like string' (b112); miyil eye (b109); baykal bite; painful but not deadly


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "binal", "mara", "janku", "ngumbu", "walmba", "baluda", "jarba", "biringal", "wungar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The children learned never to put a hand into a dark hole or a hollow log, the old woman said, for that is where the snake and the scorpion wait in the day.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay binalman mara janku ngumbu-ba walmba-ba baluda wandi, mukul-jalbu balkan, wanja jarra biringal-jirr wungar-a wuna.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay binal-ma-ny mara janku ngumbu-ba walmba-ba baluda wandi, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, wanja jarba biringal-jirr wungar-a wuna | child-REDUP learn hand hole black-LOC log-LOC don't put, old-woman said, where snake scorpion-COMIT day-LOC lie

evidence:
⭐biringal 'scorpion'; janku hole; walmba log; baluda wandi 'don't put' (b110); never-reach-into-a-hole


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "bindimu", "kunil", "juku", "muku", "junkurr", "walu", "janku", "kaya"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man killed the black snake with one hard blow of the throwing-stick across its back, the old woman said, then buried its head deep so the dogs would not find it.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka bindimu kuni juku-bu nyubun-bu muku-ba junkurr, mukul-jalbu balkan, walu janku dajali-ba wandi, kaya kari mani.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka bindimu kuni juku-bu nyubun-bu muku-ba junkurr, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, walu janku dajali-ba wandi, kaya kari mani | old-man-ERG:pt black.snake kill stick-INST one-INST back-LOC hard, old-woman said, head hole deep-LOC put(bury), dog NEG get

evidence:
bindimu black snake; kuni-l kill; muku back (b109); walu head (b109); janku hole; bury-the-head safety


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jarba", "ngalkal", "wubul", "kaba", "wumbul", "yirku-yirku", "mukul", "bubu", "nyaji-nyaji"]
evidence: jarba snake; kaba-wungar wet season (b116); yirku-yirku frog (b119); watch-every-step-in-the-wet
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man said the snakes come out most in the warm wet season when the frogs are many, and the old people watch the ground with every step then.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: jarba ngalkal wubul kaba-wungar wumbul-ba yirku-yirku wubul-nya, mukul-bama bubu nyaji-nyaji jina nyubun-nyubun-bu.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: jarba ngalkal wubul kaba-wungar wumbul-ba yirku-yirku wubul-nya, mukul-bama bubu nyaji-nyaji jina nyubun-nyubun-bu | old-man said: snake out many wet.season warm-LOC frog many-SUB, old-person ground keep-watching foot each-INST


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jadi", "balbi", "wandul", "bubu", "ngalkal", "kaya", "warri", "walmba", "janku", "karrbal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The sand goanna is good hunting, the old man said, for it is fat and easy on the open ground, and the dogs run it down and hold it at a hollow log.

kuku:
Jadi ngulkurr balbi-nka, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu wandul bubu ngalkal-ba, kaya-kaya warri mani walmba janku-ba karrba.

analysis:
jadi ngulkurr balbi-nka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu wandul bubu ngalkal-ba, kaya-kaya warri mani walmba janku-ba karrba | sand.goanna good hunt-PURP, old-man said, 3sg fat ground open-LOC, dog-REDUP run get log hole-LOC hold

evidence:
⭐jadi 'sand goanna'; balbi-nka 'to hunt'; wandul fat (b109); kaya dog (b116); the goanna-hunt with dogs


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jadi", "kubu", "wumbul", "wajul", "jurrki", "minya", "balbal", "jiba-wulay", "buyi", "kuyu"]
evidence: jadi goanna; kubu coal/ash (b109); jurrki turn (b103); jiba-wulay sweet (b?); goanna-meat prized
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old woman cooked the goanna whole in the hot ashes, the old man said, turning it once, and its white flesh is sweeter than any bird or fish.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu-ngku jadi narmba kubu wumbul-ba waju, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyubun-bu jurrki, nyungu minya balbal jiba-wulay buyi kuyu wubulku-muny.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku jadi narmba kubu wumbul-ba waju, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyubun-bu jurrki, nyungu minya balbal jiba-wulay buyi kuyu wubul-ku-muny | old-woman-ERG:pt sand.goanna whole coal hot-LOC cook, old-man said, one-INST turn, its meat white sweet bird fish all-ABL(than)


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The blue-tongue lizard is slow and gentle and no danger at all, the old woman said, and it shows its bright blue tongue only to frighten away the birds.

kuku:
Bajabaja ngulkurr buyun-kari bajaku, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu nyabil ngumbu-jarra balbal nyaji-mani buyi yararri-bungal-nka nyubun-bu.

analysis:
bajabaja ngulkurr buyun-kari bajaku, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu nyabil ngumbu-jarra balbal nyaji-mani buyi yararri-bungal-nka nyubun-bu | blue.tongue gentle harm-PRIV very, old-woman said, 3sg tongue(nyabil) dark-DEG1 bright show bird make-fear-PURP only

words_used:
["bajabaja", "kudamundu", "ngulkurr", "buyun", "jalany", "ngumbu", "balbal", "nyajil", "buyi", "yararri"]

evidence:
⭐bajabaja 'blue-tongue lizard'; jalany tongue (b109); buyun-kari 'harmless'; shows-tongue-to-scare-birds


frame: lexical
words_used: ["binanjal", "jina", "jambul", "muku", "janjanay", "warri", "yararri", "ngamban", "yala", "kuli"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The frill-necked lizard runs upright on its two back legs when it is frightened, the old man said, and spreads the great frill around its neck like an angry face.

kuku:
Binanjal jina jambul muku-mu-bu janjanay warri yararri-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, walu-ngarr yalbay ngamban murru-murru ngalkal-ma-l yala walu kuli.

analysis:
binanjal jina jambul muku-mu-bu janjanay warri yararri-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, walu-ngarr yalbay ngamban murru-murru ngalkal-ma-l yala walu kuli | frill.neck foot two back-POSS-INST upright(stand) run fear-SUB, old-man said, neck-frill big neck around spread like face angry

evidence:
binanjal 'frill-neck lizard'; janjanay upright/stand (b114); ngamban neck (b109); yala walu kuli 'like an angry face' (b112)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bilbil-bilbil", "wurun", "bukul", "wangkar", "ngalkal", "wujurr", "yirrkal", "kima", "kamu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The little gecko lives in the roof of the bark shelter and comes out at night, the old woman said, and it clicks and calls softly and eats the mosquitoes.

kuku:
Bilbil-bilbil wurun dumbul-mu wangkar-a wuna ngalkal wujurr-ba, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu yirrka bada kima kamu nuka.

analysis:
bilbil-bilbil wurun dumbul-mu wangkar-a wuna ngalkal wujurr-ba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu yirrka bada kima kamu nuka | gecko humpy bark-POSS top-LOC lie out night-LOC, old-woman said, 3sg call low soft mosquito eat

evidence:
⭐bilbil-bilbil 'gecko'; wurun humpy (b118); bukul bark (b113); kamu mosquito (b119); the roof-gecko eats mosquitoes


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bilngkumu", "minya", "mukul", "yararri", "maraji", "kuyu", "ngandal", "kambal-kambal", "wanja"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The crocodile is the one creature the old people feared above all, the old man said, and no one swims or fishes at the muddy river-mouth where it waits.

kuku:
Bilngkumu minya nyubun mukul-bama yararri wubulku-muny, mukul-dingkar balkan, kari bama maraji kuyu mani-nka ngandal kambal-kambal-ba wanja nyulu wuna.

analysis:
bilngkumu minya nyubun mukul-bama yararri wubul-ku-muny, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kari bama maraji kuyu mani-nka ngandal kambal-kambal-ba wanja nyulu wuna | crocodile creature one old-person fear all-ABL(most), old-man said, NEG person swim fish get-PURP river.mouth mud-LOC where 3sg lie

evidence:
⭐bilngkumu 'crocodile' (b116); most-feared; ngandal river-mouth (b109); kambal-kambal mud (b115); no-swimming-there


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bilngkumu", "janka", "wunay", "yala", "walmba", "bana", "kadar", "kaya", "bila", "manil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man said the crocodile lies as still as a floating log for a long time, then takes the wallaby or the dog at the water's edge in one great rush.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: bilngkumu janka wuna yala walmba bana-ba warri-nya marri, yinyamun kadar kaya-jirr bana ngandal-ba nyubun-bu bila mani.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: bilngkumu janka wuna yala walmba bana-ba warri-nya marri, yinyamun kadar kaya-jirr bana ngandal-ba nyubun-bu bila mani | old-man said: crocodile still lie like log water-LOC drift-SUB long, then wallaby dog-COMIT water edge-LOC one-INST fast take

evidence:
bilngkumu crocodile; yala walmba 'like a log' (b112); walmba log; the ambush at the water's edge; bila fast (b112)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kalajarr", "juku", "kalbay", "dakal", "buyi", "manil", "kaya", "kanga", "ngundu", "wangkar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The scrub goanna climbs the tall trees to raid the birds' nests, the old man said, and when a dog chases it, it runs up the nearest trunk out of reach.

kuku:
Kalajarr juku kalbay daka buyi-bubu mani-nka, mukul-dingkar balkan, kaya kanga-nya, nyulu juku ngundu-ka daka wangkar-a.

analysis:
kalajarr juku kalbay daka buyi-bubu mani-nka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kaya kanga-nya, nyulu juku ngundu-ka daka wangkar-a | scrub.goanna tree tall climb bird-nest get-PURP, old-man said, dog chase-SUB, 3sg tree near-DAT climb up-LOC

evidence:
⭐kalajarr 'scrub goanna'; daka-l climb (b116); buyi-bubu nest (b117); kanga chase (b116); climbs-out-of-reach


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "jabil", "kulji", "wumbul", "wungar", "wangkar-wangkar", "manil", "mukul", "balu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The children caught the little scrub lizards on the warm rocks in the middle of the day, the old woman said, but the old people said to let them go.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay jabil buban kulji wumbul-ba wungar wangkar-wangkar-a mani, mukul-jalbu balkan, yamba mukul-bama balkan jana balu dunga.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay jabil buban kulji wumbul-ba wungar wangkar-wangkar-a mani, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yamba mukul-bama balka-ny jana balu dunga | child-REDUP scrub.lizard small rock warm-LOC midday-LOC catch, old-woman said, but old-person said 3pl let go

evidence:
jabil 'scrub lizard'; kulji rock (b107); wangkar-wangkar midday (b111); balu dunga 'let them go' (ex.570, b118)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jadi", "wandul", "mukul", "ganggal", "bunku", "murni", "yindu", "wumbul", "ngulkurr"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man said the goanna's fat was rubbed on the sore joints of the old people, and nothing else made them warm and easy again so well.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: jadi-mu wandul mukul-bama-mu bunku-ka murni, yindu-yindu kari jana wumbul ngulkurr-bungal yala.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: jadi-mu wandul mukul-bama-mu bunku-ka murni, yindu-yindu kari jana wumbul ngulkurr-bungal yala | old-man said: sand.goanna-POSS fat old-person-POSS joint-DAT rub, other-REDUP NEG 3pl warm good-make like

evidence:
jadi goanna; wandul fat (b109); ganggal skin (b109); bunku knee/joint (b109); murni-l rub (b113); goanna-fat medicine


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bilbil-bilbil", "jawun", "ngulkurr", "wurun", "kamu", "ngirran", "wujurr", "yamba-kari", "wawu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The gecko is a good friend to have in the shelter, the old woman said, for it eats the mosquitoes and the moths all night and asks for nothing in return.

kuku:
Bilbil-bilbil jawun ngulkurr wurun-ba, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu kamu ngirran-jirr wujurr narmba nuka, yamba-kari wawu-ma-l.

analysis:
bilbil-bilbil jawun ngulkurr wurun-ba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu kamu ngirran-jirr wujurr narmba nuka, yamba-kari wawu-ma-l | gecko friend good humpy-LOC, old-woman said, 3sg mosquito beetle-COMIT night whole eat, nothing want

evidence:
bilbil-bilbil gecko; jawun friend (b118); kamu mosquito; ngirran beetle (b117); yamba-kari 'nothing' (b110); the helpful gecko


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jadi", "jarba", "jawun", "kalbay-muny", "ganggal", "nyunbay", "jirakal", "balbal", "julbi"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man said the goanna and the snake are cousins from long ago, and cast off the old and come out new and shining underneath.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: jadi jarba-jirr jawun-jawun kalbay-muny-mu, jambulu narmba nyunba, jirakal balbal julbi-ba ngalkal-ma-l.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: jadi jarba-jirr jawun-jawun kalbay-muny-mu, jambulu narmba nyunba, jirakal balbal julbi-ba ngalkal-ma-l | old-man said: sand.goanna snake-COMIT cousin-REDUP long.ago-POSS, both whole shed(renew), new bright inside-LOC out-INCHO

evidence:
jadi goanna + jarba snake; ganggal skin (b109); nyunba 'shed/turn' (b116); jirakal new (b118); skin-shedding lore


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bilngkumu", "yirrkal", "junkurr", "wujurr", "kaba", "yudal", "bama", "binal", "niji"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
When the crocodile makes its low roaring call in the night at the start of the wet, the old woman said, everyone knows the big rains are truly coming now.

kuku:
Bilngkumu yirrka bada junkurr wujurr-ba kaba-wungar yudal-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, bama wubulku binal kaba yalbay niji kada-nya nyawa.

analysis:
bilngkumu yirrka bada junkurr wujurr-ba kaba-wungar yudal-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, bama wubulku binal kaba yalbay niji kaday-nya nyawa | crocodile call low strong night-LOC wet.season begin-SUB, old-woman said, person all know rain big now come-SUB truly

evidence:
bilngkumu crocodile; yirrka call (b114); kaba-wungar yudal 'the wet begins' (yudal b114); crocodile-roar = the rains


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
When the first big rains fall, the old man said, a thousand frogs begin to call all at once from the flooded ground, and the whole night is loud with them.

kuku:
Kaba yalbay yudal daray-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, yirku-yirku wubul bajaku yirrka yudal bubu jalungkarr-muny nyubun-bu, wujurr narmba junkurr jana-bu.

analysis:
kaba yalbay yudal daray-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yirku-yirku wubul bajaku yirrka yudal bubu jalungkarr-muny nyubun-bu, wujurr narmba junkurr jana-bu | rain big first fall-SUB, old-man said, frog many very call begin ground flood-ABL together, night whole loud 3pl-INST

words_used:
["kaba", "yudal", "daray", "yirku-yirku", "wubul", "yirrkal", "bubu", "jalungkarr", "wujurr", "junkurr"]

evidence:
⭐yirku-yirku 'frog'; daray fall (b116); yirrka yudal 'begin to call' (b118); jalungkarr flood (b116); the frog-chorus


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The big green frog sits fat and still on the broad leaf by the waterhole, the old woman said, and the children love to watch it swell up and call.

kuku:
Karrkurr yalbay wandul janka birra kalbay-mba bana-mabi ngundu-ba bunda, mukul-jalbu balkan, karrkay-karrkay nyaji-nyaji yajarri nyulu yalbay-ma-l yirrka-nya.

analysis:
karrkurr yalbay wandul janka birra kalbay-mba bana-mabi ngundu-ba bunda, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, karrkay-karrkay nyaji-nyaji yajarri nyulu yalbay-ma-l yirrka-nya | green.frog big fat still leaf broad(long)-LOC waterhole near-LOC sit, old-woman said, child-REDUP keep-watching laugh 3sg big-INCHO call-SUB

words_used:
["karrkurr", "yalbay", "wandul", "birra", "bana-mabi", "bundal", "karrkay", "nyaji-nyaji", "yajarril"]

evidence:
⭐karrkurr 'green frog'; birra leaf (b113); bana-mabi waterhole (b115); yalbay-ma-l 'swells up' (no 'swell' word); the watched frog


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man said the frog buries itself deep in the cracked mud all through the long dry, and lies as if dead until the first rain wakes it again.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: yirku-yirku kambal-kambal dumbarri-nya-ba dajali janku baka marral-wungar narmba, wuna yala wula-nya kaba yudal-nya-muny.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: yirku-yirku kambal-kambal dumbarri-nya-ba dajali janku baka marral-wungar narmba, wuna yala wula-nya kaba yudal-nya-muny | old-man said: frog mud crack-SUB-LOC deep hole dig dry.season whole, lie like die-SUB rain begin-SUB-ABL

words_used:
["yirku-yirku", "kambal-kambal", "dumbarril", "dajali", "janku", "bakal", "marral", "wunay", "kaba"]

evidence:
yirku-yirku frog; kambal-kambal mud (b115); baka-l dig (b113); marral-wungar dry season (b111); the aestivating frog


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The children caught the little frogs at the edge of the swamp, the old woman said, but the old people told them to put every one back, for the frogs feed the snakes and the birds.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay yirku-yirku buban daburr ngandal-ba mani, mukul-jalbu balkan, yamba mukul-bama-ngku jana-nka balkan nyubun-nyubun wandi-baja, yirku-yirku jarba buyi-jirr mayi daji.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay yirku-yirku buban daburr ngandal-ba mani, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yamba mukul-bama-ngku jana-nka balka-ny nyubun-nyubun wandi-baja, yirku-yirku jarba buyi-jirr mayi daji | child-REDUP frog small swamp edge-LOC catch, old-woman said, but old-person-ERG:pt 3pl(DAT) tell each put-again, frog snake bird-COMIT food give

words_used:
["karrkay", "yirku-yirku", "daburr", "ngandal", "manil", "mukul", "balkal", "jarba", "buyi", "dajil"]

evidence:
yirku-yirku frog; daburr swamp (b?); put-them-back law; frogs-feed-the-food-chain; daji-l give (b118)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkurr", "ganggal", "ngiki", "duna", "wungar-iji", "mukul", "binal", "bana", "bubu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The green frog is cool and wet to the touch even in the hottest sun, the old man said, and the old people knew it as a sign of clean water close underground.

kuku:
Karrkurr ngiki duna wungar-iji junkurr-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, mukul-bama binalman yala bana ngulkurr bubu bada ngundu.

analysis:
karrkurr ngiki duna wungar-iji junkurr-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, mukul-bama binal-ma-ny yala bana ngulkurr bubu bada ngundu | green.frog cool wet hot.season strong-LOC, old-man said, old-person know like water good ground below near

evidence:
karrkurr green frog; ganggal skin (b109); ngiki cool (b115); duna wet (b115); wungar-iji hot season (b111); frog=water-sign


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yirku-yirku", "yirrkal", "kulur", "yindu", "kaba", "mukul", "binal", "jarramali", "wanyu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old woman said the frogs call in three different voices before the rain, and the old people could tell where the storm was by which voice sang loudest.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: yirku-yirku yirrka kulur yindu-yindu kaba kada-nyjiku, mukul-bama binal jarramali wanja wanyu yirrka junkurr bajaku.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: yirku-yirku yirrka kulur yindu-yindu kaba kaday-nyjiku, mukul-bama binal jarramali wanja wanyu yirrka junkurr bajaku | old-woman said: frog call three other-REDUP rain come-before, old-person know thunderstorm where who call loud very

evidence:
yirku-yirku frog; kulur three (b116); yindu-yindu 'different' (b112); jarramali storm (b111); reading-the-storm-by-frog-voices


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yirku-yirku", "binal-bungal", "bama", "bundanday", "marral", "balka", "yirrkal", "kaba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man said the frog is a patient teacher: it waits in the ground through the whole long dry without complaint, and sings the moment the rain comes.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: yirku-yirku binal-bungal-bama kangarr, nyulu bubu-ba bundanday marral-wungar narmba balka-kari, yirrka kaba kada-nya-ba nyubun-bu.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: yirku-yirku binal-bungal-bama kangarr, nyulu bubu-ba bundanday marral-wungar narmba balka-kari, yirrka kaba kaday-nya-ba nyubun-bu | old-man said: frog teacher patient, 3sg ground-LOC stay dry.season whole talk-PRIV, call rain come-SUB-LOC one-INST(the.moment)

evidence:
yirku-yirku frog; binal-bungal-bama 'teacher' (b118); bundanday stay (b114); balka-kari 'without complaint' (PRIV b110)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yirku-yirku", "yirrkal", "kunbayn", "wujurr", "jarba", "mara-warri", "ngumbu", "buri", "bunga"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
When the frogs suddenly all fall silent in the night, the old woman warned, then a snake is moving among them in the dark, and you must build the fire up.

kuku:
Yirku-yirku wubulku nyubun-bu yirrka kunbayn wujurr-ba, mukul-jalbu balkan, jarba jana-nga mara-warri ngumbu-ba, yundu buri yalbay bunga.

analysis:
yirku-yirku wubul-ku nyubun-bu yirrka kunbayn wujurr-ba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jarba jana-nga mara-warri ngumbu-ba, yundu buri yalbay bunga | frog all together call finish night-LOC, old-woman said, snake 3pl-LOC crawl dark-LOC, you fire big make

evidence:
the frog-silence = a snake; yirrka kunbayn 'fall silent' (kunbayn b114); mara-warri CRAWL (single-r); build-up-the-fire


frame: lexical
words_used: ["wujurr", "kaba", "kamu", "wubul", "daburr", "ngurrban", "birra", "waju", "kubu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
At dusk in the wet season the mosquitoes come up in clouds from the swamp, the old man said, so the people burn green leaves to make a smoke and keep them off.

kuku:
Wujurr-ma-nya kaba-wungar-a kamu wubul daburr-muny ngurrban yala kaday, mukul-dingkar balkan, bama birra biral waju kubu bunga-nka, kamu ngalka-nka.

analysis:
wujurr-ma-nya kaba-wungar-a kamu wubul daburr-muny ngurrban yala kaday, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bama birra biral waju kubu bunga-nka, kamu ngalka-nka | dusk wet.season-LOC mosquito many swamp-ABL cloud like come, old-man said, person leaf green burn smoke make-PURP, mosquito drive.off-PURP

evidence:
⭐kamu 'mosquito'; yala ngurrban 'like a cloud' (b112); the smoke-fire against mosquitoes; kubu smoke (b109)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["diri-diri", "buban", "kamu", "buyun", "nyajil", "milka-janay", "baykal", "jalngkay", "wungar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The tiny sandflies are worse than the mosquitoes, the old woman said, for you cannot see them or hear them, and their bite itches for days afterward.

kuku:
Diri-diri buban kamu-muny buyun-baja, mukul-jalbu balkan, yundu jana nyaji kari milka-janay kari, nyungu baykal jalngkay wungar wubul kada-baja.

analysis:
diri-diri buban kamu-muny buyun-baja, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yundu jana nyaji kari milka-janay kari, nyungu baykal jalngkay wungar wubul kada-baja | sandfly small mosquito-ABL(than) worse, old-woman said, you 3pl see NEG hear NEG, its bite itch day many after

evidence:
⭐diri-diri 'sandfly'; worse-than-mosquitoes (comparison b112); baykal bite; jalngkay 'itch'; the unseen biter


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "munjurr", "mara", "mujal", "bana", "murni", "bambay", "ngulkurr"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old people gathered the green ants by the handful and crushed them into water for a sharp sour drink, the old man said, and it made a sick person well.

kuku:
Mukul-bama munjurr mara-bu mujal, bana-ka murni ngunyanji-mani-nka, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu bama bambay ngulkurr-bungal.

analysis:
mukul-bama munjurr mara-bu mujal, bana-ka murni ngunyanji-mani-nka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu bama bambay ngulkurr-bungal | old-person green.ant hand-INST gather, water-DAT crush(rub) sharp-make-PURP, old-man said, 3sg person sick good-make(heal)

evidence:
⭐munjurr 'green ant'; mujal gather (b113); murni-l crush/rub (b113); bambay sick (b116); green-ant medicine-drink (no 'medicine' word)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mujurr", "yalbay", "wandul", "juku", "ngara", "bakal", "waju-kari", "nukal", "kubu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The big fat witchetty grubs live in the roots of the certain tree, the old woman said, and the children dig them out and eat them raw or roast them in the coals.

kuku:
Mujurr yalbay wandul juku yindu-mu ngara-ba wuna, mukul-jalbu balkan, karrkay-karrkay baka ngalkal, waju-kari nuka kubu-ba waju-jirr.

analysis:
mujurr yalbay wandul juku yindu-mu ngara-ba wuna, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, karrkay-karrkay baka ngalkal, waju-kari nuka kubu-ba waju-jirr | witchetty.grub big fat tree certain-POSS root-LOC lie, old-woman said, child-REDUP dig out, uncooked eat coal-LOC cook-COMIT

evidence:
⭐mujurr 'witchetty grub' (≠ munjurr green-ant); ngara root (b113); baka-l dig out (b113); waju-kari 'raw/uncooked' (b118); grub-food


frame: lexical
words_used: ["ngamurr", "kuja", "nyubun", "nganka", "manil", "jina", "dunga", "bundanday", "juku", "janku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
To find the wild honey, the old man said, catch one small sugarbag bee at the flower and follow it, slow and patient, all the way home to its nest in the tree.

kuku:
Ngamurr mani-nka, mukul-dingkar balkan, kuja buban nyubun nganka-ba mani jina-bu dunga, janka bundanday, juku nyungu janku-ka narmba.

analysis:
ngamurr mani-nka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kuja buban nyubun nganka-ba mani jina-bu dunga, janka bundanday, juku nyungu janku-ka narmba | honey get-PURP, old-man said, sugarbag.bee small one flower-LOC catch track-INST go, quietly patient(stay), tree its hole-DAT whole

evidence:
⭐kuja 'sugarbag/stingless bee'; ngamurr honey (b114); nganka flower (b116); follow-the-bee-home; janku hole (b119)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "juku", "bakal", "ngamurr", "ngumbu", "jiba-wulay", "kuja", "wandul", "muru", "dajil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man cut into the tree and pulled out the dark sweet sugarbag honey, the old woman said, comb and wax and grubs together, and shared it among all the children.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka juku baka, ngamurr ngumbu jiba-wulay ngalkal mani, kuja-mu bayan wandul karrkay-jirr muru, mukul-jalbu balkan, karrkay-karrkay wubulku-nka daji.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka juku baka, ngamurr ngumbu jiba-wulay ngalkal mani, kuja-mu bayan wandul karrkay-jirr muru, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, karrkay-karrkay wubul-ku-nka daji | old-man-ERG:pt tree dig, honey dark sweet out take, bee-POSS comb(camp) wax grub-COMIT together, old-woman said, child-REDUP all-DAT share

evidence:
kuja sugarbag; ngamurr honey; baka-l cut/dig (b113); kuja-mu bayan 'the bees' comb'; daji-l share (b118); sharing-the-honey


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkil", "baykal", "yala", "buri", "wanja", "bundal", "ngunyin", "baluda", "jina"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The red jumper ants have a bite like fire, the old woman warned, so watch where you sit and never put your dilly-bag down on their track.

kuku:
Karrkil-mu baykal yala buri, mukul-jalbu balkan, wanja yundu bunda nyaji, ngunyin baluda wandi jana-mu jina-ba.

analysis:
karrkil-mu baykal yala buri, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, wanja yundu bunda nyaji, ngunyin baluda wandi jana-mu jina-ba | red.jumper.ant-POSS bite like fire, old-woman said, where you sit look, dilly.bag don't put 3pl-POSS track-LOC

evidence:
⭐karrkil 'red jumper ant'; baykal yala buri 'bite like fire' (b112); ngunyin dilly-bag (b107); baluda wandi 'don't put' (b110)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["malal", "jinbal", "yalbay", "junkurr", "jina", "wandil", "wunkuwingku", "bama", "madja"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The spider hangs its wide strong web across the narrow path in the early morning, the old man said, and the first person through the scrub walks right into it.

kuku:
Malal nyungu jinbal yalbay junkurr jina buban-ba wandi wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, bama nyubun madja-burr jilba jinbal-ka daka.

analysis:
malal nyungu jinbal yalbay junkurr jina buban-ba wandi wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bama nyubun madja-burr jilba jinbal-ka daka | spider its web big strong path narrow-LOC put morning-LOC, old-man said, person one scrub-PERL walk web-DAT enter(climb)

evidence:
⭐malal 'spider'; jinbal 'web/string' (b?); jina 'path' (foot/track); the web-across-the-path; wunkuwingku morning (b111)


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The loud cicadas sing in the trees all through the hottest part of the day, the old woman said, and when they suddenly stop, the whole scrub goes strangely quiet.

kuku:
Kurrmbal wubul juku-ba yirrka wungar-iji wangkar-wangkar-a, mukul-jalbu balkan, jana nyubun-bu yirrka kunbayn-nya, madja narmba janka yindu-mal.

analysis:
kurrmbal wubul juku-ba yirrka wungar-iji wangkar-wangkar-a, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jana nyubun-bu yirrka kunbayn-nya, madja narmba janka yindu-mal | cicada many tree-LOC call hot.season midday-LOC, old-woman said, 3pl together call finish-SUB, scrub whole quiet other-become

words_used:
["kurrmbal", "wubul", "juku", "yirrkal", "wungar-iji", "wangkar-wangkar", "kunbayn", "madja", "janka"]

evidence:
⭐kurrmbal 'cicada'; wungar-iji hot season (b111); yirrka kunbayn 'stop singing'; the sudden cicada-silence


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The black ants march in a long line carrying seeds and dead insects back to their nest, the old man said, and the old people watched them to learn where the food was.

kuku:
Jabarrangkul karra marri-ba diburr minya wula-nya-jirr jana-mu janku-ka jarra-kulba, mukul-dingkar balkan, mukul-bama nyaji-nyaji binal wanja mayi wuna-nya.

analysis:
jabarrangkul karra marri-ba diburr minya wula-nya-jirr jana-mu janku-ka jarra-kulba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, mukul-bama nyaji-nyaji binal wanja mayi wuna-nya | black.ant line long-LOC seed insect die-SUB-COMIT 3pl-POSS hole-DAT carry, old-man said, old-person keep-watching know where food lie-SUB

words_used:
["jabarrangkul", "karra", "diburr", "minya", "janku", "jarra-kulba", "mukul", "nyaji-nyaji", "mayi"]

evidence:
⭐jabarrangkul 'black ant'; karra line/string; diburr seed (b113); janku hole (b119); watching-ants-to-find-food


frame: lexical
words_used: ["durra", "birra", "nukalkal", "yalbay", "nyunbay", "yindu", "ngalkal", "nangki", "jirakal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old woman said the caterpillar eats and eats the leaves and grows fat, then wraps itself away and comes out changed into a moth on new wings.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu balkan: durra birra nukalkal yalbay-ma-l, yinyamun nyunba-yi wuna, yindu-mal ngalkal-ma-l buyi nangki jirakal-jirr.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny: durra birra nuka-l-nuka-l yalbay-ma-l, yinyamun nyunba-yi wuna, yindu-ma-l ngalkal-ma-l buyi nangki jirakal-jirr | old-woman said: caterpillar leaf keep-eating big-INCHO, then wrap-REFL lie, other-become out-INCHO insect wing new-COMIT

evidence:
⭐durra 'caterpillar'; nukalkal 'keeps eating' (b114); yindu-mal 'transforms' (become-other); nangki wing (b117); metamorphosis


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kuyu", "minya", "baluda", "ngalkal", "wungar", "marra-warri", "karrkay", "kandal", "kabu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
Do not leave the fish or the meat out uncovered in the day, the old woman warned, or the flies will lay their eggs and the maggots will spoil all of it by night.

kuku:
Kuyu minya baluda ngalkal-ba wungar-a wandi, mukul-jalbu balkan, marra-warri karrkay wandi, kandal wubulku kabu-bungal wujurr kada-nyjiku.

analysis:
kuyu minya baluda ngalkal-ba wungar-a wandi, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, marra-warri karrkay wandi, kandal wubulku kabu-bungal wujurr kaday-nyjiku | fish meat don't open-LOC day-LOC leave, old-woman said, fly young lay(put), maggot all rotten-make night come-before

evidence:
⭐kandal 'maggot'; marra-warri FLY (double-r ≠ mara-warri crawl); kabu-bungal 'makes rotten' (kabu b116 + CAUS); cover-the-food


frame: lexical
words_used: ["munjurr", "janku", "bunga", "birra", "murru-murru", "kulba", "jinbal", "karrkay", "nyubun"]
evidence: munjurr green ant; janku nest/hole; jinbal 'silk/web' (b?); the green-ants' leaf-nest; all-as-one
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man said the green ants build their whole nest by pulling living leaves together with a silk the little ones make, all working as one.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: munjurr jana-mu janku narmba bunga birra kaya-nya murru-murru kulba jinbal karrkay-mu bunga-nya-bu, wubulku nyubun-bu jana.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: munjurr jana-mu janku narmba bunga birra kaya-nya murru-murru kulba jinbal karrkay-mu bunga-nya-bu, wubulku nyubun-bu jana | old-man said: green.ant 3pl-POSS nest whole make leaf living around pull silk young-POSS make-SUB-INST, all one-INST 3pl


frame: lexical
words_used: ["birinjil", "biringal", "bukul", "kulji", "bada", "wungar", "bilangkurr", "balkal", "wunay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The centipede and the scorpion both hide under the bark and the stones in the day, the old woman said, so shake out your blanket and your bedding before you lie down.

kuku:
Birinjil biringal-jirr jambulu dumbul kulji-jirr bada-ba wungar-a wuna, mukul-jalbu balkan, bilangkurr kararr-jirr balka wuna-nyjiku.

analysis:
birinjil biringal-jirr jambulu dumbul kulji-jirr bada-ba wungar-a wuna, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, bilangkurr kararr-jirr balka wuna-nyjiku | centipede scorpion-COMIT both bark(dumbul) stone-COMIT below-LOC day-LOC lie, old-woman said, blanket bedding-COMIT shake sleep-before

evidence:
⭐birinjil 'centipede' + biringal 'scorpion'; bukul bark (b113); bilangkurr blanket (b117); kararr bedding; shake-your-bedding caution


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kuja", "baykal", "yinbay", "mulma", "yalbay", "bama", "bunku", "bada"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
The old man said the little stingless sugarbag bee does not hurt you at all, but the big hornet has a sting that will drop a grown man to his knees.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar balkan: kuja buban baykal-kari, yundu kari yinbay-mani, yamba mulma yalbay-mu baykal bama yalbay bunku-ka bada-bungal.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny: kuja buban baykal-kari, yundu kari yinbay-mani, yamba mulma yalbay-mu baykal bama yalbay bunku-ka bada-bungal | old-man said: sugarbag.bee small bite-PRIV, you NEG hurt-CAUS, but hornet big-POSS sting(bite) person big knee-DAT down-make

evidence:
⭐mulma 'hornet'; kuja sugarbag bee; baykal-kari 'stingless' (bite-PRIV b110); bunku knee (b109); bada-bungal 'drops down'


frame: lexical
status: accepted
confidence: 0.85
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:40:38.122921+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:42:05.393474+00:00
english:
So the old man named the whole crawling world for the boy — snake and goanna and frog, ant and grub and sugarbag bee, spider and cicada and the biting fly — every one with its own place in the country.

kuku:
Yala mukul-dingkarangka minya mara-warri-mu narmba karrkay-nka burri — jarba jadi yirku-yirku-jirr, munjurr mujurr kuja-jirr, malal kurrmbal marra-warri baykal-jirr — nyubun-nyubun nyungu bubu-ba nyubun.

analysis:
yala mukul-dingkar-angka minya mara-warri-mu narmba karrkay-nka burri — jarba jadi yirku-yirku-jirr, munjurr mujurr kuja-jirr, malal kurrmbal marra-warri baykal-jirr — nyubun-nyubun nyungu bubu-ba nyubun | thus old-man-ERG:pt creature crawl-POSS whole child-DAT name — snake goanna frog, green.ant grub sugarbag.bee, spider cicada fly biting-COMIT — each its country-LOC one(place)

words_used:
["yala", "mukul", "minya", "mara-warri", "karrkay", "burri", "jarba", "jadi", "yirku-yirku", "malal"]

evidence:
⭐full crawling-world inventory: jarba/jadi/yirku-yirku/munjurr/mujurr/kuja/malal/kurrmbal; burri name (b109); each-in-its-place


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "nyajil", "bambayal", "bakal", "wunkuwingku", "kirraji", "binal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old man watched the boy digging for the yams all morning, the old woman said, and he saw the child had learned the work well.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay nyaji-l-nyaji-n, bambayal baka-l-baka-nya wunkuwingku narmba, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu nyaji karrkay kirraji ngulkurr binalman.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay nyaji-l-nyaji-n, bambayal baka-l-baka-nya wunkuwingku narmba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu nyaji karrkay kirraji ngulkurr binal-ma-ny | old-man-ERG:pt child watch-l-REDUP-PAST, yam dig-l-REDUP-SUB morning whole, old-woman said, 3sg see child work(kirraji) good learn-PAST

evidence:
⭐SIMULTANEOUS: baka-l-baka-nya 'digging' (redup + SUB, ex.458); perception main verb nyaji-l-nyaji-n; bambayal yam (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["jalbu", "mukul", "nyajil", "diburr", "murni", "kulji", "balbal", "yalaku", "miyil", "binal"]
evidence: murni-l-murni-nya 'grinding' (simultaneous); yalaku way/custom (b118); learning-by-watching
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The girl watched the old women grinding the seeds on the flat stones, the old man said, learning the whole way of it with her eyes.

kuku:
Jalbu-ngku mukul-jalbu-jalbu nyaji-l-nyaji-n, diburr murni-l-murni-nya kulji balbal-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, narmba yalaku miyil-bu binalman.

analysis:
jalbu-ngku mukul-jalbu-jalbu nyaji-l-nyaji-n, diburr murni-l-murni-nya kulji balbal-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, narmba yalaku miyil-bu binal-ma-ny | girl-ERG:pt old-woman-REDUP watch-l-REDUP-PAST, seed grind-l-REDUP-SUB stone flat-LOC, old-man said, whole way eye-INST learn-PAST


frame: construction
words_used: ["warru", "nyajil", "kuyu", "dama", "bana", "balbal", "janka", "janjanay", "kulji"]
evidence: dama-l-dama-nya 'spearing' (redup + SUB, ex.459); janjanay stand still (b114); the still fisherman
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
I saw the young man spearing the fish in the clear pool, the old man said, standing so still and quiet on the flat rock.

kuku:
Ngayu warru nyaji-n, kuyu dama-l-dama-nya bana balbal-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, janka bajaku janjanay kulji balbal-ba.

analysis:
ngayu warru nyaji-n, kuyu dama-l-dama-nya bana balbal-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, janka bajaku janjanay kulji balbal-ba | 1sg young.man see-PAST, fish spear-l-REDUP-SUB water clear-LOC, old-man said, still very stand rock flat-LOC


frame: construction
words_used: ["ngamu", "karrkay", "nyajil", "janji", "bana", "ngandal", "miyil", "nyubun", "manil"]
evidence: janji-janji-nya 'bathing' (simultaneous); janji bathe (janji-l/janji-manil); never-looking-away
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The mother watched her little child bathing at the edge of the shallow water, the old woman said, never once taking her eyes away from him.

kuku:
Ngamu-ngku karrkay buban nyaji-l-nyaji-n, janji-janji-nya bana buban-ba ngandal-ba, mukul-jalbu balkan, miyil kari nyubun-bu nyungu-muny mani.

analysis:
ngamu-ngku karrkay buban nyaji-l-nyaji-n, janji-janji-nya bana buban-ba ngandal-ba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, miyil kari nyubun-bu nyungu-muny mani | mother-ERG:pt child small watch-l-REDUP-PAST, bathe-REDUP-SUB water shallow-LOC edge-LOC, old-woman said, eye NEG one-INST him-ABL take


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "bundal", "nyajil", "warru", "jurbu", "buri", "yalbay", "wujurr", "wumbul"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old people sat and watched the young men dancing the corroboree by the great fire, the old man said, all through the long warm night.

kuku:
Mukul-bama bunda nyaji-l-nyaji-n, warru-warru jurbu-jurbu-nya buri yalbay-mba, mukul-dingkar balkan, wujurr marri wumbul narmba.

analysis:
mukul-bama bunda nyaji-l-nyaji-n, warru-warru jurbu-jurbu-nya buri yalbay-mba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, wujurr marri wumbul narmba | old-person sit watch-l-REDUP-PAST, young.man-REDUP dance-REDUP-SUB fire big-LOC, old-man said, night long warm whole

evidence:
jurbu-jurbu-nya 'dancing' (simultaneous, cf. ex.464 wuri-n-wuri-nya); jurbu dance (b116); the corroboree-watching


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaya", "janjanay", "nyajil", "kadar", "nukal", "jikan", "madja", "jina", "wandil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The dog stood watching the wallaby feeding on the grass at the edge of the scrub, the old man said, and it did not move a single step.

kuku:
Kaya janjanay nyaji-l-nyaji-n, kadar nuka-nuka-nya jikan-ba madja ngandal-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu kari nyubun-bu jina wandi.

analysis:
kaya janjanay nyaji-l-nyaji-n, kadar nuka-nuka-nya jikan-ba madja ngandal-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu kari nyubun-bu jina wandi | dog stand watch-l-REDUP-PAST, wallaby eat-REDUP-SUB grass-LOC scrub edge-LOC, old-man said, 3sg NEG one-INST foot move

evidence:
nuka-nuka-nya 'feeding' (simultaneous, ex.461); kaya dog (b116); kadar wallaby (b117); the motionless dog


frame: construction
words_used: ["yununy", "milka-janay", "yirrkal", "ngumbu", "bila", "kaday", "buri", "wumbul", "manil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
I heard you calling out in the dark, the old woman said, and I came quickly with a hot firestick to find you.

kuku:
Ngayu yununy milka-janay, yundu yirrka-yirrka-nya ngumbu-ba, mukul-jalbu balkan, ngayu bila kaday buri wumbul-jirr yundu mani-nka.

analysis:
ngayu yununy milka-janay, yundu yirrka-yirrka-nya ngumbu-ba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, ngayu bila kaday buri wumbul-jirr yundu mani-nka | 1sg you(ACC) hear, you call-REDUP-SUB dark-LOC, old-woman said, 1sg fast come fire hot-COMIT you find-PURP

evidence:
yirrka-yirrka-nya 'calling' (simultaneous, ex.457 yurmbi-l-yurmbi-nya); yununy 2sg ACC (b118); milka-janay hear (b109)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "jalbu", "nyajil", "ngunyin", "jaba", "wangay", "mara", "bila", "junkurr"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old man watched the woman weaving the dilly-bag from the vine, the old woman said, and he saw that her fingers were quick and sure.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkarangka jalbu nyaji-l-nyaji-n, ngunyin jaba-l-jaba-nya wangay-mu, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu nyaji nyungu mara bila junkurr.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka jalbu nyaji-l-nyaji-n, ngunyin jaba-l-jaba-nya wangay-mu, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu nyaji nyungu mara bila junkurr | old-man-ERG:pt woman watch-l-REDUP-PAST, dilly.bag weave-l-REDUP-SUB vine-POSS, old-woman said, 3sg see her hand fast strong

evidence:
jaba-l-jaba-nya 'weaving' (simultaneous); ngunyin dilly-bag (b107); wangay vine (b113); the sure hands


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "nyajil", "jadi", "waju", "kubu", "wumbul", "dakuy", "bundal", "jiba-wulay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The children stood watching the old man cooking the goanna in the hot ashes, the old woman said, waiting hungrily for the sweet meat.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay janjanay nyaji-l-nyaji-n, mukul-dingkarangka jadi waju-l-waju-nya kubu wumbul-ba, mukul-jalbu balkan, dakuy-bu bunda minya jiba-wulay-nka.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay janjanay nyaji-l-nyaji-n, mukul-dingkar-angka jadi waju-l-waju-nya kubu wumbul-ba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, dakuy-bu bunda minya jiba-wulay-nka | child-REDUP stand watch-l-REDUP-PAST, old-man-ERG:pt sand.goanna cook-l-REDUP-SUB coal hot-LOC, old-woman said, hunger-INST wait meat sweet-DAT

evidence:
waju-l-waju-nya 'cooking' (simultaneous); jadi goanna (b119); kubu coal (b109); dakuy hungry (b114); the hungry watchers


frame: construction
words_used: ["balbi", "yaba", "jambul", "nyajil", "ngawiya", "kulngkul", "jarra-kulba", "jukar", "mara-dajil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The hunter watched the two brothers carrying the heavy turtle up the beach, the old man said, and he went down at once to help them lift it.

kuku:
Balbi-bama-ngku yaba-jarra jambul nyaji-l-nyaji-n, ngawiya kulngkul jarra-kulba-nya jukar-a, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu bada kaday mara-dajil-nka.

analysis:
balbi-bama-ngku yaba-jarra jambul nyaji-l-nyaji-n, ngawiya kulngkul jarra-kulba-nya jukar-a, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu bada kaday mara-dajil-nka | hunt-person-ERG:pt brother-pair two watch-l-REDUP-PAST, sea.turtle heavy carry-REDUP-SUB beach-LOC, old-man said, 3sg down come help-PURP

evidence:
jarra-kulba-nya 'carrying' (simultaneous); yaba-jarra 'two brothers'; mara-dajil-nka 'to help' (b118)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "jarba", "nyajil", "mara-warri", "jikan", "kalbay", "bayan", "yirrkal", "nyiku-nyiku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old woman saw the snake crawling through the long grass toward the camp, the old man said, and she called out a warning to the children at once.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu-ngku jarba nyaji-n, mara-warri-nya jikan kalbay-mba bayan-ka, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu karrkay-karrkay-nka yirrka nyiku-nyiku.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku jarba nyaji-n, mara-warri-nya jikan kalbay-mba bayan-ka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu karrkay-karrkay-nka yirrka nyiku-nyiku | old-woman-ERG:pt snake see-PAST, crawl-SUB grass long-LOC camp-DAT, old-man said, 3sg child-REDUP-DAT call soon

evidence:
mara-warri-nya 'crawling' (simultaneous, non-redup at a moment); jarba snake (b115); mara-warri crawl (b119)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "nyajil", "kalka", "bunga", "binal", "junkurr", "kajal"]
evidence: bunga-l-bunga-nya 'making' (simultaneous); learned-by-watching (nyaji-nya-bu); kalka spear
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
I watched the old man making the spear, the old man said, and by watching I learned how to bind the sharp point to the spear.

kuku:
Ngayu mukul-dingkar nyaji-l-nyaji-n, kalka bunga-l-bunga-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyaji-nya-bu ngayu binalman jalbu junkurr kaja-nka kalka-ka.

analysis:
ngayu mukul-dingkar nyaji-l-nyaji-n, kalka bunga-l-bunga-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyaji-nya-bu ngayu binal-ma-ny jalbu junkurr kaja-nka kalka-ka | 1sg old-man watch-l-REDUP-PAST, spear make-l-REDUP-SUB, old-man said, watch-SUB-INST 1sg learn-PAST point sharp tie-PURP spear-DAT


frame: construction
words_used: ["jalbu", "ngamu", "nyajil", "junda", "kulbul", "muja", "juku", "ngunyin", "dakil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The girl watched her mother gathering the ripe figs from the tree, the old woman said, holding the dilly-bag open wide beneath the heavy branch.

kuku:
Jalbu-ngku ngamu nyaji-l-nyaji-n, junda kulbul muja-l-muja-nya juku-muny, mukul-jalbu balkan, ngunyin ngamban karrba dakil kulngkul bada-ba.

analysis:
jalbu-ngku ngamu nyaji-l-nyaji-n, junda kulbul muja-l-muja-nya juku-muny, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, ngunyin ngamban karrba dakil kulngkul bada-ba | girl-ERG:pt mother watch-l-REDUP-PAST, fig ripe gather-l-REDUP-SUB tree-ABL, old-woman said, dilly.bag open hold branch heavy below-LOC

evidence:
muja-l-muja-nya 'gathering' (simultaneous, ex.483); junda fig (b113); kulbul ripe (b116); dakil branch (b116)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "nyajil", "karrkay", "maraji", "bana-mabi", "dajali", "yajarril", "yirrkal", "wungar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old people sat watching the children swimming in the deep waterhole, the old man said, laughing and calling to each other in the warm afternoon sun.

kuku:
Mukul-bama bunda nyaji-l-nyaji-n, karrkay-karrkay maraji-maraji-nya bana-mabi dajali-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, yajarri yirrka-nya nyubun yindu-nka wungar wumbul-ba.

analysis:
mukul-bama bunda nyaji-l-nyaji-n, karrkay-karrkay maraji-maraji-nya bana-mabi dajali-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yajarri yirrka-nya nyubun yindu-nka wungar wumbul-ba | old-person sit watch-l-REDUP-PAST, child-REDUP swim-REDUP-SUB waterhole deep-LOC, old-man said, laugh call-SUB one other-DAT sun warm-LOC

evidence:
maraji-maraji-nya 'swimming' (simultaneous); bana-mabi waterhole (b115); dajali deep (b112); yajarri laugh (b?)


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "nyajil", "mukul", "kadar", "jina", "madja", "juku", "jukar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The boy sat and watched the old man tracking the wallaby through the scrub, the old woman said, reading every mark and every broken twig in the sand.

kuku:
Karrkay bunda nyaji-l-nyaji-n, mukul-dingkarangka kadar jina nyaji-l-nyaji-nya madja-burr, mukul-jalbu balkan, jina nyubun-nyubun juku wuba-nya-jirr jukar-a nyaji.

analysis:
karrkay bunda nyaji-l-nyaji-n, mukul-dingkar-angka kadar jina nyaji-l-nyaji-nya madja-burr, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jina nyubun-nyubun juku wuba-nya-jirr jukar-a nyaji | child sit watch-l-REDUP-PAST, old-man-ERG:pt wallaby track look-l-REDUP-SUB scrub-PERL, old-woman said, track each stick break-SUB-COMIT sand-LOC look

evidence:
nyaji-l-nyaji-nya 'reading tracks' (simultaneous); jina track (b109); madja-burr 'through the scrub' (PERL b109)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "nyajil", "janka", "badil", "buri", "wujurr", "dunga", "bundal", "ngundu"]
evidence: badi-badi-nya 'crying' (simultaneous); badi-l cry (b?); sitting-in-silence; ngundu near (b109)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
I saw the old woman crying quietly by the evening fire, the old man said, and I went and sat down beside her and said nothing at all.

kuku:
Ngayu mukul-jalbu nyaji-n, janka badi-badi-nya buri-ngka wujurr-ma-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, ngayu dunga bunda nyungu ngundu-ba, kari nyubun-bu balka.

analysis:
ngayu mukul-jalbu nyaji-n, janka badi-badi-nya buri-ngka wujurr-ma-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, ngayu dunga bunda nyungu ngundu-ba, kari nyubun-bu balka | 1sg old-woman see-PAST, quietly cry-REDUP-SUB fire-LOC evening, old-man said, 1sg go sit her near-LOC, NEG one-INST talk


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "baja-burray", "jilba", "wungar", "madja", "kulji", "wunay", "bundanday", "buri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old man was very tired from walking all day through the rough stony scrub, the old woman said, so he lay down to rest by the fire.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar baja-burray bajaku, jilba-jilba-nya wungar narmba madja kulji-jirr, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu wuna bundanday buri-ngka.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar baja-burray bajaku, jilba-jilba-nya wungar narmba madja kulji-jirr, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu wuna bundanday buri-ngka | old-man tired very, walk-REDUP-SUB day whole scrub stone-COMIT, old-woman said, 3sg lie rest fire-LOC

evidence:
⭐CAUSAL: jilba-jilba-nya 'from walking' (verb+SUB, NO case, ex.485); baja-burray tired (b116); cause-completed


frame: construction
words_used: ["muku", "kaka", "bambayal", "dajali", "bakal", "bubu", "junkurr", "marral", "bundanday"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
My back is sore from digging the deep yams in the hard dry ground all morning, the old woman said, and I must rest now.

kuku:
Ngayu muku kaka, bambayal dajali baka-l-baka-nya bubu junkurr marral-ba wunkuwingku, mukul-jalbu balkan, ngayu niji bundanday.

analysis:
ngayu muku kaka, bambayal dajali baka-l-baka-nya bubu junkurr marral-ba wunkuwingku, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, ngayu niji bundanday | 1sg back pain, yam deep dig-l-REDUP-SUB ground hard dry-LOC morning, old-woman said, 1sg now rest

evidence:
baka-l-baka-nya 'from digging' (causal, cf. ex.483 muku kaka baya muja-l-muja-nya); muku back (b109); kaka pain (b?)


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "manu", "kaka", "mayi", "bila", "nukal", "mukul", "nyunguny", "bundal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The little child's throat was sore from gobbling the food down too fast, the old man said, so the old woman told him to sit and eat slowly.

kuku:
Karrkay buban manu kaka, mayi bila-bu nuka-nuka-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, mukul-jalbu-ngku nyunguny balkan bunda janka nuka-nka.

analysis:
karrkay buban manu kaka, mayi bila-bu nuka-nuka-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, mukul-jalbu-ngku nyunguny balka-ny bunda janka nuka-nka | child small throat sore, food fast-INST eat-REDUP-SUB, old-man said, old-woman-ERG:pt him(ACC) tell sit quietly eat-PURP

evidence:
nuka-nuka-nya 'from gobbling' (causal, ex.486 mayi durrba-nya manu jayba-ny); manu throat (b109); kaka sore (b120); nyunguny 3sg ACC (b118)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "miyil", "kaka", "bana", "balbal", "nyajil", "wungar", "ngumbu", "dajali"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old man's eyes were sore from watching the bright glaring water all day long, the old woman said, so he sat down in the deep shade.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar-mu miyil kaka, bana balbal nyaji-l-nyaji-nya wungar narmba, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu bunda ngumbu-ngumbu dajali-ba.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-mu miyil kaka, bana balbal nyaji-l-nyaji-nya wungar narmba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu bunda ngumbu-ngumbu dajali-ba | old-man-POSS eye pain, water bright watch-l-REDUP-SUB day whole, old-woman said, 3sg sit shade deep-LOC

evidence:
nyaji-l-nyaji-nya 'from watching' (causal); miyil eye (b109); balbal bright (b117); ngumbu-ngumbu shade (dark-REDUP)


frame: construction
words_used: ["warru", "dakuy", "bambay", "balbi", "wumbul", "minya", "manil", "bayan", "mara"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The young man was weak with hunger from hunting so long without making any catch, the old woman said, and he came home with empty hands.

kuku:
Warru dakuy-bu bambay, balbi-balbi-nya wumbul kari minya mani-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu bayan-ka kaday mara ngamba-jirr.

analysis:
warru dakuy-bu bambay, balbi-balbi-nya wumbul kari minya mani-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu bayan-ka kaday mara ngamba-jirr | young.man hunger-INST weak(sick), hunt-REDUP-SUB long NEG game get-SUB, old-woman said, 3sg camp-DAT come hand empty-COMIT

evidence:
balbi-balbi-nya 'from hunting' (causal); dakuy hunger (b114); bambay sick/weak (b116); empty-handed return


frame: construction
words_used: ["buliman", "nganya", "nyajil", "warngku", "wungar-iji", "junkurr", "wangkar-wangkar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The policeman did not see me at all, the old man said, because he was fast asleep in the heavy heat of the middle of the day.

kuku:
Buliman-angka nganya kari nyaji-n, nyulu warngku-wuna-nya wungar-iji junkurr wangkar-wangkar-a, mukul-dingkar balkan.

analysis:
buliman-angka nganya kari nyaji-n, nyulu warngku-wuna-nya wungar-iji junkurr wangkar-wangkar-a, mukul-dingkar balka-ny | policeman-ERG:pt me(ACC) NEG see-PAST, 3sg sleep-lie-SUB hot.season strong midday-LOC, old-man said

evidence:
⭐warngku-wuna-nya 'because [he] was asleep' (causal, ex.487); nganya 1sg ACC (b118); warngku sleep (b120); loanword buliman


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "ngiki", "yararri", "maraji", "wumbul", "bana", "dajali", "ngamu", "buri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The children were cold and shivering from swimming far too long in the deep water, the old woman said, so the mother built the fire up big and warm.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay ngiki yararri, maraji-maraji-nya wumbul bajaku bana dajali-ba, mukul-jalbu balkan, ngamu-ngku buri yalbay wumbul bunga.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay ngiki yararri, maraji-maraji-nya wumbul bajaku bana dajali-ba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, ngamu-ngku buri yalbay wumbul bunga | child-REDUP cold shiver, swim-REDUP-SUB long very water deep-LOC, old-woman said, mother-ERG:pt fire big warm make

evidence:
maraji-maraji-nya 'from swimming' (causal); ngiki cold (b115); yararri shiver (b116); built-up-the-fire


frame: construction
words_used: ["nganjan", "kangkal", "murru-kanga", "karrkay", "kaya", "warngku", "jabil", "badil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The father scolded his own little child, the old man said, because it had kicked the sleeping camp dog hard and made it cry out in pain.

kuku:
Nganjan-angka kangkal buban murru-kanga-l, karrkay-angka kaya warngku-nya jabi-nya junkurr badi-bungal, mukul-dingkar balkan.

analysis:
nganjan-angka kangkal buban murru-kanga-l, karrkay-angka kaya warngku-nya jabi-nya junkurr badi-bungal, mukul-dingkar balka-ny | father-ERG:pt own.child small scold-NONPAST, child-ERG:pt dog sleep-SUB kick-SUB strong cry-CAUS(make-cry), old-man said

evidence:
⭐jabi-nya 'because [it] kicked' (causal, ex.490); murru-kanga-l scold (b120); kangkal own-child (b?); jabi-l kick (b120)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "wawu-mini", "kangkal", "nyajil", "wungar", "wubul", "badil"]
evidence: nyaji-l-nyaji-nya 'from seeing' (causal, happy-cause); wawu-mini happy; badi cry (b120)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old woman was full of joy from seeing her grandchildren again after so many long seasons apart, the old man said, and she wept for happiness.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu wawu-mini, kangkal-kangkal nyaji-l-nyaji-nya wungar-jarra wubul-muny yindu-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu wawu-mini-bu badi.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu wawu-mini, kangkal-kangkal nyaji-l-nyaji-nya wungar-jarra wubul-muny yindu-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu wawu-mini-bu badi | old-woman happy, grandchild-REDUP see-l-REDUP-SUB season many-ABL other-LOC, old-man said, 3sg happy-INST cry


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaya", "bunku", "bambay", "kulji", "wumbul", "warri", "balbi", "jarra-kulba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The camp dog was limping badly from running over the sharp hot stones all through the long hunt, the old man said, so the boy carried it home.

kuku:
Kaya bunku bambay, kulji jalbu wumbul-ba warri-warri-nya balbi wumbul narmba, mukul-dingkar balkan, karrkay-angka bayan-ka jarra-kulba.

analysis:
kaya bunku bambay, kulji jalbu wumbul-ba warri-warri-nya balbi wumbul narmba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, karrkay-angka bayan-ka jarra-kulba | dog knee sore(sick), stone sharp hot-LOC run-REDUP-SUB hunt long whole, old-man said, child-ERG:pt camp-DAT carry

evidence:
warri-warri-nya 'from running' (causal); kaya dog (b116); bunku knee (b109); the limping dog carried home


frame: construction
words_used: ["mara", "kaka", "dandi", "diburr", "murni", "kulji", "wunkuwingku", "kunbayn"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
My hands are sore and stiff from grinding the hard seeds on the stone since the first light of day, the old woman said, and I have not yet finished.

kuku:
Ngayu mara kaka dandi, diburr junkurr murni-l-murni-nya kulji-ba wunkuwingku-muny, mukul-jalbu balkan, ngayu kari-rrku kunbayn.

analysis:
ngayu mara kaka dandi, diburr junkurr murni-l-murni-nya kulji-ba wunkuwingku-muny, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, ngayu kari-rrku kunbayn | 1sg hand pain stiff, seed hard grind-l-REDUP-SUB stone-LOC morning-ABL, old-woman said, 1sg not-yet finish

evidence:
murni-l-murni-nya 'from grinding' (causal); mara hand (b109); dandi stiff/hard (b114); kari-rrku 'not yet' (b110)


frame: construction
words_used: ["warru", "jambul", "baja-burray", "ngawiya", "kulngkul", "jarra-kulba", "jukar", "bayan"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The two young men were worn out from carrying the great heavy turtle so far up the steep sand to the camp, the old man said, and they rested a long while.

kuku:
Warru jambul baja-burray, ngawiya yalbay kulngkul jarra-kulba-nya kala-kalbay jukar jarra-jarra-ka bayan-ka, mukul-dingkar balkan, jana wuna wumbul marri.

analysis:
warru jambul baja-burray, ngawiya yalbay kulngkul jarra-kulba-nya kala-kalbay jukar jarra-jarra-ka bayan-ka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, jana wuna wumbul marri | young.man two tired, sea.turtle big heavy carry-REDUP-SUB far sand high-DAT camp-DAT, old-man said, 3pl lie rest long

evidence:
jarra-kulba-nya 'from carrying' (causal); kulngkul heavy (b118); jukar sand (b107); the exhausted carriers


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "ngamban", "kaka", "bana", "yirrkal", "wumbul", "ngiki", "bulkiji", "wunkuwingku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old man's chest was tight and aching from calling out across the wide water for so long in the cold morning wind, the old woman said.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar-mu ngamban kaka dandi, bana kala-kalbay-muny yirrka-yirrka-nya wumbul ngiki-bu bulkiji wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-jalbu balkan.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-mu ngamban kaka dandi, bana kala-kalbay-muny yirrka-yirrka-nya wumbul ngiki-bu bulkiji wunkuwingku-ba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | old-man-POSS chest pain stiff, water far-ABL call-REDUP-SUB long cold-INST wind morning-LOC, old-woman said

evidence:
yirrka-yirrka-nya 'from calling' (causal); ngamban chest/neck (b109); bulkiji wind (b111); ngiki cold (b115)


frame: construction
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The girl was struck with fear from seeing the great crocodile lying still as a log at the muddy mouth of the river, the old man said, and she ran back fast.

kuku:
Jalbu yararri, bilngkumu yalbay janka wuna-nya yala walmba ngandal kambal-kambal-ba nyaji-nya, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu bila nyunba-yi wanarri.

analysis:
jalbu yararri, bilngkumu yalbay janka wuna-nya yala walmba ngandal kambal-kambal-ba nyaji-nya, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu bila nyunba-yi wanarri | girl fear, crocodile big still lie-SUB like log river.mouth mud-LOC see-SUB, old-man said, 3sg fast turn-REFL run

words_used:
["jalbu", "yararri", "bilngkumu", "janka", "walmba", "ngandal", "kambal-kambal", "nyajil", "wanarri"]

evidence:
nyaji-nya 'from seeing' (causal); bilngkumu crocodile (b116); walmba log (b119); yararri fear (b116)


frame: construction
words_used: ["wawu", "janji", "bana-jandu", "ngiki", "mukul", "wunay", "bundanday", "dukal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
After bathing in the cool running creek, the old people lay down to rest in the deep shade of the big fig tree, the old man said.

kuku:
Wawu-janji-nya-muny bana-jandu ngiki-ba, mukul-bama wuna bundanday ngumbu-ngumbu dajali-ba juku dukal yalbay-mba, mukul-dingkar balkan.

analysis:
wawu-janji-nya-muny bana-jandu ngiki-ba, mukul-bama wuna bundanday ngumbu-ngumbu dajali-ba juku dukal yalbay-mba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny | after-bathe-SUB-ABL creek cool-LOC, old-person lie rest shade deep-LOC tree fig big-LOC, old-man said

evidence:
⭐PRIOR EVENT: wawu-janji-nya-muny 'after bathing' (ex.491); wawu- TEMP4 'after' + ABL (≠ wawu 'want'); dukal fig-tree (b?)


frame: construction
words_used: ["nganjin", "jalbu", "nyajil", "wawu", "wala", "mayi-bubu", "bambayal", "binal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
We saw the woman only after she had come in from the garden with the yams, the old man said, and we did not know she had been away.

kuku:
Nganjin jalbu nyaji-n, wawu-wala-nya-muny mayi-bubu-muny bambayal-jirr, mukul-dingkar balkan, nganjin kari binal nyulu dunga-n.

analysis:
nganjin jalbu nyaji-n, wawu-wala-nya-muny mayi-bubu-muny bambayal-jirr, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nganjin kari binal nyulu dunga-n | 1pl.exc woman see-PAST, after-enter-SUB-ABL garden-ABL yam-COMIT, old-man said, 1pl.exc NEG know 3sg go-PAST

evidence:
wawu-wala-nya-muny 'after [she] came in' (ex.492); wala-l enter (b?); mayi-bubu garden (food-ground); bambayal yam (b113)


frame: construction
words_used: ["dingkar", "jinkalmu", "kunil", "juku", "wawu", "baykal", "jina", "jikan", "kalbay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The man killed the brown snake with his club after it had bitten him hard on the leg in the long grass, the old woman said.

kuku:
Dingkar-angka jinkalmu kuni juku-bu, wawu-bayka-nya-muny jina junkurr jikan kalbay-mba, mukul-jalbu balkan.

analysis:
dingkar-angka jinkalmu kuni juku-bu, wawu-bayka-nya-muny jina junkurr jikan kalbay-mba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | man-ERG:pt brown.snake kill stick-INST, after-bite-SUB-ABL leg strong grass long-LOC, old-woman said

evidence:
⭐wawu-bayka-nya-muny 'after [it] bit [him]' (ex.493, O=A' crossing); jinkalmu brown snake (b119); baykal bite (b119)


frame: construction
words_used: ["wawu", "mayi", "wujurr", "karrkay", "warri", "bana", "ngandal", "wungar"]
evidence: ⭐wawu-mayi-muny 'after the meal' (NOUN + ABL, l.3887); the after-dinner play
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
After the big evening meal, the children ran down to the edge of the water in the last warm light of the day, the old woman said.

kuku:
Wawu-mayi-muny wujurr-ma-nya, karrkay-karrkay bada warri bana ngandal-ba wungar wumbul kalbay-muny-a, mukul-jalbu balkan.

analysis:
wawu-mayi-muny wujurr-ma-nya, karrkay-karrkay bada warri bana ngandal-ba wungar wumbul kalbay-muny-a, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | after-food-ABL evening, child-REDUP down run water edge-LOC sun warm last-LOC, old-woman said


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "jilba", "jukar", "wawu", "kaya", "mayi", "dajil", "buri"]
evidence: wawu-kaya-muny 'after [feeding] the dogs' (noun+ABL, cf. ex.495); daji-l give/feed (b118)
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old man walked slowly along the beach after he had fed the dogs and banked the fire up for the long night, the old woman said.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar jilba jukar-a, wawu-kaya-muny mayi daji-n buri wandi-n wujurr marri-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar jilba-dunga jukar-a, wawu-kaya-muny mayi daji-n buri wandi-n wujurr marri-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | old-man walk beach-LOC, after-dog-ABL food give-PAST fire bank-PAST night long-DAT, old-woman said


frame: construction
words_used: ["wawu", "murni", "diburr", "wunkuwingku", "yudal", "mayi", "waju", "kubu"]
evidence: wawu-murni-nya-muny 'after grinding'; murni-l grind (b113); yudal 'begin' (b114); the bread-baking
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
After grinding the seeds all the long morning, the old woman began at once to bake the good bread in the hot coals, the old man said.

kuku:
Wawu-murni-nya-muny diburr wunkuwingku narmba, mukul-jalbu-ngku yudal niji-bu mayi ngulkurr waju-nka kubu wumbul-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan.

analysis:
wawu-murni-nya-muny diburr wunkuwingku narmba, mukul-jalbu-ngku yudal niji-bu mayi ngulkurr waju-nka kubu wumbul-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny | after-grind-SUB-ABL seed morning whole, old-woman-ERG:pt begin now-INST food good cook-PURP coal hot-LOC, old-man said


frame: construction
words_used: ["wawu", "balbi", "jadi", "diwan", "wungar", "madja", "warru", "baja-burray", "dakuy"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
After hunting the goanna and the scrub-turkey all day through the deep scrub, the young men came back to the camp tired and very hungry, the old man said.

kuku:
Wawu-balbi-nya-muny jadi diwan-jirr wungar narmba madja dajali-burr, warru-warru bayan-ka kaday baja-burray dakuy bajaku, mukul-dingkar balkan.

analysis:
wawu-balbi-nya-muny jadi diwan-jirr wungar narmba madja dajali-burr, warru-warru bayan-ka kaday baja-burray dakuy bajaku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny | after-hunt-SUB-ABL sand.goanna scrub.turkey-COMIT day whole scrub deep-PERL, young.man-REDUP camp-DAT come tired hungry very, old-man said

evidence:
wawu-balbi-nya-muny 'after hunting'; jadi goanna (b119); diwan scrub-turkey (b117); baja-burray tired (b116)


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "balka", "dajali", "buri", "wawu", "warngku", "karrkay", "kuku", "milka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The old people told the deep old stories by the fire only after all the children had gone to sleep, the old woman said, for those stories are not for young ears.

kuku:
Mukul-bama balka-balka dajali kalbay-muny-mu buri-ngka, wawu-warngku-nya-muny karrkay-karrkay wubulku, mukul-jalbu balkan, kuku yinya kari karrkay milka-nka.

analysis:
mukul-bama balka-balka dajali kalbay-muny-mu buri-ngka, wawu-warngku-nya-muny karrkay-karrkay wubulku, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kuku yinya kari karrkay milka-nka | old-person talk-REDUP deep long.ago-POSS fire-LOC, after-sleep-SUB-ABL child-REDUP all, old-woman said, word that NEG child ear-DAT

evidence:
wawu-warngku-nya-muny 'after [they] had slept'; warngku sleep (b120); the grown-up stories after the children sleep


frame: construction
words_used: ["wawu", "waju", "kuyu", "kubu", "wumbul", "karrkay", "wubulku", "dajil"]
evidence: wawu-waju-nya-muny 'after cooking'; waju-l cook; daji-l share (b118); children-fed-first law
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
After cooking the big fish slowly right through in the hot ashes, the old woman shared it out among all the little children first, the old man said.

kuku:
Wawu-waju-nya-muny kuyu yalbay narmba kubu wumbul-ba, mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay buban wubulku-nka nyubun daji, mukul-dingkar balkan.

analysis:
wawu-waju-nya-muny kuyu yalbay narmba kubu wumbul-ba, mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay buban wubulku-nka nyubun daji, mukul-dingkar balka-ny | after-cook-SUB-ABL fish big whole coal hot-LOC, old-woman-ERG:pt child-REDUP small all-DAT first share, old-man said


frame: construction
words_used: ["wawu", "jalungkarr", "yalbay", "bubu", "mukul", "bana-jandu", "jirakal", "jalun"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
After that great flood, the old man said, the country was never quite the same again for the old people, and the river ran in a new course to the sea.

kuku:
Wawu-yinya-muny jalungkarr yalbay, mukul-dingkar balkan, bubu kari yindu-baja mukul-bama-nka, bana-jandu jina jirakal-ba dunga jalun-ka.

analysis:
wawu-yinya-muny jalungkarr yalbay, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bubu kari yindu-baja mukul-bama-nka, bana-jandu jina jirakal-ba dunga jalun-ka | after-that-ABL flood big, old-man said, country NEG same(other)-again old-person-DAT, creek path new-LOC go sea-DAT

evidence:
⭐wawu-yinya-muny 'after that' (the canonical noun+ABL form, l.3887); jalungkarr flood (b116); jirakal new (b118)


frame: construction
words_used: ["wawu", "maraji", "bana-jandu", "dajali", "karrkay", "wunay", "jukar", "marral"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
After swimming right across the wide deep river, the boy climbed out and lay a long while in the warm sand to dry himself, the old woman said.

kuku:
Wawu-maraji-nya-muny bana-jandu yalbay dajali murru-murru, karrkay ngalkal-ma-l wuna wumbul marri jukar wumbul-ba marral-ma-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan.

analysis:
wawu-maraji-nya-muny bana-jandu yalbay dajali murru-murru, karrkay ngalkal-ma-l wuna wumbul marri jukar wumbul-ba marral-ma-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | after-swim-SUB-ABL creek big deep across, child out-INCHO lie long jukar warm-LOC dry-INCHO-PURP, old-woman said

evidence:
wawu-maraji-nya-muny 'after swimming'; maraji swim (b115); jukar sand (b107); marral dry (b111); drying-in-the-sand


frame: construction
words_used: ["jalbu", "yudal", "ngunyin", "jaba", "wawu", "muja", "wangay", "kanbal", "madja"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
The girl began to weave the fine dilly-bag only after she had gathered enough of the strong vine from the deep scrub, the old man said.

kuku:
Jalbu yudal ngunyin ngulkurr jaba-nka, wawu-muja-nya-muny wangay junkurr kanbal madja dajali-muny, mukul-dingkar balkan.

analysis:
jalbu yudal ngunyin ngulkurr jaba-nka, wawu-muja-nya-muny wangay junkurr kanbal madja dajali-muny, mukul-dingkar balka-ny | girl begin dilly.bag good weave-PURP, after-gather-SUB-ABL vine strong enough scrub deep-ABL, old-man said

evidence:
wawu-muja-nya-muny 'after gathering'; muja-l gather; yudal begin (b114); kanbal 'enough/some' (b110)


frame: construction
words_used: ["juku", "junkurr", "manil", "jikan", "kalbay", "jilba", "kunka", "jarba", "wunay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
Take a good strong stick when you walk through the long grass, the old man told the boy, in case a snake is lying hidden there in the shade.

kuku:
Juku junkurr mani jikan kalbay-mba jilba-nya, mukul-dingkarangka karrkay-nka balkan, kunka jarba yinya-ba wuna-nya ngumbu-ngumbu-ba.

analysis:
juku junkurr mani jikan kalbay-mba jilba-nya, mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay-nka balka-ny, kunka jarba yinya-ba wuna-nya ngumbu-ngumbu-ba | stick strong get grass long-LOC walk-SUB, old-man-ERG:pt child-DAT tell, in.case snake that-LOC lie-SUB shade-LOC

evidence:
⭐HYPOTHETICAL: kunka 'in case' (specified, l.3837) + wuna-nya SUB; jarba snake (b115); take-a-stick-in-case


frame: construction
words_used: ["buri", "yalbay", "bunga", "warngku", "mukul", "nganganjirrka", "ngiki", "junkurr"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
Build the fire up high before you sleep, the old woman told the children, just in case the hard cold comes down on us in the middle of the night.

kuku:
Buri yalbay bunga warngku-nyjiku, mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay-nka balkan, nganganjirrka ngiki junkurr ngana-nga kada-nya wujurr jarra-ka.

analysis:
buri yalbay bunga warngku-nyjiku, mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay-nka balka-ny, nganganjirrka ngiki junkurr ngana-nga kaday-nya wujurr jarra-ka | fire big make sleep-before, old-woman-ERG:pt child-REDUP-DAT tell, just.in.case cold strong us-LOC come-SUB night middle-DAT

evidence:
⭐nganganjirrka 'just in case' (unspecified, l.3838) + kada-nya SUB; warngku-nyjiku 'before sleeping' (b116)


frame: construction
words_used: ["bana", "ngunyin", "warmba", "bubu", "marral", "jilba", "kunka", "yalaku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
Fill the big water-bag right up before you cross the dry stony country, the old man said, in case you find no clean water at all along the whole way.

kuku:
Bana-ngunyin yalbay narmba warmba bubu marral kulji-jirr jilba-nyjiku, mukul-dingkar balkan, kunka yundu bana ngulkurr kari mani-nya yalaku narmba-ba.

analysis:
bana-ngunyin yalbay narmba warmba bubu marral kulji-jirr jilba-nyjiku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kunka yundu bana ngulkurr kari mani-nya yalaku narmba-ba | water.bag big whole fill country dry stone-COMIT walk-before, old-man said, in.case you water good NEG find-SUB way whole-LOC

evidence:
kunka 'in case' + mani-nya SUB; warmba fill (b116); marral dry (b111); yalaku way (b118); fill-in-case-no-water


frame: construction
words_used: ["jiri", "manubu-dama", "wujurr", "mukul", "kunka", "jarramali", "ngumbu", "jalun"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
Watch the sky closely in the afternoon, the old man told them, in case the great black storm comes up quickly and suddenly from the sea.

kuku:
Jiri manubu-dama wujurr-ma-nya, mukul-dingkarangka jana-nka balkan, kunka jarramali yalbay ngumbu bila nyubun-bu jalun-muny ngalkal-ma-nya.

analysis:
jiri manubu-dama wujurr-ma-nya, mukul-dingkar-angka jana-nka balka-ny, kunka jarramali yalbay ngumbu bila nyubun-bu jalun-muny ngalkal-ma-nya | sky watch dusk-LOC, old-man-ERG:pt 3pl-DAT tell, in.case thunderstorm big dark fast one-INST sea-ABL out-INCHO-SUB

evidence:
kunka + ngalkal-ma-nya SUB; manubu-dama-l watch (b120); jarramali storm (b111); jiri sky (b?); watch-in-case-of-storm


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "bayan", "ngundu", "karrbal", "mukul", "nganganjirrka", "bilngkumu", "mara-warri"]
evidence: nganganjirrka + mara-warri-nya SUB; bilngkumu crocodile (b116); keep-children-close-in-case
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
Keep the little children close by the camp, the old woman told the mothers, just in case the crocodile is moving quietly in the muddy creek nearby.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay buban bayan ngundu-ba karrba, mukul-jalbu-ngku ngamu-ngamu-nka balkan, nganganjirrka bilngkumu bana-jandu kambal-kambal-ba janka mara-warri-nya.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay buban bayan ngundu-ba karrba, mukul-jalbu-ngku ngamu-ngamu-nka balka-ny, nganganjirrka bilngkumu bana-jandu kambal-kambal-ba janka mara-warri-nya | child-REDUP small camp near-LOC keep, old-woman-ERG:pt mother-REDUP-DAT tell, just.in.case crocodile creek mud-LOC quietly crawl-SUB


frame: construction
words_used: ["minya", "waju", "kanbal", "wundil", "jilba", "manjal", "kunka", "manil"]
evidence: kunka + mani-nya SUB; manjal mountain/range (b116); kanbal some (b110); carry-meat-in-case
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
Carry some cooked meat with you on the long walk over the range, the old man said, in case you cannot make any catch at all before the dark comes down.

kuku:
Minya waju-n kanbal wundi jilba wumbul manjal-burr, mukul-dingkar balkan, kunka yundu minya kari mani-nya wujurr kada-nyjiku.

analysis:
minya waju-n kanbal wundi jilba wumbul manjal-burr, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kunka yundu minya kari mani-nya wujurr kaday-nyjiku | meat cook-PAST some carry walk long range-PERL, old-man said, in.case you game NEG get-SUB night come-before


frame: construction
words_used: ["buri", "jukar", "bayal", "bayan", "kunka", "bulkiji", "jikan", "marral"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
Cover the fire over well with sand before you leave the camp, the old woman said, in case the hot wind carries a live spark to the dry grass and burns the country.

kuku:
Buri jukar-bu ngulkurr baya-l bayan-muny dunga-nyjiku, mukul-jalbu balkan, kunka bulkiji wumbul-bu buri karrkay wundi-nya jikan marral-ka bubu waju-nka.

analysis:
buri jukar-bu ngulkurr baya-l bayan-muny dunga-nyjiku, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kunka bulkiji wumbul-bu buri karrkay wundi-nya jikan marral-ka bubu waju-nka | fire sand-INST good cover camp-ABL go-before, old-woman said, in.case wind hot-INST fire young(spark) carry-SUB grass dry-DAT country burn-PURP

evidence:
kunka + wundi-nya SUB; cover-the-fire-in-case; bulkiji wind (b111); marral dry (b111); fire-safety law


frame: construction
words_used: ["yala", "mukul", "karrkay", "binal-bungal", "manubu-dama", "binal", "binalku", "kunka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.85
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T22:58:08.366943+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T22:59:23.974964+00:00
english:
So the old man taught the boy the way of all things, the old woman said — to watch while it is done, to understand what happens, to remember the things of long ago, and to guard against what might come.

kuku:
Yala mukul-dingkarangka karrkay binal-bungal wubulku-mu yalaku, mukul-jalbu balkan — manubu-dama bunga-nya, binal minya kada-nya, binalku kalbay-muny-mu, kunka minya kada-nka.

analysis:
yala mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay binal-bungal wubulku-mu yalaku, mukul-jalbu balka-ny — manubu-dama bunga-nya, binal minya kaday-nya, binalku kalbay-muny-mu, kunka minya kaday-nka | thus old-man-ERG:pt child teach all-POSS way, old-woman said — watch make/do-SUB, know thing come-SUB, remember long.ago-POSS, in.case thing come-PURP

evidence:
⭐ties the four -nya functions: simultaneous (bunga-nya), causal/general (minya kada-nya), prior (kalbay-muny-mu of-long-ago), hypothetical (kunka)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["ngamu", "karrkay", "karrbal", "muku", "wungar", "bubu", "wandil", "kala-kalbay"]
evidence: ⭐ngamu 'mother'; karrkay child (b117); muku back (b109); the baby-carrying mother
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The mother carries her baby on her hip all the long day, the old woman said, and never sets it down far away from her.

kuku:
Ngamu-ngku karrkay buban karrba muku-ba wungar narmba, mukul-jalbu balkan, kari nyubun-bu bubu-ba wandi kala-kalbay nyungu-muny.

analysis:
ngamu-ngku karrkay buban karrba muku-ba wungar narmba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kari nyubun-bu bubu-ba wandi kala-kalbay nyungu-muny | mother-ERG:pt child small carry back-LOC day whole, old-woman said, NEG one-INST ground-LOC put far her-ABL


frame: lexical
words_used: ["nganjan", "kangkal", "binal-bungal", "balbi", "kalka", "ngamu", "ngunyin", "bambayal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The father teaches his son to hunt and to make the spear, the old man said, while the mother teaches the daughter to weave the dilly-bag and to dig the yams.

kuku:
Nganjan-ngku warru-kangkal binal-bungal balbi-nka kalka bunga-nka, mukul-dingkar balkan, ngamu-ngku jalbu-kangkal binal-bungal ngunyin jaba-nka bambayal baka-nka.

analysis:
nganjan-ngku warru-kangkal binal-bungal balbi-nka kalka bunga-nka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, ngamu-ngku jalbu-kangkal binal-bungal ngunyin jaba-nka bambayal baka-nka | father-ERG:pt son teach hunt-PURP spear make-PURP, old-man said, mother-ERG:pt daughter teach dilly.bag weave-PURP yam dig-PURP

evidence:
⭐nganjan 'father'; kangkal own-child; warru-kangkal 'son' / jalbu-kangkal 'daughter'; binal-bungal teach (b118)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kalnga", "dingkar", "junkurr", "karrkay", "binal-bungal", "yalaku", "dandi", "kuli"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
A child's mother's brother is a man of special weight, the old man said — he is the one who teaches the boy the hard law and speaks to him sternly.

kuku:
Karrkay-mu kalnga dingkar junkurr, mukul-dingkar balkan — nyulu karrkay binal-bungal yalaku dandi, nyunguny balka kuli-bu.

analysis:
karrkay-mu kalnga dingkar junkurr, mukul-dingkar balka-ny — nyulu karrkay binal-bungal yalaku dandi, nyunguny balka kuli-bu | child-POSS mother's.brother man strong, old-man said — 3sg child teach law hard, him(ACC) speak anger-INST

evidence:
⭐kalnga 'mother's brother' (MB, the special disciplinarian-teacher); yalaku law/way (b118); nyunguny 3sg ACC (b118)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bimakay", "yaba", "karrkay", "kuru", "murbuy", "bungal", "jurbu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The father's sister loves her brother's children as if they were her own, the old woman said, and she is the one who paints them for the big dance.

kuku:
Bimakay-ngku nyungu yaba-mu karrkay-karrkay kuru yala nyungu-mu, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu jana murbuy-bu bungal jurbu yalbay-nka.

analysis:
bimakay-ngku nyungu yaba-mu karrkay-karrkay kuru yala nyungu-mu, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu jana murbuy-bu bungal jurbu yalbay-nka | father's.sister-ERG:pt her brother-POSS child-REDUP love like her-POSS, old-woman said, 3sg 3pl ochre-INST paint dance big-DAT

evidence:
⭐bimakay 'father's sister' (FZ, aunt); kuru affection/love (b121); murbuy red-ochre (b115); painting-for-the-dance


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kalnga", "nganjan", "karrkay", "kalka", "dajil", "yalbay", "nyaji-nyaji"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
It is the mother's brother, not the father, who gives the boy his very first spear, the old man said, and who watches over the whole of his growing up.

kuku:
Kalnga-ngku, kari nganjan-ngku, karrkay kalka nyubun-nya daji, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu nyungu yalbay-ma-nya narmba nyaji-nyaji.

analysis:
kalnga-ngku, kari nganjan-ngku, karrkay kalka nyubun-nya daji, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu nyungu yalbay-ma-nya narmba nyaji-nyaji | mother's.brother-ERG:pt, NEG father-ERG:pt, child spear first give, old-man said, 3sg his grow-SUB whole watch

evidence:
kalnga MB gives the first spear (not the father); daji-l give (b118); yalbay-ma-nya 'growing up' (become-big SUB)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "ngamu", "badil", "wujurr", "yindu", "nyunguny", "janka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The little child cried for its mother all through the long night, the old woman said, and would not be quieted by anyone else at all.

kuku:
Karrkay buban ngamu-nka badi wujurr narmba, mukul-jalbu balkan, yindu-yindu-ngku kari nyunguny janka-bungal.

analysis:
karrkay buban ngamu-nka badi wujurr narmba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yindu-yindu-ngku kari nyunguny janka-bungal | child small mother-DAT cry night whole, old-woman said, other-REDUP-ERG:pt NEG him(ACC) quiet-make

evidence:
ngamu-nka 'for [its] mother' (DAT); badi cry (b120); janka-bungal 'quieten' (quiet-make CAUS); the inconsolable child


frame: lexical
words_used: ["nganjan", "balbi", "dunga", "kadar", "wunkuwingku", "ngamu", "bayan", "bundanday"]
evidence: nganjan father / ngamu mother roles; kadar wallaby (b117); bundanday stay (b114); the divided day
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The father went out to hunt the wallaby before the first light, the old man said, and the mother stayed close by the camp with the small children.

kuku:
Nganjan balbi-nka dunga kadar-nka wunkuwingku kariku, mukul-dingkar balkan, ngamu bayan ngundu-ba bundanday karrkay-karrkay buban-jirr.

analysis:
nganjan balbi-nka dunga kadar-nka wunkuwingku kariku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, ngamu bayan ngundu-ba bundanday karrkay-karrkay buban-jirr | father hunt-PURP go wallaby-DAT dawn before, old-man said, mother camp near-LOC stay child-REDUP small-COMIT


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kalnga", "balka", "milka-janay", "ngulkurr", "yalaku", "kalbay", "bama"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
When the mother's brother speaks, the boy must listen well and be silent, the old man said, for that is the oldest law of the people.

kuku:
Kalnga balka-nya, karrkay milka-janay ngulkurr balka-kari, mukul-dingkar balkan, yinya yalaku kalbay-muny bama-mu.

analysis:
kalnga balka-nya, karrkay milka-janay ngulkurr balka-kari, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yinya yalaku kalbay-muny bama-mu | mother's.brother speak-SUB, child listen good talk-PRIV, old-man said, that law long.ago-ABL person-POSS

evidence:
kalnga MB authority; milka-janay listen/hear (b109); balka-kari 'without a word' (talk-PRIV b110); yalama 'do/obey'


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bimakay", "bayan", "kala-kalbay", "mayi", "dajil", "yaba", "karrkay", "jirakal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The father's sister came from the far camp carrying gifts of food for her brother's newborn baby, the old woman said, in the old way of kin.

kuku:
Bimakay bayan kala-kalbay-muny kaday mayi daji-nka nyungu yaba-mu karrkay jirakal-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan, yalaku kalbay-muny-mu.

analysis:
bimakay bayan kala-kalbay-muny kaday mayi daji-nka nyungu yaba-mu karrkay jirakal-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yalaku kalbay-muny-mu | father's.sister camp far-ABL come food give-PURP her brother-POSS child new-DAT, old-woman said, way long.ago-POSS

evidence:
bimakay FZ brings gifts to her brother's baby; jirakal new (b118); daji-nka 'to give'; the kin-obligation


frame: lexical
words_used: ["ngamu", "karrkay", "mayi", "dajil", "nukal", "kanbal", "wubulku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The mother always fed the little children first, the old woman said, and ate only what was left over when everyone else had already eaten.

kuku:
Ngamu-ngku marri karrkay-karrkay buban nyubun mayi daji, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu nuka kanbal-jinbaji wubulku wawu-nuka-nya-muny.

analysis:
ngamu-ngku marri karrkay-karrkay buban nyubun mayi daji, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu nuka kanbal-jinbaji wubulku wawu-nuka-nya-muny | mother-ERG:pt always child-REDUP small first food give, old-woman said, 3sg eat left-over all after-eat-SUB-ABL

evidence:
ngamu mother feeds children first; wawu-nuka-nya-muny 'after [all] had eaten' (prior-event b120); kanbal some/leftover (b110)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kalnga", "karrkay", "balbi", "wundil", "binal-bungal", "bubu", "bana", "burri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The mother's brother took the boy out hunting, the old man said, and taught him the names of all the country and its waters as they walked together.

kuku:
Kalnga-ngku karrkay balbi-nka wundi, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu binal-bungal bubu bana-jirr wubulku-mu burri jilba-jilba-nya jana.

analysis:
kalnga-ngku karrkay balbi-nka wundi, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu binal-bungal bubu bana-jirr wubulku-mu burri jilba-jilba-nya jana | mother's.brother-ERG:pt child hunt-PURP take, old-man said, 3sg teach country water-COMIT all-POSS name walk-REDUP-SUB 3pl

evidence:
kalnga MB teaches country-names; jilba-jilba-nya 'as they walked' (simultaneous b120); burri name (b109)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["ngamu", "wumbul", "badil", "karrkay", "wulal", "dajali", "janka", "wungar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
A mother grieves the longest of all for a lost child, the old woman said, and carries the deep sorrow quietly within her for many seasons.

kuku:
Ngamu-ngku wumbul bajaku badi karrkay wula-nya-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu jiba-badi dajali janka karrba wungar-jarra wubul.

analysis:
ngamu-ngku wumbul bajaku badi karrkay wula-nya-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu jiba-badi dajali janka karrba wungar-jarra wubul | mother-ERG:pt long very cry child die-SUB-DAT, old-woman said, 3sg sorrow deep quietly hold season many

evidence:
ngamu's grief; badi cry (b120); jiba-badi 'sorrow' (established compound); wula-nya-nka 'for the dead [child]'


frame: lexical
words_used: ["nganjan", "kangkal", "kalka", "bunga", "karrkay", "dama", "dumbul", "kima"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The father made a small light spear for his little son, the old man said, so that the boy could practise throwing it at the soft bark of the tree.

kuku:
Nganjan-angka warru-kangkal buban kalka buban bunga, mukul-dingkar balkan, karrkay dama-nka dumbul kima-ba juku-mu.

analysis:
nganjan-angka warru-kangkal buban kalka buban bunga, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, karrkay dama-nka dumbul kima-ba juku-mu | father-ERG:pt son small spear small make, old-man said, child throw-PURP bark soft-LOC tree-POSS

evidence:
nganjan makes his son a small spear; dumbul bark (b119, swept); kima soft (b114); dama-nka 'to throw/practise'


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yaba", "jina", "jilba", "yabaju", "wundil", "nyaji-nyaji"]
evidence: ⭐yaba 'elder brother' / yabaju 'younger brother'; elder-looks-after-younger
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The elder brother walks ahead on the path and the younger brother follows after, the old man said, and the elder must always look after the younger.

kuku:
Yaba jina-ba wunan-ba jilba, yabaju wundi, mukul-dingkar balkan, yaba-ngku marri yabaju nyaji-nyaji.

analysis:
yaba jina-ba wunan-ba jilba, yabaju wundi, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yaba-ngku marri yabaju nyaji-nyaji | elder.brother path-LOC front-LOC walk, younger.brother follow, old-man said, elder.brother-ERG:pt always younger.brother watch


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yaba", "jambul", "balbi", "wungar", "muru", "bundanday"]
evidence: ⭐yaba-karra 'brothers' (KINSHIP PLURAL -karra, l.1985, NOT redup); the inseparable brothers
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The two brothers hunted together every single day, the old man said — the brothers were never once apart from one another in all their lives.

kuku:
Yaba-jarra jambul balbi nyubun-nyubun wungar, mukul-dingkar balkan — yaba-karra muru bundanday wula-nya narmba.

analysis:
yaba-jarra jambul balbi nyubun-nyubun wungar, mukul-dingkar balka-ny — yaba-karra muru bundanday wula-nya narmba | brother-pair two hunt each day, old-man said — brother-KPL together stay die-SUB whole


frame: lexical
words_used: ["babarr", "jinkurr", "baja-burray", "muku", "jarra-kulba", "karrkay", "jilba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The elder sister carried her tired little sister on her back when the small one could walk no further on the long journey, the old woman said.

kuku:
Babarr-angka jinkurr buban baja-burray muku-ba jarra-kulba, karrkay buban jilba-nka kari-rrku jilba wumbul-ba, mukul-jalbu balkan.

analysis:
babarr-angka jinkurr buban baja-burray muku-ba jarra-kulba, karrkay buban jilba-nka kari-rrku jilba wumbul-ba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | elder.sister-ERG:pt younger.sister small tired back-LOC carry, child small walk-PURP not-yet walk long-LOC, old-woman said

evidence:
⭐babarr 'elder sister' / jinkurr 'younger sister'; baja-burray tired (b116); the carried little sister


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yabaju", "yaba", "junkurr", "minya", "dajil", "muru"]
evidence: yabaju respects yaba; junkurr-ma-l 'respect/honour' (make-strong); muru 'together'; the sharing-law
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The younger brother must respect the elder brother in all things, the old man said, and the elder brother must always share the catch out fairly among them.

kuku:
Yabaju-ngku yaba junkurr-ma-l wubulku-ba, mukul-dingkar balkan, yaba-ngku marri minya ngulkurr-bu jana-nka muru daji.

analysis:
yabaju-ngku yaba junkurr-ma-l wubulku-ba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yaba-ngku marri minya ngulkurr-bu jana-nka muru daji | younger.brother-ERG:pt elder.brother respect(strong-make) all-LOC, old-man said, elder.brother-ERG:pt always game good-INST 3pl-DAT together give


frame: lexical
words_used: ["babarr", "ngunyin", "jaba", "wulngku", "yirrkal", "buri", "wungar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The sisters sat together weaving the dilly-bags and singing the old songs by the fire, the old woman said, all through the long warm afternoon.

kuku:
Babarr-karra bunda muru ngunyin jaba-l-jaba-nya wulngku kalbay-muny-mu yirrka-yirrka-nya buri-ngka, mukul-jalbu balkan, wungar wumbul narmba.

analysis:
babarr-karra bunda muru ngunyin jaba-l-jaba-nya wulngku kalbay-muny-mu yirrka-yirrka-nya buri-ngka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, wungar wumbul narmba | sister-KPL sit together dilly.bag weave-l-REDUP-SUB song long.ago-POSS sing-REDUP-SUB fire-LOC, old-woman said, day warm whole

evidence:
⭐babarr-karra 'sisters' (KPL); jaba-l-jaba-nya weaving (simultaneous b120); wulngku song (b115); the weaving-sisters


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yaba", "nganya", "binal-bungal", "maraji", "kuyu", "dama", "bana-jandu"]
evidence: ngayku yaba 'my elder brother'; nganya 1sg ACC (b118); maraji swim (b115); elder-brother-as-teacher
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
My own elder brother taught me to swim and to spear the fish in the river, the old man said, when I was still a very small child myself.

kuku:
Ngayku yaba-ngku nganya binal-bungal maraji-nka kuyu dama-nka bana-jandu-ngka, mukul-dingkar balkan, ngayu karrkay buban-baja-nya.

analysis:
ngayku yaba-ngku nganya binal-bungal maraji-nka kuyu dama-nka bana-jandu-ngka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, ngayu karrkay buban-baja-nya | my elder.brother-ERG:pt me(ACC) teach swim-PURP fish spear-PURP creek-LOC, old-man said, 1sg child small-still-SUB


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jinkurr", "babarr", "dunga", "wundil", "jalbu", "yalaku", "binal", "nyajil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The younger sister followed her elder sister everywhere she went, the old woman said, learning the whole way of the women by watching her closely.

kuku:
Jinkurr-angka babarr wanja-warra dunga, yinya-ka wundi, mukul-jalbu balkan, jalbu-mu yalaku narmba binalman nyaji-l-nyaji-nya.

analysis:
jinkurr-angka babarr wanja-warra dunga, yinya-ka wundi, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jalbu-mu yalaku narmba binal-ma-ny nyaji-l-nyaji-nya | younger.sister-ERG:pt elder.sister where-DIR go, that-DAT follow, old-woman said, woman-POSS way whole learn-PAST watch-l-REDUP-SUB

evidence:
jinkurr follows babarr; nyaji-l-nyaji-nya 'by watching' (simultaneous b120); learning-the-women's-way


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yaba", "minya", "dajil", "yabaju", "dakuy", "wunay", "mayi"]
evidence: ⭐yaba-karra / yabaju-karra (KPL); the brothers' sharing; dakuy hungry (b114); no-one-goes-hungry
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The brothers shared everything they ever caught, the old man said — the younger brothers never once went hungry while the eldest still had any food.

kuku:
Yaba-karra minya wubulku mani-nya muru daji, mukul-dingkar balkan — yabaju-karra kari nyubun-bu dakuy wuna yaba yalbay mayi-jirr-nya.

analysis:
yaba-karra minya wubulku mani-nya muru daji, mukul-dingkar balka-ny — yabaju-karra kari nyubun-bu dakuy wuna yaba yalbay mayi-jirr-nya | brother-KPL game all get-SUB together give, old-man said — younger.brother-KPL NEG one-INST hungry lie elder.brother big food-COMIT-SUB


frame: lexical
words_used: ["nganjan", "wulal", "yaba", "yalbay", "karrkay", "nyaji-nyaji"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
When the father died, the eldest brother took care of all the younger children, the old man said, and raised them as if he were their own father.

kuku:
Nganjan wula-nya-muny, yaba yalbay-angka karrkay-karrkay buban wubulku nyaji-nyaji, mukul-dingkar balkan, jana yalbay-bungal yala nyulu nganjan.

analysis:
nganjan wula-nya-muny, yaba yalbay-angka karrkay-karrkay buban wubulku nyaji-nyaji, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, jana yalbay-bungal yala nyulu nganjan | father die-SUB-ABL, elder.brother big-ERG:pt child-REDUP small all watch, old-man said, 3pl big-make(raise) like 3sg father

evidence:
the eldest yaba becomes father; wula-nya-muny 'after [the father] died' (prior-event b120); yalbay-bungal 'raise'


frame: lexical
words_used: ["babarr", "yaba", "bayan", "bana-jandu", "dunyu", "muru", "jambul"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The two sisters married two brothers from the other camp across the river, the old woman said, so that the two families were joined together twice over.

kuku:
Babarr-jarra jambul yaba-jarra jambul bayan yindu-mu bana-jandu-muny dunyu-mani, mukul-jalbu balkan, bama-jarra jambul muru-ma-l jambulu.

analysis:
babarr-jarra jambul yaba-jarra jambul bayan yindu-mu bana-jandu-muny dunyu-mani, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, bama-jarra jambul muru-ma-l jambulu | sister-pair two brother-pair two camp other-POSS creek-ABL marry(husband-make), old-woman said, family-pair two together-make both

evidence:
babarr-jarra 'two sisters' marry yaba-jarra 'two brothers'; dunyu-mani 'marry' (husband-make); families joined


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yaba", "bama", "balka", "burri", "binal", "yalaku", "kalbay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The eldest brother spoke for the whole family at the great meeting, the old man said, for he was the eldest of them and knew all the old law.

kuku:
Yaba yalbay-angka bama-mu wubulku-nka balka burri yalbay-mba, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu yaba wubulku-muny binal yalaku kalbay-muny narmba.

analysis:
yaba yalbay-angka bama-mu wubulku-nka balka burri yalbay-mba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu yaba wubulku-muny binal yalaku kalbay-muny narmba | elder.brother big-ERG:pt family all-DAT talk gathering big-LOC(-mba), old-man said, 3sg elder.brother all-ABL know law long.ago whole

evidence:
the eldest yaba speaks for the family; burri 'gathering' (b111); binal knows the law; eldest-authority


frame: lexical
words_used: ["jinkurr", "badil", "yaba", "warri", "yararri", "jarra-kulba", "bayan"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The little sister ran crying to her elder brother when she was frightened, the old woman said, and he picked her up at once and carried her all the way home.

kuku:
Jinkurr buban badi-badi-nya yaba-nka warri yararri-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu nyiku-nyiku mani jarra-kulba bayan-ka narmba.

analysis:
jinkurr buban badi-badi-nya yaba-nka warri yararri-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu nyiku-nyiku mani jarra-kulba bayan-ka narmba | younger.sister small cry-REDUP-SUB elder.brother-DAT run fear-SUB, old-woman said, 3sg soon take carry camp-DAT whole

evidence:
jinkurr runs to yaba; badi-badi-nya 'crying' (simultaneous b120); yararri fear (b116); the protective brother


frame: lexical
words_used: ["yaba", "babarr", "dunyu", "bangunji", "mandi", "yalaku", "bama"]
evidence: ⭐bangunji cousin + mandi MOIETY; the incest/moiety marriage law; yalaku nyubun 'the first law'
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
Brothers and sisters do not marry one another, the old man said, nor do cousins of the same moiety — that is the very first law of all the people.

kuku:
Yaba babarr-jirr kari dunyu-mani, mukul-dingkar balkan, bangunji mandi nyubun-mu kari-baja — yinya yalaku nyubun-nya bama-mu wubulku.

analysis:
yaba babarr-jirr kari dunyu-mani, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bangunji mandi nyubun-mu kari-baja — yinya yalaku nyubun-nya bama-mu wubulku | brother sister-COMIT NEG marry, old-man said, cousin moiety one-POSS NEG-too — that law first person-POSS all


frame: lexical
words_used: ["babi", "kuku", "kalbay", "karrbal", "jija", "balka", "buri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The grandmother is the one who keeps all the old stories, the old woman said, and tells them to the grandchildren one by one by the evening fire.

kuku:
Babi-ngku kuku kalbay-muny-mu wubulku karrba, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu jija-karra-nka balka nyubun-nyubun buri-ngka wujurr-ma-nya.

analysis:
babi-ngku kuku kalbay-muny-mu wubulku karrba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu jija-karra-nka balka nyubun-nyubun buri-ngka wujurr-ma-nya | grandmother-ERG:pt story long.ago-POSS all hold, old-woman said, 3sg grandchild-KPL-DAT tell each fire-LOC evening

evidence:
⭐babi 'grandmother'; jija 'grandchild' (jija-karra KPL); kuku 'story/word' (b109); the story-keeping grandmother


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kami", "kaminjarr", "binal-bungal", "dawar", "jiri", "jina", "jukar", "burri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The grandfather taught the grandchild every star in the night sky and every track in the sand, the old man said, and the name of every place in the country.

kuku:
Kami-ngku kaminjarr binal-bungal dawar wubulku jiri wujurr-mu jina wubulku jukar-a, mukul-dingkar balkan, bubu wubulku-mu burri.

analysis:
kami-ngku kaminjarr binal-bungal dawar wubulku jiri wujurr-mu jina wubulku jukar-a, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bubu wubulku-mu burri | grandfather-ERG:pt grandchild teach star all sky night-POSS track all sand-LOC, old-man said, country all-POSS name

evidence:
⭐kami 'grandfather' (FF); kaminjarr 'grandchild'; dawar star (b111); jiri sky (b120); grandfather-as-teacher


frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "babi", "kuru", "ngulkurr", "janka", "mayi", "kuku"]
evidence: babi most-loved; kuru love (b121); always-food-and-a-story
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The children love their grandmother the best of all, the old woman said, for she is gentle and kind and always has both food and a good story ready.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay babi kuru wubulku-muny, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu ngulkurr janka, marri mayi kuku ngulkurr-jirr karrba.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay babi kuru wubulku-muny, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu ngulkurr janka, marri mayi kuku ngulkurr-jirr karrba | child-REDUP grandmother love all-ABL(most), old-woman said, 3sg good gentle(quiet), always food story good-COMIT hold


frame: lexical
words_used: ["ngaji", "kaminjarr", "baka", "juku", "bunga", "bambayal", "jiba-wulay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The mother's father made a small digging-stick for his little grandchild, the old man said, and showed the little one exactly where the sweet yams grow.

kuku:
Ngaji-ngku kaminjarr buban baka-juku buban bunga, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu karrkay binal-bungal wanja bambayal jiba-wulay ngalkal-ma-nya.

analysis:
ngaji-ngku kaminjarr buban baka-juku buban bunga, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu karrkay binal-bungal wanja bambayal jiba-wulay ngalkal-ma-nya | mother's.father-ERG:pt grandchild small dig-stick small make, old-man said, 3sg child teach where yam sweet grow-SUB

evidence:
⭐ngaji 'mother's father' (MF, distinct from kami FF); baka-juku 'digging-stick'; bambayal yam (b113)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["babi", "jija", "muku", "jarra-kulba", "wulngku", "yirrkal", "karrkay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The grandmother carried her small grandchild everywhere on her back, the old woman said, singing softly all the while to keep the little one quiet and content.

kuku:
Babi-ngku jija buban wanja-warra muku-ba jarra-kulba, mukul-jalbu balkan, wulngku janka yirrka-yirrka-nya karrkay janka-nka bundanday-nka.

analysis:
babi-ngku jija buban wanja-warra muku-ba jarra-kulba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, wulngku janka yirrka-yirrka-nya karrkay janka-nka bundanday-nka | grandmother-ERG:pt grandchild small where-DIR back-LOC carry, old-woman said, song quietly sing-REDUP-SUB child quiet-DAT stay-PURP

evidence:
babi carries jija; wulngku song (b115); yirrka-yirrka-nya 'singing' (simultaneous b120); the singing grandmother


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kami", "mukul", "balbi", "buri", "bundal", "warru", "binal-bungal", "yalaku"]
evidence: kami too old to hunt now teaches; mukul old (b?); the fireside teacher; yalaku dajali 'deep law'
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The grandfather is very old now and can no longer hunt, the old man said, but he sits by the fire and teaches the young ones the deep law all day long.

kuku:
Kami mukul bajaku niji, kari-baja balbi, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu buri-ngka bunda warru-warru binal-bungal yalaku dajali wungar narmba.

analysis:
kami mukul bajaku niji, kari-baja balbi, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu buri-ngka bunda warru-warru binal-bungal yalaku dajali wungar narmba | grandfather old very now, NEG-anymore hunt, old-man said, 3sg fire-LOC sit young.man-REDUP teach law deep day whole


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kaminjarr", "bana", "juku-buri", "marral", "babi", "wunkuwingku", "milka-janay"]
evidence: kaminjarr serves babi; juku-buri firewood; marral dry (b111); grandchild-cares-for-grandmother
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The grandchild brought fresh water and dry firewood to the old grandmother every morning, the old woman said, and sat down to listen to her talk.

kuku:
Kaminjarr-angka bana jirakal juku-buri marral babi mukul-nka wunkuwingku nyubun-nyubun wundi, mukul-jalbu balkan, bunda nyungu balka milka-janay-nka.

analysis:
kaminjarr-angka bana jirakal juku-buri marral babi mukul-nka wunkuwingku nyubun-nyubun wundi, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, bunda nyungu balka milka-janay-nka | grandchild-ERG:pt water fresh firewood dry grandmother old-DAT morning each bring, old-woman said, sit her talk listen-PURP


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kami", "babi", "binal", "dajali", "bama", "jija", "nganjan", "ngamu"]
evidence: kami+babi hold deep knowledge → jija-karra (KPL); knowledge skips the busy parent-years
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The grandparents keep the deepest knowledge of the people, the old man said, and it passes straight down to the grandchildren, not to the busy parents.

kuku:
Kami babi-jirr binal dajali bama-mu karrba, mukul-dingkar balkan, jija-karra-nka bada dunga, kari nganjan ngamu-nka.

analysis:
kami babi-jirr binal dajali bama-mu karrba, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, jija-karra-nka bada dunga, kari nganjan ngamu-nka | grandfather grandmother-COMIT knowledge deep person-POSS hold, old-man said, grandchild-KPL-DAT down go, NEG father mother-DAT


frame: lexical
words_used: ["babi", "wulal", "bayan", "badil", "wungar", "jalbu", "binal", "karrbal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
When the old grandmother died, the whole camp mourned for many days, the old woman said, for she had held all the old knowledge of the women within her.

kuku:
Babi mukul wula-nya-muny, bayan narmba badi wungar wubul, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu jalbu-mu binal kalbay-muny wubulku karrba-nya.

analysis:
babi mukul wula-nya-muny, bayan narmba badi wungar wubul, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu jalbu-mu binal kalbay-muny wubulku karrba-nya | grandmother old die-SUB-ABL, camp whole cry day many, old-woman said, 3sg woman-POSS knowledge long.ago all hold-SUB

evidence:
the whole camp mourns babi; wula-nya-muny 'after [she] died' (prior-event b120); she-held-the-women's-knowledge


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kami", "kaminjarr", "jirakal", "nganjan", "wulal", "burri", "yalaku"]
evidence: kami names jija after the dead nganjan; burri-mani 'name' (name-make); naming-for-the-ancestor
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The grandfather named the new grandchild after his own long-dead father, the old man said, in the old way of the people, so the name would live on.

kuku:
Kami-ngku kaminjarr jirakal nyungu nganjan wula-nya kalbay-muny-mu burri-mani, mukul-dingkar balkan, yalaku kalbay-muny-mu, burri wuna-nka.

analysis:
kami-ngku kaminjarr jirakal nyungu nganjan wula-nya kalbay-muny-mu burri-mani, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yalaku kalbay-muny-mu, burri wuna-nka | grandfather-ERG:pt grandchild new his father die-SUB long.ago-POSS name(give), old-man said, way long.ago-POSS, name live-PURP


frame: lexical
words_used: ["babi", "mukul", "mara", "ngunyin", "jaba", "bama", "bayan"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The old grandmother's hands were bent and slow with age now, the old woman said, but she could still weave the very finest dilly-bag of anyone in the whole camp.

kuku:
Babi mukul-mu mara duku niji, mukul-jalbu balkan, yamba nyulu ngunyin ngulkurr bajaku jaba bama wubulku-muny bayan-ba.

analysis:
babi mukul-mu mara duku niji, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yamba nyulu ngunyin ngulkurr bajaku jaba bama wubulku-muny bayan-ba | grandmother old-POSS hand bent(duku) now, old-woman said, but 3sg dilly.bag good very weave person all-ABL(than) camp-LOC

evidence:
babi's aged hands still weave best; mara hand (b109); the finest weaver in camp; comparison -muny (b112)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["kaminjarr", "kami", "jina", "wujurr", "wulngku", "binal", "kuku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The grandchild sat quietly at the grandfather's feet every single night, the old man said, learning the long songs of the country one line at a time.

kuku:
Kaminjarr janka bunda kami-mu jina-ba wujurr nyubun-nyubun, mukul-dingkar balkan, bubu-mu wulngku marri binalman nyubun-nyubun kuku-bu.

analysis:
kaminjarr janka bunda kami-mu jina-ba wujurr nyubun-nyubun, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bubu-mu wulngku marri binal-ma-ny nyubun-nyubun kuku-bu | grandchild quietly sit grandfather-POSS foot-LOC night each, old-man said, country-POSS song long learn-PAST each word-INST

evidence:
kaminjarr learns at kami's feet; jina foot (b109); wulngku song (b115); learning-the-songs-line-by-line


frame: lexical
words_used: ["dingkar", "jalbu", "mandi", "dunyu", "karrkay", "nganjan"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
A man must marry a woman of the opposite moiety, the old man said, and the children always belong to the same moiety as their own father.

kuku:
Dingkar-angka jalbu mandi yindu-mu dunyu-mani, mukul-dingkar balkan, karrkay-karrkay marri nganjan-mu mandi nyubun-ba wuna.

analysis:
dingkar-angka jalbu mandi yindu-mu dunyu-mani, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, karrkay-karrkay marri nganjan-mu mandi nyubun-ba wuna | man-ERG:pt woman moiety other-POSS marry, old-man said, child-REDUP always father-POSS moiety one-LOC lie(belong)

evidence:
⭐mandi MOIETY marriage law: marry the OTHER moiety, children follow the father's moiety (grammar l.653)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["dunyu", "biwar", "wurun", "bunga", "bayan", "ngandal", "kala-kalbay"]
evidence: ⭐dunyu 'husband' + biwar 'wife' (b118); wurun humpy (b118); the married couple's own humpy
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The husband and his wife built their humpy a little apart from all the others, the old woman said, at the quiet far edge of the big camp.

kuku:
Dunyu biwar-jirr nyungu wurun bunga kanbal yindu-yindu-muny, mukul-jalbu balkan, bayan yalbay-mu ngandal janka kala-kalbay-mba.

analysis:
dunyu biwar-jirr nyungu wurun bunga kanbal yindu-yindu-muny, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, bayan yalbay-mu ngandal janka kala-kalbay-mba | husband wife-COMIT their humpy make apart other-REDUP-ABL, old-woman said, camp big-POSS edge quiet far-LOC(-mba)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["biwul", "nyajil", "nyunguny", "balka", "yalaku", "junkurr", "bama"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
A man must never look at or speak directly to his mother-in-law, the old man said — that is the very strongest law of avoidance among all the people.

kuku:
Dingkar-angka biwul kari nyaji kari nyunguny balka nyubun-bu, mukul-dingkar balkan — yinya yalaku junkurr bajaku bama-mu wubulku.

analysis:
dingkar-angka biwul kari nyaji kari nyunguny balka nyubun-bu, mukul-dingkar balka-ny — yinya yalaku junkurr bajaku bama-mu wubulku | man-ERG:pt mother-in-law NEG look NEG her(ACC) speak directly, old-man said — that law strong very person-POSS all

evidence:
⭐biwul 'mother-in-law'; the avoidance law (never look at or speak to her); yalaku junkurr 'strongest law'


frame: lexical
words_used: ["manyarr", "dunyu", "wurrul", "dulngku", "ngawiya", "balbi"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The wives went down together to gather the shellfish along the reef while the husbands hunted the turtle beyond it, the old woman said.

kuku:
Manyarr-karra bada muru dunga wurrul mani-nka dulngku-ba, dunyu-karra ngawiya balbi-balbi-nya dulngku-muny, mukul-jalbu balkan.

analysis:
manyarr-karra bada muru dunga wurrul mani-nka dulngku-ba, dunyu-karra ngawiya balbi-balbi-nya dulngku-muny, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | wife-KPL down together go shellfish(wurrul) get-PURP reef-LOC, husband-KPL sea.turtle hunt-REDUP-SUB reef-ABL, old-woman said

evidence:
⭐manyarr-karra 'wives' + dunyu-karra 'husbands' (KPL, grammar ex.63); dulngku reef (b115); the gendered gathering


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bangunji", "mandi", "dunyu", "yaba", "babarr"]
evidence: bangunji cousin + mandi moiety rule: cross-moiety cousins may marry, same-moiety are as siblings
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
Cousins of the opposite moiety may marry one another, the old man said, but cousins of the same one moiety are as brother and sister to each other.

kuku:
Bangunji mandi yindu-mu dunyu-mani- nka, mukul-dingkar balkan, yamba bangunji mandi nyubun-mu yala yaba babarr-jirr.

analysis:
bangunji mandi yindu-mu dunyu-mani-nka, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yamba bangunji mandi nyubun-mu yala yaba babarr-jirr | cousin moiety other-POSS marry-PURP, old-man said, but cousin moiety one-POSS like brother sister-COMIT


frame: lexical
words_used: ["warru", "kuyu", "ngawiya", "biwar", "ngalayan", "dunyu", "yalaku"]
evidence: ⭐ngalayan 'father-in-law'; the son-in-law's food obligation; biwar wife (b118); marriage-law duty
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The young man brought fish and turtle to his wife's father for many long seasons, the old man said, exactly as the old law of marriage requires of a man.

kuku:
Warru-ngku kuyu ngawiya-jirr nyungu biwar-mu ngalayan-nka wundi wungar-jarra wubul, mukul-dingkar balkan, yala dunyu-mu yalaku kalbay-muny balka.

analysis:
warru-ngku kuyu ngawiya-jirr nyungu biwar-mu ngalayan-nka wundi wungar-jarra wubul, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, yala dunyu-mu yalaku kalbay-muny balka | young.man-ERG:pt fish sea.turtle-COMIT his wife-POSS father-in-law-DAT bring season many, old-man said, like husband-POSS law long.ago say


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bama", "mandi", "jambul", "bubu", "minya", "juku"]
evidence: mandi jambul 'the two moieties' divide everyone AND everything (animals, trees) into two sides
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
Everyone belongs to one of the two moieties, the old man said, and everything in the country — every animal, every tree, every place — belongs to one side or the other.

kuku:
Bama wubulku mandi jambul-mu nyubun-ba wuna, mukul-dingkar balkan, bubu-ba wubulku — minya wubulku juku wubulku — mandi nyubun-ba yindu-ba-baja wuna.

analysis:
bama wubulku mandi jambul-mu nyubun-ba wuna, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bubu-ba wubulku — minya wubulku juku wubulku — mandi nyubun-ba yindu-ba-baja wuna | person all moiety two-POSS one-LOC belong, old-man said, country-LOC all — animal all tree all — moiety one-LOC other-LOC-too belong


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bama", "mulkal-mulkal", "bubu", "minya", "juku", "kunil", "balbi", "nukal"]
evidence: ⭐mulkal-mulkal 'totem'; each person's own animal/plant, never harmed; the totem-taboo
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
Each person has a totem from the country, the old woman said, an animal or a plant of their own that they must never once harm or hunt or eat.

kuku:
Bama nyubun-nyubun-ngku mulkal-mulkal bubu-muny karrba, mukul-jalbu balkan, minya juku-baja nyungu-mu nyulu kari nyubun-bu kuni balbi nuka.

analysis:
bama nyubun-nyubun-ngku mulkal-mulkal bubu-muny karrba, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, minya juku-baja nyungu-mu nyulu kari nyubun-bu kuni balbi nuka | person each-ERG:pt totem country-ABL hold, old-woman said, animal tree-too his 3sg NEG one-INST kill hunt eat


frame: lexical
words_used: ["bama", "wulal", "burri", "balka", "ngalba", "burri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
When a person dies, the old man said, their true name is not spoken aloud for a long, long time, and they are called only by the taboo-name instead.

kuku:
Bama wula-nya-muny, mukul-dingkar balkan, nyungu burri junkurr kari balka-l wumbul marri-marri, nyulu ngalba-bu nyubun burri-mani.

analysis:
bama wula-nya-muny, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyungu burri junkurr kari balka-l wumbul marri-marri, nyulu ngalba-bu nyubun burri-mani | person die-SUB-ABL, old-man said, his name true NEG speak time long-REDUP, 3sg taboo.name-INST only name(call)

evidence:
⭐ngalba 'taboo-name' for the deceased (name-avoidance, grammar l.699); wula-nya-muny 'after [one] dies' (b120)


frame: lexical
words_used: ["dunyu", "biwar", "mukul", "jija", "wubul", "bayan", "yajarril"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The husband and the wife grew old together side by side, the old woman said, and their many grandchildren filled the whole camp with noise and laughter.

kuku:
Dunyu biwar-jirr muru mukul-ma-l muru-ma-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, jana-mu jija-karra wubul bayan narmba warmba yirrka yajarri-jirr.

analysis:
dunyu biwar-jirr muru mukul-ma-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, jana-mu jija-karra wubul bayan narmba warmba yirrka yajarri-jirr | husband wife-COMIT together old-become-SUB, old-woman said, their grandchild-KPL many camp whole fill call laugh-COMIT

evidence:
dunyu+biwar grow old together; jija-karra (KPL) many grandchildren; yajarri laugh (b120); the full camp


frame: lexical
words_used: ["biwul", "mayi", "kangkal", "dunyu", "karrkay", "yungal", "balka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
The mother-in-law sent food across to her daughter's husband only through the little children, the old man said, for the two of them could never speak a word to each other.

kuku:
Biwul-angka mayi nyungu jalbu-kangkal-mu dunyu-nka karrkay-karrkay-bu nyubun yunga, mukul-dingkar balkan, jambulu kari nyubun-bu balka.

analysis:
biwul-angka mayi nyungu jalbu-kangkal-mu dunyu-nka karrkay-karrkay-bu nyubun yunga, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, jambulu kari nyubun-bu balka | mother-in-law-ERG:pt food her daughter-POSS husband-DAT child-REDUP-INST only send, old-man said, both NEG one-INST speak

evidence:
biwul sends food via the children (avoidance); yunga 'send' (b118); jalbu-kangkal 'daughter'; the-two-never-speak


frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "ngamu", "nganjan", "yaba", "kami", "kalnga", "bimakay", "mandi"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.85
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:10:51.269891+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:11:59.842281+00:00
english:
So the old man named for the boy the whole great web of kin, the old woman said — mother and father, brother and sister, grandparent and grandchild, uncle and aunt and cousin — and the two moieties that hold it all together, and he said: this is who you are.

kuku:
Yala mukul-dingkarangka karrkay bama-mu narmba burri — ngamu nganjan, yaba babarr, kami jija, kalnga bimakay bangunji-jirr — mandi jambul-jirr wubulku karrba-nya, mukul-jalbu balkan, nyulu balkan: yinya yundu.

analysis:
yala mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay bama-mu narmba burri — ngamu nganjan, yaba babarr, kami jija, kalnga bimakay bangunji-jirr — mandi jambul-jirr wubulku karrba-nya, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, nyulu balka-ny: yinya yundu | thus old-man-ERG:pt child kin-POSS whole name — mother father, brother sister, grandfather grandchild, mother's.brother father's.sister cousin-COMIT — moiety two-COMIT all hold-SUB, old-woman said, 3sg said: that you

evidence:
⭐the whole kin web in one sentence: ngamu/nganjan/yaba/babarr/kami/jija/kalnga/bimakay/bangunji + mandi jambul; 'this is who you are'


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanya", "junda", "kulbul", "nukal", "mukul", "karrkay", "nyajil", "kuli"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Who ate all the ripe figs that were sitting right here, the old woman asked the children sharply, but not one of them answered her.

kuku:
Wanya-ngka junda kulbul yaluy-mba wubulku nukan? mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay nyajin kuli-bu, yamba nyubun-bu kari balka.

analysis:
wanya-ngka junda kulbul yaluy-mba wubulku nuka-n? mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay nyaji-ny kuli-bu, yamba nyubun-bu kari balka | who-ERG:pt fig ripe here-LOC all eat-PAST? old-woman-ERG:pt child-REDUP ask anger-INST, but one-INST NEG speak

evidence:
⭐WHO(ERG) = wanya-ngka (ex.25 'Wanya-ngka mayi nuka-ny?'); junda fig (b113); kulbul ripe (b116); the accusing question


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanya", "jina", "jirakal", "jukar", "kima", "bana", "duku", "nyaji-nyaji"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Who made all these fresh tracks here in the soft sand by the water, the old man said, bending down low to look at them very closely.

kuku:
Wanya-ngka jina jirakal jukar kima-ba bana ngundu-ba bungan? mukul-dingkar balkan, bada duku nyaji-nyaji nyiku bajaku.

analysis:
wanya-ngka jina jirakal jukar kima-ba bana ngundu-ba bunga-n? mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bada duku nyaji-nyaji nyiku bajaku | who-ERG:pt track new sand soft-LOC water near-LOC make-PAST? old-man said, down bend watch close very

evidence:
WHO(ERG) wanya-ngka; jina track (b109); jirakal new (b118); duku bent/bending (b121); reading-the-tracks


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyu", "yalbay", "ngumbu", "janka", "wunay", "jukar", "karrkay", "nyajil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
What is that big dark thing lying so still on the sand over there, the little child asked, looking hard across the wide beach.

kuku:
Wanyu yinya yalbay ngumbu janka wuna-nya jukar-a yinya-ka? karrkay buban nyajin, jukar kala-kalbay-mba nyaji-nyaji junkurr.

analysis:
wanyu yinya yalbay ngumbu janka wuna-nya jukar-a yinya-ka? karrkay buban nyaji-ny, jukar kala-kalbay-mba nyaji-nyaji junkurr | what that big dark still lie-SUB sand-LOC there? child small ask, beach far-LOC watch strong

evidence:
⭐WHAT = wanyu (ABS); ngumbu dark (b117); jukar sand/beach (b107); the child's question about a distant shape


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanya", "jina", "bayan", "kaday", "mukul", "nyajil", "wujurr", "balbal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Who is that coming along the path toward the camp now, the old man said, for he could no longer see well in the dim evening light.

kuku:
Wanya yinya jina-ba bayan-ka kada-nya niji? mukul-dingkar balkan, nyulu kari-baja ngulkurr nyaji wujurr-ma-nya balbal-kari-ba.

analysis:
wanya yinya jina-ba bayan-ka kaday-nya niji? mukul-dingkar balka-ny, nyulu kari-baja ngulkurr nyaji wujurr-ma-nya balbal-kari-ba | who that path-LOC camp-DAT come-SUB now? old-man said, 3sg NEG-anymore good see evening bright-PRIV-LOC

evidence:
WHO(ABS, as S) wanya; kaday-nya 'coming' (SUB); balbal-kari 'without light' (bright-PRIV b110); the dim-sighted elder


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyu", "ngunyin", "karrbal", "kaminjarr", "mukul", "jalbu", "yajarril"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
What are you carrying there in your dilly-bag, my granddaughter, the old woman asked, smiling warmly at the girl.

kuku:
Wanyu yundu ngunyin-ba karrba, ngayku kaminjarr? mukul-jalbu-ngku nyajin, jalbu-nka janka yajarri-nya.

analysis:
wanyu yundu ngunyin-ba karrba, ngayku kaminjarr? mukul-jalbu-ngku nyaji-ny, jalbu-nka janka yajarri-nya | what you dilly.bag-LOC carry, my grandchild? old-woman-ERG:pt ask, girl-DAT quietly laugh(smile)-SUB

evidence:
WHAT wanyu; ngunyin dilly-bag (b107); kaminjarr grandchild (b121); yajarri smile/laugh (b120); the fond question


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanya", "yununy", "binal-bungal", "ngunyin", "junkurr", "jaba", "jurrki"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Who taught you to weave a dilly-bag as fine and tight as this one, the old woman asked the young girl, turning it over in her hands.

kuku:
Wanya-ngka yununy binal-bungal ngunyin ngulkurr junkurr yinya yala jaba-nka? mukul-jalbu-ngku jalbu warru nyajin, mara-bu jurrki.

analysis:
wanya-ngka yununy binal-bungal ngunyin ngulkurr junkurr yinya yala jaba-nka? mukul-jalbu-ngku jalbu warru nyaji-ny, mara-bu jurrki | who-ERG:pt you(ACC) teach dilly.bag good tight this like weave-PURP? old-woman-ERG:pt girl young ask, hand-INST turn

evidence:
WHO(ERG) wanya-ngka; yununy 2sg ACC (b118); binal-bungal teach (b118); jaba-nka 'to weave'; who-taught-you


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyu", "dingkar", "jambul", "balbi", "bayan", "wundil", "karrkay", "warri"]
evidence: WHAT wanyu; wundi-n 'brought' (elder past); the children running to meet the returning hunters
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
What did the two men bring back with them from the long hunt in the deep scrub, the children asked, running out to meet them.

kuku:
Wanyu dingkar-jarra jambul balbi wumbul-muny bayan-ka wundin? karrkay-karrkay nyajin, jana-nka warri nyaji-nka.

analysis:
wanyu dingkar-jarra jambul balbi wumbul-muny bayan-ka wundi-n? karrkay-karrkay nyaji-ny, jana-nka warri nyaji-nka | what man-pair two hunt long-ABL camp-DAT bring-PAST? child-REDUP ask, 3pl-DAT run see-PURP


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanya", "kuyu", "yalbay", "wandul", "dama", "mukul", "minya", "wungar"]
evidence: WHO(ERG) wanya-ngka; dama-n 'speared'; wandul fat (b109); who-caught-the-best-fish
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Who speared this big fat fish, the old man asked, holding it high, for it is the very finest catch of the whole long day.

kuku:
Wanya-ngka kuyu yalbay wandul yinya daman? mukul-dingkar nyajin, wangkar-a karrba, yinya minya ngulkurr bajaku wungar narmba-mu.

analysis:
wanya-ngka kuyu yalbay wandul yinya dama-n? mukul-dingkar nyaji-ny, wangkar-a karrba, yinya minya ngulkurr bajaku wungar narmba-mu | who-ERG:pt fish big fat this spear-PAST? old-man ask, up hold, this game good very day whole-POSS


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyu", "buyi", "juku", "kalbay", "yirrkal", "karrkay", "kami", "burri"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
What is that bird calling out from the very top of the tall tree, the child asked, and the grandfather told him its name at once.

kuku:
Wanyu buyi yinya juku kalbay wangkar-a yirrka-nya? karrkay nyajin, kami-ngku nyunguny nyungu burri nyiku-nyiku balkan.

analysis:
wanyu buyi yinya juku kalbay wangkar-a yirrka-nya? karrkay nyaji-ny, kami-ngku nyunguny nyungu burri nyiku-nyiku balka-ny | what bird that tree tall top-LOC call-SUB? child ask, grandfather-ERG:pt him(ACC) its name soon tell | 

evidence:
WHAT wanyu (for a bird — animate non-human); buyi bird (b117); yirrka call (b114); kami grandfather (b121); what-bird-is-that


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanya", "bana", "bana-jandu", "wundil", "mukul", "karrkay", "buri", "daki-daki"]
evidence: WHO(ERG) wanya-ngka; bana-jandu creek (b115); daki-daki lazy (b116); who-fetches-the-water
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Who will carry the water back up from the creek today, the old woman asked the children sitting idle by the morning fire.

kuku:
Wanya-ngka bana bana-jandu-muny bada-baja wundi niji? mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay nyajin, buri-ngka daki-daki bunda-nya.

analysis:
wanya-ngka bana bana-jandu-muny bada-baja wundi niji? mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay nyaji-ny, buri-ngka daki-daki bunda-nya | who-ERG:pt water creek-ABL up-again bring now? old-woman-ERG:pt child-REDUP ask, fire-LOC lazy sit-SUB


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyu", "bunga", "duwar", "wangay", "junkurr", "karrkay", "mara", "nyajil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
What are you making there with the black palm and the strong vine, the boy asked, watching the old man's quick and certain hands.

kuku:
Wanyu yundu yinya-ba bunga duwar wangay junkurr-jirr? karrkay nyajin, mukul-dingkar-mu mara bila junkurr nyaji-l-nyaji-nya.

analysis:
wanyu yundu yinya-ba bunga duwar wangay junkurr-jirr? karrkay nyaji-ny, mukul-dingkar-mu mara bila junkurr nyaji-l-nyaji-nya | what you there-LOC make black.palm vine strong-COMIT? child ask, old-man-POSS hand fast strong watch-l-REDUP-SUB

evidence:
WHAT wanyu; duwar black-palm (b119); wangay vine (b113); nyaji-l-nyaji-nya 'watching' (simultaneous b120); what-are-you-making


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanya", "mukul", "bayan", "ngandal", "janka", "kala-kalbay", "karrkay", "ngamu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Who is that old man sitting all alone at the far quiet edge of the big camp, the child asked her mother very quietly.

kuku:
Wanya yinya mukul-dingkar bayan yalbay-mu ngandal janka kala-kalbay-mba nyubun-bu bunda-nya? karrkay-angka nyungu ngamu janka bajaku nyajin.

analysis:
wanya yinya mukul-dingkar bayan yalbay-mu ngandal janka kala-kalbay-mba nyubun-bu bunda-nya? karrkay-angka nyungu ngamu janka bajaku nyaji-ny | who that old-man camp big-POSS edge quiet far-LOC alone sit-SUB? child-ERG:pt her mother quietly very ask

evidence:
WHO(ABS, S) wanya; bunda-nya 'sitting' (SUB); ngandal edge (b109); the whispered question about a stranger


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyu", "wawu", "binal-bungal", "karrkay", "binal", "balbi", "kalka"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
What else do you want me to teach you now, the old man asked the boy, now that you already know how to hunt and to make a good spear.

kuku:
Wanyu-baja yundu wawu ngayu yununy binal-bungal niji? mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay nyajin, yundu niji binal balbi-nka kalka ngulkurr bunga-nka.

analysis:
wanyu-baja yundu wawu ngayu yununy binal-bungal niji? mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay nyaji-ny, yundu niji binal balbi-nka kalka ngulkurr bunga-nka | what-else you want 1sg you(ACC) teach now? old-man-ERG:pt child ask, you now know hunt-PURP spear good make-PURP

evidence:
⭐wanyu-baja 'what else' (what + -baja, prompt for more); wawu 'want' (b118); binal 'know how to' (b118)


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanjabu", "dunga", "wunkuwingku", "ngiki", "mukul", "warru", "bayan", "muru"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Where are you all going so early this cold morning, the old woman called out to the young men as they left the camp together.

kuku:
Yurra wanjabu dunga-y wunkuwingku ngiki niji? mukul-jalbu-ngku warru-warru burri, jana bayan-muny muru dunga-nya.

analysis:
yurra wanjabu dunga-y wunkuwingku ngiki niji? mukul-jalbu-ngku warru-warru burri, jana bayan-muny muru dunga-nya | 2pl where go-NONPAST morning cold now? old-woman-ERG:pt young.man-REDUP call, 3pl camp-ABL together go-SUB

evidence:
⭐WHERE = wanjabu (ex.130 'Yundu wanjabu dunga-y?'); yurra 2pl (b?); ngiki cold (b115); where-are-you-going


frame: construction
words_used: ["ngamu", "wanjabu", "mukul", "karrkay", "wulal", "nyajil", "wunkuwingku"]
evidence: ⭐WHERE wanjabu (ex.129 'Yunu ngamu wanjabu?'); yunu 'your' (b118); where-is-your-mother
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Where is your mother right now, the old man asked the little lost child gently, for I have not once seen her since the early morning.

kuku:
Yunu ngamu wanjabu niji? mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay buban wula-nya janka nyajin, ngayu nyungu kari nyaji wunkuwingku-muny.

analysis:
yunu ngamu wanjabu niji? mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay buban wula-nya janka nyaji-ny, ngayu nyungu kari nyaji wunkuwingku-muny | your mother where now? old-man-ERG:pt child small lost quietly ask, 1sg her NEG see morning-ABL


frame: construction
words_used: ["junda", "jiba-wulay", "kulbul", "wanjamuny", "manil", "jalbu", "wawu"]
evidence: ⭐WHERE-FROM = wanjamuny (ABL, l.); junda fig (b113); where-did-you-find-them
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Where did you find these sweet ripe figs, the old woman asked the girl, for I want very much to go to that same place myself the next day.

kuku:
Yundu junda jiba-wulay kulbul yinya wanjamuny manin? mukul-jalbu-ngku jalbu nyajin, ngayu wawu bajaku yinya-ka dunga-nka ngayu-baja wungar yindu-ba.

analysis:
yundu junda jiba-wulay kulbul yinya wanjamuny mani-n? mukul-jalbu-ngku jalbu nyaji-ny, ngayu wawu bajaku yinya-ka dunga-nka ngayu-baja wungar yindu-ba | you fig sweet ripe this where.from get-PAST? old-woman-ERG:pt girl ask, 1sg want very that-DAT go-PURP 1sg-too day other-LOC


frame: construction
words_used: ["bana", "wanjabu", "wunay", "bubu", "marral", "kulji", "warru", "binal-bungal"]
evidence: WHERE wanjabu; marral dry (b111); where-is-the-water; the old woman shows the way
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Where does the good clean water lie hidden in this dry stony country, the young man asked, and the old woman rose and showed him the way.

kuku:
Bana ngulkurr wanjabu wuna bubu marral kulji-jirr-ba? warru-ngku nyajin, mukul-jalbu wandi nyungu jina binal-bungal.

analysis:
bana ngulkurr wanjabu wuna bubu marral kulji-jirr-ba? warru-ngku nyaji-ny, mukul-jalbu wandi nyungu jina binal-bungal | water good where lie country dry stone-COMIT-LOC? young.man-ERG:pt ask, old-woman rise his path teach


frame: construction
words_used: ["kaba", "wanja-wanja", "kaday", "wungar", "karrkay", "jiri", "yalama"]
evidence: ⭐WHEN = wanja-wanja (redup 'where'); kaba rain (b116); jiri sky (b120); when-will-the-rains-come
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
When will the big rains finally come this year, the children asked, and the old man watched the sky a long while and did not answer them.

kuku:
Kaba yalbay wanja-wanja kada-y wungar-jarra yinya-ba? karrkay-karrkay nyajin, mukul-dingkar jiri nyaji-nyaji wumbul, kari balka.

analysis:
kaba yalbay wanja-wanja kaday wungar-jarra yinya-ba? karrkay-karrkay nyaji-ny, mukul-dingkar jiri nyaji-nyaji wumbul, kari balka | rain big when come sun/year this-LOC? child-REDUP ask, old-man sky watch long, NEG speak


frame: construction
words_used: ["kadar", "wanjabu", "wanarri", "balbi", "mula", "ngumbu", "jina"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Where has the wounded wallaby run off to now, the hunter said quietly, reading the small dark drops of blood along the ground.

kuku:
Kadar dama-nya wanjabu wanarrin niji? balbi-bama janka balkan, mula ngumbu buban jina-bu bubu-ba nyaji-nyaji.

analysis:
kadar dama-nya wanjabu wanarri-n niji? balbi-bama janka balka-ny, mula ngumbu buban jina-bu bubu-ba nyaji-nyaji | wallaby spear-SUB where run-PAST now? hunt-person quietly say, blood dark small track-INST ground-LOC watch

evidence:
WHERE wanjabu; kadar dama-nya 'the speared wallaby'; wanarri run (b114); mula blood (b109); tracking-by-blood


frame: construction
words_used: ["bama", "mukul", "wanja-wanja", "bubu", "kaday", "karrkay", "babi", "kuku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
When did the old people first come to live in this country long ago, the child asked, and the grandmother began a long slow story.

kuku:
Bama mukul wanja-wanja nyubun-nya yinya bubu-ba kaday wuna-nka? karrkay nyajin, babi-ngku kuku marri yudal.

analysis:
bama mukul wanja-wanja nyubun-nya yinya bubu-ba kaday wuna-nka? karrkay nyaji-ny, babi-ngku kuku marri yudal | person old when first this country-LOC come live-PURP? child ask, grandmother-ERG:pt story long begin

evidence:
WHEN wanja-wanja; babi grandmother (b121); kuku story (b109); yudal begin (b114); when-did-the-people-come


frame: construction
words_used: ["baka", "juku", "wanjabu", "bawal", "jalbu", "bambayal", "wungar"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Where did you leave the digging-sticks yesterday, the old woman asked the girls, for we must dig the yams now before the day grows too hot.

kuku:
Yurra baka-juku wanjabu bawan yilay? mukul-jalbu-ngku jalbu-jalbu nyajin, ngana bambayal baka-nka niji wungar wumbul-ma-nyjiku.

analysis:
yurra baka-juku wanjabu bawa-n yilay? mukul-jalbu-ngku jalbu-jalbu nyaji-ny, ngana bambayal baka-nka niji wungar wumbul-ma-nyjiku | 2pl dig-stick where leave-PAST yesterday? old-woman-ERG:pt girl-REDUP ask, 1pl.inc(ngana) yam dig-PURP now sun hot-become-before

evidence:
WHERE wanjabu; baka-juku 'digging-stick'; bawa-n 'left' (leave); yilay yesterday (b111); before-it-gets-hot


frame: construction
words_used: ["kija", "murru-murru", "balbal", "wanja-wanja", "dulngku", "kalnga", "karrkay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
When the round moon is full and bright, is that the right time to go out onto the reef, the boy asked his mother's brother.

kuku:
Kija murru-murru balbal-nya, yinya wanja-wanja ngulkurr dulngku-ka dunga-nka? karrkay-angka nyungu kalnga nyajin.

analysis:
kija murru-murru balbal-nya, yinya wanja-wanja ngulkurr dulngku-ka dunga-nka? karrkay-angka nyungu kalnga nyaji-ny | moon round bright-SUB, that when good reef-DAT go-PURP? child-ERG:pt his mother's.brother ask

evidence:
WHEN wanja-wanja (embedded in a real question); kija moon (b111); dulngku reef (b115); kalnga MB (b121)


frame: construction
words_used: ["ngawiya", "wanjabu", "jukar", "kaday", "jalun", "warru", "mukul", "binal"]
evidence: WHERE wanjabu; ngawiya sea-turtle (b115); jalun coast/sea (b102); where-do-turtles-nest
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Where do the big sea-turtles come up to lay their eggs along this coast, the young man asked the old fisherman who knew the whole shore.

kuku:
Ngawiya yalbay wanjabu jukar-a kaday karrkay wuna-nka jalun yinya-ba? warru-ngku mukul-dingkar kuyu-bama jalun narmba binal nyajin.

analysis:
ngawiya yalbay wanjabu jukar-a kaday karrkay wuna-nka jalun yinya-ba? warru-ngku mukul-dingkar kuyu-bama jalun narmba binal nyaji-ny | sea.turtle big where sand-LOC come egg(young) lay-PURP coast this-LOC? young.man-ERG:pt old-man fish-person coast whole know ask


frame: construction
words_used: ["karrkay", "wubulku", "wanjabu", "dunga", "mukul", "bayan", "janka", "wungar"]
evidence: WHERE wanjabu; dunga-nya 'gone' (SUB); the too-quiet camp; where-are-the-children
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Where have all the little children gone off to now, the old woman asked, for the whole camp is far too quiet this warm afternoon.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay buban wubulku wanjabu dunga-nya niji? mukul-jalbu nyajin, bayan narmba janka bajaku wungar wumbul-ba.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay buban wubulku wanjabu dunga-nya niji? mukul-jalbu nyaji-ny, bayan narmba janka bajaku wungar wumbul-ba | child-REDUP small all where go-SUB now? old-woman ask, camp whole quiet very sun warm-LOC


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanja-wanja", "wulngku", "dajali", "binal-bungal", "kami", "karrkay", "mukul"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
When will you finally teach me the deep old songs, grandfather, the boy asked, and the old man answered him only: when you are older.

kuku:
Wanja-wanja yundu ngayku wulngku dajali kalbay-muny-mu binal-bungal, kami? karrkay nyajin, mukul-dingkar-angka nyubun balkan: yundu mukul-ma-nya-ka.

analysis:
wanja-wanja yundu ngayku wulngku dajali kalbay-muny-mu binal-bungal, kami? karrkay nyaji-ny, mukul-dingkar-angka nyubun balka-ny: yundu mukul-ma-nya-ka | when you me(POSS/DAT) song deep long.ago-POSS teach, grandfather? child ask, old-man-ERG:pt only say: you old-become-SUB-DAT

evidence:
WHEN wanja-wanja; wulngku song (b115); 'when you are older' = mukul-ma-nya-ka (become-old SUB-DAT); when-will-you-teach-me


frame: construction
words_used: ["jalungkarr", "walba", "wanjabu", "jarra-kulba", "mukul", "bana-jandu", "jirakal"]
evidence: WHERE wanjabu; jalungkarr flood (b116); walmba log (b119); the changed river after the flood
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Where did that great flood carry the great old log away to, the old man wondered aloud, looking down the whole length of the changed river.

kuku:
Jalungkarr yalbay-angka walmba mukul wanjabu jarra-kulban? mukul-dingkar milka-ba nyajin, bana-jandu jirakal narmba bada nyaji-nyaji.

analysis:
jalungkarr yalbay-angka walmba mukul wanjabu jarra-kulba-n? mukul-dingkar milka-ba nyaji-ny, bana-jandu jirakal narmba bada nyaji-nyaji | flood big-ERG:pt log old where carry-PAST? old-man mind-LOC ask, creek new whole down watch


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanjarr", "kuyu", "wubul", "wunkuwingku", "manil", "karrkay", "ngunyin", "miyil"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
How did you ever catch so very many fish in a single short morning, the children asked, staring wide-eyed at the full heavy dilly-bag.

kuku:
Wanjarr yundu kuyu wubul bajaku nyubun wunkuwingku buban-ba manin? karrkay-karrkay nyajin, ngunyin warmba kulngkul miyil yalbay-bu nyaji-nyaji.

analysis:
wanjarr yundu kuyu wubul bajaku nyubun wunkuwingku buban-ba mani-n? karrkay-karrkay nyaji-ny, ngunyin warmba kulngkul miyil yalbay-bu nyaji-nyaji | how you fish many very one morning small-LOC get-PAST? child-REDUP ask, dilly.bag full heavy eye big-INST watch

evidence:
⭐HOW = wanjarr; kuyu fish (b115); ngunyin warmba 'full dilly-bag'; wide-eyed children; how-did-you-catch-so-many


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanjarrinya", "ngawiya", "dingkar", "dulngku", "wundil", "mukul", "karrkay"]
evidence: ⭐HOW MANY = wanjarrinya; ngawiya turtle (b115); dulngku reef (b115); how-many-turtles
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
How many big turtles did the men bring back from beyond the far reef today, the old woman asked the breathless boy.

kuku:
Wanjarrinya ngawiya yalbay dingkar-dingkar-angka dulngku kala-kalbay-muny bada-baja wundin niji? mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay wawu-baja-nya nyajin.

analysis:
wanjarrinya ngawiya yalbay dingkar-dingkar-angka dulngku kala-kalbay-muny bada-baja wundi-n niji? mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay wawu-baja-nya nyaji-ny | how.many sea.turtle big man-REDUP-ERG:pt reef far-ABL up-again bring-PAST now? old-woman-ERG:pt child breath-tired-SUB ask


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyurri", "kaya", "wurun", "wundil", "kuli", "bawal", "wujurr", "ngiki"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Why did you take the camp dog right inside the shelter, the old woman asked crossly, you should have left it outside in the cool of the night.

kuku:
Wanyurri-mbu yundu kaya wurun-ba wundin? mukul-jalbu-ngku kuli-bu nyajin, yundu nyulu ngalkal-ba bawa-nyaku wujurr ngiki-ba.

analysis:
wanyurri-mbu yundu kaya wurun-ba wundi-n? mukul-jalbu-ngku kuli-bu nyaji-ny, yundu nyulu ngalkal-ba bawa-nyaku wujurr ngiki-ba | what.LOC(why) you dog humpy-LOC bring-PAST? old-woman-ERG:pt anger-INST ask, you it outside-LOC leave-IRR night cold-LOC

evidence:
⭐WHY(location focus) = wanyurri-mbu (what-LOC, ex.127a 'why the house?'); bawa-nyaku 'should have left' (IRR b116); kaya dog (b116)


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanjarr", "buri", "juku", "duna", "karrkay", "binal-bungal", "jina"]
evidence: HOW wanjarr; duna-kari 'dry' (wet-PRIV, b115); how-do-you-make-fire; the slow teaching
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
How do you make the fire come right out of the two dry rubbing-sticks, the child asked, and the old man showed him the way very slowly.

kuku:
Wanjarr yundu buri juku duna-kari jambul-muny ngalkal-ma-l? karrkay nyajin, mukul-dingkar-angka nyunguny jina binal-bungal janka bajaku.

analysis:
wanjarr yundu buri juku duna-kari jambul-muny ngalkal-ma-l? karrkay nyaji-ny, mukul-dingkar-angka nyunguny jina binal-bungal janka bajaku | how you fire wood wet-PRIV two-ABL out-INCHO? child ask, old-man-ERG:pt him(ACC) way teach quietly very


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanjarrinya", "wungar", "bubu", "wunay", "babi", "karrkay", "yajarril"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
How many long seasons have you  lived in this same country, grandmother, the child asked, and the old woman only laughed softly and said nothing.

kuku:
Wanjarrinya wungar-jarra yundu yinya bubu-ba wuna-n, babi? karrkay nyajin, mukul-jalbu nyubun yajarri janka, kari nyubun-bu balkan.

analysis:
wanjarrinya wungar-jarra yundu yinya bubu-ba wuna-n, babi? karrkay nyaji-ny, mukul-jalbu nyubun yajarri janka, kari nyubun-bu balka-ny | how.many season you this country-LOC  live-PAST, grandmother? child ask, old-woman only laugh quietly, NEG one-INST say-PAST

evidence:
HOW MANY wanjarrinya; wungar-jarra 'seasons' (b111); babi grandmother (b121); yajarri laugh (b120); the unanswered how-many


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyurri", "bambay", "kaminjarr", "mukul", "mara", "ngiki", "walu", "wumbul"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
What are you ill with, my grandchild, the old woman asked softly, laying her cool hand on the sick child's hot forehead.

kuku:
Yundu wanyurri-nji bambay, ngayku kaminjarr? mukul-jalbu-ngku janka nyajin, nyungu mara ngiki karrkay bambay-mu walu wumbul-ba wandi.

analysis:
yundu wanyurri-nji bambay, ngayku kaminjarr? mukul-jalbu-ngku janka nyaji-ny, nyungu mara ngiki karrkay bambay-mu walu wumbul-ba wandi | you what.COMIT sick, my grandchild? old-woman-ERG:pt quietly ask, her hand cool child sick-POSS head hot-LOC put

evidence:
⭐ILLNESS Q = wanyurri-nji (what-COMIT, ex.128 'Yundu wanyurrinji bambay?'); bambay sick (b116); walu head (b109); what-are-you-ill-with


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyurrimun", "bilngkumu", "janka", "wunay", "karrkay", "mukul", "bundal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Why does the great crocodile lie so very still for so long a time, the boy asked, and the old man told him that it was only waiting.

kuku:
Wanyurrimun bilngkumu yalbay janka bajaku wuna wumbul marri? karrkay nyajin, mukul-dingkar-angka nyunguny balkan nyulu nyubun bunda-nya.

analysis:
wanyurrimun bilngkumu yalbay janka bajaku wuna wumbul marri? karrkay nyaji-ny, mukul-dingkar-angka nyunguny balka-ny nyulu nyubun bunda-nya | why crocodile big still very lie long? child ask, old-man-ERG:pt him(ACC) tell 3sg only wait(sit)-SUB

evidence:
⭐WHY(purpose) = wanyurrimun (what-DAT 'for what', ex.127b); bilngkumu crocodile (b116); why-does-it-lie-still


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanjarrinya", "karrkay", "jinkurr", "mukul", "wungar", "nyajil"]
evidence: HOW MANY wanjarrinya; jinkurr younger sister (b121); how-many-children-does-your-sister-have
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
How many little children does your younger sister have now, the old woman asked, for it has been so very many seasons since I last saw her.

kuku:
Wanjarrinya karrkay-karrkay buban yunu jinkurr-mu niji? mukul-jalbu-ngku nyajin, wungar-jarra wubul bajaku ngayu nyungu kari nyaji-nya-muny.

analysis:
wanjarrinya karrkay-karrkay buban yunu jinkurr-mu niji? mukul-jalbu-ngku nyaji-ny, wungar-jarra wubul bajaku ngayu nyungu kari nyaji-nya-muny | how.many child-REDUP small your younger.sister-POSS now? old-woman-ERG:pt ask, season many very 1sg her NEG see-SUB-ABL


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyurrimun", "yirku-yirku", "yirrkal", "kunbayn", "wujurr", "karrkay", "jarba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Why did all the frogs suddenly fall completely silent in the middle of the night, the child asked, and the old woman answered him only: a snake.

kuku:
Wanyurrimun yirku-yirku wubulku nyubun-bu yirrka kunbayn wujurr jarra-ka? karrkay nyajin, mukul-jalbu-ngku nyubun balkan: jarba.

analysis:
wanyurrimun yirku-yirku wubulku nyubun-bu yirrka kunbayn wujurr jarra-ka? karrkay nyaji-ny, mukul-jalbu-ngku nyubun balka-ny: jarba | why frog all together call finish night middle-DAT? child ask, old-woman-ERG:pt only say: snake

evidence:
WHY wanyurrimun; yirku-yirku frog (b119); yirrka kunbayn 'fall silent' (b119); jarba snake (b115); why-the-silence


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanjarr", "bama", "jina", "bubu", "manil", "kami", "karrkay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
How did the old people ever find their way across the whole wide country with no path at all to follow, the boy asked the grandfather.

kuku:
Wanjarr bama mukul jina bubu narmba-burr manin jina-kari bajaku? karrkay-angka kami nyajin, bubu marri yalbay-mba.

analysis:
wanjarr bama mukul jina bubu narmba-burr mani-n jina-kari bajaku? karrkay-angka kami nyaji-ny, bubu marri yalbay-mba | how person old path country whole-PERL get-PAST path-PRIV very? child-ERG:pt grandfather ask, country long big-LOC

evidence:
HOW wanjarr; jina-kari 'without a path' (PRIV b110); bubu narmba-burr 'across the whole country' (PERL); how-did-they-navigate


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyurrimun", "minya", "mukul", "dajil", "karrkay", "ngamu", "yalaku"]
evidence: WHY wanyurrimun; daji-l give (b118); yalaku law (b118); why-give-the-elders-first
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Why do you always give the very first and best of the meat to the old people, the child asked her mother, and the mother told her it was the law.

kuku:
Wanyurrimun yundu marri minya nyubun ngulkurr bajaku mukul-bama-nka daji? karrkay-angka nyungu ngamu nyajin, ngamu-ngku nyunguny balkan yinya yalaku.

analysis:
wanyurrimun yundu marri minya nyubun ngulkurr bajaku mukul-bama-nka daji? karrkay-angka nyungu ngamu nyaji-ny, ngamu-ngku nyunguny balka-ny yinya yalaku | why you always meat first good very old-person-DAT give? child-ERG:pt her mother ask, mother-ERG:pt her(ACC) tell that law


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanjarrinya", "kalka", "warru", "wundil", "ngawiya", "balbi", "dulngku"]
evidence: HOW MANY wanjarrinya; kalka spear; how-many-spears-for-the-hunt
status: accepted
confidence: 0.81
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
How many spears will each of the young men need to carry for the big turtle hunt beyond the reef, the old man asked them.

kuku:
Wanjarrinya kalka warru nyubun-nyubun-bu wundi-nka ngawiya balbi yalbay-nka dulngku-muny? mukul-dingkar-angka jana nyajin.

analysis:
wanjarrinya kalka warru nyubun-nyubun-bu wundi-nka ngawiya balbi yalbay-nka dulngku-muny? mukul-dingkar-angka jana nyaji-ny | how.many spear young.man each-INST carry-PURP sea.turtle hunt big-DAT reef-ABL? old-man-ERG:pt 3pl ask


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanyurrimun", "dingkar", "biwul", "balka", "karrkay", "mukul", "yalaku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Why must a man never once speak to his own mother-in-law, the boy asked, and the old man answered him simply: that is the old law of avoidance.

kuku:
Wanyurrimun dingkar nyungu biwul kari nyubun-bu balka-nka? karrkay nyajin, mukul-dingkar-angka nyunguny nyubun balkan: yinya yalaku kalbay-muny.

analysis:
wanyurrimun dingkar nyungu biwul kari nyubun-bu balka-nka? karrkay nyaji-ny, mukul-dingkar-angka nyunguny nyubun balka-ny: yinya yalaku kalbay-muny | why man his mother-in-law NEG one-INST speak-PURP? child ask, old-man-ERG:pt him(ACC) only say: that law long.ago

evidence:
WHY wanyurrimun; biwul mother-in-law (b121); the avoidance law; why-cant-a-man-speak-to-his-mother-in-law


frame: construction
words_used: ["kadar", "balbi", "madja", "warru", "yabaju", "buri", "wunkuwingku"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Are you coming out with us to hunt the wallaby in the scrub today, the young man asked his younger brother by the morning fire.

kuku:
Yundu ngananji kadar balbi-nka madja-ka niji? warru-ngku nyungu yabaju buri-ngka wunkuwingku-ba nyajin.

analysis:
yundu ngananji kadar balbi-nka madja-ka niji? warru-ngku nyungu yabaju buri-ngka wunkuwingku-ba nyaji-ny | you us(COMIT) wallaby hunt-PURP scrub-DAT now? young.man-ERG:pt his younger.brother fire-LOC morning-LOC ask

evidence:
⭐POLAR (yes/no) Q: statement word-order + intonation, NO particle (ex. 'Yundu kada-y?'); yabaju younger brother (b121); are-you-coming


frame: construction
words_used: ["buyi", "wujurr", "yirrkal", "milka-janay", "mukul", "kaba"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Did you hear that lonely bird calling out in the deep of the night, the old woman asked, for that call is a sure sign of the rains coming soon.

kuku:
Yundu buyi yinya wujurr dajali-ba yirrka-nya milka-janan? mukul-jalbu-ngku nyajin, yinya yirrka kaba kada-nya-mu nyaji.

analysis:
yundu buyi yinya wujurr dajali-ba yirrka-nya milka-jana-n? mukul-jalbu-ngku nyaji-ny, yinya yirrka kaba kaday-nya-mu nyaji | you bird that night deep-LOC call-SUB hear-PAST? old-woman-ERG:pt ask, that call rain come-SUB-POSS sign(see)

evidence:
POLAR Q (did you hear...?) statement+intonation; buyi bird (b117); milka-jana-n 'heard'; bird-as-rain-sign (b117)


frame: construction
words_used: ["minya", "ngawiya", "wajul", "karrkay", "dakuy", "mukul", "kubu"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Is the turtle meat cooked right through yet, the hungry child asked, and the old woman told him to wait a good while longer by the coals.

kuku:
Minya ngawiya narmba waju-n niji? karrkay dakuy nyajin, mukul-jalbu-ngku nyunguny balkan bunda wumbul-baja kubu ngundu-ba.

analysis:
minya ngawiya narmba waju-n niji? karrkay dakuy nyaji-ny, mukul-jalbu-ngku nyunguny balka-ny bunda wumbul-baja kubu ngundu-ba | meat sea.turtle whole cook-PAST now? child hungry ask, old-woman-ERG:pt him(ACC) tell wait long-again coal near-LOC

evidence:
POLAR Q (is it cooked?); waju-ny 'cooked' (here question-final); dakuy hungry (b114); wait-a-while-longer


frame: construction
words_used: ["dingkar", "dulngku", "kaday", "mukul", "karrkay", "yira", "nyunbay"]
evidence: POLAR Q (have they come back?); yira tide (b115); nyunba turn (b116); the turning tide
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Have the men come back yet from the far reef, the old woman asked the children, for the strong tide is already beginning to turn now.

kuku:
Dingkar-dingkar dulngku kala-kalbay-muny bada-baja kada-n niji? mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay nyajin, yira junkurr niji nyunba yudal-nya.

analysis:
dingkar-dingkar dulngku kala-kalbay-muny bada-baja kaday-ny niji? mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-karrkay nyaji-ny, yira junkurr niji nyunba yudal-nya | man-REDUP reef far-ABL up-again come-PAST now? old-woman-ERG:pt child-REDUP ask, tide strong now turn begin-SUB


frame: construction
words_used: ["binal", "bana", "manil", "bubu", "marral", "mukul", "karrkay"]
evidence: POLAR Q (do you know...?); binal 'know how to' (b118); marral dry (b111); testing-what-was-learned
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Do you  know how to find good water out in the dry country, the old man asked the boy, testing carefully all that the child had learned so far.

kuku:
Yundu binal bana ngulkurr mani-nka bubu marral-ba? mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay nyajin, karrkay-mu binalman narmba nyaji-nyaji.

analysis:
yundu binal bana ngulkurr mani-nka bubu marral-ba? mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay nyaji-ny, karrkay-mu binal-ma-ny narmba nyaji-nyaji | you  know water good get-PURP country dry-LOC? old-man-ERG:pt child ask, child-POSS learn-PAST whole watch


frame: construction
words_used: ["junjuy", "jikan", "kalbay", "mara-warri", "karrkay", "yararri", "balbi", "milka-janay"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Is there something moving quietly in the long grass over there, the child whispered fearfully, and the hunter went completely still and listened hard.

kuku:
Junjuy yinya-ba jikan kalbay-mba janka mara-warri-nya? karrkay yararri-bu janka balkan, balbi-bama janjanay bajaku milka-janay junkurr.

analysis:
junjuy yinya-ba jikan kalbay-mba janka mara-warri-nya? karrkay yararri-bu janka balka-ny, balbi-bama janjanay bajaku milka-janay junkurr | something there-LOC grass long-LOC quietly crawl-SUB? child fear-INST quietly say, hunt-person stand very listen strong

evidence:
⭐junjuy 'something' (indefinite, non-human); mara-warri crawl (b119); yararri fear (b116); is-something-there


frame: construction
words_used: ["mukul", "ngunyin", "jirakal", "jaba", "kunbayn", "karrkay", "ngamu"]
evidence: POLAR Q (did she finish?); jirakal new (b118); kunbayn finish (b114); did-she-finish-weaving
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Did the old woman finally finish weaving the big new dilly-bag, the child asked eagerly, and the mother told her that indeed she had finished it.

kuku:
Mukul-jalbu ngunyin yalbay jirakal jaba kunbayn niji? karrkay wawu-bu nyajin, ngamu-ngku nyunguny balkan nyulu kunbayn-nya.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu ngunyin yalbay jirakal jaba kunbayn niji? karrkay wawu-bu nyaji-ny, ngamu-ngku nyunguny balka-ny nyulu kunbayn-nya | old-woman dilly.bag big new weave finish now? child eager-INST ask, mother-ERG:pt her(ACC) tell  3sg finish-SUB


frame: construction
words_used: ["wanya", "jina", "bunga", "mukul", "karrkay", "binal"]
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
The old man asked the child who had made all the tracks, the old woman said, but the little child  did not know who it had been at all.

kuku:
Mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay nyajin wanya-ngka jina wubulku bungan, mukul-jalbu balkan, yamba karrkay buban kari binal wanya nyulu.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay nyaji-ny wanya-ngka jina wubulku bunga-n, mukul-jalbu balka-ny, yamba karrkay buban kari binal wanya nyulu | old-man-ERG:pt child ask who-ERG:pt track all make-PAST, old-woman said, but child small  NEG know who 3sg

evidence:
⭐EMBEDDED question: 'asked who had made...' (wanya-ngka in an indirect question); binal wanya 'know who'; the child didn't know


frame: construction
words_used: ["binal", "baka", "juku", "wanjabu", "mukul", "kuli", "bawal"]
evidence: ⭐wanjabu as BOTH 'where' (embedded Q) AND 'somewhere' (indefinite, l.131); the lost digging-stick
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
I  do not know where my own digging-stick is, the old woman said crossly, for I set it down somewhere and cannot find it again now.

kuku:
Ngayu kari binal ngayku baka-juku wanjabu, mukul-jalbu balkan kuli-bu, ngayu wanjabu bawan, kari-baja mani-nka.

analysis:
ngayu kari binal ngayku baka-juku wanjabu, mukul-jalbu balka-ny kuli-bu, ngayu wanjabu bawa-n, kari-baja mani-nka | 1sg  NEG know my dig-stick where, old-woman said anger-INST, 1sg somewhere leave-PAST, NEG-anymore find-PURP


frame: construction
words_used: ["babi", "mukul", "junkurr", "bambay", "kija", "murru-murru"]
evidence: POLAR Q (is she well again?); babi grandmother (b121); bambay sick (b116); the last-moon illness
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
Is your old grandmother well and strong again now, the old man asked kindly, for she was very sick indeed in the last round moon.

kuku:
Yunu babi mukul ngulkurr junkurr-baja niji? mukul-dingkar-angka janka nyajin, nyulu bambay bajaku kija murru-murru kalbay-muny.

analysis:
yunu babi mukul ngulkurr junkurr-baja niji? mukul-dingkar-angka janka nyaji-ny, nyulu bambay bajaku kija murru-murru kalbay-muny | your grandmother old good strong-again now? old-man-ERG:pt kindly ask, 3sg sick very moon round last-ABL | 


frame: construction
status: accepted
confidence: 0.85
rights_status: open
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-06T23:23:50.317829+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T23:25:10.469403+00:00
english:
So the old man taught the boy to ask well, the old woman said — who and what, where and when, how and how many and why — for the person who asks the right question, the old man said, already holds the answer in his own hand.

kuku:
Yala mukul-dingkarangka karrkay binal-bungal ngulkurr nyaji-nka, mukul-jalbu balkan — wanya wanyu, wanjabu wanja-wanja, wanjarr wanjarrinya wanyurrimun-jirr — bama ngulkurr nyaji-nya-ngku, mukul-dingkar balkan, kuku nyungu mara-ba niji karrba.

analysis:
yala mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay binal-bungal ngulkurr nyaji-nka, mukul-jalbu balka-ny — wanya wanyu, wanjabu wanja-wanja, wanjarr wanjarrinya wanyurrimun-jirr — bama ngulkurr nyaji-nya-ngku, mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kuku nyungu mara-ba niji karrba | thus old-man-ERG:pt child teach good ask-PURP, old-woman said — who what, where when, how how.many why-COMIT — person good ask-SUB-ERG:pt, old-man said, answer(word) his hand-LOC now hold

words_used:
["mukul", "karrkay", "binal-bungal", "wanya", "wanyu", "wanjabu", "wanjarr", "wanjarrinya", "wanyurrimun"]

evidence:
⭐the whole interrogative set in one line: wanya/wanyu/wanjabu/wanja-wanja/wanjarr/wanjarrinya/wanyurrimun; 'half the answer'


english: The old woman heard a song from far away and told the children to sit quietly near the fire.
frame: lexical
loans_used: []
evidence: Rule 59: nyaji-l hear; grammar ex.109 wulngku kalakalbay-mundu nyajil; balka-l addressee DAT.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
kuku:
Mukul-jalbu-ngku wulngku kalakalbay-mundu nyajin, karrkay-karrkay-nka baya ngundu-ba janka bunda-nka balkan.

analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku wulngku kalakalbay-mundu nyaji-ny, karrkay-karrkay-nka baya ngundu-ba janka bunda-nka balka-ny | old-woman-ERG:pt song far-ABESS hear-PAST, child-REDUP-DAT fire near-LOC quiet sit-PURP tell-PAST

words_used:
["mukul-jalbu", "wulngku", "kalakalbay", "nyajil", "karrkay", "baya", "ngundu", "janka", "bundal", "balkal"]


english: People shouted from down there, so the old man heard them and sent a child to look.
kuku: Bama badabada-mundu yirrkan, mukul-dingkarangka jana nyajin, karrkay yungan nyaji-nka.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["bama", "badabada", "yirrkay", "mukul-dingkar", "nyajil", "karrkay", "yungal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz ex.110 yirrka-n-yirrka-y badabada-mundu; yungal send; nyaji-nka purposive.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
bama badabada-mundu yirrka-ny, mukul-dingkar-angka jana nyaji-ny, karrkay yunga-ny nyaji-nka | person down.there-ABESS shout-PAST, old-man-ERG:pt them hear-PAST, child send-PAST see-PURP


english: The mother called the child from the house and told him the meat was cooked now.
kuku: Ngamu-ngku karrkay bayan-ba kunjan, minya wajun niji balkan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["ngamu", "karrkay", "bayan", "kunjal", "minya", "wajul", "niji", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kunja-l call/invite; waju-l cook; plain ABS object with no fake accusative.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
ngamu-ngku karrkay bayan-ba kunja-ny, minya waju-ny niji balka-ny | mother-ERG:pt child house-LOC call-PAST, meat cook-PAST now tell-PAST


english: The father asked the mother about food, and the mother said the yams were ready now.
kuku: Nganjan-angka ngamu-ndu babajin mayi-ka, ngamungku balkan, bambayal jani niji.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["nganjan", "ngamu", "babaji", "mayi", "balkal", "bambayal", "jani", "niji"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Rule 59 ask-frame: person asked LOC, topic DAT; jani 'well cooked/done'.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
nganjan-angka ngamu-ndu babaji-ny mayi-ka, ngamu-ngku balka-ny, bambayal jani niji | father-ERG:pt mother-LOC ask-PAST food-DAT, mother-ERG:pt say-PAST, yam cooked now


kuku: Mukul-dingkarangka yaba-nda babajin makarr-ka, yabangku balkan, yira daka-l niji.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-dingkar", "yaba", "babaji", "makarr", "balkal", "yira", "dakal", "niji"]
loans_used: []
evidence: babaji-l LOC/DAT ask-frame; yira tide; daka-l rise/climb.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
english:
The old man asked his elder brother about the fishing net, and the brother said the tide was still rising.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka yaba-nda babaji-ny makarr-ka, yaba-ngku balka-ny, yira daka-l niji | old-man-ERG:pt elder.brother-LOC ask-PAST net-DAT, elder.brother-ERG:pt say-PAST, tide rise-NONPAST now


english: The two old women talked together by the fire while the children stayed quiet.
kuku: Mukul-jalbu-bulal balkalawan baya ngundu-ba, karrkay-karrkay janka bundanday.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-jalbu", "bulal", "balkalaway", "baya", "ngundu", "karrkay", "janka", "bundanday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: balkalaway 'discuss, talk together'; bundanday fixed partial redup 'stay/sit'.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-jalbu-bulal balka-l-awa-ny baya ngundu-ba, karrkay-karrkay janka bunda-n-bunda-y | old-woman-pair talk-RECIP-PAST fire near-LOC, child-REDUP quiet sit-REDUP-NONPAST


english: The boy told the old man in a whisper because the baby was sleeping near the fire.
kuku: Karrkay mukul-dingkar-nka yayngkarabu balkan, ngawa warngku wunan baya ngundu-ba.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "mukul-dingkar", "yayngkar", "balkal", "ngawa", "warngku", "wunay", "baya", "ngundu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Dictionary example: Nyulu yayngkarabu balkan 'he told in a whisper'.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay mukul-dingkar-nka yayngkar-abu balka-ny, ngawa warngku wuna-ny baya ngundu-ba | child old-man-DAT whisper-INST say-PAST, baby sleep lie-PAST fire near-LOC


english: The big tree fell, a sharp crash came, and the birds flew out of the scrub.
kuku: Juku yalbay daran, kadil junkurr kadan, buyi-buyi madja-muny marra-warrin.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["juku", "yalbay", "daray", "kadil", "junkurr", "kaday", "buyi", "madja", "marra-warri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kadil 'sharp/crashing sound'; daray fall; marra-warri fly.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
juku yalbay dara-ny, kadil junkurr kada-ny, buyi-buyi madja-muny marra-warri-ny | tree big fall-PAST, crash strong come-PAST, bird-REDUP scrub-ABL fly-PAST


english: The old woman heard rustling in the grass and said it might be a snake.
kuku: Yanja jikan-ba kadan, mukul-jalbu-ngku nyajin, balkan, nguba jarba.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["yanja", "jikan", "kaday", "mukul-jalbu", "nyajil", "balkal", "nguba", "jarba"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yanja 'rustling noise'; nguba perhaps; jarba snake.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
yanja jikan-ba kada-ny, mukul-jalbu-ngku nyaji-ny, balka-ny, nguba jarba | rustling.noise grass-LOC come-PAST, old-woman-ERG:pt hear-PAST, say-PAST, perhaps snake


english: The child heard the dog's bark in the night and called to his mother.
kuku: Karrkay-ngku kaya-mu ngangkurr wujurr-ba nyajin, ngamu kunjan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "kaya", "ngangkurr", "wujurr", "nyajil", "ngamu", "kunjal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ngangkurr 'sound of barking'; nyaji-l hear; kunja-l call.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay-ngku kaya-mu ngangkurr wujurr-ba nyaji-ny, ngamu kunja-ny | child-ERG:pt dog-POSS bark night-LOC hear-PAST, mother call-PAST


english: The young men sang a song by the fire, and the old people heard them from the camp.
kuku: Warru-warru wulngku badin baya-nga, mukul-bama-ngku bayan-ba nyajin.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["warru", "wulngku", "badi", "baya", "mukul-bama", "bayan", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wulngku badi 'sing'; baya-nga LOC; nyaji-l hear.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
warru-warru wulngku badi-ny baya-nga, mukul-bama-ngku bayan-ba nyaji-ny | young.man-REDUP song sing-PAST fire-LOC, old-person-ERG:pt camp-LOC hear-PAST


english: The song expert taught the children the old song so they could sing it correctly.
kuku: Mala-burri-ngku karrkay-karrkay wulngku mukul binal-bungan, jana ngulkurr badi-nka.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mala-burri", "karrkay", "wulngku", "mukul", "binal-bungal", "jana", "ngulkurr", "badi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz mala-burri 'good singer/song expert'; binal-bungal teach; badi-nka purposive.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mala-burri-ngku karrkay-karrkay wulngku mukul binal-bunga-ny, jana ngulkurr badi-nka | expert-song-ERG:pt child-REDUP song old teach-PAST, they good sing-PURP


english: The old man gave the baby his grandfather's name, and the mother said it was good.
kuku: Mukul-dingkarangka ngawa burri dalkin kami-mu, ngamungku ngulkurr balkan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-dingkar", "ngawa", "burri", "dalkil", "kami", "ngamu", "ngulkurr", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dalki-l 'give a name/call by name'; burri name.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka ngawa burri dalki-ny kami-mu, ngamu-ngku ngulkurr balka-ny | old-man-ERG:pt baby name give.name-PAST grandfather-POSS, mother-ERG:pt good say-PAST


english: The girl forgot the name, asked her grandmother, and the grandmother told it again.
kuku: Jalbu buban burri milka-wulan, babi-nda babajin, babi-ngka burri balkan baja.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["jalbu", "buban", "burri", "milka-wulay", "babi", "babaji", "balkal", "baja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: milka-wulay 'forget'; babaji-l ask; baja again as separate clitic.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
jalbu buban burri milka-wula-ny, babi-nda babaji-ny, babi-ngka burri balka-ny baja | girl small name forget-PAST, grandmother-LOC ask-PAST, grandmother-ERG:pt name tell-PAST again


english: The child remembered the true story and told it quietly to his younger brother.
kuku: Karrkay kuku yukil binalku, yabaju-nku janka balkan baya ngundu-ba.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "kuku", "yukil", "binalku", "yabaju", "janka", "balkal", "baya", "ngundu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: binalku remember; kuku story/word; yukil true; balka addressee DAT.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay kuku yukil binalku, yabaju-nku janka balka-ny baya ngundu-ba | child story true remember, younger.brother-DAT quiet tell-PAST fire near-LOC


english: The old woman overheard their words behind the house but did not speak.
kuku: Mukul-jalbu-ngku jananga kuku yanday-nyajin bayan kudamundu-muny, yamba kari balkan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-jalbu", "jananga", "kuku", "yanday-nyajil", "bayan", "kudamundu", "kari", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Dictionary usage: yanday-nyajil 'overhear'; kuku words/news.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku jananga kuku yanday-nyaji-ny bayan kudamundu-muny, yamba kari balka-ny | old-woman-ERG:pt their word overhear-PAST house behind-ABL, but NEG speak-PAST


english: The old man told the child that a lie is heavy, but the truth is good to carry.
kuku: Mukul-dingkar karrkay-nka balkan, jurril kulngkul, yamba manubaja ngulkurr wundi-nka.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-dingkar", "karrkay", "balkal", "jurril", "kulngkul", "manubaja", "ngulkurr", "wundil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jurril 'lie/untruth'; manubaja truth; wundi-l carry.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-dingkar karrkay-nka balka-ny, jurril kulngkul, yamba manubaja ngulkurr wundi-nka | old-man child-DAT tell-PAST, lie heavy, but truth good carry-PURP


english: The chatterbox talks all day but does not hear the old people.
kuku: Kuku-baka wungar wubulku balkal, yamba mukul-bama kari nyajil.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["kuku-baka", "wungar", "wubul", "balkal", "yamba", "mukul-bama", "kari", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kuku-baka chatterbox; kari before predicator for negation.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
kuku-baka wungar wubul-ku balka-l, yamba mukul-bama kari nyaji-l | chatterbox day all talk-NONPAST, but old-person NEG hear-NONPAST


kuku: Karrkay-karrkay nyurra-baka baya-nga, mukul-jalbu-ngku jana murru-kangan, janka bunda-nka balkan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "nyurra-baka", "baya", "mukul-jalbu", "murru-kangal", "janka", "bundal", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nyurra-baka 'too much people noise'; murru-kanga-l scold; balka complement.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
english:
The children made too much noise by the fire, and the old woman scolded them and told them to sit quietly.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay nyurra-baka baya-nga, mukul-jalbu-ngku jana murru-kanga-ny, janka bunda-nka balka-ny | child-REDUP too.noisy fire-LOC, old-woman-ERG:pt them scold-PAST, quiet sit-PURP tell-PAST


english: The old man said quiet words are good, but shouting words make trouble.
kuku: Mukul-dingkar balkan, kuku janka ngulkurr, yamba kuku yirrka-yirrka buyun.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-dingkar", "balkal", "kuku", "janka", "ngulkurr", "yirrkay", "buyun"]
loans_used: []
evidence: janka quiet; yirrka-l shout; kuku word/language/news.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny, kuku janka ngulkurr, yamba kuku yirrka-yirrka buyun | old-man say-PAST, word quiet good, but word shout-REDUP bad


english: They called you to the song gathering, but you did not want to go.
kuku: Jana yununy kunjan wulngku-ku, yamba yundu wawu-kari dunga-nka.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["jana", "yununy", "kunjal", "wulngku", "wawu-kari", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kunja-l call/invite; wawu-kari 'not wanting'; wulngku-ku topic/goal.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
jana yununy kunja-ny wulngku-ku, yamba yundu wawu-kari dunga-nka | they you.ACC call-PAST song-DAT, but you want-PRIV go-PURP


english: The mother called you, but you did not hear her because a loud rustling came in the grass.
kuku: Ngamu-ngku yununy kunjan, yundu kari nyajin, jikan-ba yanja yalbay kadan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["ngamu", "yununy", "kunjal", "kari", "nyajil", "jikan", "yanja", "yalbay", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kunja-l call; nyaji-l hear; yanja is kept to its attested rustling-noise domain.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
ngamu-ngku yununy kunja-ny, yundu kari nyaji-ny, jikan-ba yanja yalbay kada-ny | mother-ERG:pt you.ACC call-PAST, you NEG hear-PAST, grass-LOC rustling.noise big come-PAST


kuku: Mukul-dingkarangka kuku yungan bayan yindu-nka warru bila-anda, wujurr kada-nyjiku kada-nka balkan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-dingkar", "kuku", "yungal", "bayan", "yindu", "warru", "bila", "wujurr", "kaday", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz ex.274 kuku yunga-ny with carrier in LOC; successive -nyjiku before.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
english:
The old man sent a message to the other camp with the fast young man and told him to come back before dark.

analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka kuku yunga-ny bayan yindu-nka warru bila-anda, wujurr kada-nyjiku kada-nka balka-ny | old-man-ERG:pt word send-PAST camp other-DAT young.man fast-LOC:pt, night come-before come-PURP tell-PAST


english: News came from the other side, and the old people sat at the camp talking together.
kuku: Kuku ngubar-muny kadan, mukul-bama bayan-ba balkalawan bundanday.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["kuku", "ngubar", "kaday", "mukul-bama", "bayan", "balkalaway", "bundanday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kuku news; ngubar-muny from other side; balkalaway talk together.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
kuku ngubar-muny kada-ny, mukul-bama bayan-ba balka-l-awa-ny bunda-n-bunda-y | news other.side-ABL come-PAST, old-person camp-LOC talk-RECIP-PAST stay-REDUP-NONPAST


english: The children asked where the song had come from, and the old woman said it came from far away.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay babajin, wulngku wanjamuny kadan, mukul-jalbu-ngku balkan, kalakalbay-mundu.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "babaji", "wulngku", "wanjamuny", "kaday", "mukul-jalbu", "balkal", "kalakalbay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Rule 80 wanjamuny where-from; Rule 59 wulngku hear/song frame.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay babaji-ny, wulngku wanjamuny kada-ny, mukul-jalbu-ngku balka-ny, kalakalbay-mundu | child-REDUP ask-PAST, song where.from come-PAST, old-woman-ERG:pt say-PAST, far-ABESS


english: The old people named every creek and mountain, and the children repeated the names by the fire.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-bama", "bana-jandu", "manjal", "wubul", "burri", "balkal", "karrkay", "baya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: burri name; balka-l say/tell; reduplicated balka-l for repeated saying.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
kuku:
Mukul-bama-ngku bana-jandu manjal wubulku burri balkan, karrkay-karrkay burri balka-balkan baya-nga.

analysis:
mukul-bama-ngku bana-jandu manjal wubul-ku burri balka-ny, karrkay-karrkay burri balka-l-balka-ny baya-nga | old-person-ERG:pt creek mountain all name tell-PAST, child-REDUP name say-REDUP-PAST fire-LOC


english: The child with a good memory heard the old words and did not forget them.
kuku: Karrkay milka-dandi-ngku kuku mukul nyajin, kari milka-wulan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "milka-dandi", "kuku", "mukul", "nyajil", "kari", "milka-wulay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz milka-dandi 'good memory'; milka-wulay forget.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay milka-dandi-ngku kuku mukul nyaji-ny, kari milka-wula-ny | child ear-hard-ERG:pt word old hear-PAST, NEG forget-PAST


english: The deaf old man watched the speaker's mouth and understood the words.
kuku: Mukul-dingkar milka-dudu-ngku bama-mu ngandal nyajin, kuku binalman.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-dingkar", "milka-dudu", "bama", "ngandal", "nyajil", "kuku", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: milka-dudu 'deaf'; nyaji-l covers perceive/see; binal-ma-ny learn/understand.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-dingkar milka-dudu-ngku bama-mu ngandal nyaji-ny, kuku binal-ma-ny | old-man deaf-ERG:pt person-POSS mouth see-PAST, word know-INCHO-PAST


english: The old woman warned the child not to go near the deep water.
kuku: Mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay milka-bakan, baluda dunga-y bana dajali-ka.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-jalbu", "karrkay", "milka-bakal", "baluda", "dungay", "bana", "dajali"]
loans_used: []
evidence: milka-baka-l 'remind, tempt, warn'; baluda prohibitive.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay milka-baka-ny, baluda dunga-y bana dajali-ka | old-woman-ERG:pt child warn/remind-PAST, don't go-IMP water deep-DAT


english: The child forgot the warning and went to the deep water, so the mother called him back.
kuku: Karrkay milka-wulan, bana dajali-ka dungan, ngamungku nyunguny kunjan baja.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "milka-wulay", "bana", "dajali", "dungay", "ngamu", "nyunguny", "kunjal", "baja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: milka-wulay forget; kunja-l call; baja again as separate clitic.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay milka-wula-ny, bana dajali-ka dunga-ny, ngamu-ngku nyunguny kunja-ny baja | child forget-PAST, water deep-DAT go-PAST, mother-ERG:pt him.ACC call-PAST again


english: The young man cut the tree with an axe, and the sharp sound made the birds fly.
kuku: Warru-ngku juku yakan warrbi-bu, kadil junkurr kadan, buyi-buyi marra-warrin.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["warru", "juku", "yakal", "warrbi", "kadil", "junkurr", "kaday", "buyi", "marra-warri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kadil defined as sharp/crashing sound of axe cutting wood or tree falling.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
warru-ngku juku yaka-ny warrbi-bu, kadil junkurr kada-ny, buyi-buyi marra-warri-ny | young.man-ERG:pt tree cut-PAST axe-INST, crash strong come-PAST, bird-REDUP fly-PAST


english: The young man whistled, and the dog came and stayed close beside him.
kuku: Warru-ngku kuwimbur yirrkan, kaya kadan, nyulu warru ngundu-ba bundanday.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["warru", "kuwimbur", "yirrkay", "kaya", "kaday", "ngundu", "bundanday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Dictionary: kuwimbur yirrkay 'whistle'; dog as potent but S absolutive.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
warru-ngku kuwimbur yirrka-ny, kaya kada-ny, nyulu warru ngundu-ba bunda-n-bunda-y | young.man-ERG:pt whistle shout-PAST, dog come-PAST, it young.man near-LOC stay-REDUP-NONPAST


english: The child whistled from the tree, and the mother heard him from the house and told him to come.
kuku: Karrkay juku-ngu kuwimbur yirrkan, ngamungku bayan-ba nyajin, karrkay-nka kada-nka balkan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "juku", "kuwimbur", "yirrkay", "ngamu", "bayan", "nyajil", "kaday", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kuwimbur yirrkay; juku-ngu LOC; safer balka-l + purposive complement 'tell to come'.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay juku-ngu kuwimbur yirrka-ny, ngamu-ngku bayan-ba nyaji-ny, karrkay-nka kada-nka balka-ny | child tree-LOC whistle shout-PAST, mother-ERG:pt house-LOC hear-PAST, child-DAT come-PURP tell-PAST


frame: lexical
loans_used: []
evidence: nyurra-baka too much noise; balka addressee DAT; warngku wunay sleep.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
english:
People made too much noise at night, and the old man told them to be quiet because the children were sleeping.

kuku:
Bama nyurra-baka wujurr-ba, mukul-dingkarangka jana-nka balkan, janka, karrkay-karrkay warngku wunay.

analysis:
bama nyurra-baka wujurr-ba, mukul-dingkar-angka jana-nka balka-ny, janka, karrkay-karrkay warngku wuna-y | person too.noisy night-LOC, old-man-ERG:pt them-DAT tell-PAST, quiet, child-REDUP sleep lie-NONPAST

words_used:
["bama", "nyurra-baka", "wujurr", "mukul-dingkar", "jana", "balkal", "janka", "karrkay", "warngku", "wunay"]


english: The child asked the song expert about the old song, and the expert sang the first line.
kuku: Karrkay-ngku mala-burri-nda babajin wulngku mukul-ku, mala-burri-ngku wulngku badin ngadiku.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "mala-burri", "babaji", "wulngku", "mukul", "badi", "ngadiku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz ex.77 mala-X-LOC ask about X-DAT; mala-burri song expert.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay-ngku mala-burri-nda babaji-ny wulngku mukul-ku, mala-burri-ngku wulngku badi-ny ngadiku | child-ERG:pt song.expert-LOC ask-PAST song old-DAT, song.expert-ERG:pt song sing-PAST first


english: The old woman said every language has its own words, but a good listener hears carefully.
kuku: Mukul-jalbu balkan, kuku yindu-mu kuku yindu, yamba bama milka-dandi-ngku ngulkurr nyajil.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-jalbu", "balkal", "kuku", "yindu", "bama", "milka-dandi", "ngulkurr", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kuku covers language/word; milka-dandi good memory/ear-hard; nyaji-l perceive.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-jalbu balka-ny, kuku yindu-mu kuku yindu, yamba bama milka-dandi-ngku ngulkurr nyaji-l | old-woman say-PAST, language other-POSS word other, but person ear-hard-ERG:pt good hear-NONPAST


english: The children learn the language by hearing the old people's words every day.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay kuku binalman, wungar nyubun-nyubun mukul-bama-mu kuku nyajin.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "kuku", "binal", "wungar", "nyubun", "mukul-bama", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: binal-ma-ny learn; repeated hearing as language-learning frame.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay kuku binal-ma-ny, wungar nyubun-nyubun mukul-bama-mu kuku nyaji-ny | child-REDUP language learn-PAST, day every old-person-POSS word hear-PAST


english: The old man told them not to laugh at a person who speaks a different language.
kuku: Mukul-dingkarangka jana-nka balkan, kari bama kuku yindu-mu yajarril.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-dingkar", "jana", "balkal", "kari", "bama", "kuku", "yindu", "yajarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yajarri-l laugh; kari negation before predicate; respect-language sentence.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka jana-nka balka-ny, kari bama kuku yindu-mu yajarri-l | old-man-ERG:pt them-DAT tell-PAST, NEG person language other-POSS laugh.at-NONPAST


english: The boss talked with the young men about the net and the spear.
kuku: Maja warru-warru-nji balkalawan, makarr-ka kalka-ka balkan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["maja", "warru", "balkalaway", "makarr", "kalka", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz ex.91 boss talking with young men; topics as DAT.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
maja warru-warru-nji balka-l-awa-ny, makarr-ka kalka-ka balka-ny | boss young.man-REDUP-COMIT talk.together-PAST, net-DAT spear-DAT speak-PAST


kuku: Bama badabada-mundu yirrkan, bilngkumu bana-nga wunan, karrkay-karrkay bayan-ka wanarrin.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["bama", "badabada", "yirrkay", "bilngkumu", "bana", "wunay", "karrkay", "bayan", "wanarri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yirrka-l shout; bilngkumu crocodile; bana-nga LOC; wanarri run.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
english:
People shouted from down there because the crocodile was lying in the water, and the children ran back to the camp.

analysis:
bama badabada-mundu yirrka-ny, bilngkumu bana-nga wuna-ny, karrkay-karrkay bayan-ka wanarri-ny | person down.there-ABESS shout-PAST, crocodile water-LOC lie-PAST, child-REDUP camp-DAT run-PAST


english: The old woman heard the baby cry and came quickly to pick him up.
kuku: Mukul-jalbu-ngku ngawa badi-nya nyajin, bila kadan, ngawa manin.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-jalbu", "ngawa", "badi", "nyajil", "bila", "kaday", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: badi cry; -nya subordinate event; nyaji-l hear; mani-l get.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku ngawa badi-nya nyaji-ny, bila kada-ny, ngawa mani-ny | old-woman-ERG:pt baby cry-SUB hear-PAST, fast come-PAST, baby get-PAST


english: The children sang the old song softly, and the old people listened well.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay wulngku mukul janka badin, mukul-bama-ngku ngulkurr nyajin.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "wulngku", "mukul", "janka", "badi", "mukul-bama", "ngulkurr", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wulngku badi sing; janka quiet; nyaji-l hear.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay wulngku mukul janka badi-ny, mukul-bama-ngku ngulkurr nyaji-ny | child-REDUP song old quietly sing-PAST, old-person-ERG:pt good hear-PAST


english: The old man said every place has a name and told the children not to forget the names.
kuku: Mukul-dingkar balkan, bubu wubulku burri-jirr, karrkay-karrkay-nka balkan, baluda burri milka-wula.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-dingkar", "balkal", "bubu", "wubul", "burri", "karrkay", "baluda", "milka-wulay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: burri name; bubu place/country; baluda + verb for prohibition.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-dingkar balka-ny, bubu wubul-ku burri-jirr, karrkay-karrkay-nka balka-ny, baluda burri milka-wula | old-man say-PAST, country/place all name-COMIT, child-REDUP-DAT tell-PAST, don't name forget


english: The girl asked how many songs the grandmother knew, and the grandmother said many.
kuku: Jalbu babi-nda babajin, wulngku wanjarrinya yundu binal, babi-ngka balkan, wubul.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["jalbu", "babi", "babaji", "wulngku", "wanjarrinya", "binal", "balkal", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Rule 80 wanjarrinya how many; babaji-l person LOC; wulngku song.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
jalbu babi-nda babaji-ny, wulngku wanjarrinya yundu binal, babi-ngka balka-ny, wubul | girl grandmother-LOC ask-PAST, song how.many you know, grandmother-ERG:pt say-PAST, many


english: The old woman asked the boy why he had shouted beside the sleeping baby.
kuku: Mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-anda babajin, wanyurrimun yundu yirrkan ngawa warngku wuna-nya ngundu-ba?
frame: lexical
loans_used: []
evidence: Rule 80 why = wanyurrimun; babaji-l person LOC; yirrka-l shout.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-jalbu-ngku karrkay-anda babaji-ny, wanyurrimun yundu yirrka-ny ngawa warngku wuna-nya ngundu-ba | old-woman-ERG:pt child-LOC ask-PAST, why you shout-PAST baby sleep lie-SUB near-LOC

words_used:
["mukul-jalbu", "karrkay", "babaji", "wanyurrimun", "yirrkay", "ngawa", "warngku", "wunay", "ngundu"]


english: The child lied first but later told the whole truth to the old man.
kuku: Karrkay warmbijin ngadiku, yamba manubaja narmba mukul-dingkar-nka balkan baja.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["karrkay", "warmbiji", "ngadiku", "manubaja", "narmba", "mukul-dingkar", "balkal", "baja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: warmbiji 'lie/prevaricate'; manubaja truth; balka addressee DAT.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
karrkay warmbiji-ny ngadiku, yamba manubaja narmba mukul-dingkar-nka balka-ny baja | child lie-PAST first, but truth whole old-man-DAT tell-PAST again/later


english: Do not trick your younger brother with bad words, the old woman said.
kuku: Baluda yabaju jurril-bunga kuku buyun-bu, mukul-jalbu balkan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["baluda", "yabaju", "jurril-bungal", "kuku", "buyun", "mukul-jalbu", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jurril-bunga-l 'trick by lying'; baluda prohibition; bad words as instrument.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
baluda yabaju jurril-bunga kuku buyun-bu, mukul-jalbu balka-ny | don't younger.brother trick/lie.to word bad-INST, old-woman say-PAST


english: The old man believed the boy because the boy spoke quietly and truthfully.
kuku: Mukul-dingkarangka karrkay manubaja-bungan, karrkay janka manubaja balkan.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-dingkar", "karrkay", "manubaja-bungal", "janka", "manubaja", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: manubaja-bungal believe; manubaja truth; janka quiet.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-dingkar-angka karrkay manubaja-bunga-ny, karrkay janka manubaja balka-ny | old-man-ERG:pt child believe-PAST, child quiet truth speak-PAST


english: The old people said that true words must be held, heard, and given to the children.
kuku: Mukul-bama balkan, kuku yukil karrba-nka, nyaji-nka, karrkay-karrkay-nka daji-nka.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["mukul-bama", "balkal", "kuku", "yukil", "karrbal", "nyajil", "karrkay", "dajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Didactic lexical summary: true words are held/heard/given; all verbs attested.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
mukul-bama balka-ny, kuku yukil karrba-nka, nyaji-nka, karrkay-karrkay-nka daji-nka | old-person say-PAST, word true hold-PURP, hear-PURP, child-REDUP-DAT give-PURP


english: People hold true words, hear the old people, and tell the children; that is the way of the country.
kuku: Bama-ngku kuku yukil karrbal, mukul-bama nyajil, karrkay-karrkay-nka balkal; yinya yalaku bubu-mu.
frame: lexical
words_used: ["kuku", "yukil", "karrbal", "mukul-bama", "nyajil", "karrkay", "balkal", "yalaku", "bubu"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:45:41Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:47:22Z
analysis:
bama-ngku kuku yukil karrba-l, mukul-bama nyaji-l, karrkay-karrkay-nka balka-l; yinya yalaku bubu-mu | person-ERG word true hold-NONPAST, old-person hear-NONPAST, child-REDUP-DAT tell-NONPAST; that way country-POSS

evidence:
Batch capstone avoids unsafe imperatives: karrba-l hold, nyaji-l hear, balka-l tell; yalaku way/custom.


english: The old man had a good feed of meat, and then he slept in the shade.
kuku: Mukul-dingkar minya-nga nuka-jin, wabarr-ba wunan.
frame: antipassive_total_effect
words_used: ["mukul-dingkar", "minya", "nukal", "wabarr", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz §4.2.4.4 ex.365b/385: A as S, object in LOC, simple nuka-ji-ny = full/good feed.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.86
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
mukul-dingkar minya-nga nuka-ji-ny, wabarr-ba wuna-ny | old-man meat-LOC eat-APASS-PAST, shade-LOC lie-PAST


english: Grandmother shared out the yams, and the children ate.
kuku: Babi wukay-mba wambi-jin, karrkay-karrkay nukan.
frame: antipassive_total_effect
words_used: ["babi", "wukay", "wambil", "karrkay", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Antipassive object in LOC; wukay y-final LOC = -mba (Rule 21d).
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
babi wukay-mba wambi-ji-ny, karrkay-karrkay nuka-ny | grandmother yam-LOC share.out-APASS-PAST, child-REDUP eat-PAST


english: The dog was foraging through the food near the fire.
kuku: Kaya mayi-burr ngunja-n-ngunja-ji baya ngundu-ba.
frame: antipassive_generalized_perlative
words_used: ["kaya", "mayi", "ngunjal", "baya", "ngundu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz ex.372: mayi-burr ngunja-n-ngunja-ji-y; PERL expresses 'through' in Nyungkul.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
kaya mayi-burr ngunja-n-ngunja-ji-y baya ngundu-ba | dog food-PERL forage-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST fire near-LOC


english: The children keep eating at the food all day.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay mayi-nga nuka-n-nuka-ji wungar wubulku.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["karrkay", "mayi", "nukal", "wungar", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz l.971 and text line 39/48: reduplicated nuka-ji for ongoing/generalized eating.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay mayi-nga nuka-n-nuka-ji-y wungar wubul-ku | child-REDUP food-LOC eat-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST day all-EMPH


english: The men keep spearing around for fish at the river.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkar kuyu-ngu dama-n-dama-ji wawubaja-nga.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["dingkar", "kuyu", "damal", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Generalized antipassive modelled on Patz ex.366-368; kuyu u-final LOC = -ngu.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar kuyu-ngu dama-n-dama-ji-y wawubaja-nga | man-REDUP fish-LOC spear-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST river-LOC


english: The old woman is looking around for yams on the sandy ground.
kuku: Mukul-jalbu wukay-mba nubi-nubi-ji bubu jukar-a.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["mukul-jalbu", "wukay", "nubil", "bubu", "jukar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz ex.368: Jalbu wukay-mba nubi-nubi-ji-y 'looking around for yam'.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.87
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
mukul-jalbu wukay-mba nubi-nubi-ji-y bubu jukar-a | old-woman yam-LOC search.for-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST ground sandy-LOC


english: The woman peeped around in the house but did not enter.
kuku: Jalbu bayan-ba nuri-nuri-ji, kari walan.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["jalbu", "bayan", "nuril", "kari", "walal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz ex.369: nuri-nuri-ji-y in houses; ordinary negation for second clause.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
jalbu bayan-ba nuri-nuri-ji-y, kari wala-ny | woman house-LOC peep-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST, NEG enter-PAST


english: The young men keep hitting at the log with sticks.
kuku: Warru-warru juku-ngu kuni-n-kuni-ji jaba-bu.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["warru", "juku", "kunil", "jaba"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Generalized antipassive; inanimate instrument remains instrumental, object is LOC.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
warru-warru juku-ngu kuni-n-kuni-ji-y jaba-bu | young.man-REDUP log-LOC hit-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST stick-INST


english: The two boys keep eating at the yams near the fire.
kuku: Karrkay-bulal wukay-mba nuka-n-nuka-ji baya ngundu-ba.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["karrkay", "bulal", "wukay", "nukal", "baya", "ngundu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Reduplicated antipassive for ongoing eating; object demoted to LOC.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
karrkay-bulal wukay-mba nuka-n-nuka-ji-y baya ngundu-ba | child-pair yam-LOC eat-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST fire near-LOC


english: Mother shared out the fish to the children.
kuku: Ngamu kuyu-ngu wambi-jin karrkay-karrkay-nka.
frame: antipassive_total_effect
words_used: ["ngamu", "kuyu", "wambil", "karrkay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Object demoted to LOC; recipient remains DAT.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
ngamu kuyu-ngu wambi-ji-ny karrkay-karrkay-nka | mother fish-LOC share.out-APASS-PAST child-REDUP-DAT


english: The young man had a feed of food and then kept eating more.
kuku: Warru mayi-nga nuka-jin, baja nuka-n-nuka-ji.
frame: antipassive_total_plus_generalized
words_used: ["warru", "mayi", "nukal", "baja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Contrasts simple total-effect nuka-ji-ny with reduplicated ongoing nuka-n-nuka-ji-y.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
warru mayi-nga nuka-ji-ny, baja nuka-n-nuka-ji-y | young.man food-LOC eat-APASS-PAST, again eat-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST


english: The children searched around for the dog in the grass.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay kaya-nda nubi-nubi-ji jikan-ba.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["karrkay", "kaya", "nubil", "jikan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Animate searched-for NP in potent LOC; generalized searching modelled on ex.368.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay kaya-nda nubi-nubi-ji-y jikan-ba | child-REDUP dog-LOC:pt search.for-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST grass-LOC


english: The old woman peeped around in the house and did not go inside.
kuku: Mukul-jalbu bayan-ba nuri-nuri-ji, kari walan.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["mukul-jalbu", "bayan", "nuril", "kari", "walal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz ex.369 nuri-nuri-ji-y in houses.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
mukul-jalbu bayan-ba nuri-nuri-ji-y, kari wala-ny | old-woman house-LOC peep-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST, NEG enter-PAST


english: Grandmother searched around in the bag for yams.
kuku: Babi wukay-mba nubi-nubi-ji balji-nga.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["babi", "wukay", "nubil", "balji"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Object demoted to LOC; separate location also LOC.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
babi wukay-mba nubi-nubi-ji-y balji-nga | grandmother yam-LOC search.for-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST bag-LOC


english: The men kept spearing around for fish but caught nothing.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkar kuyu-ngu dama-n-dama-ji, yamba kari mani.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["dingkar", "kuyu", "damal", "yamba", "kari", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Generalized action on non-individuated fish; negative result overt.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.84
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar kuyu-ngu dama-n-dama-ji-y, yamba kari mani | man-REDUP fish-LOC spear-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST, but NEG get


english: The boy kept spearing around for fish from the edge of the water.
kuku: Karrkay kuyu-ngu dama-n-dama-ji kalka-bu bana karangkal.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["karrkay", "kuyu", "damal", "kalka", "bana", "karangkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Object demoted to LOC; instrument retained as INST.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
karrkay kuyu-ngu dama-n-dama-ji-y kalka-bu bana karangkal | child fish-LOC spear-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST spear-INST water alongside


english: The man kept spearing around for wallabies all day.
kuku: Dingkar kadar-a dama-n-dama-ji wungar wubulku.
frame: antipassive_generalized
words_used: ["dingkar", "kadar", "damal", "wungar", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Generalized/non-individuated hunting; kadar single-r LOC = -a.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.83
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
dingkar kadar-a dama-n-dama-ji-y wungar wubul-ku | man wallaby-LOC spear-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST day all-EMPH


english: The two old women keep laughing about the young men in a friendly way.
kuku: Mukul-jalbu-bulal warru-warru-nka yajarri-n-yajarri-ji.
frame: antipassive_communication_like
words_used: ["mukul-jalbu", "bulal", "warru", "yajarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Communication-like intransitivized laugh-about pattern; goal/target as DAT.
status: accepted
confidence: 0.82
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude-main
created_at: 2026-07-07T00:57:47Z
updated_at: 2026-07-07T00:59:14Z
analysis:
mukul-jalbu-bulal warru-warru-nka yajarri-n-yajarri-ji-y | old-woman-pair young.man-REDUP-DAT laugh-REDUP-APASS-NONPAST


