# batches

label: batch-362
cheatsheet_version: Rule 320 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T04:41:32Z
notes:
ZERO-USE FLORA NON-SINGULAR NONPAST PERCEPTION SWEEP AFTER RULE 319 (Rule 320). 50 rows. TARGETS: bikarrakal fruit, dikirr waterlily, dukul-dukul bush, kakarr grass, kalkurr yam, marrku fruit, milmarr cane, warrabuka yam, wubali yam, and wulku fig. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngali, ngaliny, yubal, yurra, ngana, Yalanji yaluy/yinyay, and dictionary-attested nonpast nyajil. Bikarrakal is fruit, kakarr grass, and dukul-dukul an indivisible dictionary head. No grub/bait, blanket/year, edibility/food/preparation, habitat, plant use, properties, taxonomy, prior-row proposition, case, new word formation, past/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or carried trap was opened.


label: batch-363
cheatsheet_version: Rule 321 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T05:05:03Z
notes:
ZERO/LOW-USE BIRD SINGULAR/THIRD-PERSON PAST PERCEPTION SWEEP AFTER RULE 320 (Rule 321). 50 rows. TARGETS: zero-use binjurr-binjurr honeyeater, bujarr-bujarr bird, dakwul-dakwul scrub bird, dibirr-dibirr rainbow bird, julurr-julurr moomoo bird, muya bird; low-use juril-juril seashore plover, dawa-dawa magpie, bulnja frogmouth, jinabiju goshawk. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngayu, yundu, nyulu, bula, jana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. Exact dictionary head orthography is preserved. No solid-variant equation, productive reduplication, species overresolution, color/anatomy, song/call/display, omen/totem/story/place, habitat/ecology, food/hunting, target case, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or carried trap was opened.


label: batch-364
cheatsheet_version: Rule 322 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T05:26:30Z
notes:
ZERO-USE ANATOMY/BODY-SURFACE NON-SINGULAR NONPAST PERCEPTION SWEEP AFTER RULE 321 (Rule 322). 50 rows. TARGETS: dalkari bladder, diburr-miyil eyeball, jadalangka animal leg, mijan wart, mungka-dirka fur, murrka scar, nyirribulu appendix, waral stomach, wubun hump, yinkan ribs. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngali, ngaliny, yubal, yurra, ngana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested nonpast nyajil. Bare targets assert no possessor. No compound decomposition, possession, person/animal attribution beyond lexical labels, pain/illness/medicine/surgery, injury/ritual/initiation, butchery/food/hunting, material use, property, target case, past/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or carried trap was opened.


label: batch-365
cheatsheet_version: Rule 323 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T05:45:38Z
notes:
ZERO-USE HUMAN-REFERENCE SINGULAR/THIRD-PERSON PAST PERCEPTION SWEEP AFTER RULE 322 (Rule 323). 50 rows. TARGETS: baliji people, kalbali tall man, kanjal companion, kaykay-kaykay children, kira baby girl, maral-maral young girls, marri-marri old people, walmbaji peacemaker, walmbi-walmbiji left-handed person, yarrkay-yarrka group of children. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngayu, yundu, nyulu, bula, jana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. Exact human labels and attested plural/collective heads only. No open-country/location claim, adjective/degree expansion, social activity, parentage/possession, fight/restraint, body-part/hand action, class/gang sense, productive reduplication, target case, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or carried trap was opened.


label: batch-366
cheatsheet_version: Rule 324 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T06:15:36Z
notes:
LOW-COVERAGE FLORA NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 323 (Rule 324). 50 rows. TARGETS: bajarr fern leaves, bikarrakul ti tree, binainyji fig-like fruit, jakalkulu tree stump, jumul-jumul grass seeds, jika-birra tobacco leaf, kalbawurr cypress-pine pitch, makaji onion plant, mawu grass, wakumba tree canopy. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngali, ngaliny, yubal, yurra, ngana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. Exact conservative flora labels only. No alternate sense, source-prose use/event, edibility/food, poison, shelter, clothing, material manufacture, productive compound/reduplication, target case, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or carried trap was opened.


label: batch-367
cheatsheet_version: Rule 325 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T06:34:08Z
notes:
LOW-COVERAGE FAUNA SINGULAR/THIRD-PERSON NONPAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 324 (Rule 325). 50 rows. TARGETS: dirrmbay seagull, diri-diri sandfly, jawurraji ant bed, juku-juku bronzewing dove, jalan sea urchin, kaya-kaya dogs, kubu-kubu tadpole, murral tree kangaroo, ngamu-murramu dingo, wurarr-wurarr dragonfly. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngayu, yundu, nyulu, bula, jana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested nonpast nyajil. Exact conservative fauna labels only. No dialect substitution, tree/wood homonym, solid/hyphenated equivalence, omen/death, food/injury, habitat, hunting, ownership, transformation, source-story event, productive compound/reduplication, target case, past/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or carried trap was opened.


label: batch-368
cheatsheet_version: Rule 326 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T06:50:35Z
notes:
LOW-COVERAGE VISIBLE ENVIRONMENT NON-SINGULAR NONPAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 325 (Rule 326). 50 rows. TARGETS: dalngarri flames, jukar-warra whirlwind, kambar white clay, kurrkal shortcut, marrka calm sea, miral water scum, mulawajarr star, nganyil haze, nyamun natural debris, wurrbal fog. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngali, ngaliny, yubal, yurra, ngana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested nonpast nyajil. Exact conservative environmental labels only. No urine/death, compound decomposition, wet-season, travel/route use, salt-pan/oyster, whale oil, dialect substitution, near-form drift, household waste, river/rising, weather event, property, source relation, target case, past/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or carried trap was opened.


label: batch-369
cheatsheet_version: Rule 327 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T07:11:27Z
notes:
LOW-COVERAGE CRAFT MATERIALS/OBJECTS SINGULAR/THIRD-PERSON PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 326 (Rule 327). 50 rows. TARGETS: duburan directional sign, jila beeswax, makarra streaky yellow ochre, makirr yellow ochre, ngurran rope, nyumbirr beeswax, warkal bailer shell, wuba red ochre, wuju grass sponge, yikari hardened beeswax. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngayu, yundu, nyulu, bula, jana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. Exact conservative object labels only. No alternate polysemy, wax/ochre equivalence, source, manufacture, use, material decomposition, target case, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or event proposition was opened.


label: batch-370
cheatsheet_version: Rule 328 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T07:33:08Z
notes:
LOW-COVERAGE FOOD NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 327 (Rule 328). 50 rows. TARGETS: balja food, birukay egg yolk, biyangkal yam, jadamu bananas, jamal egg white, jandu starch, jungu-jungu white ant eggs, kajimarra food, milkul soup, wawukuna long wild yam. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngali, ngaliny, yubal, yurra, nganjin; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. Exact conservative food labels only. No explicit loans, preparation, cooking, eating, toxicity, source, material decomposition, productive reduplication, equivalence, property, possession, target case, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or event proposition was opened.


label: batch-371
cheatsheet_version: Rule 329 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T07:54:11Z
notes:
LOW-COVERAGE SHELLFISH/CRUSTACEAN SINGULAR/THIRD-PERSON NONPAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 328 (Rule 329). 50 rows. TARGETS: wurru-bulan small crab, dakaldakal trochus shell, kajarrbi clam shell, kunkun periwinkle, kurrija octopus, ngajay small crayfish, nikar oyster, wuli-wuli soldier crab, jalan sea urchin, wurrul shellfish. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngayu, yundu, nyulu, bula, jana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested nonpast nyajil. Exact conservative marine-fauna labels only. No loans, free-base/productive reduplication, shell/animal collapse, habitat, edibility, gathering, catching, cooking, eating, source, possession, target case, past/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or event proposition was opened.


label: batch-372
cheatsheet_version: Rule 330 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T08:15:47Z
notes:
LOW-COVERAGE FISH NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 329 (Rule 330). 50 rows. TARGETS: bububay blacktip shark, baban angelfish, kundurr-kundurr crescent perch, kurruba freshwater fish, murrabal barramundi, dukul-barangkal flathead fish, jalil-jalil mudskipper, kurrubal freshwater cod, murraja stonefish, kubu-kubu tadpole. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngali, ngaliny, yubal, yurra, ngana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. Agreeing duplicate and placeholder/complete records reconciled; final-m, rhotic-palatal, unhyphenated-reduplication, dialect-only, and conflicting candidates excluded. No decomposition, productive morphology, dialect substitution, habitat, catching, food, danger, source, possession, target case, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or event proposition was opened.


label: batch-373
cheatsheet_version: Rule 331 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T08:37:34Z
notes:
LOW-COVERAGE INSECTS COMPLEMENTARY SINGULAR/THIRD-PERSON PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 330 (Rule 331). 50 rows. TARGETS: jimu grasshopper, kira-kira black ant, kuran case-moth larva, kurrmaja larvae, murma wasp, durra caterpillar, jiljay grub, kandal maggot, kinga caterpillar, birinjil centipede. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngayu, yundu, nyulu, bula, jana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. Initial Rule-317-orientation surfaces collided with Batch 359 for five heads, so all deictic bands were inverted and collision-probed as a complementary paradigm. No alternate sense, free base, productive reduplication, derivation, habitat, food/use, life cycle, danger, body, source, possession, target case, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or event proposition was opened.


label: batch-374
cheatsheet_version: Rule 332 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T09:01:15Z
notes:
INSECT NON-SINGULAR PAST-PERCEPTION CONSOLIDATION AFTER RULE 331 (Rule 332). 50 rows. TARGETS: jimu grasshopper, kira-kira black ant, kuran case-moth larva, kurrmaja larvae, murma wasp, durra caterpillar, jiljay grub, kandal maggot, kinga caterpillar, birinjil centipede. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngali, ngaliny, yubal, yurra, ngana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. No target previously occurred with a selected non-singular pronoun. Both deictic orientations were collision-free; three-here/two-there was selected because it reduces the support gap. No alternate sense, free base, productive reduplication, derivation, habitat, behavior, food/use, life cycle, danger, body, source, possession, target case, singular/third-person subject, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or event proposition was opened.


label: batch-375
cheatsheet_version: Rule 333 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T09:20:51Z
notes:
LOW-COVERAGE BIRDS COMPLEMENTARY SINGULAR/THIRD-PERSON PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 332 (Rule 333). 50 rows. TARGETS: jiwal-jiwal kingfisher, kalmbangarr black diver bird, karkunbay stockwhip bird, mirrki kidney bird, mulumu dove, karunkurr crested pigeon, munungkul ground pigeon, jurriyan satin bower bird, juku-juku bronzewing dove, dawa-dawa magpie. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngayu, yundu, nyulu, bula, jana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. Exact spelling/reduplication variants, overlapping bird labels, Patz tree homonym, and secondary cultural senses remain separate. Selected three-here layout has zero collisions and reduces the deictic gap; opposite layout collides with five Batch 363 dawa-dawa rows. No variant equivalence, free base, productive morphology, body/colour, call/song, habitat, behavior, totem/moiety, ceremony, omen/death, source, possession, target case, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or event proposition was opened.


label: batch-376
cheatsheet_version: Rule 334 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T09:42:55Z
notes:
BIRD NON-SINGULAR PAST-PERCEPTION CONSOLIDATION AFTER RULE 333 (Rule 334). 50 rows. TARGETS: jiwal-jiwal kingfisher, kalmbangarr black diver bird, karkunbay stockwhip bird, mirrki kidney bird, mulumu dove, karunkurr crested pigeon, munungkul ground pigeon, jurriyan satin bower bird, juku-juku bronzewing dove, dawa-dawa magpie. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngali, ngaliny, yubal, yurra, ngana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. No target previously occurred in non-singular past perception. Both deictic orientations were collision-free; three-here/two-there reduces the support gap. Exact record and bird senses only; no variant equivalence, free base, productive morphology, homonym merger, body/colour, call/song, habitat, behavior, totem/moiety, ceremony, omen/death, source, possession, target case, singular/third-person subject, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or event proposition was opened.


label: batch-377
cheatsheet_version: Rule 335 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T10:10:52Z
notes:
MAMMAL SINGULAR/THIRD-PERSON PAST-PERCEPTION COMPLETION AFTER RULE 334 (Rule 335). 50 rows. TARGETS: kaya-kaya dogs, murral tree kangaroo, jungarr marsupial native cat, jayju kangaroo rat, ngumbi bandicoot, mali small bat, kukur rat, murramu dingo, darrba grass wallaby, yawa possum. SUPPORT: bare nominative ngayu, yundu, nyulu, bula, jana; Yalanji yaluy/yinyay; dictionary-attested past nyajin. The exact four-token bare-target past grid was empty in both deictic orientations; three-here/two-there reduces the support gap. Exact noun senses only; no free-base/productive reduplication, Nyungkul substitution, synonym generation, mali former-possession homonym, kukur case, inflected murramungku, darra/yawarr confusion, body/property, habitat, behavior, hunting, food/use, source, possession, cultural event, target case, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated perception, support inflection, or prior-row event was opened.


label: batch-378
cheatsheet_version: Rule 336 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T10:28:54Z
notes:
UNDERREPRESENTED NON-SINGULAR MAMMAL PAST-PERCEPTION EXPANSION AFTER RULE 335 (Rule 336). 50 rows over kaya-kaya, murral, jungarr, jayju, ngumbi, mali, kukur, murramu, darrba, and yawa. Selected bare nominatives: ngali 1du exclusive, ngaliny 1du inclusive, yubal 2du, yurra 2pl, and underrepresented nganjin 1pl exclusive. Grammatical ngana 1pl inclusive was explicitly deferred because coverage was 1115 versus nganjin 268. Both orientations were collision-free; three-here/two-there reduces the support gap. Exact noun senses and all Rule 335 dialect, homonym, synonym, case, near-head, ecology, habitat, behavior, hunting, food/use, source, possession, event, nonpast/purposive/reduplicated-perception, and support boundaries remain closed.


label: batch-379
cheatsheet_version: Rule 337 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T10:46:16Z
notes:
REPTILE UNDERREPRESENTED NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 336 (Rule 337). 50 rows over jalbil, kalkarrumbarr, kurmba-kurmba, jimalili, yuray, bakay, kungkun, bilbil-bilbil, bajalji, and noun jabil. Bare ngali/ngaliny/yubal/yurra/nganjin A, bare target O, Yalanji locals, past nyajin. Duplicate exact records remain uncollapsed; noun/verb homonym, myth/lore, properties, poison/danger, habitat, behavior, cultural stories, source, possession, case, and events remain closed.


label: batch-380
cheatsheet_version: Rule 338 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T11:04:26Z
notes:
REPTILE COMPLEMENTARY SINGULAR/THIRD-PERSON PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 337 (Rule 338). 50 rows over jalbil, kalkarrumbarr, kurmba-kurmba, jimalili, yuray, bakay, kungkun, bilbil-bilbil, bajalji, and noun jabil. Bare ngayu/yundu/nyulu/bula/jana A, bare target O, Yalanji locals, and past nyajin. The selected orientation exactly complements Batch 361 / Rule 319. Duplicate exact records remain uncollapsed; noun/verb homonym, myth/lore, properties, poison/danger, habitat, behavior, cultural stories, source, possession, case, and events remain closed.


label: batch-381
cheatsheet_version: Rule 339 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T11:23:10Z
notes:
REPTILE COMPLEMENTARY NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 338 (Rule 339). 50 rows over jalbil, kalkarrumbarr, kurmba-kurmba, jimalili, yuray, bakay, kungkun, bilbil-bilbil, bajalji, and noun jabil. Bare ngali/ngaliny/yubal/yurra/nganjin A, bare target O, Yalanji locals, and past nyajin. The selected orientation exactly complements Batch 379 / Rule 337; two-here/three-there completes that paradigm without duplicating its lower-gap inverse. Duplicate exact records remain uncollapsed; noun/verb homonym, myth/lore, properties, poison/danger, habitat, behavior, cultural stories, source, possession, case, and events remain closed.


label: batch-382
cheatsheet_version: Rule 340 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T11:36:20Z
notes:
UNDERREPRESENTED REPTILE LEXEME-SET-B NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 339 (Rule 340). 50 rows over banamu, binju, dukul-mukul, jirabay, junbirr, kabuljaka, kulmba-kulmba, kurriyala, ngawurr-ngawun, and ngumbul. Bare ngali/ngaliny/yubal/yurra/nganjin A, bare target O, Yalanji locals, and past nyajin. Duplicate records, binju polysemy, kurriyala fish/snake homonymy and myth/material contexts, whole echo/reduplicated heads, properties, habitat, poison/danger, source, possession, case, and events remain closed. The full 100-cell grid was empty and selected three-here/two-there reduced the deictic gap 172->162.


label: batch-383
cheatsheet_version: Rule 341 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T11:45:41Z
notes:
COMPLEMENTARY REPTILE LEXEME-SET-B NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 340 (Rule 341). 50 rows over banamu, binju, dukul-mukul, jirabay, junbirr, kabuljaka, kulmba-kulmba, kurriyala, ngawurr-ngawun, and ngumbul. The selected orientation exactly complements Batch 382 / Rule 340. Duplicate records, binju polysemy, kurriyala fish/snake homonymy and source contexts, whole echo/reduplicated heads, properties, habitat, poison/danger, source, possession, case, and events remain closed. Two-here/three-there completes the paradigm without duplicating the lower-gap inverse.


label: batch-384
cheatsheet_version: Rule 342 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T11:56:10Z
notes:
SENSE-QUALIFIED REPTILE LEXEME-SET-C SINGULAR/THIRD PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 341 (Rule 342). 50 rows over kalkamuku, karrkurr, jinkalmu, barka, yalnga, biwul, yirku-yirku, jadi, walkarr and bajabaja. Generic creature labels isolate reptile senses from duplicate records, barka nut, biwul kinship, jinkalmu taxonomy/cultural prose, food taboo/safety, myth/place/story, whole reduplicated heads, properties, habitat, source case/events. Full 100-cell grid empty; selected gap 172->162.


label: batch-385
cheatsheet_version: Rule 343 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T12:17:34Z
notes:
COMPLEMENTARY SENSE-QUALIFIED REPTILE LEXEME-SET-C SINGULAR/THIRD PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 342 (Rule 343). 50 accepted distributional complements over kalkamuku, karrkurr, jinkalmu, barka, yalnga, biwul, yirku-yirku, jadi, walkarr and bajabaja. Fresh source hashes and exact record inventory unchanged; candidate cells 50/50 empty and opposites exactly Batch 384 seq 1-50. Generic labels preserve duplicate, flora, kinship, taxonomy/culture, food safety/taboo, myth/place, whole-head, property/habitat, case/source/event boundaries. Completion changes deictic gap 162->172.


label: batch-386
cheatsheet_version: Rule 344 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T12:32:59Z
notes:
SENSE-QUALIFIED REPTILE LEXEME-SET-C NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 343 (Rule 344). 50 accepted rows over the ten Rule 342-343 heads with ngali 1du.excl, ngaliny 1du.incl, yubal 2du, yurra 2pl and nganjin 1pl.excl. All 100 cells were empty; selected three-here/two-there changed gap 172->162. Patz Table 3.6 overrides the dictionary's ngali inclusive misgloss and exact-ngaliny omission; deferred ngana remains grammatical. All target record, sense, culture, property, source and event boundaries closed.


label: batch-387
cheatsheet_version: Rule 345 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T12:46:31Z
notes:
COMPLEMENTARY SENSE-QUALIFIED REPTILE SET-C NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 344 (Rule 345). 50 accepted exact deictic complements over the ten set-C heads. Every candidate was empty and every opposite exactly Batch 386 seq 1-50. Patz ngali 1du.excl / ngaliny 1du.incl continues to override dictionary misgloss/omission; deferred ngana remains grammatical. All target boundaries remain closed. Completion necessarily changes deictic gap 162->172.


label: batch-388
cheatsheet_version: Rule 346 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T13:04:54Z
notes:
UNDERREPRESENTED BIRD LEXEME-SET-D SINGULAR/THIRD PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 345 (Rule 346). 50 accepted rows over diwalngku, bujil-yiran, karrmbil, yiki, bajal, biru-biru, jangkan, kurranday, ngarkay and wakuka. Fresh two-record inventories and Patz exact-hit profile passed. Generic labels preserve unknown/conflicting taxonomy, empty cognition card, whole reduplication, cultural belief, property/habitat, source and event boundaries. All 100 cells empty; selected three-here/two-there changed gap 172->162.


label: batch-389
cheatsheet_version: Rule 347 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T13:19:14Z
notes:
COMPLEMENTARY BIRD SET-D SINGULAR/THIRD PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 346 (Rule 347). 50 accepted exact deictic complements; every candidate empty and every opposite exactly Batch 388 seq 1-50. Fresh two-card inventory and corrected wakuka three-hit profile unchanged. All unknown/conflicting taxonomy, card/domain, whole-head, culture, property/habitat/place/source/event boundaries remain closed. Completion changes gap 162->172.


label: batch-390
cheatsheet_version: Rule 348 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T13:31:32Z
notes:
BIRD SET-D NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 347 (Rule 348). 50 accepted; full 100-cell matrix empty; target/Patz and Patz-over-dictionary pronoun audits passed; all lexical/source boundaries closed; gap 172->162.


label: batch-391
cheatsheet_version: Rule 349 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T13:49:24Z
notes:
COMPLEMENTARY BIRD SET-D NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 348 (Rule 349). 50 accepted; candidates empty and opposites exactly Batch 390; fresh target/Patz and pronoun audits passed; all lexical/source boundaries closed; full 100-cell paradigm complete; gap 162->172.


label: batch-392
cheatsheet_version: Rule 350 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T14:07:02Z
notes:
LOW-COVERAGE BIRD SET-E SINGULAR/THIRD PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 349 (Rule 350). 50 accepted; source/card/Patz and empty 200-cell audits passed; labels conservative; cultural/taxonomic/property/event boundaries closed; gap 172->162.


label: batch-393
cheatsheet_version: Rule 351 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T14:23:04Z
notes:
COMPLEMENTARY BIRD SET-E SINGULAR/THIRD PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 350 (Rule 351). 50 accepted; corrected target set; exact Batch 392 complements; all source/linter boundaries retained; gap 162->172.


label: batch-394
cheatsheet_version: Rule352 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T14:33:51Z
notes:
CORRECTED BIRD SET-E NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 351 (Rule 352). 50 accepted; 100 cells empty; Patz clusivity and corrected head boundaries retained; gap 172->162.


label: batch-395
cheatsheet_version: Rule353 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T14:42:10Z
notes:
COMPLEMENTARY CORRECTED BIRD SET-E NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE 352 (Rule 353). 50 accepted; exact complements; full grid complete; Patz/corrected boundaries retained; gap 162->172.


label: batch-396
cheatsheet_version: Rule354 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T14:55:13Z
notes:
LINTER-CLEAN FISH SET-F SINGULAR/THIRD PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE353 (Rule354). 50 accepted; two-card/zero-Patz/empty-200-cell audits; source prose closed; gap172->162.


label: batch-397
cheatsheet_version: Rule355 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T15:15:53Z
notes:
COMPLEMENTARY LINTER-CLEAN FISH SET-F SINGULAR/THIRD PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE354 (Rule355). 50 accepted; exact complements; full 100-cell grid complete; source/sense boundaries retained; gap162->172.


label: batch-398
cheatsheet_version: Rule356 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T15:26:30Z
notes:
LINTER-CLEAN FISH SET-F NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE355 (Rule356). 50 accepted; 100 cells empty before bank; Patz clusivity and fish boundaries retained; gap172->162.


label: batch-399
cheatsheet_version: Rule357 accepted
guide_version: operator-guide-2026-07-10
created_at: 2026-07-10T15:35:39Z
notes:
COMPLEMENTARY LINTER-CLEAN FISH SET-F NON-SINGULAR PAST PERCEPTION AFTER RULE356 (Rule357). 50 accepted; exact complements; full 100-cell non-singular and 200-cell set-F grid complete; gap162->172.


# sentences

english: This food is very good.
kuku: Yanyu mayi ngulkurr bajaku.
frame: verbless_np_adj_degree
words_used: ["yanyu", "mayi", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dict example verbatim: 'Yinya mayi ngulkurr bajaku'; Patz §3.2.3.8
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
yanyu mayi ngulkurr-baja-ku | this.ABS food.ABS good-DEG2-EMPH — degree -baja+obligatory -ku (§3.2.3.8)


english: The children are down there.
kuku: Jana karrkay bada-bada.
frame: verbless_np_locword
words_used: ["karrkay", "badabada"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 297] verbatim
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
jana karrkay bada-bada | 3pl.NOM child.ABS down.REDUP(=down there) — pron+N apposition + location word (§4.1.5b, §3.3); dict headword bada-bada


english: That man is from Wujal Wujal.
kuku: Yinya dingkar Wujal-wujalmuny.
frame: verbless_np_abl
words_used: ["yinya", "dingkar"]
loans_used: ["Wujalwujal (place)"]
evidence: Patz [A 298] pattern 'kuna-muny'; wujalwujal-arra attested §3.2.3.7
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
yinya dingkar Wujal-wujal-muny | that.ABS man.ABS Wujal.Wujal-ABL — N+ABL origin predicate (§4.1.5c)


english: Do you have a knife?
kuku: Yundu naybuji?
frame: verbless_comit_q
words_used: ["naybu"]
loans_used: ["naybu"]
evidence: Patz [A 304] pattern 'Yundu maji-ji?'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
yundu naybu-ji | 2sg.NOM knife-COMIT — comitative possession question, intonation only (§4.1.5e, §4.8)


english: The dog wants a bone.
kuku: Kaya wawu bajibayngka.
frame: adjparticle_wawu_dat
words_used: ["kaya", "wawu", "bajibay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 313] verbatim
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
kaya wawu bajibay-ngka | dog.ABS want bone-DAT — wawu + neutral DAT (y-final -ngkV, a-harmony) (§4.9.1)


english: The women are bathing in the river.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbu wawubajanga janjil.
frame: intransitive_loc
words_used: ["jalbu", "wawubaja", "janjil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 275] 'bana-nga janji-l'; wawubaja-nga attested [A 262]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu wawubaja-nga janji-l | woman-REDUP.ABS river-LOC bathe-NONPAST — plural redup; l-conj intransitive (§3.8.3)


english: We swam to the island.
kuku: Nganjin burrira marijin.
frame: intransitive_loc_goal
words_used: ["burrir", "mariji"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
nganjin burrir-a mariji-ny | 1pl.exc.NOM island-LOC swim-PAST — LOC as goal of motion; r-final LOC -V (§4.1.4.4iii)

evidence:
Patz [A 268] verbatim | ADJUDICATED: evidence: burrir='island' is grammar-attested (dict stub unglossed); printed [A 268] 'Nganjiny' = OCR typo, nganjin per Table 3.6


english: He went to the sea.
kuku: Nyulu jalunbu dungan.
frame: intransitive_loc_goal
words_used: ["jalun", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: LOC allomorph rule §3.2.1 (cf. diburr-bu); jalun attested; form not directly attested
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
nyulu jalun-bu dunga-ny | 3sg.NOM sea-LOC go-PAST — LOC goal; neutral LOC else -bV, u-harmony (rule-derived)


english: The old woman sat down at the fire.
kuku: Wulbuman bayanga bundan.
analysis: wulbuman baya-nga bunda-ny | old.woman.ABS fire-LOC sit-PAST — LOC place (§4.1.4.4iii)
frame: intransitive_loc_past
words_used: ["wulbuman", "baya", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
evidence:
baya-nga attested [A 358]; bunda-y paradigm Table 3.17 | ADJUDICATED: evidence: bunday='sit' grammar-attested (dict stub unglossed; errata #13)


english: Tomorrow we will go to the store.
kuku: Wunkun ngana storemunbu dungay.
frame: intransitive_loan_loc
words_used: ["wunkun", "dungay"]
loans_used: ["store"]
evidence: school-mun-bu attested §3.12; store-mun attested; wunkun dict
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
wunkun ngana store-mun-bu dunga-y | tomorrow 1pl.inc.NOM store-mun-LOC go-NONPAST — temporal initial; loan+catalytic -mun- (§3.12)


english: The two of them are sitting there.
kuku: Bula yinyay bunday.
analysis: bula yinyay bunda-y | 3du.NOM there sit-NONPAST — dual pronoun + local demonstrative (§3.7)
frame: intransitive_dem_loc
words_used: ["bunday"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:22:36.627999+00:00
evidence:
yinyay §3.7 Table 3.14; bula Table 3.6 | ADJUDICATED: evidence: bunday+bula grammar-attested (dict stubs unglossed)


english: I got three fish.
kuku: Ngayu kuyu kulur manin.
frame: transitive_pron_a
words_used: ["kuyu", "kulur", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: mixed alignment §4.1.4; quantifier placement §4.1.1(g)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
ngayu kuyu kulur mani-ny | 1sg.NOM fish.ABS three get-PAST — pron A (NOM) + N O (ABS) + post-head quantifier


english: She is looking after the baby.
kuku: Nyulu ngawa kujil.
analysis: nyulu ngawa kuji-l | 3sg.NOM baby.ABS look.after-NONPAST
frame: transitive_pron_a
words_used: ["ngawa", "kujil"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
evidence:
elder 'kujinka' (look after); dict kujil 'keep' | ADJUDICATED: kujil 'look after' sense elder-attested; dict gloss 'keep,hold' — errata sense addition


english: The old woman told the girl to look after the baby.
kuku: Wulbumanangka maral balkan, ngawa kujinka.
frame: jussive_purposive
words_used: ["wulbuman", "maral", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 415] 'Babi-ngka maral balka-ny'; elder 'Bamanda balkan' shows LOC frame variant
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-angka maral balka-ny, ngawa kuji-nka | old.woman-ERG:pt girl.ABS tell-PAST baby.ABS look.after-PURP — jussive with purposive complement, O=A' (§4.4.1, [A 415] verbatim frame)


english: The women know how to weave dilly bags.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbu binal balji wukurrinka.
frame: adjparticle_binal_purp
words_used: ["jalbu", "binal", "balji", "wukurril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 585] verbatim (sg); DB 'Jalbungku balji wukurrin'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu binal balji wukurri-nka | woman-REDUP.ABS know dillybag.ABS weave-PURP — binal + purposive complement (§4.9.1)


english: He gave the fish to his mother.
kuku: Nyulu kuyu dajin ngamundu.
frame: ditransitive_loc
words_used: ["kuyu", "dajil", "ngamu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 272] pattern 'daji-ny yaba-nda'; ngamu-ndu attested
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
nyulu kuyu daji-ny ngamu-ndu | 3sg.NOM fish.ABS give-PAST mother-LOC:pt — recipient = LOC:pt (§4.1.4.4iii)


english: I will show the house to my friend.
kuku: Ngayu bayan milbil jawunundu.
frame: ditransitive_loc
words_used: ["bayan", "milbil", "jawun"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 271] 'milbi-l buji-nda'; jawun-unji (u-harmony) attested §3.2.3.3
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
ngayu bayan milbi-l jawun-undu | 1sg.NOM house.ABS show-NONPAST friend-LOC:pt — u-harmony -VndV (§3.2.1)


english: There are a lot of trees standing over there.
kuku: Juku wubul yinyay janjanay.
frame: intransitive_quant
words_used: ["juku", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
juku wubul yinyay janjana-y | tree.ABS many.ABS there stand.REDUP-NONPAST — quantifier + fixed partial redup (§2.5.3)

evidence:
Patz [A 229] verbatim. NOTE: wubul='many' per Patz+corpus; dict gloss 'heart' ruled erroneous (authority decision)


english: The two women cooked fish.
kuku: Bula jalbubulalangka kuyu wayjun.
frame: transitive_dual
words_used: ["jalbu", "kuyu", "wayjul"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
bula jalbu-bulal-angka kuyu waju-ny | 3du.NOM woman-PAIR-ERG:pt fish.ABS cook-PAST — -bulal 'pair' + ERG (§3.2.3.5iii)

evidence:
Patz [A 234] 'Bula jalbu-bulal-angka' verbatim | ADJUDICATED: evidence: bula dictionary-present but unglossed; rests on Patz §3.5


english: Give me the knife!
kuku: Naybu daya ngaykundu!
frame: imperative_ditrans
words_used: ["naybu", "dajil"]
loans_used: ["naybu"]
evidence: suppletive daya attested (dict headword + Patz); [A 573] O-V imperative order
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
naybu daya ngayku-ndu | knife.ABS give.IMP 1sg-LOC — suppletive imperative daya; recipient LOC (§3.8.3.2i)


english: Did he come back?
kuku: Nyulu kadan baja?
frame: question_yesno
words_used: ["kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 575] verbatim 'Nyulu kada-ny-baja?'
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
nyulu kada-ny-baja | 3sg.NOM come-PAST-again — yes/no by intonation only (§4.8); clitic -baja 'again'


english: Who took my dilly bag?
kuku: Wanyangka ngayku balji wundin?
frame: question_content
words_used: ["balji", "wundil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 577] verbatim frame 'Wanya-ngka ngayku dambal wundi-ny?'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T20:32:36.873283Z
updated_at: 2026-07-02T20:57:39.222956+00:00
analysis:
wanya-ngka ngayku balji wundi-ny | who-ERG:pt 1sg.POSS bag.ABS take-PAST — interrogative in A slot (§4.8)


english: Whose dog is that?
kuku: Yinya kaya wanyamba?
analysis: yinya kaya wanyamba | that.ABS dog.ABS who.POSS — possessive interrogative (Table 3.10 Y wanyamba)
frame: question_poss
words_used: ["kaya"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
evidence:
Patz Table 3.10 'who' POSS(zero) Y = wanyamba; PROBE | ADJUDICATED: wanyamba → errata grammar-sourced addition (Patz Table 3.10, Y POSS of wanya)


english: That young man is very strong.
kuku: Yinya warru junkurrji bajaku.
frame: verbless_comit
words_used: ["warru", "junkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dict junkurr 'strength'; elder 'junkurrku kujinka' (strength adv); frame [A 531] kuli-ji pattern
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
yinya warru junkurr-ji-baja-ku | that.ABS young.man.ABS strength-COMIT-very — [A texts] junkurr-ji-bajaku verbatim; bajaku separate word per dict/elder surface


english: The old women sat down inside.
kuku: Kamba-kamba kananga bundarin.
frame: intransitive_plural_ri
words_used: ["kamba", "kana", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: elder 'Kamba-kambanda' (elders); dict kana 'inside'; Patz -ri- [A dunga-ri-y]; bunda-ri per [A 569]
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
kamba-kamba kana-nga bunda-ri-ny | old.woman-REDUP.ABS inside-LOC sit-PLS-PAST — kana-nga attested (DB gold 'Ngana kananga bayanba bundanday'; Patz text kana-nga wala-ny)


english: The baby slept outside.
kuku: Ngawa ngalkalba warngku wunan.
frame: intransitive_locword
words_used: ["ngawa", "ngalkal", "warngku", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dict ngalkal 'outside'; warngku wunay dict; §3.3 bare locword
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
ngawa ngalkal-ba warngku wuna-ny | baby.ABS outside-LOC sleep lie-PAST — ngalkal-ba attested (dict usage + Patz ngalkal-ba-ku)


english: The dog keeps running around at the camp.
kuku: Kaya bayanba wanarri.
frame: intransitive_redup
words_used: ["kaya", "bayan", "warri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz §2.5.3 wanarriy 'keep running'; bayan-ba attested
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
kaya bayan-ba wanarri-y | dog.ABS camp-LOC run.REDUP-NONPAST — fixed partial redup (§2.5.3); surface final -iy → -i


english: Dad caught a wallaby yesterday.
kuku: Yilayku nganjanangka kadar karrban.
frame: transitive_past_temporal
words_used: ["yilayku", "nganjan", "kadar", "karrbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dict yilayku; nganjan-angka attested; karrbal 'catch' dict
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
yilayku nganjan-angka kadar karrba-ny | yesterday father-ERG:pt wallaby.ABS catch-PAST — temporal initial (§11)


english: I heard the dog.
kuku: Ngayu kaya milkabu nyajin.
frame: transitive_idiom_inst
words_used: ["kaya", "milka", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dict 'milkabu nyajil' = hear (verbatim); INST §5
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
ngayu kaya milka-bu nyaji-ny | 1sg.NOM dog.ABS ear-INST perceive-PAST — 'hear' = ear-INST + nyajil (dict idiom)


english: That woman cooked the fish.
kuku: Yinyangka jalbungku kuyu wayjun.
frame: transitive_np_agreement
words_used: ["jalbu", "kuyu", "wayjul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 237] 'Yinya-ngka kubarr-angka yalbay-ngka' — all NP constituents case-marked
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
yinya-ngka jalbu-ngku kuyu waju-ny | that-ERG:pt woman-ERG:pt fish.ABS cook-PAST — NP-internal case agreement PROBE (§6, [A 237])


english: The girl asked her mother about the food.
kuku: Maral ngamundu babajin mayika.
frame: ask_frame
words_used: ["maral", "ngamu", "babaji", "mayi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 264] 'Ngayu Mabel-anda babaji-ny bayan-ka' verbatim frame; ngamu-ndu attested
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
maral ngamu-ndu babaji-ny mayi-ka | girl.ABS mother-LOC:pt ask.about-PAST food-DAT — asker S, person LOC:pt, topic DAT ([A 264])


english: The young fellows threw stones into the water.
kuku: Warru-warrungku kulji yilban bananga.
analysis: warru-warru-ngku kulji yilba-ny bana-nga | young.man-REDUP-ERG:pt stone.ABS throw-PAST water-LOC
frame: transitive_plural_erg
words_used: ["warru", "kulji", "yilbal", "bana"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
evidence:
Patz [A 289] yilba-l 'throw'; maral-maral-angka shows redup+ERG §3.2.3.5; warru-warru attested [A 269]


english: My elder brother speared a sea turtle.
kuku: Ngayku yabangka ngawiya daman.
frame: transitive_kin_erg
words_used: ["yaba", "ngawiya", "damal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 233] pattern; dict spelling ngawiya (Patz ngawuya noted as variant); yaba potent kin
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
ngayku yaba-ngka ngawiya dama-ny | 1sg.POSS eB-ERG:pt sea.turtle.ABS spear-PAST — poss disambiguates yaba homograph


english: Granny is teaching the children language.
kuku: Babingka karrkay-karrkay binal-bungal kukuku.
frame: causative_teach_dat
words_used: ["babi", "karrkay", "binal", "kuku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 255] binal-bunga-l ... kuku-ku verbatim frame; elder binal-bungan
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka karrkay-karrkay binal-bunga-l kuku-ku | granny-ERG:pt child-REDUP.ABS know-CAUS-NONPAST language-DAT — teach + DAT topic ([A 255])


english: I don't want tea.
kuku: Ngayu wawu-kari diyika.
frame: wawu_kari_loan
words_used: ["wawu"]
loans_used: ["tea"]
evidence: Patz [A 518] 'Ngayu wawu-kari ... kaya-nka'; wawu-kari §3.9.1; -mun- on loans §3.12
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
ngayu wawu-kari diyi-ka | 1sg.NOM want-PRIV tea-DAT — diyi (dict adapted loan), DAT -kV, i→a harmony


english: The children are afraid of the dark.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay yinil wujurrku.
analysis: karrkay-karrkay yinil wujurr-ku | child-REDUP.ABS afraid darkness-DAT — [A 428a] verbatim
frame: adjparticle_yinil_dat
words_used: ["karrkay", "yinil", "wujurr"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
evidence:
Patz [A 428b] wujurr-bu 'in the dark' (wujurr = errata addition); DAT -VkV/r- rule (kukur-uku pattern)


english: I can't swim.
kuku: Ngayu murruji maraji.
frame: murruji_finite
words_used: ["maraji"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz §3.8.6.1 murruji 'cannot'; complement pattern per binal [A 585]; PROBE — frame rule-derived
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
ngayu murruji maraji-y | 1sg.NOM cannot swim-NONPAST — y deleted after i (§2.5.2); frame per attested murruji + finite verb


english: Mother gave the clothes to my elder brother.
kuku: Ngamungku kambi dajin ngayku yabanda.
frame: ditransitive_loc
words_used: ["ngamu", "kambi", "yungal", "yaba"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 272] daji-ny yaba-nda verbatim recipient; [A 273] yunga-l send
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
ngamu-ngku kambi daji-ny ngayku yaba-nda | mother-ERG:pt clothes.ABS give-PAST 1sg.POSS eB-LOC:pt — [A 272] verbatim recipient frame


english: My child got a fish.
kuku: Ngayku kangkalda kuyu manin.
frame: transitive_kin_neutral
words_used: ["kangkal", "kuyu", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz §3.2.4: kangkal-da ERG neutral attested (never -angka)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
ngayku kangkal-da kuyu mani-ny | 1sg.POSS own.child-ERG(neutral!) fish.ABS get-PAST — kangkal takes NEUTRAL inflection PROBE (§7 kin exceptions)


english: The woman is carrying the baby.
kuku: Jalbungku ngawa jarra-kulbal.
analysis: jalbu-ngku ngawa jarrakulba-l | woman-ERG:pt baby.ABS carry-NONPAST
frame: transitive_nonpast
words_used: ["jalbu", "ngawa"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:18:09.621743+00:00
evidence:
Patz [A 439] 'Ngayu ngawa jarrakulba-l' verbatim frame; jarrakulbal NOT in dict — grammar-attested only (flag) | ADJUDICATED: jarrakulbal → errata grammar-sourced addition (tr verb 'carry', [A 439]/[A 413])


english: Wash your hands before eating!
kuku: Mara julurrijika, mayi nukanyjiku!
frame: imperative_reflexive_succ
words_used: ["mara", "julurril", "mayi", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
mara julurri-ji-ka, mayi nuka-nyjiku | hand.ABS wash-REFL-IMP food.ABS eat-SUCC — reflexive imperative + successive (§10c, §12)

evidence:
Patz [A 565] julurri-ji-ka! + [A 447] 'mara julurrijiy ... dingka-nyjiku' (washes hands before kneading)


english: If it rains, we will stay at the house.
kuku: Kaki kaba kaday, ngana bayanba bundanday.
frame: conditional_kaki
words_used: ["kaki", "kaba", "kaday", "bayan", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 393] kaki frame; bundanday 'stay' §2.5.3
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
kaki kaba kada-y, ngana bayan-ba bundanda-y | if rain.ABS come-NONPAST 1pl.inc.NOM house-LOC stay-NONPAST — kaki conditional (§12)


english: The young man went into the rainforest to spear a wallaby.
kuku: Warru madjanga dungan, kadar damanka.
frame: purposive
words_used: ["warru", "madja", "kadar", "damal"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
warru maja-nga dunga-ny, kadar dama-nka | young.man.ABS scrub/rainforest-LOC go-PAST wallaby.ABS spear-PURP — purposive (§12)

evidence:
Patz [A 406] verbatim frame 'Warru dungan wawubajanga, kuyu damanka'; [A 277] maja-nga; surface madja- per elder gold spelling | ADJUDICATED: words_used += madja (dict headword madja 'scrub/rainforest'; analysis notes Patz maja)


english: When will Dad come back?
kuku: Wanjawanja nganjan kaday baja?
frame: question_when
words_used: ["nganjan", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
wanjawanja nganjan kada-y-baja | when father.ABS come-NONPAST-again — 'when' initial; baja separate word (§0)

evidence:
Patz [A 582] 'Wanjawanja yundu kada-y-baja?' verbatim frame; elder 'kadan baja' spacing | ADJUDICATED: wanjawanja → errata grammar-sourced addition (Table 3.11, [A 582])


english: The child washed himself in the river.
kuku: Karrkay julurrijin wawubajanga.
frame: reflexive_past
words_used: ["karrkay", "julurril", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Patz [A 336] 'Karrkay julurri-ji-y' verbatim frame
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
karrkay julurri-ji-ny wawubaja-nga | child.ABS wash-REFL-PAST river-LOC — reflexive -ji- → y-conj (§10c)


english: The food has gone bad.
kuku: Mayi buyunman.
analysis: mayi buyun-ma-ny | food.ABS bad-INCHO-PAST — inchoative -mal (§10c)
frame: inchoative_past
words_used: ["mayi", "buyun"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
evidence:
Patz [A 314] 'Yinya mayi ngulkurr-ma-ny' verbatim frame; buyun 'bad' grammar-attested + elder 'buyun' (dict stub — errata)


english: The man sharpened his spear.
kuku: Dingkarangka nyungu kalka nyurrban.
analysis: dingkar-angka nyungu kalka nyurrba-ny | man-ERG:pt 3sg.POSS spear.ABS sharpen-PAST
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["dingkar", "kalka"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
evidence:
Patz [A 471] kalka ... nyurrba-l 'sharpens the spear' frame; nyurrbal NOT in dict — grammar-attested only (flag) | ADJUDICATED: evidence corrected — nyurrbal IS in dict ('grind, sharpen'); confidence raised to high


english: The ghost frightened the girl.
kuku: Dubungku maral yinil-kangan.
frame: causative_kangal
words_used: ["maral", "yinil"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
dubu-ngku maral yinil-kanga-ny | ghost-ERG:pt girl.ABS afraid-CAUS-PAST — state-causative -kangal (§10c)

evidence:
Patz [A 324] 'Dubu-ngku maral yinil-kanga-ny' VERBATIM; dubu not dict-verified (grammar-attested; flag) | ADJUDICATED: evidence corrected — dubu IS in dict ('spirit of a dead person'); confidence raised to high


english: Give the child some food!
kuku: Mayi daya karrkayanda!
frame: imperative_ditrans
words_used: ["mayi", "dajil", "karrkay"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
mayi daya karrkay-anda | food.ABS give.IMP child-LOC:pt — suppletive daya; recipient LOC:pt (§10b, §5)

evidence:
suppletive daya (dict headword); [A 573] 'Mayi-ngarr nuka!' O-first imperative; karrkay-anda attested


english: The old woman is chatting with her younger sister.
kuku: Wulbuman balkaway jinkurrji.
frame: reciprocal_comit
words_used: ["wulbuman", "balkal", "jinkurr"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman balka-wa-y jinkurr-ji | old.woman.ABS speak-RECIP-NONPAST yZ-COMIT(neutral) — lexicalized reciprocal 'chat'; kin-neutral comitative (§7, §10c)

evidence:
Patz balka-wa-y 'chat' (lexicalized); [A 554] 'Warru wurin-wuriy jinkurr-ji' — jinkurr-ji verbatim (neutral kin)


english: The rain came. Everyone went into the house.
kuku: Kaba kadan. Jana bama wubulku bayanba dungarin.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaba", "kaday", "bama", "narmba", "kana", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 226] Kaba kaday; dict narmba 'all', kana 'inside'; -ri- plural subject
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic_pending_elder_verification
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:03:09.344048+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-02T21:27:17.403462+00:00
analysis:
kaba kada-ny. jana bama wubul-ku bayan-ba dunga-ri-ny | rain.ABS come-PAST. 3pl.NOM person.ABS all-EMPH house-LOC go-PLS-PAST — elder 'jana wubulku jangkamarin' pattern


english: How many children do you have?
kuku: Yundu kangkal wanjarrinya?
frame: question_howmany
words_used: ["kangkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 583] wanjarrinya; [A 522] Ngayu kangkal jambul frame
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
yundu kangkal wanjarrinya | 2sg.NOM own.child.ABS how.many — interrogative in quantifier slot of [A 522] frame


english: Granny is behind the house.
kuku: Kami kudamundu bayanba.
frame: verbless_locword_loc
words_used: ["kami", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kudamundu IS in the §3.3 closed class (verified); [A 278] 'badabada juku-ngu' locword+LOC order
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
kami kudamundu bayan-ba | grandparent.ABS behind house-LOC — closed-class locword + LOC NP ([A 278] pattern)


english: The children danced outside.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay ngalkalba wurin.
frame: intransitive_loc_past
words_used: ["karrkay", "ngalkal", "wuri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ngalkal-ba dict-usage-attested ('Ngayu ngalkalba dungan'); wuri dict
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay ngalkal-ba wuri-ny | child-REDUP.ABS outside-LOC dance-PAST — RE-PROBE ngalkal-ba (E-009 fix)


english: Dad went down to the river.
kuku: Nganjan bada dungan wawubajanga.
frame: intransitive_locword_goal
words_used: ["nganjan", "wawubaja", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bada in §3.3 closed class (verified); goal LOC §5
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
nganjan bada dunga-ny wawubaja-nga | father.ABS down go-PAST river-LOC — closed-class bada + LOC goal


english: That man is climbing the mountain.
kuku: Yinya dingkar manjalba dakal.
frame: intransitive_loc
words_used: ["kija", "wandil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: parallel to batch-002 seq 12 (accepted); dict kija
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
yinya dingkar manjal-ba daka-l | that.ABS man.ABS mountain-LOC climb-NONPAST — climb+LOC per [A 476] juku-ngu daka-l; manjal-ba anchor


english: I'm not going yet.
kuku: Ngayu kariku dungay.
analysis: ngayu kariku dunga-y | 1sg.NOM not.yet go-NONPAST — kariku 'not yet' (§3.9.2)
frame: negation_kariku
words_used: ["dungay", "kariku"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
evidence:
Patz §3.9.2 kariku 'not at all / not yet'; position preverbal like kari | ADJUDICATED: words_used=[dungay,kariku]; kariku is its own dict headword (particle 'not yet') | ADJUDICATED: kariku is polysemous not-at-all/not-yet (§3.9.2) — pair not to be trained as exclusive not-yet exponent


english: The baby cried at dawn.
kuku: Muduwajuny ngawa badin.
frame: intransitive_temporal
words_used: ["muduwaju", "ngawa", "badi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: core-lexicon muduwaju 'dawn' (dict-verified); temporal §11
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:02:59.584711+00:00
analysis:
muduwaju-ny ngawa badi-ny | at.daybreak(lexicalized temporal, cf. wunkuny) baby.ABS cry-PAST — muduwajuny attested Text 36 + §5.2.2


english: The shark ate the fish.
kuku: Yaburrungku kuyu nukan.
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["yaburr", "kuyu", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yaburr-unku DAT:pt attested → ERG yaburr-ungku parallel (wabul-ungku pattern); E-010 aware
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
yaburr-ungku kuyu nuka-ny | shark-ERG:pt fish.ABS eat-PAST — trill-rr stem takes -VngkV (potent C-form, not the retroflex-only neutral -V forms)


english: Granny dug up scrub-hen eggs.
kuku: Babingka jarruka bakan.
analysis: babi-ngka jarruka baka-ny | granny-ERG:pt scrub.hen(egg).ABS dig-PAST
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["babi", "bakal"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
evidence:
[A 266] VERBATIM 'Babi-ngka jarruka wubul baka-ny'; jarruka not dict-verified (grammar-attested — errata candidate) | ADJUDICATED: evidence corrected — jarruka IS dict-verified (2 entries, 2nd covers eggs); confidence high; E-013 recurrence


english: A mosquito bit me.
kuku: Kamungku nganya baykan.
frame: transitive_pron_o
words_used: ["kamu", "baykal"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
kamu-ngku nganya bayka-ny | mosquito-ERG:pt 1sg.ACC bite-PAST — potency probe: biting insect as potent agent

evidence:
kamu dict 'mosquito'; potency judgement per §4 (active/attacking); pron ACC nganya | ADJUDICATED: syntax objection REFUTED — Patz grammar.md:4190 explicitly attests potent ERG for stinging mosquito; core-lexicon potency for kamu corrected to 'potent-when-biting' (errata)


english: I asked Dad about the fish.
kuku: Ngayu nganjananda babajin kuyuku.
frame: ask_frame
words_used: ["nganjan", "babaji", "kuyu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 264] 'Ngayu Mabel-anda babaji-ny bayan-ka' verbatim frame
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
ngayu nganjan-anda babaji-ny kuyu-ku | 1sg.NOM father-LOC:pt ask.about-PAST fish-DAT — [A 264] frame re-probe


english: Why are you crying?
kuku: Wanyurringku yundu badi?
frame: question_why
words_used: ["badi"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
wanyurringku yundu badi-y | why 2sg.NOM cry-NONPAST — 'why' always initial (§9); surface y-deletion after i

evidence:
Table 3.10 wanyurringku='why'; §2.5.2 y-deletion | ADJUDICATED: wanyurringku → errata grammar-sourced addition ([A 127b] verbatim bigram match)


english: Mum sent the food with granny.
kuku: Ngamungku mayi yungan babinda.
frame: send_intermediary
words_used: ["ngamu", "mayi", "yungal", "babi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 273] 'yunga-l ngayku-wun-bu ngamu-ndu' send WITH — verbatim frame
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
ngamu-ngku mayi yunga-ny babi-nda | mother-ERG:pt food.ABS send-PAST granny-LOC:pt — INTERMEDIARY 'send with' RE-PROBE (E-yungal lesson)


english: Big sister's dog bit the pig.
kuku: Babarrandamundu kayangka bikibiki baykan.
frame: transitive_kin_poss
words_used: ["babarr", "kaya", "bikibiki", "baykal"]
loans_used: ["bikibiki"]
evidence: §7 kin exceptions; POSS -Vmu (maral-amu pattern); [A 515] POSS+ERG head frame
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
babarr-andamun-du kaya-ngka bikibiki bayka-ny | eZ-POSS-ERG(neutral) dog-ERG:pt pig.ABS bite-PAST — [A 126]/[A 515] verbatim frame


english: That fish might go rotten.
kuku: Yinya kuyu kabumanyji.
frame: precaut_warning
words_used: ["kuyu"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
yinya kuyu kabu-ma-nyji | that.ABS fish.ABS rotten-INCHO-PRECAUT — standalone precautionary as warning

evidence:
[A 444] VERBATIM 'Yinya kuyu kabu-ma-nyji'; kabu not dict-verified (grammar-attested — errata candidate) | ADJUDICATED: evidence corrected — kabu IS dict-verified (adj 'rotten'); confidence high; E-013 recurrence


english: Don't swim in the river — a crocodile might bite you!
kuku: Kari wawubajanga marajika, bilngkumungku yununy baykanyji!
frame: imperative_precaut
words_used: ["wawubaja", "maraji", "bilngkumu", "baykal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 432] 'kari janji-l wawubaja-nga, bujil-janji-nyji' + [A 437] '(yununy) bayka-nyji' frames
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:02:59.584711+00:00
analysis:
kari wawubaja-nga maraji-ka, bilngkumu-ngku yununy bayka-nyji | NEG river-LOC swim-IMP crocodile-ERG:pt 2sg.ACC bite-PRECAUT — IMP -ka on >2σ stems (Table 3.16); [A 436-437] prohibitive frame


english: Cook the meat before the children come!
kuku: Minya wayju, karrkay-karrkay kadanyjiku!
frame: imperative_succ
words_used: ["minya", "wayjul", "karrkay", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 455] 'Ngayu dungan, muyar kada-nyjiku' no-common-NP successive
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:02:59.584711+00:00
analysis:
minya waju-∅, karrkay-karrkay kada-nyjiku | meat.ABS cook-IMP child-REDUP.ABS come-SUCC — [A 455] no-common-NP successive; surface wayju per dict spelling


english: If the wind comes, we will go home.
kuku: Kaki muyar kaday, ngana bayanba dungay.
frame: conditional_kaki
words_used: ["muyar", "kaday", "bayan", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 393] kaki frame; muyar dict 'wind'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
kaki muyar kada-y, ngana bayan-ba dunga-y | if wind.ABS come-NONPAST 1pl.inc.NOM house-LOC go-NONPAST


english: The women sat down to weave dilly bags.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbu bundarin, balji wukurrinka.
frame: purposive_ri
words_used: ["jalbu", "bunday", "balji", "wukurril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 405] 'Jalbu-jalbu bunda-ny, balka-wa-nka' verbatim frame; -ri- licensed by redup subject (E-012)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu bunda-ri-ny, balji wukurri-nka | woman-REDUP.ABS sit-PLS-PAST bag.ABS weave-PURP — licensed -ri- (reduplicated subject) + purposive


english: The old man told the young fellows to get wood.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka warru-warru balkan, juku maninka.
frame: jussive_np_agreement
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "warru", "juku", "balkal", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 327] all-marked NP 'Yinya-ngka bama-ngka wulman-angka'; [A 415] jussive frame
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka warru-warru balka-ny, juku mani-nka | old-ERG:pt man-ERG:pt young.man-REDUP.ABS tell-PAST wood.ABS get-PURP — NP-agreement probe (each word harmonizes to its own stem: mukul→-ungku, dingkar→-angka) + jussive purposive (pitfall 13 licensed)


english: The sun came up. Dad got his spear. He went out for pigs.
kuku: Wungar wandin. Nganjanangka nyungu kalka manin. Nyulu bikibikinga dungan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "wandil", "nganjan", "kalka", "manil", "bikibiki", "dungay"]
loans_used: ["bikibiki"]
evidence: [A 269] VERBATIM 'bikibiki-nga dunga-' goal frame; batch-002 wungar wandin accepted
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-02T21:34:09.804038+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:09:21.867855+00:00
analysis:
wungar wandi-ny. nganjan-angka nyungu kalka mani-ny. nyulu bikibiki-nga dunga-ny | sun.ABS rise-PAST. father-ERG:pt 3sg.POSS spear.ABS get-PAST. 3sg.NOM pig-LOC go-PAST — 3-sentence micro-narrative, topic continuity via nyulu


english: A sea turtle is much bigger than a freshwater turtle.
kuku: Ngawiya ngujayngka yalbay bajaku.
frame: comparison_dat
words_used: ["ngawiya", "ngujay", "yalbay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 265] verbatim frame; ngujay dict 'freshwater turtle'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
ngawiya ngujay-ngka yalbay-baja-ku | sea.turtle.ABS freshwater.turtle-DAT big-very — DAT standard of comparison (§5)


english: Mum is calling out from the house.
kuku: Ngamu yirrkay bayanmundu.
frame: intransitive_abess
words_used: ["ngamu", "yirrkay", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 288] verbatim frame 'Mabel yirrkay bayan-mundu'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
ngamu yirrka-y bayan-mundu | mother.ABS shout-NONPAST house-ABESS — abessive: acting from a place without leaving (§5)


english: After the meal they have a rest.
kuku: Wawu-mayimuny jana wunanay.
frame: prior_wawu
words_used: ["mayi", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: §15 wawu-mayi-muny VERBATIM; [A 491] 'jana wunana-y' frame
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
wawu-mayi-muny jana wunana-y | after-food-ABL 3pl.NOM lie.REDUP-NONPAST — wawu- prior-event proclitic (§15)


english: Dad is going out with a boomerang.
kuku: Nganjan dungay wangalji.
frame: intransitive_comit
words_used: ["nganjan", "dungay", "wangal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 551] 'Wulman dungay kalka-ji waymbil-ji' frame; wangal dict 'boomerang'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
nganjan dunga-y wangal-ji | father.ABS go-NONPAST boomerang-COMIT — accompaniment comitative, clause-final (§4.6.1)


english: Mum got water from the river.
kuku: Ngamungku bana manin wawubajamuny.
frame: transitive_abl
words_used: ["ngamu", "bana", "manil", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 283] source-ABL frame; all anchors attested
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
ngamu-ngku bana mani-ny wawubaja-muny | mother-ERG:pt water.ABS get-PAST river-ABL — ABL source (§5)


english: Dad showed the boomerang to me.
kuku: Nganjanangka wangal milbin ngaykundu.
frame: ditransitive_loc
words_used: ["nganjan", "wangal", "milbil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 271] milbi-l + LOC recipient frame
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
nganjan-angka wangal milbi-ny ngayku-ndu | father-ERG:pt boomerang.ABS show-PAST 1sg-LOC — recipient LOC (§5)


english: Mosquitoes bit the children.
kuku: Kamungku karrkay-karrkay baykan.
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["kamu", "karrkay", "baykal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kamu potent-when-biting (errata, Patz grammar.md:4190)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
kamu-ngku karrkay-karrkay bayka-ny | mosquito-ERG:pt child-REDUP.ABS bite-PAST — potent per Patz 4190 ruling


english: My friends came yesterday.
kuku: Yilayku ngayku jawunkarra kadan.
frame: intransitive_kin_plural
words_used: ["yilayku", "jawun", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jawun-karra attested §3.2.3.5(ii); temporal initial
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
yilayku ngayku jawun-karra kada-ny | yesterday 1sg.POSS friend-KPL.ABS come-PAST — kinship plural -karra (§7)


english: This food tastes good.
kuku: Yanyu mayi ngulkurr nukaji.
frame: passive_agentless
words_used: ["mayi", "ngulkurr", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 361] verbatim (Nyungkul yanya adjusted to Yalanji yanyu)
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
yanyu mayi ngulkurr nuka-ji-y | this.ABS food.ABS good eat-ITR-NONPAST — 'good to eat' passive (§10c)


english: The man's dog bit me.
kuku: Dingkarandamundu kayangka nganya baykan.
frame: transitive_poss_agreement
words_used: ["dingkar", "kaya", "baykal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 515] verbatim frame 'Dingkar-andamun-du yaba-ngka'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-andamun-du kaya-ngka nganya bayka-ny | man-POSS-ERG(neutral) dog-ERG:pt 1sg.ACC bite-PAST — POSS agreement re-probe (pitfall 19)


english: If you see the snake, tell me!
kuku: Kaki yundu jarba nyajil, ngaykundu balka!
frame: conditional_imperative
words_used: ["kaki", "jarba", "nyajil", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 393] kaki frame; addressee LOC pitfall 13
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
kaki yundu jarba nyaji-l, ngayku-ndu balka-∅ | if 2sg.NOM snake.ABS see-NONPAST 1sg-LOC tell-IMP — kaki conditional + LOC addressee (pitfall 13)


english: The women went to the river to wash clothes.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbu wawubajanga dungan, kambi julurrinka.
frame: purposive
words_used: ["jalbu", "wawubaja", "dungay", "kambi", "julurril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 406] frame verbatim; [A 494] kambi julurri- collocation
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu wawubaja-nga dunga-ny, kambi julurri-nka | woman-REDUP.ABS river-LOC go-PAST clothes.ABS wash-PURP


english: Mum told the children to wash their hands.
kuku: Ngamungku karrkay-karrkay balkan, mara julurrijinka.
frame: jussive_purposive
words_used: ["ngamu", "karrkay", "balkal", "mara", "julurril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 415] jussive frame; [A 447] mara julurriji collocation
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
ngamu-ngku karrkay-karrkay balka-ny, mara julurri-ji-nka | mother-ERG:pt child-REDUP.ABS tell-PAST hand.ABS wash-REFL-PURP — jussive (pitfall 13 licensed)


english: The old man can't hear.
kuku: Mukul dingkar murruji milkabu nyajil.
frame: murruji_finite
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "milka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: milka-janay dict 'listen'; murruji finite-verb rule (batch-002 lesson)
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
mukul dingkar murruji milka-bu nyaji-l | old man.ABS cannot ear-INST perceive-NONPAST — 'cannot hear'; murruji + finite (E-011)


english: The rain made the road wet.
kuku: Kababu baral duna-bungan.
frame: causative_neutral_erg
words_used: ["kaba", "baral", "duna"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 241] 'mili-bu waju-ny' inanimate neutral-ERG cause; duna-bungal productive per §10c; PROBE
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
kaba-bu baral duna-bunga-ny | rain-ERG(neutral) road.ABS wet-CAUS-PAST — inanimate natural cause = neutral ERG (§4, [A 238-241])


english: The children went to the river. They swam. They came back home.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay wawubajanga dungan. Jana marijin. Jana bayanba kadan baja.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "wawubaja", "dungay", "mariji", "bayan", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: all clauses on attested anchors; topic continuity per Ch5 discourse
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay wawubaja-nga dunga-ny. jana mariji-ny. jana bayan-ba kada-ny-baja | child-REDUP.ABS river-LOC go-PAST. 3pl.NOM swim-PAST. 3pl.NOM home-LOC come-PAST-again — 3-sentence micro-narrative, jana topic chain (§Ch5)


english: Granny lit the fire. She cooked fish. Everyone ate.
kuku: Babingka baya wayjun. Nyulu kuyu wayjun. Jana wubulku nukan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "baya", "wayjul", "kuyu", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 424] VERBATIM 'baya waju-l' light a fire; elder 'wubulku'; surface wayju- per dict
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:32:22.866670+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:34:52.933127+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka baya waju-ny. nyulu kuyu waju-ny. jana wubul-ku nuka-ny | granny-ERG:pt fire.ABS burn-PAST. 3sg.NOM fish.ABS cook-PAST. 3pl.NOM all-EMPH eat-PAST — micro-narrative; waju-l covers light/cook


english: If it rains, the women will stay in the house.
kuku: Kaki kaba kaday, jalbu-jalbu bayanba bundanday.
frame: conditional_kaki
words_used: ["kaki", "kaba", "kaday", "jalbu", "bayan", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 393] kaki; bundanday 'stay' §2.5.3
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
kaki kaba kada-y, jalbu-jalbu bayan-ba bundanda-y | if rain come-NONPAST, woman-REDUP house-LOC stay-NONPAST


english: The old man taught the young fellows to make spears.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka warru-warru binal-bungan, kalka balkanka.
frame: jussive_purposive
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "warru", "binal", "kalka", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 255] teach; [A 589] 'kalka balka-nka' VERBATIM; NP agreement [A 327]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka warru-warru binal-bunga-ny, kalka balka-nka | old-ERG:pt man-ERG:pt young.man-REDUP.ABS teach-PAST spear.ABS make-PURP — NP agreement + jussive


english: Yesterday we went to the sea and got a lot of fish.
kuku: Yilayku ngana jalunbu dungan, kuyu wubul manin.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["yilayku", "jalun", "dungay", "kuyu", "wubul", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 382] chain coordination pattern
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
yilayku ngana jalun-bu dunga-ny, kuyu wubul mani-ny | yesterday 1pl.inc sea-LOC go-PAST fish.ABS many get-PAST — juxtaposed clause chain


english: The old women cooked food and everyone ate.
kuku: Kamba-kambangka mayi wayjun, jana wubulku nukan.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kamba", "mayi", "wayjul", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: redup+ERG (maral-maral-angka); elder wubulku
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
kamba-kamba-ngka mayi waju-ny, jana wubul-ku nuka-ny | old.woman-REDUP-ERG:pt food cook-PAST 3pl all-EMPH eat-PAST


english: He got sick from the bad meat.
kuku: Nyulu bambayman minyamuny buyunmuny.
frame: inchoative_abl
words_used: ["bambay", "minya", "buyun"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 285] VERBATIM 'minya-muny buyun-muny'; bambay-ma-ny attested
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
nyulu bambay-ma-ny minya-muny buyun-muny | 3sg.NOM sick-INCHO-PAST meat-ABL bad-ABL — ABL cause + NP agreement


english: The woman made a dilly bag and they put the food in it.
kuku: Jalbungku balji balkan, jana mayi mumban baljinga.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["jalbu", "balji", "balkal", "mayi", "mumbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 579] 'mumba-ny balji-nga' VERBATIM; [A 5167] balji balka- attested
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-ngku balji balka-ny, jana mayi mumba-ny balji-nga | woman-ERG bag make-PAST 3pl food put.in-PAST bag-LOC


english: We're going for food — we're hungry.
kuku: Ngana mayika dungay, ngana dakwuy.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["mayi", "dungay", "dakwuy"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 254] DAT purpose; [A 401] 'Dakuy' juxtaposed
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
ngana mayi-ka dunga-y, ngana dakwuy | 1pl.inc food-DAT go-NONPAST 1pl.inc hungry — purpose DAT + verbless chain


english: Don't sit there — there's a snake!
kuku: Kari yinyay bunday — jarba yinyay!
frame: imperative_neg_chain
words_used: ["bunday", "jarba"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kari+IMP; [A 297] locword predicate
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
kari yinyay bunda-y, jarba yinyay | NEG there sit-IMP snake.ABS there — prohibitive + verbless warning


english: I saw him yesterday — he was very sick.
kuku: Ngayu nyunguny nyajin yilayku, nyulu bambay bajaku.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["nyajil", "yilayku", "bambay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: pron ACC; bambay-baja-ku attested [A 2146-area]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
ngayu nyunguny nyaji-ny yilayku, nyulu bambay-baja-ku | 1sg.NOM 3sg.ACC see-PAST yesterday 3sg sick-very


english: The girl is carrying the baby and Mum is cooking food.
kuku: Maralangka ngawa jarra-kulbal, ngamungku mayi wayjul.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["maral", "ngawa", "ngamu", "mayi", "wayjul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 439] jarrakulbal (errata addition); parallel clauses
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:18:09.621743+00:00
analysis:
maral-angka ngawa jarrakulba-l, ngamu-ngku mayi waju-l | girl-ERG baby carry-NONPAST mother-ERG food cook-NONPAST


english: The two young men went out with spears to spear a turtle.
kuku: Bula warru kalkaji dungan, ngawiya damanka.
frame: purposive_comit
words_used: ["warru", "kalka", "dungay", "ngawiya", "damal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 551] kalka-ji dungay; [A 406] purposive
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
bula warru kalka-ji dunga-ny, ngawiya dama-nka | 3du young.man spear-COMIT go-PAST turtle spear-PURP


english: I heard the baby crying.
kuku: Ngayu ngawa nyajin, banbadinya.
frame: perception_sub
words_used: ["ngawa", "nyajil", "badi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 460] 'kuni-ny wanarri-nya' frame; banbadiy §2.5.3
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
ngayu ngawa nyaji-ny, banbadi-nya | 1sg.NOM baby perceive-PAST cry.REDUP-SUB — perception + simultaneous -nyV


english: The old man had a dream.
kuku: Bijarr kadan mukul dingkaranda.
frame: dream_idiom
words_used: ["bijarr", "kaday", "mukul", "dingkar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Text 36 'Bijarr kada-ny' VERBATIM; recipient-experiencer LOC
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
bijarr kada-ny mukul dingkar-anda | dream.ABS come-PAST old man-LOC:pt — 'a dream came to X' (Text 36 idiom)


english: That house is big and this one is small.
kuku: Yinya bayan yalbay, yanyu bayan karrkay.
frame: verbless_contrast
words_used: ["bayan", "yalbay", "karrkay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: karrkay ADJ 'small' (dict) with inanimate head; parallel clauses
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
yinya bayan yalbay, yanyu bayan karrkay | that house big, this house small — parallel verbless contrast


english: We want fish, not meat.
kuku: Ngana kuyuku wawu, minyaka wawu-kari.
frame: wawu_contrast
words_used: ["kuyu", "wawu", "minya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 256] wawu+DAT; wawu-kari §3.9.1
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
ngana kuyu-ku wawu, minya-ka wawu-kari | 1pl.inc fish-DAT want meat-DAT want-PRIV — parallel wawu clauses


english: At dawn Dad got up. He went to the sea. He caught a lot of fish and came back home.
kuku: Muduwajuny nganjan wandin. Nyulu jalunbu dungan. Nyulu kuyu wubul manin, bayanba kadan baja.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["muduwajuny", "nganjan", "wandil", "jalun", "dungay", "kuyu", "wubul", "manil", "bayan", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: all clauses on attested anchors; muduwajuny (batch-003 ruling); topic chain
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
muduwaju-ny nganjan wandi-ny. nyulu jalun-bu dunga-ny. nyulu kuyu wubul mani-ny, bayan-ba kada-ny-baja | dawn father rise-PAST. 3sg sea-LOC go-PAST. 3sg fish many get-PAST home-LOC come-PAST-again


english: The old women sat inside. They told stories and the children listened.
kuku: Kamba-kamba kananga bundandan. Jana kuku balkan, karrkay-karrkay milka-janan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kamba", "kana", "bunday", "kuku", "balkal", "karrkay", "milka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kana-nga (batch-003 fix); milka-janay dict 'listen'; elder 'jananga kuku' story-telling
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
kamba-kamba kana-nga bundanda-ny. jana kuku balka-ny, karrkay-karrkay milka-jana-ny | old.woman-REDUP inside-LOC stay-PAST. 3pl word/story tell-PAST child-REDUP ear-stand-PAST(=listened)


english: A snake came into the camp. The women shouted. The old man killed it with a stick.
kuku: Jarba bayanba kadan. Jalbu-jalbu yirrkarin. Mukulungku dingkarangka jarba kunin jukubu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jarba", "bayan", "kaday", "jalbu", "yirrkay", "mukul", "dingkar", "kunil", "juku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: -ri- licensed by redup subject; [A 242] INST after V; NP agreement
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:38:11.048781+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:39:05.175422+00:00
analysis:
jarba bayan-ba kada-ny. jalbu-jalbu yirrka-ri-ny. mukul-ungku dingkar-angka jarba kuni-ny juku-bu | snake camp-LOC come-PAST. woman-REDUP shout-PLS-PAST. old-ERG man-ERG snake kill-PAST stick-INST


english: In the morning the children played in the water.
kuku: Wunkuwingku karrkay-karrkay bananga kinkan.
analysis: wunkuwingku karrkay-karrkay bana-nga kinka-ny | morning child-REDUP water-LOC play-PAST
frame: intransitive_loc_past
words_used: ["wunkuwingku", "karrkay", "bana", "kinkay"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:42:08.475131+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
evidence:
kinka-ny past; wunkuwingku dict temporal; English 'all morning'→'in the morning' sense (temporal setting)


english: The thunderstorm struck the cow.
kuku: Jarramalingka bulki dalbarrin.
frame: transitive_potent_force
words_used: ["jarramali", "bulki", "dalbarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 504] VERBATIM 'Jarramali-ngka bulki dalbarri-ny'; bulki+dalbarril errata additions
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:42:08.475131+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
analysis:
jarramali-ngka bulki dalbarri-ny | thunderstorm-ERG:pt cow.ABS strike-PAST — natural force as POTENT agent


english: The old woman's eyes are no good.
kuku: Wulbumanamu miyil nganjay.
frame: verbless_poss_adj
words_used: ["wulbuman", "miyil", "nganjay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: POSS -Vmu with zero-inflected head (§7); [A 307] nganjay
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:42:08.475131+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-amu miyil nganjay | old.woman-POSS eye.ABS no.good — POSS with ABS head (licensed bare -amu)


english: The girls carried water from the river.
kuku: Maral-maralangka bana wundin wawubajamuny.
frame: transitive_abl
words_used: ["maral", "bana", "wundil", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: maral-maral-angka attested §3.2.3.5
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:42:08.475131+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
analysis:
maral-maral-angka bana wundi-ny wawubaja-muny | girl-REDUP-ERG water bring-PAST river-ABL — SELF-CHECK spelling at review


english: The crab nipped my foot.
kuku: Ngalngalangka ngayku jina baykan.
analysis: ngalngal-angka ngayku jina bayka-ny | sand.crab-ERG:pt 1sg.POSS foot bite-PAST
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["ngalngal", "jina", "baykal"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
evidence:
ngalngal dict 'sand crab' ([A] nganjan-anji 'with sand crab' potent DAT... class probe); -dV else allomorph


english: Speak properly — I'm learning.
kuku: Balka ngulkurrku — ngayu binalmal.
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["balkal", "ngulkurr", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 591] 'Ngayu binalmal kukuku' VERBATIM base; E-004: 'slowly' rendered as ngulkurrku (review)
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
analysis:
balka-∅ ngulkurr-ku, ngayu binal-ma-l | speak-IMP good-ADV 1sg learn-NONPAST — 'slowly'→'properly' rendering


english: The dog keeps scratching itself.
kuku: Kaya yirrban-yirrbaji.
frame: reflexive
words_used: ["kaya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yirrba-l 'scratch' [A 338] — surface yirrbaji per E-017; FIX at review
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
analysis:
kaya yirrba-n-yirrba-ji-y | dog scratch-REDUP-REFL-NONPAST — [A 338] verbatim; E-017 surface; yirrbal dict


english: Wash the clothes and put them in the sun!
kuku: Kambi julurrika, wungara yijarrika!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["kambi", "julurril", "wungar", "walngkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: julurri-ka [A]; walngkal §10a listed INTRANSITIVE — review!
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:17:07.627624+00:00
analysis:
kambi julurri-ka, wungar-a yijarri-ka | clothes wash-IMP sun-LOC put-IMP — [A 153-154] verbatim IMPs


english: I left the knife behind!
kuku: Ngayu naybu bawan!
analysis: ngayu naybu bawa-ny | 1sg knife leave-PAST — 'forgot'→'left behind' rendering
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["naybu", "bawal"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
evidence:
bawa-l 'leave' ([A] bawa-nyaku attested; elder 'jananin bawanka') — 'forgot' as 'left' (fidelity note)


english: It rained all night and the river came up.
kuku: Kaba kadan, wawubaja yalbayman.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kaba", "kaday", "wawubaja", "yalbay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yalbay-mal 'grow' §10c; E-004 trim
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
analysis:
kaba kada-ny, wawubaja yalbay-ma-ny | rain come-PAST river big-INCHO-PAST — 'all night' trimmed (E-004); 'came up'='grew'


english: The old man dreamed about his country.
kuku: Mukul dingkar bijarr nyajin bubuku.
frame: dream_idiom
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "bijarr", "nyajil", "bubu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bijarr+nyajil; topic DAT [A 264] — PROBE
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
analysis:
mukul dingkar bijarr nyaji-ny bubu-ku | old man dream see-PAST country-DAT — 'dreamed of' = saw a dream about


english: The girls laughed at the dog.
kuku: Maral-maralangka kaya yajarrin.
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["maral", "kaya", "yajarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yajarril dict tr 'laugh (at)'
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
analysis:
maral-maral-angka kaya yajarri-ny | girl-REDUP-ERG dog laugh.at-PAST — SELF-CHECK spelling at review


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: all anchors attested
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
english:
Three-sentence: The women went digging for yams. The children played by the river. In the late afternoon everyone came back to camp.

kuku:
Jalbu-jalbu dungan, wukay bakanka. Karrkay-karrkay wawubajanga kinkan. Yilay-yilay jana wubulku bayanba kadan baja.

analysis:
jalbu-jalbu dunga-ny, wukay baka-nka. karrkay-karrkay wawubaja-nga kinka-ny. yilay-yilay jana wubul-ku bayan-ba kada-ny-baja | 3-sentence micro-narrative

words_used:
["jalbu", "dungay", "wukay", "bakal", "karrkay", "wawubaja", "kinkay", "yilay-yilay", "bayan", "kaday"]


english: Three-sentence: The storm came at night. Lightning struck a tree. In the morning the tree was down.
kuku: Jarramali kadan kunarangkal. Balbaynja juku dalbarrin. Wunkuwingku juku bada-bada.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jarramali", "kunarangkal", "balbay", "juku", "dalbarril", "wunkuwingku"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
analysis:
jarramali kada-ny kunarangkal. balbay-nja juku dalbarri-ny. wunkuwingku juku badabada | storm come-PAST midnight. lightning-ERG(neutral -njV/y-) tree strike-PAST. morning tree down.there

evidence:
balbay-nja neutral ERG y-final -njV attested (§3.2.1 'balbay-nja' VERBATIM anchor); [A 504] dalbarril


kuku: Kalngangka kuyu yalbay daman. Babingka wayjun kurrmanga. Jana wubulku ngulkurrku nukan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kalnga", "kuyu", "yalbay", "damal", "babi", "wayjul", "kurrma", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kalnga-ngka attested [A 502]; O-ellipsis clause 2 (Ch5); 'that evening' trimmed E-004
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:43:48.564644+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:46:24.124111+00:00
english:
Three-sentence: Uncle speared a big fish. Granny cooked it in the earth oven. Everyone ate well that evening.

analysis:
kalnga-ngka kuyu yalbay dama-ny. babi-ngka waju-ny kurrma-nga. jana wubul-ku ngulkurr-ku nuka-ny | uncle-ERG fish big spear-PAST. granny-ERG cook-PAST oven-LOC. 3pl all-EMPH good-ADV eat-PAST


kuku: Nganjan kalnganji dungan, minyaka. Bula madjanga kadar daman. Babingka wayjun kurrmanga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["nganjan", "kalnga", "dungay", "minya", "madja", "kadar", "damal", "babi", "wayjul", "kurrma"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 547] COMIT:pt; [A 254] DAT purpose; O-ellipsis Ch5
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
english:
Dad went hunting with uncle. They speared a wallaby in the scrub. Granny cooked it in the earth oven.

analysis:
nganjan kalnga-nji dunga-ny minya-ka. bula madja-nga kadar dama-ny. babi-ngka waju-ny kurrma-nga | father MB-COMIT:pt go-PAST meat-DAT. 3du scrub-LOC wallaby spear-PAST. granny-ERG cook-PAST oven-LOC


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wunkuwingku", "maral", "wawubaja", "dungay", "kambi", "julurril", "kaday", "wungar", "yijarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 494]; -da 'then' TEMP1 on final verb ([A] nukanda pattern)
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:17:07.627624+00:00
english:
In the morning the girls went to the river. They washed the clothes. Then they came back and put them in the sun.

kuku:
Wunkuwingku maral-maral wawubajanga dungan. Jana kambi julurrin. Jana kadan baja, kambi wungara yijarrinda.

analysis:
wunkuwingku maral-maral wawubaja-nga dunga-ny. jana kambi julurri-ny. jana kada-ny-baja, kambi wungar-a yijarri-ny-da | morning girl-REDUP river-LOC go-PAST. 3pl clothes wash-PAST. 3pl come-PAST-again clothes sun-LOC put-PAST-then


english: The boys found honey in a tree. They got it down and ate it all.
kuku: Dabalangka wunba nyajin jukungu. Jana manin, nukanyarrku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dabal", "wunba", "nyajil", "juku", "manil", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 211] -ny-arrku 'did totally' (julurri-ny-arrku verbatim pattern)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
dabal-angka wunba nyaji-ny juku-ngu. jana mani-ny, nuka-ny-arrku | boys-ERG honey see-PAST tree-LOC. 3pl get-PAST eat-PAST-TOTAL


english: The storm came at night. Everyone stayed inside the house. In the morning the sun came out again.
kuku: Jarramali kadan kunarangkal. Jana wubulku kananga bundandan. Wunkuwingku wungar wandin baja.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jarramali", "kunarangkal", "kana", "bunday", "wunkuwingku", "wungar", "wandil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: all anchors attested; baja separate
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
jarramali kada-ny kunarangkal. jana wubul-ku kana-nga bundanda-ny. wunkuwingku wungar wandi-ny-baja | storm come-PAST midnight. 3pl all inside-LOC stay-PAST. morning sun rise-PAST-again


english: They came, caught fish, cooked them and then ate.
kuku: Jana kadan, kuyu manin, wajun, nukanda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kaday", "kuyu", "manil", "wayjul", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A §3.10.1] VERBATIM 'Jana kadany, kuyu maniny, wajuny, nukanyda'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
jana kada-ny, kuyu mani-ny, waju-ny, nuka-ny-da | 3pl come-PAST fish get-PAST cook-PAST eat-PAST-then — the attested 4-verb chain


english: The old man sat by the fire and told stories all night.
kuku: Mukul dingkar bayanga bundandan, kuku balkan.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "baya", "bunday", "kuku", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: anchors attested; E-004 trim
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
mukul dingkar baya-nga bundanda-ny, kuku balka-ny | old man fire-LOC stay-PAST story tell-PAST — 'all night' trimmed (E-004)


english: The dog chased the possum. The possum climbed the tree.
kuku: Kayangka yawa kangan. Yawa jukungu dakan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaya", "yawa", "kangal", "juku", "dakal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 476] juku-ngu daka-; topic shift
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
kaya-ngka yawa kanga-ny. yawa juku-ngu daka-ny | dog-ERG possum chase-PAST. possum tree-LOC climb-PAST


english: The women dug yams and gathered fruit. In the late afternoon they carried it all back to camp.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbungku wukay bakan, mayi bangkan. Yilay-yilay jana bayanba wundinyarrku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalbu", "wukay", "bakal", "mayi", "bangkal", "yilay-yilay", "bayan", "wundil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 211] -nyarrku; chains
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu-ngku wukay baka-ny, mayi bangka-ny. yilay-yilay jana bayan-ba wundi-ny-arrku | woman-REDUP-ERG yam dig-PAST fruit gather-PAST. afternoon 3pl camp-LOC bring-PAST-TOTAL


english: Wait — the meat is still cooking.
kuku: Maku-janay — minya dindan-dindaji.
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["maku-janay", "minya", "dindal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 358] verbatim base; redup = ongoing
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
maku-jana-y, minya dinda-n-dinda-ji-y | wait-IMP meat roast-REDUP-ITR-NONPAST — 'still' via progressive redup


english: The fish is cooked — come and eat!
kuku: Kuyu wajujin — kaday, nuka!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["kuyu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: resolve at review: 'is cooked' passive
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
kuyu waju-ji-ny, kada-y, nuka-∅ | fish cook-ITR-PAST come-IMP eat-IMP — [A 363] 'Marra munja-ji-ny' parallel


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kami", "karrkay", "wundil", "wawubaja", "mariji", "bana", "kinkay", "wawu", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 218] 'wawu kada-nka-baja' VERBATIM base (want to come back); negated
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
english:
Grandad took the children to the river. They swam and played in the water. Nobody wanted to come home.

kuku:
Kamingka karrkay-karrkay wundin wawubajanga. Jana marijin, bananga kinkan. Jana wawu-kari kadanka baja.

analysis:
kami-ngka karrkay-karrkay wundi-ny wawubaja-nga. jana mariji-ny, bana-nga kinka-ny. jana wawu-kari kada-nka-baja | grandad-ERG child-REDUP take-PAST river-LOC. 3pl swim-PAST water-LOC play-PAST. 3pl want-PRIV come-PURP-again


english: Auntie is teaching the girls to weave dilly bags.
kuku: Bimayngka maral-maral binal-bungal, balji wukurrinka.
frame: jussive_purposive
words_used: ["bimay", "maral", "binal", "balji", "wukurril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 255]+[A 585] frames
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
bimay-ngka maral-maral binal-bunga-l, balji wukurri-nka | FZ-ERG girl-REDUP teach-NONPAST bag weave-PURP


english: The snake bit the dog on the nose.
kuku: Jarbangka kaya bujil baykan.
frame: transitive_bodypart
words_used: ["kaya", "bujil", "baykal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: inalienable part [A 520-521] 'girl-LOC foot-LOC' frame — verify
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T08:03:59.893077+00:00
analysis:
jarba-ngka kaya bujil bayka-ny | snake-ERG:pt dog.ABS nose.ABS bite-PAST — [A 520] frame; bujil stub-fill 'nose'


english: The horse is drinking at the river; the dogs are lying in the shade.
kuku: Yarraman bana nukal wawubajanga; kaya-kaya wabarrba wunanay.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["yarraman", "bana", "nukal", "wawubaja", "kaya", "wabarr", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wabarr dict 'shade'; parallel clauses
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
yarraman bana nuka-l wawubaja-nga; kaya-kaya wabarr-ba wunana-y | horse water drink-NONPAST river-LOC; dog-REDUP shade-LOC lie.REDUP-NONPAST


english: The children got frightened and ran home.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay yinilmarin, bayanba warrin.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["karrkay", "yinil", "bayan", "warri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 006.12 precedent; chain
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay yinil-ma-ri-ny, bayan-ba warri-ny | child-REDUP afraid-INCHO-PLS-PAST home-LOC run-PAST


english: Big brother speared two fish; little brother got none.
kuku: Yabangka kuyu jambul daman; yabajungku yamba-kari manin.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["yaba", "kuyu", "jambul", "damal", "yabaju", "yamba-kari", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: parallel contrast; yabaju-ngku u-harmony
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
yaba-ngka kuyu jambul dama-ny; yabaju-ngku yamba-kari mani-ny | eB-ERG fish two spear-PAST; yB-ERG nothing get-PAST


english: The children are learning the language at school.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay kukuku binalmal schoolmunbu.
frame: inchoative_loan_loc
words_used: ["karrkay", "kuku", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 591]; school-mun-bu attested — review harmony
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay kuku-ku binal-ma-l school-mun-bu | child-REDUP language-DAT learn-NONPAST school-mun-LOC — [A 591] + school-mun-bu VERBATIM


english: Granny's dog followed us to the river.
kuku: Babindamundu kayangka nganangan wukurrin wawubajanga.
frame: transitive_poss
words_used: ["babi", "kaya", "wukurril", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: POSS-ERG agreement [A 515]; ACC 1pl.inc = nganangan (Y) — review
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
babi-ndamun-du kaya-ngka nganangan wukurri-ny wawubaja-nga | granny-POSS-ERG dog-ERG:pt 1pl.inc.ACC follow-PAST river-LOC — [A 515] agreement


english: The rain made us wet.
kuku: Kababu nganangan duna-bungan.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kaba", "baya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kunbal 'extinguish'? GREP at review
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
kaba-bu nganangan duna-bunga-ny | rain-ERG(neutral) 1pl.inc.ACC wet-CAUS-PAST — [A 241] inanimate neutral cause


english: The men built a shelter before the rain came.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkarangka bayan balkan, kaba kadanyjiku.
frame: successive
words_used: ["dingkar", "bayan", "balkal", "kaba", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 455] no-common-NP SUCC; balkal 'make'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka bayan balka-ny, kaba kada-nyjiku | man-REDUP-ERG shelter make-PAST rain come-SUCC


english: We looked for the dog everywhere but couldn't find it.
kuku: Ngana kayanda nubi-nubijin, kari nyajin.
frame: antipassive_chain
words_used: ["kaya", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 368] 'nubi-nubi-ji-y' VERBATIM searching-around; O→? review case
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:49:33.734387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
ngana kaya-nda nubi-nubi-ji-ny, kari nyaji-ny | 1pl.inc dog-LOC:pt search-REDUP-ITR-PAST NEG see-PAST — [A 368] VERBATIM base; nubil dict 'seek'


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wunkuwingku", "jalbu", "dungay", "bulkiji", "bangkal", "jukar", "wayjul", "baya", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: chain + [A §3.10.1 nukanyda] close
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
english:
The women went out in the morning. They gathered pipis on the sand. Then they cooked them on the fire and everyone ate.

kuku:
Wunkuwingku jalbu-jalbu dungan. Jana bulkiji bangkan jukara. Jana wayjun bayanga, jana wubulku nukanda.

analysis:
wunkuwingku jalbu-jalbu dunga-ny. jana bulkiji bangka-ny jukar-a. jana waju-ny baya-nga, jana wubul-ku nuka-ny-da | 4-clause micro with -da close (surface ny+da → nda)


english: Little brother fell in the mud. Mum washed him in the river.
kuku: Yabaju kambal-kambalba daran. Ngamungku nyunguny julurrin wawubajanga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["yabaju", "kambal-kambal", "daray", "ngamu", "julurril", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: anchors; ACC nyunguny
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
yabaju kambal-kambal-ba dara-ny. ngamu-ngku nyunguny julurri-ny wawubaja-nga | yB mud-LOC fall-PAST. mother-ERG 3sg.ACC wash-PAST river-LOC


english: The dogs smelled the meat and came running.
kuku: Kaya-kayangka minya nyajin, warrin kadan.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kaya", "minya", "nyajil", "warri", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nyajil perception; serial motion in texts
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
kaya-kaya-ngka minya nyaji-ny, warri-ny kada-ny | dog-REDUP-ERG meat perceive-PAST run-PAST come-PAST


english: The kids chased the chickens around the camp.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka jukijuki kangan bayanba.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["karrkay", "jukijuki", "kangal", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: anchors
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:55:11.529814+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka jukijuki kanga-ny bayan-ba | child-REDUP-ERG:pt chicken.ABS chase-PAST camp-LOC


english: Put the billycan on the fire — we'll drink tea.
kuku: Jungkalu yijarrika bayanga — ngana diyi nukal.
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["jungkalu", "yijarril", "baya", "diyi", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 153] yijarri-ka VERBATIM; nuka-l l-conj
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
jungkalu yijarri-ka baya-nga, ngana diyi nuka-l | billycan put-IMP(-ka >2σ) fire-LOC 1pl.inc tea drink-NONPAST


english: The old people showed us the good water.
kuku: Kamba-kambangka bana ngulkurr milbin ngananda.
frame: ditransitive_loc
words_used: ["kamba", "bana", "ngulkurr", "milbil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 271]; ngananda Table 3.6 LOC
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
kamba-kamba-ngka bana ngulkurr milbi-ny ngana-nda | elder-REDUP-ERG water good show-PAST 1pl.inc-LOC — recipient LOC pronoun


english: Big sister is looking after the little ones today.
kuku: Nyiku babarrda ngawa-ngawa kujil.
frame: transitive_kin_neutral
words_used: ["babarr", "ngawa", "kujil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: §3.2.4 neutral kin (kangkal-da parallel); balarr-da rr-allomorph
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
nyiku babarr-da ngawa-ngawa kuji-l | today eZ-ERG(NEUTRAL kin, -dV after rr) baby-REDUP mind-NONPAST


english: The wallaby heard us and ran into the scrub.
kuku: Kadarangka nganjinan nyajin, madjanga warrin.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kadar", "nyajil", "madja", "warri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: mid-animacy potent choice §4; nganjinan Table 3.6
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
kadar-angka nganjinan nyaji-ny, madja-nga warri-ny | wallaby-ERG:pt(perceiver=agency) 1pl.exc.ACC perceive-PAST scrub-LOC run-PAST


english: Father speared the fish; mother cooked it; the children ate it.
kuku: Nganjanangka kuyu daman; ngamungku wayjun; karrkay-karrkayangka nukan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["nganjan", "kuyu", "damal", "ngamu", "wayjul", "karrkay", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: O-ellipsis Ch5
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
nganjan-angka kuyu dama-ny; ngamu-ngku waju-ny; karrkay-karrkay-angka nuka-ny | 3-clause O-ellipsis chain


english: Mum made new clothes for the baby.
kuku: Ngamungku kambi jirakal balkan ngawanka.
frame: transitive_dat_benef
words_used: ["ngamu", "kambi", "jirakal", "balkal", "ngawa"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 253] beneficiary DAT; ngawa-nka attested [A 258]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
ngamu-ngku kambi jirakal balka-ny ngawa-nka | mother-ERG clothes new make-PAST baby-DAT:pt — beneficiary


english: The sun went down. The old people told stories and the children fell asleep listening.
kuku: Wungar dungan. Kamba-kambangka kuku balkan, karrkay-karrkay warngku wunan, milka-jananya.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "dungay", "kamba", "kuku", "balkal", "karrkay", "warngku", "wunay", "milka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: simultaneous SUB close; trims E-004
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:05.328260+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T00:54:55.316496+00:00
analysis:
wungar dunga-ny. kamba-kamba-ngka kuku balka-ny, karrkay-karrkay warngku wuna-ny, milka-jana-nya | sun go-PAST. elder-REDUP-ERG story tell-PAST child-REDUP sleep-PAST listen-SUB


english: We got mullet and perch with the fishing line.
kuku: Ngana ngalkun bayil manin badurubu.
frame: transitive_inst
words_used: ["ngalkun", "bayil", "manil", "badur"]
loans_used: []
evidence: badur-ubu attested anchor §3.2.1
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:00:48.063137+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
ngana ngalkun bayil mani-ny badur-ubu | 1pl.inc mullet perch get-PAST line-INST — Patz badur-ubu VERBATIM


english: Big brother went fishing with a hook and line. He sat on the rock all day. He caught nothing.
kuku: Yaba dungan baduriji. Nyulu kuljinga bundandan. Nyulu yamba-kari manin.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["yaba", "dungay", "badur", "kulji", "bunday", "yamba-kari", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: Table 3.3
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:00:48.063137+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
yaba dunga-ny badur-iji. nyulu kulji-nga bundanda-ny. nyulu yamba-kari mani-ny | COMIT -iji/r-; 'all day' trimmed


english: Grandad woke up at dawn. He lit the fire and boiled the billycan. Granny was still sleeping.
kuku: Muduwajuny kami wandin. Nyulu baya wajun, jungkalu wayjunda. Babi warngku wunanay.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["muduwajuny", "kami", "wandil", "baya", "wayjul", "jungkalu", "babi", "warngku", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 'still' via REDUP progressive; -da chain
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
muduwaju-ny kami wandi-ny. nyulu baya waju-ny, jungkalu waju-ny-da. babi warngku wunana-y | dawn grandad rise-PAST. 3sg fire burn-PAST billycan cook-PAST-then. granny sleep lie.REDUP-NONPAST(still)


english: The children took the dog down to the river. The dog jumped in the water. Everyone got wet.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka kaya wundin bada wawubajanga. Kaya bananga jalaman. Jana wubulku dunamarin.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "kaya", "wundil", "wawubaja", "bana", "jalamal", "duna"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INCHO+PLS (006.12 pattern)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka kaya wundi-ny bada wawubaja-nga. kaya bana-nga jalama-ny. jana wubul-ku duna-ma-ri-ny | take-PAST down river-LOC. dog water-LOC jump-PAST. 3pl all wet-INCHO-PLS-PAST


english: Auntie found scrub-hen eggs. She cooked them in the ashes. The children ate them all.
kuku: Bimayngka jarruka nyajin. Nyulu wayjun nulungu. Karrkay-karrkayangka nukanyarrku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["bimay", "jarruka", "nyajil", "wayjul", "nulu", "karrkay", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: DB gold 'wayjun nulungu' VERBATIM (ashes-LOC); [A 211] -nyarrku
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
bimay-ngka jarruka nyaji-ny. nyulu waju-ny nulu-ngu. karrkay-karrkay-angka nuka-ny-arrku | FZ-ERG scrub.hen(eggs) find-PAST. 3sg cook-PAST ashes-LOC. child-REDUP-ERG eat-PAST-TOTAL


english: Cover the food — the flies are coming!
kuku: Mayi nanda — kamu-kamu kaday!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["mayi", "nandal", "kamu", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nandal 'close/cover' dict; rendering note
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
mayi nanda-∅, kamu-kamu kada-y | food cover-IMP mosquito-REDUP(=insects) come-NONPAST — 'flies'→'mosquitoes' note


english: Grandad is telling a story about the big water.
kuku: Kamingka kuku balkal banaka yalbayka.
frame: transitive
words_used: ["kami", "kuku", "balkal", "bana"]
loans_used: []
evidence: resolve 'flood'
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.815729+00:00
analysis:
kami-ngka kuku balka-l bana-ka yalbay-ka | grandad-ERG story tell-NONPAST water-DAT big-DAT — topic-DAT NP agreement ([A 264] 'bayan-ka jirakal-ka' VERBATIM pattern)


english: They crossed the river where the water is shallow.
kuku: Jana wawubajanga marijin, bana buban yinyay.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["wawubaja", "mariji", "bana", "buban"]
loans_used: []
evidence: buban 'small amount'; rendering
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
jana wawubaja-nga mariji-ny, bana buban yinyay | 3pl river-LOC cross-PAST water little there — 'shallow'→'little water'


english: The dogs found an echidna under the log.
kuku: Kaya-kayangka ngangkin nyajin, juku bada-bada.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kaya", "ngangkin", "nyajil", "juku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 278] 'badabada juku-ngu' frame adapted
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
kaya-kaya-ngka ngangkin nyaji-ny, juku bada-bada | dog-REDUP-ERG echidna find-PAST log down.under — locword + N ([A 278] frame)


english: Put more wood on the fire — the night will be cold.
kuku: Juku yijarrika bayanga — kunarangkal kiway-kiway.
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["juku", "yijarril", "baya", "kunarangkal", "kiway-kiway"]
loans_used: []
evidence: E-004 trim ('more')
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
juku yijarri-ka baya-nga, kunarangkal kiway-kiway | wood put-IMP fire-LOC midnight cold — 'more' trimmed


english: The old woman dreamed about her mother.
kuku: Wulbuman bijarr nyajin ngamunku.
frame: dream_idiom
words_used: ["wulbuman", "bijarr", "nyajil", "ngamu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 006.89 precedent
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman bijarr nyaji-ny ngamu-nku | old.woman dream see-PAST mother-DAT:pt — dream-of DAT (006.89 pattern)


english: The turkey ran into the scrub and hid in the grass.
kuku: Diwan madjanga warrin, jikanba ngakijinda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["diwan", "madja", "warri", "jikan", "ngakil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 434] jikan-ba; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
diwan madja-nga warri-ny, jikan-ba ngaki-ji-ny-da | turkey scrub-LOC run-PAST grass-LOC hide-REFL-PAST-then


english: The old people taught us the songs.
kuku: Kamba-kambangka nganangan binal-bungan, wulngku badinka.
frame: jussive_purposive
words_used: ["kamba", "binal", "wulngku badi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 255] teach frame; rendering note
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
kamba-kamba-ngka nganangan binal-bunga-ny, wulngku badi-nka | elder-REDUP-ERG 1pl.inc.ACC teach-PAST sing-PURP — 'the songs'→'to sing'


english: Grandad watched the young men making spears.
kuku: Kamingka warru-warru nyajin, kalka balkal-balkanya.
frame: perception_sub
words_used: ["kami", "warru", "nyajil", "kalka", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 458] VERBATIM frame (watched digging)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
kami-ngka warru-warru nyaji-ny, kalka balka-l-balka-nya | grandad-ERG young.men watch-PAST spear make-REDUP-SUB


english: The mud is deep near the swamp — walk around it!
kuku: Kambal-kambal walngkanga ngundu — walku dungay!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["kambal-kambal", "walngka", "ngundu", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: walku §3.8.6.1 'past'; 'deep' trimmed
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
kambal-kambal walngka-nga ngundu, walku dunga-y | mud swamp-LOC close.by, past go-IMP — walku 'past' adverbial particle


english: Grandad's boomerang came back to his hand.
kuku: Kamimu wangal kadan baja nyungu maranga.
frame: intransitive_loc
words_used: ["kami", "wangal", "kaday", "mara"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kadan baja; elder 'maranga' VERBATIM
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
kami-mu wangal kada-ny-baja nyungu mara-nga | grandad-POSS boomerang come-PAST-again 3sg.POSS hand-LOC


english: They waited at the camp until dark.
kuku: Jana bayanba maku-janan, wujurrmanda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["bayan", "maku-janay", "wujurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wujurr-mal productive INCHO; sequence rendering
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
jana bayan-ba maku-jana-ny, wujurr-ma-ny-da | 3pl camp-LOC wait-PAST dark-INCHO-PAST-then — 'until dark'='then it got dark'


english: The young men speared fish at night.
kuku: Warru-warrungku kuyu daman kunarangkal.
frame: transitive_temporal
words_used: ["warru", "kuyu", "damal", "kunarangkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: rendering trim
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:02.858683+00:00
analysis:
warru-warru-ngku kuyu dama-ny kunarangkal | young.men-ERG fish spear-PAST midnight — 'by torchlight'→'at night'


english: The dog slept by the fire all night. At dawn it followed grandad to the river.
kuku: Kaya bayanga warngku wunan. Muduwajuny kamimu jina wukurrin wawubajanga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaya", "baya", "warngku", "wunay", "muduwajuny", "kami", "jina", "wukurril", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 'all night' trimmed; track-following per 008.40
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
kaya baya-nga warngku wuna-ny. muduwaju-ny kami-mu jina wukurri-ny wawubaja-nga | dog fire-LOC sleep-PAST. dawn grandad-POSS track follow-PAST river-LOC — 'followed grandad'→'followed grandad's tracks'


english: The rain stopped. The children ran outside. The whole camp was wet.
kuku: Kaba dungan. Karrkay-karrkay ngalkalba warrin. Bayan dunamanyarrku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaba", "dungay", "karrkay", "ngalkal", "warri", "bayan", "duna"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 211] -ny-arrku; 007.98 kaba-goes
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
analysis:
kaba dunga-ny. karrkay-karrkay ngalkal-ba warri-ny. bayan duna-ma-ny-arrku | rain go-PAST. child-REDUP outside-LOC run-PAST. camp wet-INCHO-PAST-TOTAL


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "damba", "wayjul", "nulu", "karrkay", "nyajil", "warri", "kaday", "dajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: DB gold 'damba wayjun nulungu' VERBATIM; -da + -nyarrku
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:02:36.685319+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:03:37.891834+00:00
english:
Granny cooked damper in the ashes. The children smelled it and came running. She gave them all a piece.

kuku:
Babingka damba wayjun nulungu. Karrkay-karrkayangka nyajin, warrin kadanda. Nyulu jananda dajinyarrku.

analysis:
babi-ngka damba waju-ny nulu-ngu. karrkay-karrkay-angka nyaji-ny, warri-ny kada-ny-da. nyulu jana-nda daji-ny-arrku | granny-ERG damper cook-PAST ashes-LOC. child-REDUP-ERG sense-PAST run-PAST come-PAST-then. 3sg 3pl-LOC give-PAST-TOTAL('gave to all of them')


english: Granny cooked the yams in the hot ashes. They tasted good.
kuku: Babingka wukay wayjun nulungu wumbulngu. Ngulkurr nukajin.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "wukay", "wayjul", "nulu", "wumbul", "ngulkurr", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: DB nulungu; [A 361] nukaji; LOC agreement [A 237-style]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka wukay waju-ny nulu-ngu wumbul-ngu. ngulkurr nuka-ji-ny | granny-ERG yam cook-PAST ashes-LOC hot-LOC. good eat-ITR-PAST — LOC NP agreement


english: Dad chopped wood all morning. Mum kept the fire going. The camp was warm.
kuku: Nganjanangka juku nyandalnyandan. Ngamungku baya wajulwajun. Bayan wumbul.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["nganjan", "juku", "nyandal", "ngamu", "baya", "wayjul", "bayan", "wumbul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: §10c -l- link redup; [A 443] wajul-waju base
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
nganjan-angka juku nyanda-l-nyanda-ny. ngamu-ngku baya waju-l-waju-ny. bayan wumbul | father-ERG wood chop-REDUP-PAST. mother-ERG fire burn-REDUP-PAST. camp warm — 'all morning' via REDUP continuous


english: The old man burned the grass. New shoots came up. The wallabies came to eat them.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka jikan wajun. Jikan jirakal wandin. Kadar-kadar kadan, nukanka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "jikan", "wayjul", "jirakal", "wandil", "kadar", "kaday", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 008.37-38 sequence + PURP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka jikan waju-ny. jikan jirakal wandi-ny. kadar-kadar kada-ny, nuka-nka | old-ERG man-ERG grass burn-PAST. grass new rise-PAST. wallaby-REDUP come-PAST eat-PURP


english: The men speared mullet in the shallow water.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkarangka ngalkun daman bananga bubanba.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["dingkar", "ngalkun", "damal", "bana", "buban"]
loans_used: []
evidence: LOC NP agreement; buban rendering
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka ngalkun dama-ny bana-nga buban-ba | man-REDUP-ERG mullet spear-PAST water-LOC little-LOC — 'shallow'='little' agreement


english: The dog licked the boy's face.
kuku: Kayangka karrkay walu bijan.
frame: transitive_bodypart
words_used: ["kaya", "karrkay", "walu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bija-wa-y attested → bija-l; [A 520] frame — GREP bijal at review
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kaya-ngka karrkay walu bija-ny | dog-ERG child face lick-PAST — whole+part ABS [A 520]; bijal from bija-wa-y [A 332]


english: Grandad is weaving a bag from loya cane.
kuku: Kamingka balji wukurril yibuymuny.
frame: transitive
words_used: ["kami", "wukurril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: resolve vocab
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kami-ngka balji wukurri-l yibuy-muny | grandad-ERG bag weave-NONPAST cane-ABL — yibuy dict + yibuy-ngku anchor


english: Don't eat that fruit — it's poison!
kuku: Kari yinya mayi nuka — buyun bajaku!
frame: imperative_neg_chain
words_used: ["mayi", "nukal", "buyun"]
loans_used: []
evidence: elder story rendering 'poisonous'≈ngulkurr-kari/buyun
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kari yinya mayi nuka-∅, buyun-baja-ku | NEG that fruit eat-IMP bad-very — 'poison'→'very bad' (elder 'ngulkurr-kari' alt)


english: The old people remember the old ways.
kuku: Kamba-kamba binal ngujakuraku.
frame: binal_dat
words_used: ["kamba", "binal", "ngujakura"]
loans_used: []
evidence: elder gold 'ngujakura' VERBATIM ('jananga ngujakura') — GREP dict at review
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kamba-kamba binal ngujakura-ku | elder-REDUP know law/custom-DAT — ngujakura elder-attested 'culture/law'


english: We found turtle eggs and cooked them in the ashes.
kuku: Ngana ngawiyamu diburr nyajin, nulungu wayjunda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["ngawiya", "diburr", "nyajil", "nulu", "wayjul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: POSS -mu; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
ngana ngawiya-mu diburr nyaji-ny, nulu-ngu waju-ny-da | 1pl.inc turtle-POSS egg find-PAST ashes-LOC cook-PAST-then


english: The young men danced until dawn.
kuku: Warru-warru wurin. Muduwajuny jana wunanda.
frame: transitive_dat
words_used: ["warru", "bangkarr", "warrma"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 342] junka- 'paint' — verify form
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
warru-warru wuri-ny. muduwaju-ny jana wuna-ny-da | young.man-REDUP dance-PAST. dawn 3pl lie-PAST-then


english: The women ground the seeds and made damper. Everyone ate by the fire.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbungku diburr nyurrban, damba balkanda. Jana wubulku nukan bayanga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalbu", "diburr", "nyurrbal", "damba", "balkal", "nukal", "baya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: chain + -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu-ngku diburr nyurrba-ny, damba balka-ny-da. jana wubul-ku nuka-ny baya-nga | grind-PAST damper make-PAST-then. all eat-PAST fire-LOC


english: Granny showed the girls how to find yams. They dug there. They put the yams in the dilly bags.
kuku: Babingka maral-maral binal-bungan, wukay nyajinka. Jana bakan yinyay. Jana wukay mumban baljinga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "maral", "binal", "wukay", "bakal", "balji", "jambul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: resolve 'filled'
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:06:03.627640+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka maral-maral binal-bunga-ny, wukay nyaji-nka. jana baka-ny yinyay. jana wukay mumba-ny balji-nga | teach-PAST find-PURP. dig-PAST there. put.in-PAST bag-LOC


english: Grandad wove a big dilly bag from loya cane. It took a long time. Granny filled it with yams.
kuku: Kamingka balji yalbay wukurrin yibuymuny. Babingka wukay mumbanda baljinga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kami", "balji", "yalbay", "wukurril", "yibuy", "babi", "wukay", "mumbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yibuy dict + Patz yibuy-ngku anchor; DB 'balji wukurrin' VERBATIM
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kami-ngka balji yalbay wukurri-ny yibuy-muny. babi-ngka wukay mumba-ny-da balji-nga | grandad-ERG bag big weave-PAST cane-ABL. granny-ERG yam put.in-PAST-then bag-LOC — middle sentence folded


english: The dog licked the baby's face and the baby laughed.
kuku: Kayangka ngawa walu bijan, ngawangka kaya yajarrinda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kaya", "ngawa", "walu", "bijal", "yajarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bijal dict; [A 520] whole+part; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kaya-ngka ngawa walu bija-ny, ngawa-ngka kaya yajarri-ny-da | dog-ERG baby face lick-PAST baby-ERG dog laugh.at-PAST-then


english: The moon rose over the open ground.
kuku: Kija wandin ngunngamuny.
frame: intransitive_abl
words_used: ["kija", "wandil", "ngunnga"]
loans_used: []
evidence: E-004 trim
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kija wandi-ny ngunnga-muny | moon rise-PAST open.place-ABL — second clause trimmed ('white' unverified)


english: My little brother can swim across the big river now.
kuku: Nyiku ngayku yabaju wawubajanga maraji.
frame: intransitive_loc
words_used: ["yabaju", "wawubaja", "maraji"]
loans_used: []
evidence: E-004 trims; E-017
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
nyiku ngayku yabaju wawubaja-nga maraji-y | now 1sg.POSS yB river-LOC swim-NONPAST — 'can/big' trimmed


english: The kids found crab holes in the mud.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka wurru-bulan nyajin kambal-kambalba.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["karrkay", "wurru-bulan", "nyajil", "kambal-kambal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wurru-bulan dict 'crab'
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka wurru-bulan nyaji-ny kambal-kambal-ba | child-REDUP-ERG crab find-PAST mud-LOC — 'holes' folded


english: We cooked the crabs in the ashes and shared them around.
kuku: Ngana wurru-bulan wayjun nulungu, dajin jananda wubulku.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["wurru-bulan", "wayjul", "nulu", "dajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nulungu DB; 007.93 'give to all' pattern
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
ngana wurru-bulan waju-ny nulu-ngu, daji-ny jana-nda wubul-ku | 1pl.inc crab cook-PAST ashes-LOC give-PAST 3pl-LOC all-EMPH


english: The old woman is teaching the girls the women's dances.
kuku: Wulbumanangka maral-maral binal-bungal jurbuka.
frame: causative_teach_dat
words_used: ["wulbuman", "maral", "binal", "jurbu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jurbu dict 'a woman's dance'; [A 255] teach+DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-angka maral-maral binal-bunga-l jurbu-ka | old.woman-ERG girl-REDUP teach-NONPAST womens.dance-DAT


english: The men are singing for the corroboree tonight.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkar wulngku badi warrmaka.
frame: intransitive_dat
words_used: ["dingkar", "wulngku badi", "warrma"]
loans_used: []
evidence: purpose DAT; E-004
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar wulngku badi-y warrma-ka | man-REDUP sing-NONPAST corroboree-DAT — purpose DAT; 'tonight' trimmed


english: Grandad's father made this boomerang long ago.
kuku: Ngadiku kamindamundu nganjanangka yanyu wangal balkan.
frame: transitive_kin_poss
words_used: ["kami", "nganjan", "wangal", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: POSS agreement check — kami-ndamun-du? review
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
ngadiku kami-ndamun-du nganjan-angka yanyu wangal balka-ny | long.ago grandad-POSS-ERG father-ERG this boomerang make-PAST — [A 515]


english: The night was cold and the dogs slept close to the fire.
kuku: Kunarangkal kiway-kiway, kaya-kaya warngku wunan bayanga ngundu.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kunarangkal", "kiway-kiway", "kaya", "warngku", "wunay", "baya", "ngundu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 279] ngundu
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kunarangkal kiway-kiway, kaya-kaya warngku wuna-ny baya-nga ngundu | midnight cold dog-REDUP sleep-PAST fire-LOC close.by


english: They dried the fish in the sun.
kuku: Jana kuyu yijarrin wungara, marralmanka.
frame: purposive
words_used: ["kuyu", "yijarril", "wungar", "marral"]
loans_used: []
evidence: periphrastic per 006.74; PURP
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:17:07.627624+00:00
analysis:
jana kuyu yijarri-ny wungar-a, marral-ma-nka | 3pl fish put-PAST sun-LOC dry-INCHO-PURP — 'dried'='put in sun to get dry'


english: The old people rested in the shade during the hot part of the day.
kuku: Kamba-kamba wunanan wabarrba wungariji.
frame: intransitive_loc
words_used: ["kamba", "wunay", "wabarr", "wungar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 539]; probe note
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kamba-kamba wunana-ny wabarr-ba wungar-iji | elder-REDUP rest-PAST shade-LOC hot.season/time — wungariji as 'hot time' probe


english: Little sister found bird's eggs in the tree.
kuku: Jinkurrda buyimu diburr nyajin jukungu.
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["jinkurr", "buyi", "diburr", "nyajil", "juku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jinkurr = neutral kin → ERG -da? FIX at review
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
jinkurr-da buyi-mu diburr nyaji-ny juku-ngu | yZ-ERG(neutral) bird-POSS egg find-PAST tree-LOC — §3.2.4


english: Get water from the top spring — it's clean.
kuku: Bana mana buraymuny — bana ngulkurr!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["bana", "manil", "buray", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: buray-mba LOC anchor §3.2.1 → ABL -muny; 'clean'→'good'
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
bana mana buray-muny, bana ngulkurr | water get.IMP spring-ABL water good — buray 'spring' anchor (buray-mba attested)


english: The children picked the fruit from the tree.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka mayi manin jukumuny.
frame: transitive_abl
words_used: ["karrkay", "mayi", "manil", "juku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: E-004 fold
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka mayi mani-ny juku-muny | child-REDUP-ERG fruit get-PAST tree-ABL — 'low branches' folded


english: That mango is not ripe — leave it!
kuku: Yinya mayngku ngulkurr-kari — bawa!
frame: imperative_neg_chain
words_used: ["mayngku", "ngulkurr", "bawal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: elder 'ngulkurr-kari' VERBATIM privative
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
yinya mayngku ngulkurr-kari, bawa-∅ | that mango good-PRIV leave-IMP — 'not ripe'='not good' per elder


english: The flying foxes are eating the mangoes at night.
kuku: Kambi-kambingka mayngku nukal kunarangkal.
frame: transitive_temporal
words_used: ["kambi", "mayngku", "nukal", "kunarangkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kambi dict primary 'flying fox' (errata #4 dual sense)
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kambi-kambi-ngka mayngku nuka-l kunarangkal | flying.fox-REDUP-ERG mango eat-NONPAST midnight — kambi 'flying fox' original dict sense!


english: The women got water at the spring.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbungku bana manin buraymba.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["jalbu", "bana", "manil", "buray", "jungkalu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: FIX: 'Jalbu-jalbungku bana manin buraymba.' (LOC attested buray-mba)
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu-ngku bana mani-ny buray-mba | woman-REDUP-ERG water get-PAST spring-LOC — buray-mba VERBATIM anchor


english: The old people tell the dreamtime story about the mountain and the river.
kuku: Kamba-kambangka ngujakura balkal manjalka wawubajaka.
frame: transitive
words_used: ["ngujakura", "balkal", "manjal", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: FIX: recast with human teller
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kamba-kamba-ngka ngujakura balka-l manjal-ka wawubaja-ka | elder-REDUP-ERG stories tell-NONPAST mountain-DAT river-DAT — [A 255] multi-DAT


english: The little ones are asleep — talk quietly.
kuku: Ngawa-ngawa warngku wunay — wunbuku balka!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["ngawa", "warngku", "wunay", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nganjarr 'discreetly' §3.8.6.1 attested particle
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
analysis:
ngawa-ngawa warngku wuna-y, wunbu-ku balka-∅ | baby-REDUP sleep-NONPAST discreet-ADV talk-IMP [nganjarr→wunbu: nganjarr unattested; dict wunbu 'quiet']


english: The girls washed the yams in the river and put them in the bags.
kuku: Maral-maralangka wukay julurrin wawubajanga, mumbanda baljinga.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["maral", "wukay", "julurril", "wawubaja", "mumbal", "balji"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 579]; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
maral-maral-angka wukay julurri-ny wawubaja-nga, mumba-ny-da balji-nga | wash-PAST river-LOC put.in-PAST-then bag-LOC


english: The dog dug up granny's yams — she growled at it!
kuku: Kayangka babimu wukay bakan — babi yirrkan kayanda!
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kaya", "babi", "wukay", "bakal", "yirrkay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: addressee LOC; rendering
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
kaya-ngka babi-mu wukay baka-ny, babi yirrka-ny kaya-nda | dog-ERG granny-POSS yam dig-PAST granny shout-PAST dog-LOC — 'growled'→'shouted at'


english: The men followed the wallaby tracks all morning. They found it near the swamp. Uncle speared it.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkarangka kadaramu jina wukurrin. Jana nyajin walngkanga ngundu. Kalngangka damanda.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dingkar", "kadar", "jina", "wukurril", "nyajil", "walngka", "ngundu", "kalnga", "damal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 008.40 tracks; O-ellipsis; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka kadar-amu jina wukurri-ny. jana nyaji-ny walngka-nga ngundu. kalnga-ngka dama-ny-da | track follow-PAST. find-PAST swamp-LOC close.by. MB-ERG spear-PAST-then


english: Everyone carried something back to camp: yams, honey, and one big eel.
kuku: Jana wubulku bayanba wundin: wukay, wunba, kubarr yalbay nyubun.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["bayan", "wundil", "wukay", "wunba", "kubarr", "yalbay", "nyubun"]
loans_used: []
evidence: list apposition (multi-O 006.54 precedent)
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
jana wubul-ku bayan-ba wundi-ny: wukay, wunba, kubarr yalbay nyubun | 3pl all camp-LOC bring-PAST: yam honey eel big one — list apposition


english: The stars came out and the children watched them.
kuku: Dawar wandin, karrkay-karrkayangka nyajin.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["dawar", "wandil", "karrkay", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: rendering
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
dawar wandi-ny, karrkay-karrkay-angka nyaji-ny | star rise-PAST child-REDUP-ERG watch-PAST — 'counted'→'watched'


english: Granny told one more story. Then everyone went to sleep.
kuku: Babingka kuku nyubun balkan baja. Jana wubulku warngku wunanda.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "kuku", "nyubun", "balkal", "warngku", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: baja separate; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka kuku nyubun balka-ny baja. jana wubul-ku warngku wuna-ny-da | granny-ERG story one tell-PAST again. 3pl all sleep-PAST-then


english: In the morning only the birds were singing.
kuku: Wunkuwingku buyi-buyi nganga wulngku badi.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["wunkuwingku", "buyi", "nganga", "wulngku badi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nganga dict 'only' (DB gold); first clause trimmed
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:53.950657+00:00
analysis:
wunkuwingku buyi-buyi nganga wulngku badi-y | morning bird-REDUP only sing-NONPAST — 'camp quiet' clause trimmed; nganga 'only' dict


english: The old man looked at the country from the mountain top. His country. His people's country.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka bubu nyajin manjalmundu. Nyungu bubu. Nyungu bamamu bubu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "bubu", "nyajil", "manjal", "bama"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ABESS [A 288-289]; possessive chain fragments (verbless)
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:08:27.576751+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:09:36.890334+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka bubu nyaji-ny manjal-mundu. nyungu bubu. nyungu bama-mu bubu | old-ERG man-ERG country see-PAST mountain-ABESS(from atop, not leaving). 3sg.POSS country. 3sg.POSS people-POSS country


english: Granny got up at dawn and lit the fire. The billycan boiled. She drank her tea alone.
kuku: Muduwajuny babi wandin, baya wajunda. Jungkalu wumbulman. Nyulu diyi nukan nyulurrku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["muduwajuny", "babi", "wandil", "baya", "wayjul", "jungkalu", "wumbul", "diyi", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 215] -rrku 'by oneself' VERBATIM
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:14:06.461525+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
muduwaju-ny babi wandi-ny, baya waju-ny-da. jungkalu wumbul-ma-ny. nyulu diyi nuka-ny nyulu-rrku | dawn granny rise-PAST fire burn-PAST-then. billycan hot-INCHO-PAST. 3sg tea drink-PAST 3sg-TOTAL(alone)


english: The two boys took the dog hunting. They saw a wallaby but the dog chased a bandicoot instead.
kuku: Bula dabalangka kaya wundin, minyaka. Jana kadar nyajin, kayangka kulngu kanganda.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dabal", "kaya", "wundil", "minya", "kadar", "nyajil", "kulngu", "kangal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: chains
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:14:06.461525+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
bula dabal-angka kaya wundi-ny, minya-ka. jana kadar nyaji-ny, kaya-ngka kulngu kanga-ny-da | took dog meat-DAT; saw wallaby; dog chased bandicoot-then


english: Uncle showed the young men the good fishing places.
kuku: Kalngangka bubu ngulkurr milbin warru-warrunda, kuyuku.
frame: ditransitive_loc
words_used: ["kalnga", "bubu", "ngulkurr", "milbil", "warru", "kuyu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 271] recipient LOC
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:14:06.461525+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
kalnga-ngka bubu ngulkurr milbi-ny warru-warru-nda, kuyu-ku | MB-ERG place good show-PAST young.man-REDUP-LOC fish-DAT — recipient LOC + purpose DAT


english: Did granny tell you the story?
kuku: Babingka yununy balkan, kukuku?
frame: question
words_used: ["babi", "balkal", "kuku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 138] ACC-person frame
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:14:06.461525+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka yununy balka-ny, kuku-ku | granny-ERG 2sg.ACC tell-PAST story-DAT — teach-frame ACC person + DAT topic ([A 255] binal-bungal pattern applied to balkal jussive-less: review OK'd as [A 138] 'nganya binal-bungan' parallel)


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "karrkay", "kunjal", "wangal", "milbil", "kuku", "balkal", "ngadiku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 414] kunja-ny VERBATIM
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:14:06.461525+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
english:
The old man called the children together. He showed them the boomerang. He told them about the old days.

kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka karrkay-karrkay kunjan. Nyulu wangal milbin jananda. Nyulu kuku balkanda ngadikumuny.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka karrkay-karrkay kunja-ny. nyulu wangal milbi-ny jana-nda. nyulu kuku balka-ny-da ngadiku-muny | summon-PAST; show-PAST 3pl-LOC; tell-PAST-then time-ABL


english: The fire got small in the night — light it again!
kuku: Baya bubanman kunarangkal — waju baja!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["baya", "buban", "kunarangkal", "wayjul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: buban-mal productive INCHO; rendering
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:14:06.461525+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
baya buban-ma-ny kunarangkal, waju-∅ baja | fire small-INCHO-PAST midnight burn-IMP again — 'died down'='got small'


english: Wait at the big rock.
kuku: Maku-janay kuljinga yalbaymba.
frame: imperative
words_used: ["maku-janay", "kulji", "yalbay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: LOC agreement [A 237-style]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:14:06.461525+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
maku-jana-y kulji-nga yalbay-mba | wait-IMP rock-LOC big-LOC — LOC agreement; ACC dropped (wait-for unattested)


english: Teach the children the language — they'll keep it strong.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay binal-bunga kukuku — jana junkurrku kujil!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["karrkay", "binal", "kuku", "junkurr", "kujil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: causative IMP zero ([A] wumbul-bunga!); elder junkurrku kujinka
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:14:06.461525+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay binal-bunga-∅ kuku-ku, jana junkurr-ku kuji-l | teach-IMP(zero, causative compound) language-DAT; strongly keep


english: Grandad's eyes are weak, but his ears are good.
kuku: Kamimu miyil nganjay, yambada milka ngulkurr.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kami", "miyil", "nganjay", "milka", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yambada 'but' clause-initial per extraction
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:14:06.461525+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
kami-mu miyil nganjay, yambada milka ngulkurr | eyes no.good, but(state-contrast) ears good — yambada clause-initial §3.9.2


english: Granny woke them up — time to go home.
kuku: Babingka janangan warndimanin — bayanba dunganka!
frame: causative_manil
words_used: ["babi", "warndil", "bayan", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 326] warndi-mani-ny VERBATIM; janangan Table 3.6
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:14:06.461525+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka janangan warndi-mani-ny, bayan-ba dunga-nka | granny-ERG 3pl.ACC rise-CAUS-PAST home-LOC go-PURP


english: The boys raced each other to the river.
kuku: Dabal warrinwarriwan wawubajanga.
frame: reciprocal
words_used: ["dabal", "warri", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: RECIP on motion verb probe; E-004 trim
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:51.630105+00:00
analysis:
dabal warri-n-warri-wa-ny wawubaja-nga | boys run-REDUP(-n-)-RECIP-PAST river-LOC — raced each other


english: The dog stole the meat from the fire and ran into the scrub.
kuku: Kayangka minya ngakin bayamuny, madjanga warrinda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kaya", "minya", "ngakil", "baya", "madja", "warri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 558]; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
kaya-ngka minya ngaki-ny baya-muny, madja-nga warri-ny-da | steal-PAST fire-ABL scrub-LOC run-PAST-then


english: Granny is boiling tea; grandad is roasting fish; the kids are setting out the food.
kuku: Babingka diyi wajul; kamingka kuyu dindal; karrkay-karrkayangka mayi yijarril.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "diyi", "wayjul", "kami", "kuyu", "dindal", "karrkay", "mayi", "yijarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: parallel
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka diyi waju-l; kami-ngka kuyu dinda-l; karrkay-karrkay-angka mayi yijarri-l | 3 parallel clauses


english: Uncle knows the deep water places — ask him.
kuku: Kalnga binal banaka — babajika nyungundu!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["kalnga", "binal", "bana", "babaji"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 264] frame; IMP -ka
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
kalnga binal bana-ka, babaji-ka nyungu-ndu | MB know water-DAT ask-IMP 3sg-LOC — babaji >2σ IMP -ka; person LOC


english: The old woman is telling the girls about the women's places.
kuku: Wulbumanangka maral-maral balkal, bubuku jalbu-jalbunku.
frame: transitive_dat
words_used: ["wulbuman", "maral", "balkal", "bubu", "jalbu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: elder gold VERBATIM 'wanyu bubu jalbu-jalbunku bural'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-angka maral-maral balka-l, bubu-ku jalbu-jalbu-nku | tell-NONPAST place-DAT women-DAT — elder 'bubu jalbu-jalbunku' VERBATIM collocation


english: Grandad took the boys to the men's place.
kuku: Kamingka dabal wundin bubungu dingar-dingaranka.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["kami", "dabal", "wundil", "bubu", "dingkar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: elder gold VERBATIM collocation
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
kami-ngka dabal wundi-ny bubu-ngu dingar-dingar-anka | took boys place-LOC men-DAT — elder 'bubu dingar-dingaranka' VERBATIM (elder spelling dingar)


english: The fish smelled the bait and came close.
kuku: Kuyungku minya nyajin, ngundu kadanda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kuyu", "minya", "nyajil", "ngundu", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kadar-perceiver potent precedent (007.79)
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
kuyu-ngku minya nyaji-ny, ngundu kada-ny-da | fish-ERG:pt(perceiver) meat sense-PAST close come-PAST-then — 'bait'→'meat'


english: Auntie made a small dilly bag for the little girl.
kuku: Bimayngka balji buban balkan maralanka.
frame: transitive_dat_benef
words_used: ["bimay", "balji", "buban", "balkal", "maral"]
loans_used: []
evidence: beneficiary
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
bimay-ngka balji buban balka-ny maral-anka | make-PAST girl-DAT — 'small' via buban agreement-less attribute (post-head)


english: Grandad said: that bird is telling us something.
kuku: Kamingka balkan: yinya buyingku ngananda balkal.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["kami", "balkal", "buyi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: quote style (007.58); bird as potent teller
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
kami-ngka balka-ny: yinya buyi-ngku ngana-nda balka-l | quote frame; bird-ERG 1pl.inc-LOC tell-NONPAST


english: The fire was covered with sand before we left.
kuku: Ngana baya nandan jukarbu, dunganyjiku.
frame: transitive_inst
words_used: ["baya", "nandal", "jukar", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nandal 'cover/bury'; INST; [A 447] SUCC same-A
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
ngana baya nanda-ny jukar-bu, dunga-nyjiku | 1pl.inc fire cover-PAST sand-INST go-SUCC — INST + SUCC


english: The men sat late by the fire, talking about the old country.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkar bundandan bayanga, balkawanya bubuku.
frame: perception_sub
words_used: ["dingkar", "bunday", "baya", "balkal", "bubu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: same-S SUB [A 479]; 'late' trimmed
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar bundanda-ny baya-nga, balka-wa-nya bubu-ku | stay-PAST fire-LOC chat-SUB country-DAT — simultaneous + topic DAT


english: Granny smiled at the sleeping children.
kuku: Babingka karrkay-karrkay nyajin, warngku wunanya.
frame: perception_sub
words_used: ["babi", "karrkay", "nyajil", "warngku", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 457]; rendering
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka karrkay-karrkay nyaji-ny, warngku wuna-nya | granny-ERG children watch-PAST sleep-SUB — 'smiled at'→'watched'


english: Tomorrow there will be more work: yams to dig, fish to catch, stories to tell.
kuku: Wunkun kirraji wubul: wukay bakanka, kuyu maninka, kuku balkanka.
frame: purposive
words_used: ["wunkun", "kirraji", "wubul", "wukay", "bakal", "kuyu", "manil", "kuku", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 429] abbreviated-relative PURP VERBATIM pattern
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:15:50.756967+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:16:38.274373+00:00
analysis:
wunkun kirraji wubul: wukay baka-nka, kuyu mani-nka, kuku balka-nka | tomorrow work much: dig-PURP catch-PURP tell-PURP — purposive list ([A 429] 'water for drinking' pattern)


english: The men built a new shelter before the wet season.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkarangka bayan jirakal ngaran.
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["dingkar", "bayan", "jirakal", "ngaral"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ngaral dict 'build' ([A 234] ngara-ny VERBATIM); E-004
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka bayan jirakal ngara-ny | man-REDUP-ERG shelter new build-PAST — 'before wet season' trimmed


english: Uncle tied the canoe to the big log.
kuku: Kalngangka marrakan kajan jukungu yalbayngu.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["kalnga", "marrakan", "kajal", "juku", "yalbay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: LOC agreement; kajal
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
kalnga-ngka marrakan kaja-ny juku-ngu yalbay-ngu | MB-ERG canoe tie-PAST log-LOC big-LOC — LOC agreement


english: Granny turned around and saw the children hiding.
kuku: Babi murnijin, karrkay-karrkay nyajinda, ngakijinya.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "murniji", "karrkay", "nyajil", "ngakil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: murniji dict 'turn around' ([A] murniji-y 'spin' lexicalized REFL)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
babi murniji-ny, karrkay-karrkay nyaji-ny-da, ngaki-ji-nya | granny turn.around-PAST children see-PAST-then hide-REFL-SUB


english: Mum poured the tea for the old people.
kuku: Ngamungku diyi nyangarrin kamba-kambanka.
frame: transitive_dat_benef
words_used: ["ngamu", "diyi", "nyangarril", "kamba"]
loans_used: []
evidence: beneficiary DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
ngamu-ngku diyi nyangarri-ny kamba-kamba-nka | mother-ERG tea pour-PAST elder-REDUP-DAT — beneficiary


english: He scraped the bark off the tree with the axe.
kuku: Nyulu dubal yurrin jukumuny waymbilda.
frame: transitive_inst
words_used: ["dubal", "yurril", "juku", "waymbil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INST allomorph -dV/else; source ABL
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
nyulu dubal yurri-ny juku-muny waymbil-da | 3sg bark scrape-PAST tree-ABL axe-INST — INST -dV after l


english: Grandad came across in the canoe, pulling it through the shallow water.
kuku: Kami kadan marrakanda, kulbalkulbanya bananga bubanba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kami", "kaday", "marrakan", "kulbal", "bana", "buban"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INST conveyance; same-S SUB [A 479]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
kami kada-ny marrakan-da, kulba-l-kulba-nya bana-nga buban-ba | grandad come-PAST canoe-INST pull-REDUP-SUB water-LOC little-LOC


english: The old people sent word to the other camps.
kuku: Kamba-kambangka kuku yungan bayanba yindu-yinduymba.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["kamba", "kuku", "yungal", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 274] kuku yunga-ny VERBATIM; [A 369] yindu-yinduy-mbu anchor
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
kamba-kamba-ngka kuku yunga-ny bayan-ba yindu-yinduy-mba | elder-REDUP-ERG word send-PAST camp-LOC other-REDUP-LOC


english: The men talked for a long time about the water places.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkar balkawan banaka bubuku.
frame: reciprocal_dat
words_used: ["dingkar", "balkal", "bana", "bubu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: topic DAT; E-004
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar balka-wa-ny bana-ka bubu-ku | man-REDUP chat-PAST water-DAT place-DAT — 'long time' trimmed


english: We fixed it with new paperbark in the morning.
kuku: Wunkuwingku ngana buyku jirakal yijarrin wuyar.
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["buyku", "jirakal", "yijarril", "wuyar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wuyar §3.3; rendering
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
wunkuwingku ngana buyku jirakal yijarri-ny wuyar | morning 1pl.inc paperbark new put-PAST on.top — 'fixed' rendering


english: Granny laughed and lifted the baby up high.
kuku: Babi yajarrin, ngawa kulbanda wangkar.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["babi", "yajarril", "ngawa", "kulbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jarra-kulbal 'lift' relation; -da
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
babi yajarri-ny, ngawa kulba-ny-da wangkar | granny laughed baby pull/lift-PAST-then up — 'lifted'=pulled-up


english: The old man kept scraping the boomerang smooth.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka wangal yurrilyurrin.
frame: transitive_redup
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "wangal", "yurril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: -l- link; fold
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:56.687786+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka wangal yurri-l-yurri-ny | old man boomerang scrape-REDUP-PAST — 'rubbed smooth' folded into REDUP


english: Granny sent honey to her sister's camp.
kuku: Babingka wunba yungan babarrandamunba bayanba.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["babi", "wunba", "yungal", "babarr", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka wunba yunga-ny babarr-andamun-ba bayan-ba | granny-ERG honey send-PAST eZ-POSS-LOC camp-LOC

evidence:
POSS with LOC head... babarr-amu + bayan-ba: POSS agreement before non-zero head → babarr-andamun-ba? FIX at review


english: The children turned all the stones over looking for crabs.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka kulji jurrkinyarrku, wurru-bulananda nubi-nubijinya.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["karrkay", "kulji", "jurrkil", "wurru-bulan", "nubil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 368] antipassive O=LOC — check
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka kulji jurrki-ny-arrku, wurru-bulan-anda nubi-nubi-ji-nya | turned-TOTAL crab-LOC:pt searching-SUB


english: Grandad built a small fire and sat beside it.
kuku: Kamingka baya buban ngaran, bayanga bundanda.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kami", "baya", "buban", "ngaral", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: -da; ambiguity note
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
kami-ngka baya buban ngara-ny, baya-nga bunda-ny-da | build-PAST fire-LOC sit-PAST-then — wait 'bundanda' = bunda-ny-da ✓ but looks like bundanday... surface 'bundanda'? -ny+da → nda: bunda-n-da = 'bundanda' ambiguous w/ REDUP; acceptable — analysis disambiguates


english: The old people built their camps close together in the cold season.
kuku: Kamba-kambangka bayan ngaran ngundu, buluriji.
frame: transitive_temporal
words_used: ["kamba", "bayan", "ngaral", "ngundu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 540]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:19:45.540457+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:20:37.538558+00:00
analysis:
kamba-kamba-ngka bayan ngara-ny ngundu, bulur-iji | elder-REDUP-ERG camp build-PAST close cold.season


english: Uncle pulled the canoe onto the sand and tied it to a tree.
kuku: Kalngangka marrakan kulban jukara, jukungu kajanda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kalnga", "marrakan", "kulbal", "jukar", "juku", "kajal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: -da chain
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
analysis:
kalnga-ngka marrakan kulba-ny jukar-a, juku-ngu kaja-ny-da | pull-PAST sand-LOC tree-LOC tie-PAST-then


english: The children turned the stones over and found little crabs.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka kulji jurrkin, wurru-bulan buban nyajinda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["karrkay", "kulji", "jurrkil", "wurru-bulan", "buban", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka kulji jurrki-ny, wurru-bulan buban nyaji-ny-da | turn-PAST crab little find-PAST-then


english: Granny poured tea for everyone and we sat by the fire.
kuku: Babingka diyi nyangarrin jananka, ngana bayanga bundarinda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["babi", "diyi", "nyangarril", "baya", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: beneficiary DAT; -ri-; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka diyi nyangarri-ny jana-nka, ngana baya-nga bunda-ri-ny-da | pour-PAST 3pl-DAT; sit-PLS-PAST-then


english: The dog pulled the meat off the fire — quick, grab it!
kuku: Kayangka minya kulban bayamuny — karrba jinbalku!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["kaya", "minya", "kulbal", "baya", "karrbal", "jinbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: chains
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
kaya-ngka minya kulba-ny baya-muny, karrba-∅ jinbal-ku | dog-ERG meat pull-PAST fire-ABL grab-IMP fast-ADV


english: The old man scraped the spear, tied on the point, and put it in the sun.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka kalka yurrin, kajan, wungara yijarrinda.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "kalka", "yurril", "kajal", "wungar", "yijarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A] 4-verb chain pattern
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:17:07.627624+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka kalka yurri-ny, kaja-ny, wungar-a yijarri-ny-da | scrape-PAST tie-PAST sun-LOC put-PAST-then — 3-verb chain


english: The flood water pushed the logs down the river.
kuku: Banabu juku-juku jurrngan wawubajanga bada.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["bana", "juku", "jurrngal", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bana-bu neutral; bada
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
bana-bu juku-juku jurrnga-ny wawubaja-nga bada | water-ERG(neutral) log-REDUP push-PAST river-LOC down


english: We pulled the fish in one after another.
kuku: Ngana kuyu kulbalkulban jururr.
frame: transitive_redup
words_used: ["kuyu", "kulbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jururr 'repeatedly/one after another' §3.8.6.1 attested particle
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
ngana kuyu kulba-l-kulba-ny jururr | 1pl.inc fish pull-REDUP-PAST one.after.another — jururr adverbial particle §3.8.6.1


english: Pour a little water on the fire — we're leaving.
kuku: Bana nyangarrika bayanga — ngana dungay!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["bana", "nyangarril", "baya", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: E-004
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
bana nyangarri-ka baya-nga, ngana dunga-y | pour-IMP(-ka) fire-LOC; 1pl.inc go-NONPAST — 'a little' trimmed


english: The storm broke the old tree down in the night.
kuku: Jarramalingka juku mukul dakandin kunarangkal.
frame: transitive_temporal
words_used: ["jarramali", "juku", "dakandil", "kunarangkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 504] agent frame; mukul-scope note
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
jarramali-ngka juku dakandi-ny kunarangkal | storm-ERG tree break.down-PAST midnight — 'old' dropped (mukul=old person)


english: They tied the paperbark bundles with cane and carried them home.
kuku: Jana buyku kajan yibuynju, bayanba jarra-kulbanda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["buyku", "kajal", "yibuy", "jarra-kulbal", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INST -njV; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
jana buyku kaja-ny yibuy-nju, bayan-ba jarra-kulba-ny-da | tie-PAST cane-INST home-LOC carry-PAST-then


english: Push the little ones on ahead — the tide is coming.
kuku: Ngawa-ngawa yunga maku — jalun kaday!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["ngawa", "yungal", "jalun", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: maku §3.8.6.1 particle
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
ngawa-ngawa yunga-∅ maku, jalun kada-y | baby-REDUP send-IMP straight.ahead; sea come-NONPAST — maku 'straight towards' particle


english: The wallaby turned, saw the dog, and jumped away through the grass.
kuku: Kadar murnijin, kaya nyajin, jikanba jalamanda.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kadar", "murniji", "kaya", "nyajil", "jikan", "jalamal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 3-verb chain; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
kadar murniji-ny, kaya nyaji-ny, jikan-ba jalama-ny-da | turn-PAST see-PAST grass-LOC jump-PAST-then


english: The women pulled up the yams and shook off the dirt.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbungku wukay kulban, bubu yilbanda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["jalbu", "wukay", "kulbal", "bubu", "yilbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: rendering
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu-ngku wukay kulba-ny, bubu yilba-ny-da | pull-PAST dirt throw-PAST-then — 'shook off'='threw off'


english: The men built the frame; the women tied on the paperbark.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkarangka bayan ngaran; jalbu-jalbungku buyku kajanda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["dingkar", "bayan", "ngaral", "jalbu", "buyku", "kajal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: parallel + -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka bayan ngara-ny; jalbu-jalbu-ngku buyku kaja-ny-da | build-PAST; tie-PAST-then — 'frame' folded


english: The boys tied cane between the trees and the bags hung there.
kuku: Dabalangka yibuy kajan jukungu, balji walngkanda yinyay.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["dabal", "yibuy", "kajal", "juku", "balji", "walngkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: walngkal itr — FIX
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
dabal-angka yibuy kaja-ny juku-ngu, balji walngka-ny-da yinyay | tie-PAST tree-LOC; bags hang(itr)-PAST-then there


english: We built a big fire on the beach so the fishermen could see home.
kuku: Ngana baya yalbay ngaran jukara, dingkar-dingkarangka nyajinka.
frame: purposive
words_used: ["baya", "yalbay", "ngaral", "jukar", "dingkar", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 407] S=O' purposive frame
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
analysis:
ngana baya yalbay ngara-ny jukar-a, dingkar-dingkar-angka nyaji-nka | build-PAST sand-LOC men-ERG see-PURP


english: The young men pulled everyone out of the water.
kuku: Warru-warrungku janangan kulbanyarrku banamuny.
frame: transitive_abl
words_used: ["warru", "kulbal", "bana"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ACC check — FIX
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
warru-warru-ngku janangan kulba-ny-arrku bana-muny | young.men-ERG 3pl.ACC pull-PAST-TOTAL water-ABL


english: Granny said: the sea is the boss out there.
kuku: Babingka balkan: jalun maja yinyay.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["babi", "balkal", "jalun", "maja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 267] maja VERBATIM; quote
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka balka-ny: jalun maja yinyay | quote: sea boss there — maja 'boss' ([A 267] 'yala maja' VERBATIM)


english: Grandad tied cane in the tree for the children to play on.
kuku: Kamingka yibuy kajan jukungu, karrkay-karrkay kinkanka.
frame: purposive
words_used: ["kami", "yibuy", "kajal", "juku", "karrkay", "kinkay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 424] no-common-NP PURP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:43.912207+00:00
analysis:
kami-ngka yibuy kaja-ny juku-ngu, karrkay-karrkay kinka-nka | tie-PAST tree-LOC children play-PURP — 'swing' rendered by function


english: Tomorrow the men will build the big shelter for the wet season.
kuku: Wunkun dingkar-dingkarangka bayan yalbay ngaral, kabaka.
frame: transitive_dat
words_used: ["wunkun", "dingkar", "bayan", "yalbay", "ngaral", "kaba"]
loans_used: []
evidence: purpose DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
wunkun dingkar-dingkar-angka bayan yalbay ngara-l, kaba-ka | tomorrow build-NONPAST rain-DAT(for the rains)


english: Everyone will help — with many hands the work is fast.
kuku: Jana wubulku mara-dajil — mara wubul, jinbalku kirrajil.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["mara-dajil", "mara", "wubul", "kirraji", "jinbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kirraji as noun? dict itr verb — verbless use FIX at review
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
jana wubul-ku mara-daji-l, mara wubul, jinbal-ku kirraji-l | all help; hands many fast-ADV work-NONPAST


english: The shelter stood strong in the big rain.
kuku: Bayan junkurrji janjanan kabanga.
frame: verbless
words_used: ["bayan", "junkurr", "kaba", "yalbay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: review
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:01.423568+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:23:31.170788+00:00
analysis:
bayan junkurr-ji janjana-ny kaba-nga | shelter strength-COMIT stand.REDUP-PAST rain-LOC — stand-in-rain locative acceptable ([A 504-area storm frames]); janjanay solid redup


english: Grandad got up first and looked at the clouds. Clouds in the north. Rain coming.
kuku: Kami wandin. Ngurrban kungkarr. Kaba kaday.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kami", "wandil", "ngurrban", "kungkarr", "kaba", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: terse weather narrative; E-004
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:04.769954+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:27.101712+00:00
analysis:
kami wandi-ny. ngurrban kungkarr. kaba kada-y | grandad rose. clouds north. rain coming — 'first'/'sky' trimmed (jiri unverified)


english: He woke the boys: get up, we're going before the rain!
kuku: Nyulu dabal warndimanin: wandi, ngana dungay kaba kadanyjiku!
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dabal", "warndil", "dungay", "kaba", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 326]; SUCC; pitfall 24
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:04.769954+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:27.101712+00:00
analysis:
nyulu dabal warndi-mani-ny: wandi-∅, ngana dunga-y kaba kada-nyjiku | woke-CAUS; rise-IMP(zero); go-NONPAST rain come-SUCC


english: Today we move camp — pack everything!
kuku: Nyiku ngana jurrkiji — yambayamba mana!
frame: imperative_chain
words_used: ["jurrkil", "yambayamba", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A] jurrkiji-y 'move camp' VERBATIM lexicalized
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:04.769954+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:27.101712+00:00
analysis:
nyiku ngana jurrki-ji-y, yambayamba mana | today move.camp(lexicalized -ji) everything get.IMP — E-017


english: The boys gathered wood; the girls got water; the fire was going before night.
kuku: Dabalangka juku bangkan; maral-maralangka bana manin; baya wajun wujurrmanyjiku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dabal", "juku", "bangkal", "maral", "bana", "manil", "baya", "wayjul", "wujurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: parallel
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:04.769954+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:27.101712+00:00
analysis:
dabal-angka juku bangka-ny; maral-maral-angka bana mani-ny; baya waju-ny wujurr-ma-nyjiku | parallel + SUCC


english: Granny saved some honey for the old man.
kuku: Babingka wunba kujin mukulunku dingkaranka.
frame: transitive_dat_benef
words_used: ["babi", "wunba", "kujil", "mukul", "dingkar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: DAT NP agreement; per-stem harmony
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:04.769954+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:27.101712+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka wunba kuji-ny mukul-unku dingkar-anka | kept honey old-DAT:pt man-DAT:pt — DAT agreement (u/a harmony per stem)


english: Echidnas are hard work, said uncle, laughing.
kuku: Kalngangka balkan, yajarrinya: ngangkin dandi bajaku.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["kalnga", "balkal", "yajarril", "ngangkin", "dandi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: quote + SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:04.769954+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:27:27.101712+00:00
analysis:
kalnga-ngka balka-ny, yajarri-nya: ngangkin dandi-baja-ku | said laugh-SUB: echidna hard-very — 'work' folded


english: The first big rain came in the night. Everyone heard it on the paperbark roof.
kuku: Kaba yalbay kadan kunarangkal. Jana wubulku nyajin buykungu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaba", "yalbay", "kaday", "kunarangkal", "nyajil", "buyku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: arc open
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
kaba yalbay kada-ny kunarangkal. jana wubul-ku nyaji-ny buyku-ngu | The first big rain came in the night. Everyone heard it on the paperbark roof.


english: The shelters stayed dry — the men had built them well.
kuku: Bayan-bayan marral — dingkar-dingkarangka ngaran ngulkurrku.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["bayan", "marral", "dingkar", "ngaral", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: chain
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:31:46.730099+00:00
analysis:
bayan-bayan marral, dingkar-dingkar-angka ngara-ny ngulkurr-ku | The shelters stayed dry — the men had built them well.


english: Uncle says the island turtles are laying now.
kuku: Kalngangka balkal: ngawiyangka diburr yijarril nyiku burrira.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["kalnga", "balkal", "ngawiya", "diburr", "yijarril", "burrir"]
loans_used: []
evidence: quote
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:31:46.730099+00:00
analysis:
kalnga-ngka balka-l: ngawiya-ngka diburr yijarri-l nyiku burrir-a | Uncle says the island turtles are laying now.


english: The sea was good. Two canoes went out at dawn.
kuku: Jalun ngulkurr. Marrakan jambul dungan muduwajuny.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalun", "ngulkurr", "marrakan", "jambul", "dungay", "muduwajuny"]
loans_used: []
evidence: arc
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:31:46.730099+00:00
analysis:
jalun ngulkurr. marrakan jambul dunga-ny muduwaju-ny | The sea was good. Two canoes went out at dawn.


english: On the island they found fresh turtle tracks in the sand.
kuku: Burrira jana ngawiyamu jina jirakal nyajin jukara.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["burrir", "ngawiya", "jina", "jirakal", "nyajil", "jukar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: tracks
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
analysis:
burrir-a jana ngawiya-mu jina jirakal nyaji-ny jukar-a | On the island they found fresh turtle tracks in the sand.


english: Turtle eggs tonight — the children danced on the sand!
kuku: Ngawiyamu diburr nyiku — karrkay-karrkay wurin jukara!
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["ngawiya", "diburr", "karrkay", "wuri", "jukar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: celebration
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
analysis:
ngawiya-mu diburr nyiku, karrkay-karrkay wuri-ny jukar-a | Turtle eggs tonight — the children danced on the sand!


english: Auntie is teaching the girls to weave little bags.
kuku: Bimayngka maral-maral binal-bungal, balji buban wukurrinka.
frame: jussive_purposive
words_used: ["bimay", "maral", "binal", "balji", "wukurril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: E-004 trim
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:32:05.475882+00:00
analysis:
bimay-ngka maral-maral binal-bunga-l, balji buban wukurri-nka | FZ-ERG girl-REDUP teach-NONPAST bag little weave-PURP


english: The little girl's first dilly bag was small — granny loved it.
kuku: Maralamu balji nyubun buban — babi wawu jirray.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["maral", "balji", "nyubun", "buban", "babi", "wawu", "jirray"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wawu jirray
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:31:46.730099+00:00
analysis:
maral-amu balji nyubun buban, babi wawu jirray | The little girl's first dilly bag was small — granny loved it.


english: The night was warm and the men went fishing with fire.
kuku: Kunarangkal wumbul, dingkar-dingkar kuyuku dungan bayaji.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kunarangkal", "wumbul", "dingkar", "kuyu", "dungay", "baya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: fire-COMIT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:31:46.730099+00:00
analysis:
kunarangkal wumbul, dingkar-dingkar kuyu-ku dunga-ny baya-ji | The night was warm and the men went fishing with fire.


english: The old woman who stays alone got the first fish.
kuku: Wulbumanangka kuyu maninngarr, nyulu bundanday nyulurrku.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["wulbuman", "kuyu", "manil", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A] duda-ny-arr 'pounded first' VERBATIM licensing; -rrku alone
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:31:14.201947+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-angka kuyu mani-ny-ngarr, nyulu bundanda-y nyulu-rrku | got-PAST-first; stays alone — hmm ny+ng cluster; surface 'maninngarr' per nny-boundary allowance


english: The children ate fish and turtle eggs until they slept.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka kuyu diburr nukan, warngku wunanda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["karrkay", "kuyu", "diburr", "nukal", "warngku", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:31:46.730099+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka kuyu diburr nuka-ny, warngku wuna-ny-da | The children ate fish and turtle eggs until they slept.


english: But tonight, full and happy, the camp slept.
kuku: Yambada nyiku jana wubulku warngku wunan, wawu-mini.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["warngku", "wunay", "wawu-mini"]
loans_used: []
evidence: close
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:30:44.381468+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:31:46.730099+00:00
analysis:
yambada nyiku jana wubul-ku warngku wuna-ny, wawu-mini | But tonight, full and happy, the camp slept.


english: Uncle cut his hand on the shells.
kuku: Kalnga mara yakajin bulkijibu.
frame: reflexive_inst
words_used: ["kalnga", "mara", "yakal", "bulkiji"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 344/247b]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:34:58.753587+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:35:23.983761+00:00
analysis:
kalnga mara yaka-ji-ny bulkiji-bu | MB hand cut-REFL-PAST shell-INST — [A 344] cut-self INST VERBATIM frame


english: The little dog stole the meat!
kuku: Kayangka bubanangka minya ngakin!
frame: transitive_np_agreement
words_used: ["kaya", "buban", "minya", "ngakil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 51/237/543] agreement ruling
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:37:17.642331+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
kaya-ngka buban-angka minya ngaki-ny | dog-ERG little-ERG:pt(agreement) meat steal-PAST — head-class agreement ruling


english: The old woman with the strong hands wove the best bags.
kuku: Wulbumanangka junkurrjingka balji wukurrin.
frame: transitive_np_agreement
words_used: ["wulbuman", "junkurr", "balji", "wukurril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 543]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:37:17.642331+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-angka junkurr-ji-ngka balji wukurri-ny | old.woman-ERG strength-COMIT-ERG wove bags — [A 543] COMIT-ERG VERBATIM pattern


english: The wild dog bit the young man.
kuku: Kayangka kulijingka warru baykan.
frame: transitive_np_agreement
words_used: ["kaya", "kuliji", "warru", "baykal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 80]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:37:17.642331+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
kaya-ngka kuli-ji-ngka warru bayka-ny | dog-ERG rage-COMIT-ERG bit young.man — [A 80] VERBATIM pattern


english: The hungry children ate everything.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka dakwuyangka nukanyarrku.
frame: transitive_np_agreement
words_used: ["karrkay", "dakwuy", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:37:17.642331+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka dakwuy-angka nuka-ny-arrku | child-REDUP-ERG hungry-ERG:pt(-VngkV after y, karrkay-angka anchor) eat-PAST-TOTAL

evidence:
agreement; balbay-nja shows y-final pattern but potent y-final = -ngkV (karrkay-angka itself is the anchor... dakwuy ends y → potent C-form -VngkV? karrkay-angka has -angka after y! so dakwuy-angka. FIXED: dakwuyangka


english: The women gave the little baby a name.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbungku ngawa burri dajin.
frame: ditransitive
words_used: ["jalbu", "ngawa", "burri", "dajil"]
loans_used: []
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:37:17.642331+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu-ngku ngawa burri daji-ny | women-ERG baby name gave — burri 'name' (elder 'burri Kubirri' VERBATIM)

evidence:
elder 'burri' — dict GREP pending; grammar-attested | ADJUDICATED: burri is a gloss-less dict stub — errata fill 'name' (elder 'burri Kubirri' VERBATIM)


english: Granny's soup made everyone strong again.
kuku: Babimu milkulbu janangan junkurr-bungan baja.
frame: causative
words_used: ["babi", "milkul", "junkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: causative -bungal on junkurr; ACC fix pending
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:37:17.642331+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
babi-mu milkul-bu janangan junkurr-bunga-ny baja | granny-POSS soup-ERG(neutral) 3pl.ACC strong-CAUS-PAST again


english: The rain filled the billycans overnight.
kuku: Kababu jungkalu mumban kunarangkal.
frame: transitive_temporal
words_used: ["kaba", "jungkalu", "mumbal", "kunarangkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: probe
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:37:17.642331+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
kaba-bu jungkalu mumba-ny kunarangkal | rain-ERG billycan filled midnight — mumbal 'put in'→'filled' probe


english: The strong young man carried two bags at once.
kuku: Warrungku junkurrjingku balji jambul jarra-kulban.
frame: transitive_np_agreement
words_used: ["warru", "junkurr", "balji", "jambul", "jarra-kulbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 543] pattern; u-harmony per warru
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:33.513820+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
warru-ngku junkurr-ji-ngku balji jambul jarra-kulba-ny | young.man-ERG strong-COMIT-ERG(u-harmony) carried two bags


english: But by afternoon she misses the noise.
kuku: Yambada yilay-yilay nyulu wawu karrkayanka.
frame: wawu
words_used: ["yilay-yilay", "wawu", "karrkay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: rendering
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:33.513820+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
yambada yilay-yilay nyulu wawu karrkay-anka | but afternoon she wants children-DAT — 'misses'→'wants'


english: The little ones believed every word.
kuku: Ngawa-ngawangka milka-janan kukuku wubulku.
frame: intransitive_dat
words_used: ["ngawa", "milka", "kuku", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: rendering
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:33.513820+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
ngawa-ngawa-ngka milka-jana-ny kuku-ku wubul-ku | babies listened story-DAT all-DAT — 'believed'→'listened to'


english: Good weather for the island tomorrow.
kuku: Wunkun ngulkurr burrirka.
frame: verbless_dat
words_used: ["wunkun", "ngulkurr", "burrir"]
loans_used: []
evidence: E-010 trill rule applied
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:33.513820+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:39:08.014850+00:00
analysis:
wunkun ngulkurr burrir-ka... burrir r-final DAT = -VkV retroflex? burrir ends rr TRILL → -kV! burrirka ✓ (E-010) | (gloss in kuku field context)


english: Last time a dog tipped one over!
kuku: Kayangka marrakan murnijimanin!
frame: causative_manil
words_used: ["kaya", "marrakan", "murniji"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 326] -mani-l pattern; 'last time' trimmed
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:33.513820+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
kaya-ngka marrakan murniji-mani-ny | dog-ERG canoe spin-CAUS-PAST('tipped over') — action-causative on murniji


english: The children waved from the beach until the canoes were small.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka mara milbin jukarmundu.
frame: transitive_abess
words_used: ["karrkay", "mara", "milbil", "jukar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 'waved'=showed hands; ABESS
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:33.513820+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka mara milbi-ny jukar-mundu | children hand showed sand-ABESS('waved from the beach') — 'until small' trimmed


english: Come back safe, she said to the sea.
kuku: Nyulu jalunbu balkan: kaday baja ngulkurrku.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["jalun", "balkal", "kaday", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: quote; addressee-LOC on sea (poetic but frame-licensed)
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:33.513820+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:38:57.446008+00:00
analysis:
nyulu jalun-bu balka-ny... addressee LOC — jalun LOC=jalunbu ✓ doubles as 'to the sea': kaday baja ngulkurrku | quote: come back well


english: In the dry season the old people walked the long way to the north country.
kuku: Buluriji kamba-kamba jilba dungan kalakalbay, kungkarr bubungu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kamba", "jilba", "dungay", "kungkarr", "bubu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 540]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:41:49.773086+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
bulur-iji kamba-kamba jilba dunga-ny kala-kalbay, kungkarr bubu-ngu | dry season elders walked far, north country-LOC


english: They walked from waterhole to waterhole, the way their old people showed them.
kuku: Jana jilba dungan banamuny bananga, yalaku kamba-kambangka milbin.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jilba", "dungay", "bana", "yala", "kamba", "milbil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: path; yalaku
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:41:49.773086+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:42:15.850052+00:00
analysis:
jana jilba dunga-ny bana-muny bana-nga, yala-ku kamba-kamba-ngka milbi-ny | water-ABL water-LOC path; like.this elders showed


english: The children walked behind, listening and learning.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay kudamundu jilba dungan, milka-jananya, binalmanya.
frame: perception_sub
words_used: ["karrkay", "jilba", "dungay", "milka", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: double SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:41:49.773086+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:42:15.850052+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay kudamundu jilba dunga-ny, milka-jana-nya, binal-ma-nya | walked behind listen-SUB learn-SUB


english: Here, he said. My father showed me this place when I was small.
kuku: Yaluy, nyulu balkan. Ngayku nganjanangka nganya milbin, ngayu buban.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["balkal", "nganjan", "milbil", "buban"]
loans_used: []
evidence: quote
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:41:49.773086+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:42:15.850052+00:00
analysis:
yaluy, nyulu balka-ny. ngayku nganjan-angka nganya milbi-ny, ngayu buban | here, he said. my father showed me, I little


english: The tree gives, and the tree must keep living, she says.
kuku: Nyulu balkal: jukubu dajil, juku bundanday yabarrka.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["balkal", "juku", "dajil", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: class fix pending
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:41:49.773086+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:42:15.850052+00:00
analysis:
nyulu balka-l: juku-bu daji-l, juku bundanda-y yabarrka | quote: tree-ERG(neutral) gives; tree stays always


english: The country cleans itself, said the old man. Watch and learn.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka balkan: bubu julurrijil. Nyaka, binalmaka.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "balkal", "bubu", "julurril", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 155] binal-ma-ka VERBATIM; REFL S
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:41:49.773086+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T01:42:15.850052+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka balka-ny: bubu julurri-ji-l | country washes-REFL(S, no class issue). nyaka, binal-ma-ka


english: The little dog went missing in the night and the children cried in the morning.
kuku: Kaya buban dungan kunarangkal, karrkay-karrkay badin wunkuwingku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaya", "buban", "dungay", "kunarangkal", "karrkay", "badi", "wunkuwingku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: arc open
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
kaya buban dunga-ny kunarangkal, karrkay-karrkay badi-ny wunkuwingku | dog little went midnight; children cried morning


english: Uncle followed its tracks from the camp to the river and along the wet sand.
kuku: Kalngangka jina wukurrin bayanmuny wawubajanga, jukara dunanga.
frame: transitive_loc
words_used: ["kalnga", "jina", "wukurril", "bayan", "wawubaja", "jukar", "duna"]
loans_used: []
evidence: path + agreement
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
analysis:
kalnga-ngka jina wukurri-ny bayan-muny wawubaja-nga, jukar-a duna-nga | followed tracks camp-ABL river-LOC sand-LOC wet-LOC — LOC agreement


english: The tracks turned into the scrub where the wallabies feed at dawn.
kuku: Jina madjanga dungan, kadar-kadar nukanukajil muduwajuny yinyay.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["jina", "madja", "dungay", "kadar", "nukal", "muduwajuny"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 461] feeding frame
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
jina madja-nga dunga-ny, kadar-kadar nuka-nuka-ji-l muduwajuny yinyay | tracks went scrub-LOC; wallabies feed dawn there


english: He called and called, and at last he heard a small cry far away.
kuku: Nyulu yirrkan-yirrkan, milkabu nyajinda badi buban kalakalbay.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["yirrkay", "milka", "nyajil", "badi", "buban"]
loans_used: []
evidence: redup; hear idiom; badi-noun probe (review)
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
nyulu yirrka-n-yirrka-ny, milka-bu nyaji-ny-da badi buban kala-kalbay | called-REDUP; heard-then cry little far — badi as noun probe


english: The little dog had fallen into an old digging hole and could not climb out.
kuku: Kaya buban daran bubungu, wangkar dakal murruji.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kaya", "buban", "daray", "bubu", "dakal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: murruji tense check
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
kaya buban dara-ny bubu-ngu, wangkar daka-l murruji | dog little fell hole-LOC, up climb-NONPAST unable


english: Uncle lifted it out and it licked his face all the way home.
kuku: Kalngangka kulban wangkar, kayangka nyungu walu bijalbijan bayanba.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kalnga", "kulbal", "kaya", "walu", "bijal", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: -l- redup link
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
kalnga-ngka kulba-ny wangkar, kaya-ngka nyungu walu bija-l-bija-ny bayan-ba | lifted up; dog licked-REDUP his face home-LOC


english: The children hugged the dog and granny gave it the best bone in the camp.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka kaya karrban, babingka bajibay ngulkurr bajaku dajinda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["karrkay", "kaya", "karrbal", "babi", "bajibay", "ngulkurr", "dajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: chain
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka kaya karrba-ny, babi-ngka bajibay ngulkurr-baja-ku daji-ny-da | held dog; granny gave best bone-then


english: Stand like this, he said. Feel the ground with your feet.
kuku: Yalaku janay, nyulu balkan. Bubu nyaka jinabu.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["yala", "janay", "balkal", "bubu", "nyajil", "jina"]
loans_used: []
evidence: suppletive nyaka; INST feet
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
yala-ku jana-y, nyulu balka-ny. bubu nyaka jina-bu | like.this stand-IMP, he said. ground perceive-IMP(suppletive) foot-INST


english: The boys threw all afternoon until their arms ached.
kuku: Dabalangka kalka yilbalyilban yilay-yilay, mara kakamarinda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["dabal", "kalka", "yilbal", "yilay-yilay", "mara", "kaka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: REDUP + INCHO+PLS
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
dabal-angka kalka yilba-l-yilba-ny yilay-yilay, mara kaka-ma-ri-ny-da | threw-REDUP afternoon; arms sore-INCHO-PLS-then


english: The youngest boy hit the mark first and grandad laughed with joy.
kuku: Yabajungku damanyarr, kami yajarrinda wawu-mini.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["yabaju", "damal", "kami", "yajarril", "wawu-mini"]
loans_used: []
evidence: TEMP3; -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:54:59.162642+00:00
analysis:
yabaju-ngku dama-ny-ngarr, kami yajarri-ny-da wawu-mini | youngest speared-first; grandad laughed-then happy


english: By the end the boy hit the mark three times out of three.
kuku: Wungar dungan, yabajungku daman kulur nguymal.
frame: transitive_past
words_used: ["damal", "kulur"]
loans_used: []
evidence: FIX subject
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
wungar dunga-ny, yabaju-ngku dama-ny kulur nguymal | sun went.down, youngest-ERG speared three truly


english: Rain again tomorrow, said granny, looking at the ring around the moon.
kuku: Babingka balkan: kaba baja wunkun. Nyulu kija nyajin.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["babi", "balkal", "kaba", "wunkun", "kija", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: trim
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka balka-ny: kaba baja wunkun. nyulu kija nyaji-ny | quote: rain again tomorrow. she watched moon — 'ring' trimmed


english: The rain kept everyone in camp, so granny brought out the string games.
kuku: Kababu jana kujin bayanba, babingka karra maninda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kaba", "kujil", "bayan", "babi", "karra", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 310] karra; neutral agent
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
kaba-bu jana kuji-ny bayan-ba, babi-ngka karra mani-ny-da | rain-ERG(neutral) kept 3pl camp-LOC, granny got string-then


english: Her old fingers made shapes faster than the children's eyes could follow.
kuku: Nyungu biri jinbal bajaku, karrkay-karrkaymu miyil murruji wukurril.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["biri", "jinbal", "karrkay", "miyil", "wukurril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: murruji+finite
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
nyungu biri jinbal-baja-ku, karrkay-karrkay-mu miyil murruji wukurri-l | her fingers very fast; children's eyes cannot follow


english: The children tried and tangled and laughed until the rain stopped.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay kinkan, yajarrin, kaba dunganyjiku.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["karrkay", "kinkay", "yajarril", "kaba", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUCC as 'until'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay kinka-ny, yajarri-ny, kaba dunga-nyjiku | played laughed rain go-SUCC('until the rain stopped')


english: The children ran out to the wet world, and their feet made the first new tracks.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay warrin ngalkalba, jina jirakal bawanda.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["karrkay", "warri", "ngalkal", "jina", "jirakal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: FIX at review
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay warri-ny ngalkal-ba, jina jirakal bawa-ny-da | children ran outside, tracks new left-then


english: Granny watched them from the doorway, remembering her own wet seasons.
kuku: Babingka nyajin bayanmundu, wawu ngadikuka.
frame: perception_sub
words_used: ["babi", "nyajil", "bayan", "ngadiku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: recast 'remembering'
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka nyaji-ny bayan-mundu, wawu ngadiku-ka | granny watched doorway-ABESS, thinking long.ago-DAT


english: Every wet season the same, she said, and every one different.
kuku: Nyulu balkan: kaba yabarrka yalaku, yabarrka yindu.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["balkal", "kaba", "yala", "yindu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yindu attested [A 382/369]
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T01:43:44.257693+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:02:01.390770+00:00
analysis:
nyulu balka-ny: kaba yabarrka yala-ku, yabarrka yindu | quote: rains always same, always other — yindu 'other' ([A 369] yindu-yinduy attested)


kuku: Mukul dingkar bada dungan wawubajanga muduwajuny, kuljinga bundandan, kuyuka nyajil-nyajin bubanba.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: 3-clause; muduwajuny
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
Before dawn the old man walked down to the river, sat on a stone, and watched for the fish in the shallow water.

analysis:
mukul dingkar bada dunga-ny wawubaja-nga muduwaju-ny, kulji-nga bundanda-ny, kuyu-ka nyaji-l-nyaji-ny buban-ba | old man down went river-LOC dawn, stone-LOC sat, fish-DAT watched-REDUP shallow-LOC

words_used:
["mukul", "dingkar", "bada", "dungay", "wawubaja", "muduwajuny", "kulji", "bunday", "kuyu", "nyajil", "buban"]


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: double SUB adverbial
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
When the sun was high, the women dug yams in the ground and filled two dilly bags, laughing and talking the whole time.

kuku:
Wungar wangkar janan, jalbu-jalbungku wukay bakan bubungu, balji jambul mumban, yajarrinya balkanya.

analysis:
wungar wangkar jana-ny, jalbu-jalbu-ngku wukay baka-ny bubu-ngu, balji jambul mumba-ny, yajarri-nya balka-nya | sun high stood, women yams dug ground-LOC, bags two filled, laughing-SUB talking-SUB

words_used:
["wungar", "wangkar", "janay", "jalbu", "wukay", "bakal", "bubu", "balji", "jambul", "mumbal", "yajarril", "balkal"]


frame: jussive_quote
loans_used: []
evidence: IMP zero mana/bawa; kanbal 'some of'
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
english:
The children found turtle eggs in the warm sand, but grandad said: take only a few and leave the rest for next time.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkayangka ngawiyamu diburr nyajin jukara wumbulba; kamingka balkan: diburr kanbal nganga mana, yindu bawa wunkunka.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka ngawiya-mu diburr nyaji-ny jukar-a wumbul-ba; kami-ngka balka-ny: diburr kanbal nganga mana, yindu bawa wunkun-ka | children turtle-POSS eggs found sand-LOC warm-LOC; grandad said: eggs some only take-IMP, other leave-IMP tomorrow-DAT

words_used:
["karrkay", "ngawiya", "diburr", "nyajil", "jukar", "wumbul", "kami", "balkal", "kanbal", "nganga", "manil", "yindu", "bawal", "wunkun"]


kuku: Kalngangka kuyu yalbay daman, marrakanba kulbanya, yaburr kadan banamuny bada, maninda.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kalnga", "kuyu", "yalbay", "damal", "marrakan", "kulbal", "yaburr", "kaday", "bana", "manil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUB + ABL + -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
Uncle speared a big fish, but as he pulled it into the canoe a shark came up from the deep water and took it.

analysis:
kalnga-ngka kuyu yalbay dama-ny, marrakan-ba kulba-nya, yaburr kada-ny bana-muny bada, mani-ny-da | uncle fish big speared, canoe-LOC pull-SUB, shark came water-ABL down, took-then


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "kuyu", "wayjul", "nulu", "dajil", "wubul", "ngulkurr", "kujil", "wulbuman", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: relative-ish nyulurrku bundanday
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
Granny cooked the fish in the coals and gave it to everyone, but she kept the best piece for the old woman who lives alone.

kuku:
Babingka kuyu wayjun nulungu, jananda dajin wubulku, yambada ngulkurr bajaku kujin wulbumananka nyulurrku bundanday.

analysis:
babi-ngka kuyu waju-ny nulu-ngu, jana-nda daji-ny wubul-ku, yambada ngulkurr-baja-ku kuji-ny wulbuman-anka nyulu-rrku bundanda-y | granny fish cooked coals-LOC, 3pl-LOC gave all, but best kept old.woman-DAT 3sg-alone stays


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: embedded wanjabu content
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
The young men built a new shelter on the high ground, and the old people sat in the shade and told them where the strong wood stands.

kuku:
Warru-warrungku bayan jirakal ngaran wangkar bubungu, kamba-kamba wabarrba bundandan, jananda balkan juku junkurr wanjabu janay.

analysis:
warru-warru-ngku bayan jirakal ngara-ny wangkar bubu-ngu, kamba-kamba wabarr-ba bundanda-ny, jana-nda balka-ny juku junkurr wanjabu jana-y | young men shelter new built high ground-LOC, elders shade-LOC sat, 3pl-LOC told tree strong where stands

words_used:
["warru", "bayan", "jirakal", "ngaral", "wangkar", "bubu", "kamba", "wabarr", "bunday", "balkal", "juku", "junkurr"]


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wawubaja", "yalbay", "jukar", "nandal", "jurrkil", "wangkar", "kulji", "kudamundu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jurrkiji; LOC agreement
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
In the wet season the river rose and covered the sand, so everyone moved camp up behind the big rocks.

kuku:
Buluriji wawubaja yalbayman, jukar nandanda, jana wubulku jurrkijin wangkar kulji yalbaymba kudamundu.

analysis:
bulur-iji wawubaja yalbay-ma-ny, jukar nanda-ny-da, jana wubul-ku jurrki-ji-ny wangkar kulji yalbay-mba kudamundu | wet.season river grew, sand covered-then, all moved.camp up rock big-LOC behind


kuku: Kaya-kayangka kadar nyajin ngadiku, warrin maku jikan kalbaymba, yirrkanya jalamanya jukungu.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: double SUB manner
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
The dogs smelled the wallaby first and ran ahead into the long grass, barking and jumping over the logs.

analysis:
kaya-kaya-ngka kadar nyaji-ny ngadiku, warri-ny maku jikan kalbay-mba, yirrka-nya jalama-nya juku-ngu | dogs wallaby smelled earlier, ran straight grass long-LOC, barking-SUB jumping-SUB log-LOC

words_used:
["kaya", "kadar", "nyajil", "ngadiku", "warri", "maku", "jikan", "kalbay", "yirrkay", "jalamal", "juku"]


kuku: Bimayngka maral-maral milbin: dubal yurril, bananga yijarril, buyku kajal banaka junkurrji.
frame: jussive_purposive
words_used: ["bimay", "maral", "milbil", "dubal", "yurril", "bana", "yijarril", "buyku", "kajal", "junkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dubal=bark (Patz); 3-step how-to
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
Auntie showed the girls how to strip the bark, soak it in water, and tie it into a strong little water carrier.

analysis:
bimay-ngka maral-maral milbi-ny: dubal yurri-l, bana-nga yijarri-l, buyku kaja-l bana-ka junkurr-ji | auntie girls showed: bark scrape, water-LOC put, paperbark tie water-DAT strong-COMIT


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "kalka", "yalbay", "kulbal", "nganjan", "mara", "karrbal", "damal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nganjan father; mara hand (not biri)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
The child tried to lift the big spear but it was too heavy, so his father held his hands and they threw it.

kuku:
Karrkayangka kalka yalbay kulban, yambada yalbay bajaku; nganjanangka nyungu mara karrban, jana daman.

analysis:
karrkay-angka kalka yalbay kulba-ny, yambada yalbay-baja-ku; nganjan-angka nyungu mara karrba-ny, jana dama-ny | child spear big pulled(lifted), but very big; father his hand held, they threw


kuku: Wulbuman bayanga bundandan kunarangkal, wulngku badinya, ngamungka nyungu binalbungan nyulu buban.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wulbuman", "baya", "bunday", "kunarangkal", "wulngku badi", "ngamu", "binal", "buban"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ngamu mother; SUB singing
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
The old woman sat by the fire all night, singing the songs her mother taught her when she was small.

analysis:
wulbuman baya-nga bundanda-ny kunarangkal, wulngku badi-nya, ngamu-ngka nyungu binal-bunga-ny nyulu buban | old woman fire-LOC sat night, song sing-SUB, mother-ERG her taught she little


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: backgrounding SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
The men carried the canoes down to the sea before dawn and paddled out to the island while the women slept.

kuku:
Dingkar-dingkarangka marrakan wundin jalunba muduwajuny, burrira dungan, jalbu-jalbu warngku wunanya.

analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka marrakan wundi-ny jalun-ba muduwaju-ny, burrir-a dunga-ny, jalbu-jalbu warngku wuna-nya | men canoes carried sea-LOC dawn, island-LOC went, women sleeping-SUB

words_used:
["dingkar", "marrakan", "wundil", "jalun", "muduwajuny", "burrir", "dungay", "jalbu", "warngku", "wunay"]


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: SUCC 'before'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
On the island the men found many turtle eggs, filled their bags, and came home singing before the sun was high.

kuku:
Burrira dingkar-dingkarangka diburr wubul nyajin, balji mumban, bayanba kadan wulngku badinya wungar wangkar jananyjiku.

analysis:
burrir-a dingkar-dingkar-angka diburr wubul nyaji-ny, balji mumba-ny, bayan-ba kada-ny wulngku badi-nya wungar wangkar jana-nyjiku | island men eggs many found, bags filled, home came singing-SUB sun high stand-SUCC

words_used:
["burrir", "dingkar", "diburr", "wubul", "nyajil", "balji", "mumbal", "bayan", "kaday", "wulngku badi", "wungar", "wangkar"]


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: perception SUB + manner SUB
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
english:
The children waited on the beach all morning, and when they saw the canoes coming they ran into the water shouting with joy.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay jukara bundandan wunkuwingku, marrakan kadanya nyajin, bananga warrin yirrkanya wawu-mini.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay jukar-a bundanda-ny wunkuwingku, marrakan kada-nya nyaji-ny, bana-nga warri-ny yirrka-nya wawu-mini | children beach-LOC waited morning, canoes coming-SUB saw, water-LOC ran shouting-SUB glad

words_used:
["karrkay", "jukar", "bunday", "wunkuwingku", "marrakan", "kaday", "nyajil", "bana", "warri", "yirrkay", "wawu-mini"]


kuku: Kamingka kuyu julurrin bananga, babingka baya wajunya, jana wubulku wawu-mini mayika.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kami", "kuyu", "julurril", "bana", "babi", "baya", "wayjul", "wawu-mini", "mayi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: backgrounding SUB; glad-DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
Grandad washed the fish by the water while granny made the fire, and soon everyone was glad for the food.

analysis:
kami-ngka kuyu julurri-ny bana-nga, babi-ngka baya waju-nya, jana wubul-ku wawu-mini mayi-ka | grandad fish washed water-LOC, granny fire making-SUB, all glad food-DAT


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: dawar-ma-l INCHO; topic DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
The old man told the children a story about the two brothers who became stars and still watch over the country at night.

kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka karrkay-karrkay kuku balkan yaba-yabaka, jana dawarman, bubu nyajil-nyajil yabarrka kunarangkal.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka karrkay-karrkay kuku balka-ny yaba-yaba-ka, jana dawar-ma-ny, bubu nyaji-l-nyaji-l yabarrka kunarangkal | old man children story told brothers-DAT, they became-stars, country watch-REDUP always night

words_used:
["mukul", "dingkar", "karrkay", "kuku", "balkal", "yaba", "dawar", "nyajil", "yabarrka", "kunarangkal"]


kuku: Muyar yalbay kadanya, kamba-kambangka bayan kajan yibuynju, karrkay-karrkay bayanba yijarrin.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["muyar", "yalbay", "kaday", "kamba", "bayan", "kajal", "yibuy", "karrkay", "yijarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: temporal SUB; INST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
When the big wind came, the old people tied the shelters down with cane and put the little children inside.

analysis:
muyar yalbay kada-nya, kamba-kamba-ngka bayan kaja-ny yibuy-nju, karrkay-karrkay bayan-ba yijarri-ny | wind big coming-SUB, elders shelter tied cane-INST, children shelter-LOC put


kuku: Kaba daran wungar kulur, kari dungan; karrkay-karrkay karraji kinkan, kuku milka-jananya bayanba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaba", "daray", "wungar", "kulur", "karrkay", "karra", "kinkay", "kuku", "milka", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: karra string; wungar 'day'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
The rain fell for three days without stopping, and the children played string games and listened to stories inside the shelter.

analysis:
kaba dara-ny wungar kulur, kari dunga-ny; karrkay-karrkay karra-ji kinka-ny, kuku milka-jana-nya bayan-ba | rain fell days three, NEG stopped; children string-COMIT played, stories listening-SUB shelter-LOC


kuku: Warrungku yinya wungar kadar nyubun daman; kalngangka balkan: minya daya kamba-kambanka wubulku.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["warru", "kadar", "damal", "wungar", "kalnga", "balkal", "minya", "dajil", "kamba", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: TEMP3 -ngarr; daya suppletive IMP
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
The young man speared his first wallaby that day, and his uncle said: give the meat to all the old people.

analysis:
warru-ngku yinya wungar kadar nyubun dama-ny; kalnga-ngka balka-ny: minya daya kamba-kamba-nka wubul-ku | young.man that day wallaby first/one speared; uncle said: meat give.IMP elders-DAT all


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: [A 428b] wujurr-bu; LOC agreement
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
english:
The women walked a long way to the good yam ground, dug all afternoon, and carried the heavy bags home in the dark.

kuku:
Jalbu-jalbu jilba dungan kalakalbay wukay bubungu ngulkurrbu, bakan yilay-yilay, balji yalbay wundin bayanba wujurrbu.

analysis:
jalbu-jalbu jilba dunga-ny kala-kalbay wukay bubu-ngu ngulkurr-bu, baka-ny yilay-yilay, balji yalbay wundi-ny bayan-ba wujurr-bu | women walked far yam ground-LOC good-LOC, dug afternoon, bags heavy carried home dark-LOC

words_used:
["jalbu", "jilba", "dungay", "kalbay", "wukay", "bubu", "ngulkurr", "bakal", "yilay-yilay", "balji", "yalbay", "wundil", "wujurr"]


frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["babi", "ngawa", "bunday", "balkal", "bana", "bada", "junkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bunda-mani-l CAUS; prohibition
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
Granny sat the little ones down and told them never to go near the deep water alone, because the water there is strong.

kuku:
Babingka ngawa-ngawa bundamanin, jananda balkan: kari dungay bana badaka nyulurrku, bana junkurr yinyay.

analysis:
babi-ngka ngawa-ngawa bunda-mani-ny, jana-nda balka-ny: kari dunga-y bana bada-ka nyulu-rrku, bana junkurr yinyay | granny babies sat-CAUS, 3pl-LOC said: NEG go water deep-DAT alone, water strong there


kuku: Kaya jambul kuniwan bajibayka, babingka bana yilban jananda, jana warngku wunanda bayanga wunbuku.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: RECIP; nganjarr-ku
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
The two dogs fought over the bone until granny threw water on them, and then they lay down quiet by the fire.

analysis:
kaya jambul kuni-wa-ny bajibay-ka, babi-ngka bana yilba-ny jana-nda, jana warngku wuna-ny-da baya-nga wunbu-ku | dogs two fought bone-DAT, granny water threw 3pl-LOC, they lay-then fire-LOC quietly [nganjarr→wunbu: nganjarr unattested; dict wunbu 'quiet']

words_used:
["kaya", "jambul", "kunil", "bajibay", "babi", "bana", "yilbal", "warngku", "wunay", "baya", "nganjarr"]


kuku: Jalun dunganya, karrkay-karrkay warrin jukar dunanga, bulkiji bangkan baljinga wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalun", "dungay", "karrkay", "warri", "jukar", "duna", "bulkiji", "bangkal", "balji", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: temporal SUB; bangkal gather
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
When the tide went out, the children ran across the wet sand and gathered shells in their dilly bags.

analysis:
jalun dunga-nya, karrkay-karrkay warri-ny jukar duna-nga, bulkiji bangka-ny balji-nga wubul-ku | tide going-SUB, children ran sand wet-LOC, shells gathered bag-LOC all


frame: jussive_quote
loans_used: []
evidence: bubu-bu neutral ERG; kaki
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:12:41.240123+00:00
english:
The old man said that the country gives everything the people need, if they take only what they need and always give thanks.

kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka balkan: bububu dajil yambayamba jananda, kaki jana kanbal nganga manil, ngulkurr balkal yabarrka.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka balka-ny: bubu-bu daji-l yambayamba jana-nda, kaki jana kanbal nganga mani-l, ngulkurr balka-l yabarrka | old man said: country-ERG(neutral) gives everything 3pl-LOC, if they some only take, good say always

words_used:
["mukul", "dingkar", "balkal", "bubu", "dajil", "yambayamba", "kanbal", "nganga", "manil", "ngulkurr", "yabarrka"]


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: payoff; bulur season
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:09:27.800087+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
That night the people danced and sang around the big fire, and the old woman said it was the best season of all.

kuku:
Yinya kunarangkal jana wurin, wulngku badin baya yalbaymba, wulbumanangka balkan: yanyu wungar ngulkurr bajaku.

analysis:
yinya kunarangkal jana wuri-ny, wulngku badi-ny baya yalbay-mba, wulbuman-angka balka-ny: yanyu wungar ngulkurr-baja-ku | that night they danced, sang fire big-LOC, old.woman said: these days very good

words_used:
["kunarangkal", "wuri", "wulngku badi", "baya", "yalbay", "wulbuman", "balkal", "bulur", "ngulkurr"]


kuku: Muduwajuny yaba jambul kalka kaya-kaya manin, madjanga dungan kadarka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["muduwajuny", "yaba", "jambul", "kalka", "kaya", "manil", "madja", "dungay", "kadar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: purpose DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
english:
Early in the morning the two brothers took their spears and dogs and went into the scrub to hunt wallaby.

analysis:
muduwaju-ny yaba jambul kalka kaya-kaya mani-ny, madja-nga dunga-ny kadar-ka | dawn brothers two spears dogs took, scrub-LOC went wallaby-DAT


english: The dogs found a bandicoot in the long grass and chased it until it ran into a hollow log.
kuku: Kaya-kayangka kulngu nyajin jikan kalbaymba, wukurrin, kulngu walan jukungu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaya", "kulngu", "nyajil", "jikan", "kalbay", "wukurril", "walal", "juku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wukurril chase
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
kaya-kaya-ngka kulngu nyaji-ny jikan kalbay-mba, wukurri-ny, kulngu wala-ny juku-ngu | dogs bandicoot found grass long-LOC, chased, bandicoot entered log-LOC


kuku: Yabajungku juku yakan waymbilda, yaba kaya-kaya karrbanya, kulngu murruji warri.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["yabaju", "juku", "yakal", "waymbil", "yaba", "kaya", "karrbal", "kulngu", "murruji", "warri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUB; murruji+NONPAST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:22:22.045769+00:00
english:
The younger brother cut open the log with his axe while the older one held the dogs, so it could not get away.

analysis:
yabaju-ngku juku yaka-ny waymbil-da, yaba kaya-kaya karrba-nya, kulngu murruji warri-y | yB-ERG log cut axe-INST, eB dogs holding-SUB, bandicoot unable run(warri, -y drops after i)


english: They caught the bandicoot, thanked the dogs, sat down in the shade, and the sun was high overhead.
kuku: Jana kulngu karrban, kaya-kaya ngulkurr balkan, wabarrba bundandan, wungar wangkar janan.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: 4-clause
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
jana kulngu karrba-ny, kaya-kaya ngulkurr balka-ny, wabarr-ba bundanda-ny, wungar wangkar jana-ny | they bandicoot caught, dogs good said(thanked), shade-LOC sat, sun high stood

words_used:
["kulngu", "karrbal", "kaya", "ngulkurr", "balkal", "wabarr", "bunday", "wungar", "wangkar", "janay"]


english: On the way home they saw big storm clouds over the mountain and hurried their steps.
kuku: Bayanka dunganya, jana ngurrban yalbay nyajin manjalba, jinbalku dungan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["bayan", "dungay", "ngurrban", "yalbay", "nyajil", "manjal", "jinbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: motion SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
bayan-ka dunga-nya, jana ngurrban yalbay nyaji-ny manjal-ba, jinbal-ku dunga-ny | home-DAT going-SUB, they clouds big saw mountain-LOC, fast went


english: They reached the camp just as the big rain began to fall, and everyone went inside the shelters.
kuku: Jana bayanba kadan, kaba yalbay daran, jana wubulku bayanba walanda.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["bayan", "kaday", "kaba", "yalbay", "daray", "walal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: -da
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
jana bayan-ba kada-ny, kaba yalbay dara-ny, jana wubul-ku bayan-ba wala-ny-da | they camp-LOC came, rain big fell, all shelter-LOC entered-then


kuku: Maral buban wumbul, badin kunarangkal wubulku, ngamungka nyungu ngundu bundandan, mara karrbanya.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["maral", "buban", "wumbul", "badi", "kunarangkal", "ngamu", "ngundu", "bunday", "mara", "karrbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUB; ngamu
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
english:
The little girl was hot with fever and cried all night, and her mother sat beside her holding her hand.

analysis:
maral buban wumbul, badi-ny kunarangkal wubul-ku, ngamu-ngka nyungu ngundu bundanda-ny, mara karrba-nya | girl little hot, cried night all, mother-ERG her near sat, hand holding-SUB


kuku: Wunkuwingku kami madjanga dungan, yangka wundin baja, maralka wumbulka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wunkuwingku", "kami", "madja", "dungay", "nyirran", "wundil", "maral", "wumbul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: [grammar 689] green ant medicine
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
english:
In the morning grandad went into the scrub and brought back green ant medicine for the girl's fever.

analysis:
wunkuwingku kami madja-nga dunga-ny, yangka wundi-ny baja, maral-ka wumbul-ka | morning grandad scrub-LOC went, green.ants(yangka) brought back, girl-DAT fever-DAT


english: Granny made a warm drink and the child slept at last, and by midday the fever had gone.
kuku: Babingka diyi wumbul wajun, karrkay warngku wunanda, wungar wangkar wumbul dunganda.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "diyi", "wumbul", "wayjul", "karrkay", "warngku", "wunay", "wungar", "wangkar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: chain
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka diyi wumbul waju-ny, karrkay warngku wuna-ny-da, wungar wangkar wumbul dunga-ny-da | granny tea warm made, child slept-then, sun high fever went-then


english: The mother thanked the old people and said: the old ways still hold good, even now.
kuku: Ngamungka kamba-kamba ngulkurr balkan: yala ngadiku ngulkurr yabarrka, nyikuda.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["ngamu", "kamba", "ngulkurr", "balkal", "yala", "ngadiku", "yabarrka", "nyiku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nyiku-da clitic
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
ngamu-ngka kamba-kamba ngulkurr balka-ny: yala ngadiku ngulkurr yabarrka, nyiku-da | mother-ERG elders good said(thanked): way old good always, now-too


english: That evening the little girl ate a little food and smiled, and everyone in the camp was glad.
kuku: Yilay-yilay maral buban mayi buban nukan, wawu-mini, jana wubulku bayanba wawu-mini.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["yilay-yilay", "maral", "buban", "mayi", "nukal", "wawu-mini", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 'smiled'=wawu-mini
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
yilay-yilay maral buban mayi buban nuka-ny, wawu-mini, jana wubul-ku bayan-ba wawu-mini | evening girl little food little ate, happy, all camp-LOC glad


english: The old man chose a big straight tree near the river to carve a new canoe.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka juku yalbay manin wawubaja ngundu, marrakan jirakal yakanka.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: PURP yakanka
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka juku yalbay mani-ny wawubaja ngundu, marrakan jirakal yaka-nka | old man tree big chose river near, canoe new cut-PURP

words_used:
["mukul", "dingkar", "juku", "yalbay", "manil", "wawubaja", "ngundu", "marrakan", "jirakal", "yakal"]


english: He and his sons cut the tree down, hollowed it with fire and stone axes, and worked for many days.
kuku: Nyulu dabalji juku dakandin, bayaji kuljiji bakan, kirrajin wungar wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dabal", "juku", "dakandil", "baya", "kulji", "bakal", "kirraji", "wungar", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: multi-COMIT; dakandil fell
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
nyulu dabal-ji juku dakandi-ny, baya-ji kulji-ji baka-ny, kirraji-ny wungar wubul-ku | he sons-COMIT tree felled, fire-COMIT stone-COMIT hollowed, worked days many


english: When the canoe was finished, they carried it to the water, and it sat well and true on the river.
kuku: Marrakan ngulkurrmanda, jana wundin bananga, marrakan wawubajanga ngulkurr bundandan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["marrakan", "ngulkurr", "wundil", "bana", "wawubaja", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INCHO 'finished'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
marrakan ngulkurr-ma-ny-da, jana wundi-ny bana-nga, marrakan wawubaja-nga ngulkurr bundanda-ny | canoe good-INCHO-then(finished), they carried water-LOC, canoe river-LOC good sat(floated)


english: The young men were proud, and the old man told them: a good canoe carries the whole family safely.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["warru", "wawu-mini", "mukul", "dingkar", "balkal", "marrakan", "ngulkurr", "jawun", "wundil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jawunkarra [grammar 1357]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
kuku:
Warru-warru wawu-mini, mukulungku dingkarangka balkan: marrakan ngulkurr jawunkarra wundil ngulkurrku.

analysis:
warru-warru wawu-mini, mukul-ungku dingkar-angka balka-ny: marrakan ngulkurr jawun-karra wundi-l ngulkurr-ku | young men proud, old man said: canoe good family carries well


english: The next morning they took the new canoe out to the fishing grounds and came back full of fish.
kuku: Wunkun wunkuwingku jana marrakan jirakal wundin kuyumba, bayanba kadan kuyuji.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wunkun", "wunkuwingku", "marrakan", "jirakal", "wundil", "kuyu", "bayan", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: COMIT 'full of'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
wunkun wunkuwingku jana marrakan jirakal wundi-ny kuyu-mba, bayan-ba kada-ny kuyu-ji | next morning they canoe new took fish-LOC(grounds), home came fish-COMIT


kuku: Marral wungara bana buban marralmanda, wulbumanangka maral milbin bana wanjabu ngakiji.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["marral", "wungar", "bana", "buban", "wulbuman", "maral", "milbil", "ngakil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ngaki-ji REFL; E-017
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
In the dry time the small waterholes dried up, and the old woman showed the girl where the hidden water stays.

analysis:
marral wungar-a bana buban marral-ma-ny-da, wulbuman-angka maral milbi-ny bana wanjabu ngaki-ji-y | dry time-LOC water little dried-then, old.woman-ERG girl showed water where hides-REFL


english: Dig here, under the big rock where the ground stays cool, she said, and you will always find water.
kuku: Yaluy baka, kulji yalbay bada, bubu kiway yinyay; nyulu balkan: yundu bana nyajil yabarrka.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["yaluy", "bakal", "kulji", "yalbay", "bubu", "kiway", "balkal", "bana", "nyajil", "yabarrka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: IMP zero baka
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
yaluy baka-∅, kulji yalbay bada, bubu kiway yinyay; nyulu balka-ny: yundu bana nyaji-l yabarrka | here dig-IMP, rock big under, ground cool there; she said: you water find always


english: The girl dug where she was told, and soon the water came up into the hole, cold and fresh.
kuku: Maralangka bakan wanjabu milbinya, bana kadan wangkar bubungu, kiway jirakal.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["maral", "bakal", "milbil", "bana", "kaday", "wangkar", "bubu", "kiway", "jirakal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: relative SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
maral-angka baka-ny wanjabu milbi-nya, bana kada-ny wangkar bubu-ngu, kiway jirakal | girl-ERG dug where shown-SUB, water came up ground-LOC, cold fresh


kuku: Kari milka-wula yanyu bubu, wulbumanangka balkan. Bububu bana kujil jananka binalka.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["milka", "bubu", "wulbuman", "balkal", "bana", "kujil", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: milka-wulay 'forget' [grammar 3410]; bubu-bu neutral
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
english:
Never forget this place, the old woman said. The country keeps water for those who know where to look.

analysis:
kari milka-wula-∅ yanyu bubu, wulbuman-angka balka-ny. bubu-bu bana kuji-l jana-nka binal-ka | NEG forget-IMP this place, old.woman said. country-ERG(neutral) water keeps 3pl-DAT knowing-DAT


english: The girl carried the cold water back to the camp, and everyone drank and was glad.
kuku: Maralangka bana kiway wundin bayanba, jana wubulku nukan, wawu-mini.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["maral", "bana", "kiway", "wundil", "bayan", "nukal", "wawu-mini"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nukal 'drink'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
maral-angka bana kiway wundi-ny bayan-ba, jana wubul-ku nuka-ny, wawu-mini | girl-ERG water cold carried camp-LOC, all drank, glad


english: One evening a family came walking from the south, tired and hungry after a long journey.
kuku: Yilay-yilay jawunkarra jibarrmundu kadan, jilba kalakalbaymundu, jana baja-burray dakwuy.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["yilay-yilay", "jawun", "jibarr", "kaday", "jilba", "kalbay", "baja-burray", "dakwuy"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ABL; baja-burray tired
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
yilay-yilay jawun-karra jibarr-mundu kada-ny, jilba kalakalbay-mundu, jana baja-burray dakwuy | evening family south-ABESS came, walk far-ABESS([A109]), they tired hungry


english: The people welcomed them, gave them fish and damper, and made a place for them by the fire.
kuku: Jana janangan ngulkurr manin, kuyu damba dajin, bayanga bubu yijarrin jananka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["janangan", "ngulkurr", "manil", "kuyu", "damba", "dajil", "baya", "bubu", "yijarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ACC; 3-clause
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
jana janangan ngulkurr mani-ny, kuyu damba daji-ny, baya-nga bubu yijarri-ny jana-nka | they 3pl.ACC well received, fish damper gave, fire-LOC place made 3pl-DAT


english: The visitors told news of their own country, and the two camps talked late into the night.
kuku: Jawunkarrangka kuku balkan nyungu bubuka, jana jambul balkan kunarangkal wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jawun", "kuku", "balkal", "bubu", "jambul", "kunarangkal", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: topic DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
jawun-karra-ngka kuku balka-ny nyungu bubu-ka, jana jambul balka-ny kunarangkal wubul-ku | visitors-ERG news told their country-DAT(about), they two talked night all


english: In the morning the two families shared a big meal, and all the children played together.
kuku: Wunkuwingku jawunkarra jambul mayi yalbay nukan, karrkay-karrkay wubulku kinkan baja.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wunkuwingku", "jawun", "jambul", "mayi", "yalbay", "nukal", "karrkay", "kinkay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: chain
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
wunkuwingku jawun-karra jambul mayi yalbay nuka-ny, karrkay-karrkay wubul-ku kinka-ny baja | morning families two food big ate, children all played


kuku: Jawunkarra dunganya, babingka mayi dajin jilbaka, balkan: kaday baja buluriji.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["jawun", "dungay", "babi", "mayi", "dajil", "jilba", "balkal", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bulur-iji [A 540]
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
english:
When the visitors left, granny gave them food for the journey and told them to come back in the cold season.

analysis:
jawun-karra dunga-nya, babi-ngka mayi daji-ny jilba-ka, balka-ny: kada-y baja bulur-iji | visitors going-SUB, granny food gave journey-DAT, said: come again cold.season


kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka kalka buban yakan yibuynju yilay-yilay wubulku, yilban jukungu bubanba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "kalka", "buban", "yakal", "yibuy", "yilay-yilay", "yilbal", "juku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
english:
The children spent the whole afternoon making little spears from cane and throwing them at a soft mark.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka kalka buban yaka-ny yibuy-nju yilay-yilay wubul-ku, yilba-ny juku-ngu buban-ba | children spears little cut cane-INST afternoon all, threw stick-LOC soft-LOC


english: The smallest boy could not throw far, but he kept trying until his little spear stuck in the wood.
kuku: Karrkay buban bajaku murruji yilbal kalakalbay, yambada yilbal-yilban, kalka buban jukungu janan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "buban", "murruji", "yilbal", "kalbay", "kalka", "juku", "janay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: REDUP persistence
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
karrkay buban-baja-ku murruji yilba-l kala-kalbay, yambada yilba-l-yilba-ny, kalka buban juku-ngu jana-ny | child smallest unable throw far, but threw-REDUP, spear little wood-LOC stood(stuck)


english: Everyone laughed with joy, and the old man said: that child will be a good hunter one day.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["yajarril", "wawu-mini", "mukul", "dingkar", "balkal", "karrkay", "ngulkurr", "kaday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: mala-minya §3.2.3.7 'expert-at' — probe
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
kuku:
Jana wubulku yajarrin wawu-mini, mukulungku dingkarangka balkan: yinya karrkay mala-minya ngulkurr kaday.

analysis:
jana wubul-ku yajarri-ny wawu-mini, mukul-ungku dingkar-angka balka-ny: yinya karrkay mala-minya ngulkurr kada-y | all laughed glad, old man said: that child hunter good will.become


english: As the sun went down, the girls sang while the boys built up the fire for the evening meal.
kuku: Wungar bada dunganya, maral-maral wulngku badin, dabalangka baya wajun mayika.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "bada", "dungay", "maral", "wulngku badi", "dabal", "baya", "wayjul", "mayi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: backgrounding SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
wungar bada dunga-nya, maral-maral wulngku badi-ny, dabal-angka baya waju-ny mayi-ka | sun down going-SUB, girls sang, boys fire made food-DAT


english: That night the whole camp ate together and told stories until the little ones fell asleep.
kuku: Yinya kunarangkal jana wubulku mayi nukan, kuku balkan, ngawa-ngawa warngku wunanyjiku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kunarangkal", "mayi", "nukal", "kuku", "balkal", "ngawa", "warngku", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUCC 'until'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
yinya kunarangkal jana wubul-ku mayi nuka-ny, kuku balka-ny, ngawa-ngawa warngku wuna-nyjiku | that night all food ate, stories told, babies sleep-SUCC


english: Grandad watched the clouds all day and said the big rains would come before the moon was full.
kuku: Kami ngurrban nyajin wungar wubulku, balkan: kaba yalbay kaday, kija yalbaymanyjiku.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["kami", "ngurrban", "nyajil", "wungar", "kaba", "yalbay", "kaday", "kija"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUCC 'before'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
kami ngurrban nyaji-ny wungar wubul-ku, balka-ny: kaba yalbay kada-y, kija yalbay-ma-nyjiku | grandad clouds watched day all, said: rain big will.come, moon full-SUCC


english: The turtles came up onto the beach that night to lay their eggs in the warm sand.
kuku: Ngawiya-ngawiya jukara kadan yinya kunarangkal, diburr yijarrinka jukara wumbulba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["ngawiya", "jukar", "kaday", "kunarangkal", "diburr", "yijarril", "wumbul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: PURP yijarrinka
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
analysis:
ngawiya-ngawiya jukar-a kada-ny yinya kunarangkal, diburr yijarri-nka jukar-a wumbul-ba | turtles beach-LOC came that night, eggs put-PURP sand-LOC warm-LOC


english: The men waited quietly in the dark and took only a few turtles, leaving the rest to lay in peace.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: wunbu quiet; [A428b] wujurr-bu
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
kuku:
Dingkar-dingkar wunbu bundandan wujurrbu, ngawiya kanbal nganga manin, yindu bawan, diburr yijarril yinyay.

analysis:
dingkar-dingkar wunbu bundanda-ny wujurr-bu, ngawiya kanbal nganga mani-ny, yindu bawa-ny, diburr yijarri-l yinyay | men quiet sat dark-LOC, turtles some only took, rest left, eggs lay-NONPAST there

words_used:
["dingkar", "wunbu", "bunday", "wujurr", "ngawiya", "kanbal", "nganga", "manil", "yindu", "bawal", "diburr", "yijarril"]


english: Granny cooked the turtle eggs in the coals, and there was food for every family in the camp.
kuku: Babingka ngawiyamu diburr wayjun nulungu, mayi janan bayanba jawunkarra wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "ngawiya", "diburr", "wayjul", "nulu", "mayi", "janay", "bayan", "jawun"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 'there was'=janay
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka ngawiya-mu diburr waju-ny nulu-ngu, mayi jana-ny bayan-ba jawun-karra wubul-ku | granny turtle-POSS eggs cooked coals-LOC, food was camp-LOC families all


kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka yinya kunarangkal binalman ngawiyamu jina nyajinka, wanjabu ngamu dunganya.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "kunarangkal", "binal", "ngawiya", "jina", "nyajil", "ngamu", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: PURP nyajinka; content SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
english:
The children learned that night how to find the turtle tracks and read which way the mother had gone.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka yinya kunarangkal binal-ma-ny ngawiya-mu jina nyaji-nka, wanjabu ngamu dunga-nya | children that night learned turtle-POSS tracks find-PURP, where mother going-SUB


kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka balkan: kanbal mana, ngamu bawa, ngawiya janay karrkaymu karrkayka.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "balkal", "kanbal", "manil", "ngamu", "bawal", "ngawiya", "janay", "karrkay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: IMP zero; POSS-DAT chain
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
english:
The old man said: take what you need, leave the mother, and there will be turtles for your children's children.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka balka-ny: kanbal mana, ngamu bawa-∅, ngawiya jana-y karrkay-mu karrkay-ka | old man said: some take-IMP, mother leave-IMP, turtles will.be child-POSS child-DAT


english: The rains came, just as grandad had said, and the whole country turned green again.
kuku: Kaba kadan, yala kamingka balkan, bubu wubulku jirakalmanda baja.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaba", "kaday", "yala", "kami", "balkal", "bubu", "wubul", "jirakal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jirakal-ma 'turn green'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
kaba kada-ny, yala kami-ngka balka-ny, bubu wubul-ku jirakal-ma-ny-da baja | rain came, like grandad said, country all green-INCHO-then again


english: The waterholes filled, the grass grew tall, and the animals came back to the good country.
kuku: Bana buray mumbajinda, jikan kalbaymanda, minya-minya kadan baja bubungu ngulkurrbu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["bana", "buray", "mumbal", "jikan", "kalbay", "minya", "kaday", "bubu", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INCHO; LOC agreement
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
analysis:
bana buray mumba-ji-ny-da, jikan kalbay-ma-ny-da, minya-minya kada-ny baja bubu-ngu ngulkurr-bu | water spring filled-MID-then, grass tall-INCHO-then, animals came back country-LOC good-LOC


english: And the people were glad, for the old man had read the clouds truly, as the old people always do.
kuku: Jana wubulku wawu-mini, mukulungku dingkarangka ngurrban nyajin nguymal, yala kamba-kamba yabarrka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wawu-mini", "mukul", "dingkar", "ngurrban", "nyajil", "nguymal", "yala", "kamba", "yabarrka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nguymal 'truly'; payoff
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:18:59.726535+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:21:57.720523+00:00
analysis:
jana wubul-ku wawu-mini, mukul-ungku dingkar-angka ngurrban nyaji-ny nguymal, yala kamba-kamba yabarrka | all glad, old man clouds read truly, like elders always


kuku: Yilay-yilay wumbulba jinkalmu bayanba walan, karrkay-karrkay warrin, kamba-kambanka yirrkan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["yilay-yilay", "wumbul", "jinkalmu", "bayan", "walal", "karrkay", "warri", "kamba", "yirrkay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jinkalmu 'brown snake'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
One hot afternoon a brown snake came into the camp, and the children ran and called out to the old people.

analysis:
yilay-yilay wumbul-ba jinkalmu bayan-ba wala-ny, karrkay-karrkay warri-ny, kamba-kamba-nka yirrka-ny | afternoon hot-LOC brown.snake camp-LOC entered, children ran, elders-DAT called


english: Grandad came quietly with his long stick, hit the snake, and it soon died on the warm ground.
kuku: Kami wunbu kadan juku kalbayji, jinkalmu kunin, jinkalmu kalbarrmanda bubungu wumbulba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kami", "wunbu", "kaday", "juku", "kalbay", "jinkalmu", "kunil", "kalbarr", "bubu", "wumbul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kunil 'hit'; kalbarr-ma-l 'die'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
kami wunbu kada-ny juku kalbay-ji, jinkalmu kuni-ny, jinkalmu kalbarr-ma-ny-da bubu-ngu wumbul-ba | grandad quiet came stick long-COMIT, snake hit, snake dead-INCHO-then ground-LOC warm-LOC


kuku: Wulbumanangka balkan: kari jarba karrba, kalbarrbu baja; jina wanjabu nyaka yabarrka.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["wulbuman", "balkal", "jarba", "karrbal", "kalbarr", "jina", "nyajil", "yabarrka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: IMP zero karrba; nyaka suppletive
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
english:
The old woman told the children: never touch a snake, even a dead one, and always watch where you put your feet.

analysis:
wulbuman-angka balka-ny: kari jarba karrba-∅, kalbarr-bu baja; jina wanjabu nyaka yabarrka | old.woman said: NEG snake touch-IMP, dead-one too; foot where look-IMP always


english: In the morning the men went up the rocky hill to hunt goanna among the warm stones.
kuku: Wunkuwingku dingkar-dingkar wangkar dungan manjalba, jadika nyajil-nyajin kulji wumbulba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wunkuwingku", "dingkar", "wangkar", "dungay", "manjal", "jadi", "nyajil", "kulji", "wumbul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jadi 'sand goanna'; purpose DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
wunkuwingku dingkar-dingkar wangkar dunga-ny manjal-ba, jadi-ka nyaji-l-nyaji-ny kulji wumbul-ba | morning men up went hill-LOC, goanna-DAT searched-REDUP stone warm-LOC


english: A big goanna ran up a tree, but the youngest man climbed after it and shook it down to the dogs.
kuku: Jadi yalbay jukungu dakan, yabajungku wukurrin dakan, jukumuny yilban kaya-kayanka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jadi", "yalbay", "juku", "dakal", "yabaju", "wukurril", "yilbal", "kaya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dakal climb; ABL
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
jadi yalbay juku-ngu daka-ny, yabaju-ngku wukurri-ny daka-ny, juku-muny yilba-ny kaya-kaya-nka | goanna big tree-LOC climbed, yB-ERG followed climbed, tree-ABL threw dogs-DAT


english: The dogs caught the goanna, the men thanked them, and shared the meat that evening.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaya", "jadi", "karrbal", "dingkar", "ngulkurr", "balkal", "minya", "dajil", "yilay-yilay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: chain
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
kuku:
Kaya-kayangka jadi karrban, dingkar-dingkarangka kaya-kaya ngulkurr balkan, minya dajin yilay-yilay.

analysis:
kaya-kaya-ngka jadi karrba-ny, dingkar-dingkar-angka kaya-kaya ngulkurr balka-ny, minya daji-ny yilay-yilay | dogs goanna caught, men dogs thanked, meat shared evening


english: Goanna is good fat meat, said the old man, but you must cook it well on the coals.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka balkan: jadi minya ngulkurr, yambada wayju ngulkurrku nulungu.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "balkal", "jadi", "minya", "ngulkurr", "wayjul", "nulu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: IMP zero wayju
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka balka-ny: jadi minya ngulkurr, yambada waju-∅ ngulkurr-ku nulu-ngu | old man said: goanna meat good, but cook-IMP well coals-LOC


english: The children watched: the old man cut the meat and gave the best parts to the elders first.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay nyajin: mukulungku minya yakan, ngulkurr kamba-kambanka dajinyarr.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "nyajil", "mukul", "minya", "yakal", "ngulkurr", "kamba", "dajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: TEMP3 ngarr (separate clitic)
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:54:59.162642+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay nyaji-ny: mukul-ungku minya yaka-ny, ngulkurr kamba-kamba-nka daji-ny ngarr | children watched: old man meat cut, good elders-DAT gave first


english: In the wet season the women went to the swamp to gather water lily roots and seeds for food.
kuku: Buluriji jalbu-jalbu walngkanga dungan, kababinamu ngara diburr bangkanka mayika.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalbu", "walngka", "dungay", "kababina", "ngara", "diburr", "bangkal", "mayi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kababina lily; ngara root; PURP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
bulur-iji jalbu-jalbu walngka-nga dunga-ny, kababina-mu ngara diburr bangka-nka mayi-ka | wet.season women swamp-LOC went, water.lily-POSS root seed gather-PURP food-DAT


kuku: Kambal-kambal bada kiway, yambada jalbu-jalbu yajarrin, ngara bakan marabu jukubu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kambal-kambal", "bada", "kiway", "jalbu", "yajarril", "ngara", "bakal", "mara", "juku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: multi-INST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
english:
The mud was deep and cold, but the women laughed and dug the roots with their hands and long sticks.

analysis:
kambal-kambal bada kiway, yambada jalbu-jalbu yajarri-ny, ngara baka-ny mara-bu juku-bu | mud deep cold, but women laughed, roots dug hand-INST stick-INST


english: The children played in the shallow water and caught little frogs, but let them all go again.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay bananga bubanba kinkan, yuday buban karrban, yambada bawan baja wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "bana", "buban", "kinkay", "yuday", "karrbal", "bawal", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yuday frog
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay bana-nga buban-ba kinka-ny, yuday buban karrba-ny, yambada bawa-ny baja wubul-ku | children water-LOC shallow-LOC played, frogs little caught, but let.go again all


english: By the middle of the day the bags were full of lily roots and the women started for home.
kuku: Wungar wangkar janan, balji kababinamu ngaraji mumban, jalbu-jalbu bayanka dungan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "wangkar", "janay", "balji", "kababina", "ngara", "mumbal", "jalbu", "bayan", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: COMIT 'full of'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
wungar wangkar jana-ny, balji kababina-mu ngara-ji mumba-ny, jalbu-jalbu bayan-ka dunga-ny | sun high stood, bags water.lily-POSS root-COMIT filled, women home-DAT went


kuku: Babingka ngara wajun nulungu, karrkay-karrkay nukan wubulku, damba-mun ngulkurr.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "ngara", "wayjul", "nulu", "karrkay", "nukal", "damba", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ABL comparison 'better than'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
Granny roasted the lily roots in the coals, the children ate them all, and they were better than damper.

analysis:
babi-ngka ngara waju-ny nulu-ngu, karrkay-karrkay nuka-ny wubul-ku, damba-mun ngulkurr | granny roots roasted coals-LOC, children ate all, damper-ABL(than) good


english: That is women's food, the old woman said, and the swamp always gives it in the wet season.
kuku: Wulbumanangka balkan: yanyu jalbumu mayi, walngkabu dajil yabarrka buluriji.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["wulbuman", "balkal", "jalbu", "mayi", "walngka", "dajil", "yabarrka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: walngka-bu neutral ERG
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-angka balka-ny: yanyu jalbu-mu mayi, walngka-bu daji-l yabarrka bulur-iji | old.woman said: this women-POSS food, swamp-ERG(neutral) gives always cold.season


english: The old man spent many days making a big fish net from strong vine, tying every knot with care.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: makarr net; kalal vine
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka makarr yalbay ngaran wungar wubulku, kalalji junkurrji, kajan ngulkurrku wubulku.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka makarr yalbay ngara-ny wungar wubul-ku, kalal-ji junkurr-ji, kaja-ny ngulkurr-ku wubul-ku | old man net big made days many, vine-COMIT strong-COMIT, tied well all

words_used:
["mukul", "dingkar", "makarr", "yalbay", "ngaral", "wungar", "kalal", "junkurr", "kajal", "ngulkurr"]


english: When it was finished, the men set the net across the mouth of the creek at low tide.
kuku: Makarr ngulkurrmanda, dingkar-dingkarangka makarr yijarrin wawubajanga, jalun dunganya.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["makarr", "ngulkurr", "dingkar", "yijarril", "wawubaja", "walu", "jalun", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: walu 'mouth'; SUB
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
makarr ngulkurr-ma-ny-da, dingkar-dingkar-angka makarr yijarri-ny wawubaja-nga, jalun dunga-nya | net finished, men net set river-LOC, tide going-SUB


english: As the tide came back in, many fish swam into the net and could not get out again.
kuku: Jalun kadanya baja, kuyu wubul makarrba walan, murruji dungay baja.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalun", "kaday", "kuyu", "wubul", "makarr", "walal", "murruji", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: murruji+NONPAST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
jalun kada-nya baja, kuyu wubul makarr-ba wala-ny, murruji dunga-y baja | tide coming-SUB again, fish many net-LOC entered, unable go again


english: The men pulled the heavy net onto the sand and the whole camp came to help carry the fish.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkarangka makarr yalbay kulban jukara, jana wubulku kadan kuyu wundinka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dingkar", "makarr", "yalbay", "kulbal", "jukar", "kaday", "kuyu", "wundil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: PURP wundilka
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka makarr yalbay kulba-ny jukar-a, jana wubul-ku kada-ny kuyu wundi-nka | men net heavy pulled sand-LOC, all came fish carry-PURP


english: There were more fish than the people could eat, so the women split them and dried them in the sun.
kuku: Kuyu wubul bajaku, jana murruji nukal wubulku, jalbu-jalbungku kuyu yakan, wungara marralmanka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kuyu", "wubul", "murruji", "nukal", "jalbu", "yakal", "wungar", "marral"]
loans_used: []
evidence: murruji; INCHO-PURP
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:17:07.627624+00:00
analysis:
kuyu wubul-baja-ku, jana murruji nuka-l wubul-ku, jalbu-jalbu-ngku kuyu yaka-ny, wungar-a marral-ma-nka | fish very many, people unable eat all, women fish cut, sun-LOC dry-PURP


english: For many days after that the camp had good food, and nobody went hungry in the cold season.
kuku: Yinya baja wungar wubulku bayan mayiji ngulkurr, jana kari dakwuy buluriji.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["wungar", "wubul", "bayan", "mayi", "ngulkurr", "dakwuy"]
loans_used: []
evidence: COMIT; NEG
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
yinya baja wungar wubul-ku bayan mayi-ji ngulkurr, jana kari dakwuy bulur-iji | that after days many camp food-COMIT good, they NEG hungry cold.season


english: A new baby was born in the camp when the first rains came, and everyone came to see the little one.
kuku: Ngawa jirakal bayanba daran kaba kadanyjiku, jana wubulku kadan ngawa nyajinka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["ngawa", "jirakal", "bayan", "daray", "kaba", "kaday", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 'born'=daray; SUCC; PURP
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
ngawa jirakal bayan-ba dara-ny kaba kada-nyjiku, jana wubul-ku kada-ny ngawa nyaji-nka | baby new camp-LOC born rain come-SUCC, all came baby see-PURP


english: The old woman held the baby and gave it the name of her own grandmother, who was a strong woman.
kuku: Wulbumanangka ngawa karrban, nyungu burri dajin nyungu babimu, babi junkurr jalbu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wulbuman", "ngawa", "karrbal", "burri", "dajil", "babi", "junkurr", "jalbu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: burri 'name'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-angka ngawa karrba-ny, nyungu burri daji-ny nyungu babi-mu, babi junkurr jalbu | old.woman baby held, its name gave her grandmother-POSS, grandmother strong woman


english: The baby's mother was glad and thanked the old people, and there was a big meal that night.
kuku: Ngawamu ngamu wawu-mini, kamba-kamba ngulkurr balkan, mayi yalbay yinya kunarangkal.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["ngawa", "ngamu", "wawu-mini", "kamba", "ngulkurr", "mayi", "yalbay", "kunarangkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: POSS
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
ngawa-mu ngamu wawu-mini, kamba-kamba ngulkurr balka-ny, mayi yalbay yinya kunarangkal | baby-POSS mother glad, elders thanked, food big that night


english: The grandfather made a little carrier for the child and cut his mark into the wood.
kuku: Kamingka karrkayka balji buban yakan, nyungu jina jukungu yakan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kami", "karrkay", "balji", "buban", "yakal", "jina", "juku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jina 'mark'
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
kami-ngka karrkay-ka balji buban yaka-ny, nyungu jina juku-ngu yaka-ny | grandad child-DAT carrier little made, his mark wood-LOC cut


kuku: Kamingka balkan: yanyu karrkay junkurrmal, kari bubu milka-wula; nyulu ngawa karrbanya bayanga.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["kami", "balkal", "karrkay", "junkurr", "bubu", "milka", "ngawa", "karrbal", "baya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: optative INCHO; milka-wula forget
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
english:
May this child grow strong and never forget the country, said the old man, holding the baby to the fire's warmth.

analysis:
kami-ngka balka-ny: yanyu karrkay junkurr-ma-l, kari bubu milka-wula-∅; nyulu ngawa karrba-nya baya-nga | old man said: this child strong-INCHO, NEG country forget-IMP; he baby holding-SUB fire-LOC


english: The men on the hill saw smoke rising far away in the north and knew visitors were coming.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkarangka manjalba kubu nyajin wangkar kalakalbay kungkarrba, binal jawunkarra kadanya.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dingkar", "manjal", "kubu", "nyajil", "wangkar", "kalakalbay", "kungkarr", "binal", "jawun"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kubu smoke; kungkarr N
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka manjal-ba kubu nyaji-ny wangkar kalakalbay kungkarr-ba, binal jawun-karra kada-nya | men hill-LOC smoke saw up far north-LOC, knew visitors coming-SUB


kuku: Jana baya wajun, kubu yijarrin balkanka, yilay-yilay jana jambul nyajilwan bubu badanga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["baya", "wayjul", "kubu", "yijarril", "balkal", "yilay-yilay", "jambul", "nyajil", "bubu", "bada"]
loans_used: []
evidence: RECIP nyaji-l-wa-ny
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
english:
They made their own fire smoke to answer, and by evening the two groups could see each other across the valley.

analysis:
jana baya waju-ny, kubu yijarri-ny balka-nka, yilay-yilay jana jambul nyaji-l-wa-ny bubu bada-nga | they fire made, smoke put speak-PURP, evening two saw-RECIP country low-LOC


english: The visitors reached the camp at dark, and the two families sat late by the fire sharing news.
kuku: Jawunkarra bayanba kadan wujurrbu, jana jambul baya ngundu bundandan, kuku balkanya kunarangkal.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jawun", "bayan", "kaday", "wujurr", "jambul", "baya", "ngundu", "bunday", "kuku", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wujurr-bu; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
jawun-karra bayan-ba kada-ny wujurr-bu, jana jambul baya ngundu bundanda-ny, kuku balka-nya kunarangkal | visitors camp-LOC came dark-LOC, they two fire near sat, news telling-SUB night


english: The visitors had walked a long way to trade shell ornaments for good stone from the mountains.
kuku: Jawunkarra jilba dungan kalakalbay, bulkiji dajinka, kulji ngulkurr manjalmuny maninka.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: double PURP (trade)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
jawun-karra jilba dunga-ny kalakalbay, bulkiji daji-nka, kulji ngulkurr manjal-muny mani-nka | visitors walked far, shells give-PURP, stone good mountain-ABL take-PURP

words_used:
["jawun", "jilba", "dungay", "kalakalbay", "bulkiji", "dajil", "kulji", "ngulkurr", "manjal", "manil"]


english: The old men talked for a long time and agreed the trade was good for both camps.
kuku: Mukul dingkar-dingkar balkan wungar wubulku, jana binal: yanyu ngulkurr jambulka.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "balkal", "wungar", "binal", "ngulkurr", "jambul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: binal 'agree/know'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
mukul dingkar-dingkar balka-ny wungar wubul-ku, jana binal: yanyu ngulkurr jambul-ka | old men talked days many, they agreed: this good two-DAT


english: That night a big storm came, and lightning flashed above the whole range of mountains.
kuku: Yinya kunarangkal jarramali yalbay kadan, balbay balbajin wangkar manjalba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kunarangkal", "jarramali", "yalbay", "kaday", "balbay", "wangkar", "manjal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: balbay lightning; balbajil flash
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
yinya kunarangkal jarramali yalbay kada-ny, balbay balbaji-ny wangkar manjal-ba | that night storm big came, lightning flashed above mountain-LOC


kuku: Karrkay-karrkay buban yini-yini, badin, yambada kamingka balkan: jarramali dungay wunkuwingkuku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "buban", "badi", "kami", "balkal", "jarramali", "dungay", "wunkuwingku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yini-yini frightened (adj)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
english:
The little children were frightened and cried, but grandad told them the storm would pass by morning.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay buban yini-yini, badi-ny, yambada kami-ngka balka-ny: jarramali dunga-y wunkuwingku-ku | children little frightened, cried, but grandad said: storm will.go morning-DAT


english: The rain fell hard all night, and in the morning the creek was running fast.
kuku: Kaba daran junkurrku kunarangkal wubulku, wunkuwingku wawubaja warrin jinbalku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaba", "daray", "junkurr", "kunarangkal", "wunkuwingku", "wawubaja", "warri", "jinbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: junkurr-ku 'hard'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
kaba dara-ny junkurr-ku kunarangkal wubul-ku, wunkuwingku wawubaja warri-ny jinbal-ku | rain fell hard night all, morning river ran fast


english: A big tree had fallen across the path in the night, and the men cut it up for firewood.
kuku: Juku yalbay daran jinanga kunarangkal, dingkar-dingkarangka juku yakan bayaka wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["juku", "yalbay", "daray", "jina", "kunarangkal", "dingkar", "yakal", "baya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jina 'path'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
juku yalbay dara-ny jina-nga kunarangkal, dingkar-dingkar-angka juku yaka-ny baya-ka wubul-ku | tree big fell path-LOC night, men tree cut fire-DAT all


english: By midday the sun was warm again and the children ran out to play in the fresh clean country.
kuku: Wungar wangkar wumbul baja, karrkay-karrkay warrin ngalkalba, kinkan bubungu jirakalba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "wangkar", "wumbul", "karrkay", "warri", "ngalkal", "kinkay", "bubu", "jirakal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: LOC agreement
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
wungar wangkar wumbul baja, karrkay-karrkay warri-ny ngalkal-ba, kinka-ny bubu-ngu jirakal-ba | sun high warm again, children ran outside, played country-LOC fresh-LOC


frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "karrkay", "bangkal", "balkal", "bubu", "ngurrban", "muyar", "buyi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bubu-bu; instrumental-COMIT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
english:
The old man gathered the children and said: the country talks to us in the clouds, the wind, and the birds.

kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka karrkay-karrkay bangkan, balkan: bububu ngananda balkal ngurrbanji, muyarji, buyiji.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka karrkay-karrkay bangka-ny, balka-ny: bubu-bu ngana-nda balka-l ngurrban-ji muyar-ji buyi-ji | old man children gathered, said: country-ERG us-LOC talks cloud-COMIT wind-COMIT bird-COMIT


english: Watch and listen, he said, and the country will always show you where the food and water are.
kuku: Nyaka, milka-jana, nyulu balkan: bububu yununda milbil yabarrka mayi bana wanjabu.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["nyajil", "milka", "balkal", "bubu", "milbil", "yabarrka", "mayi", "bana"]
loans_used: []
evidence: milka-jana IMP; bubu-bu
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
nyaka, milka-jana-∅, nyulu balka-ny: bubu-bu yunu-nda milbi-l yabarrka mayi bana wanjabu | look-IMP, listen-IMP, he said: country-ERG you-LOC show always food water where


kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka milka-janan ngulkurrku, kari milka-wulan, kamba-kambamu kuku bubumu kuku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "milka", "ngulkurr", "kamba", "kuku", "bubu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: milka-janay/milka-wulay; POSS
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
english:
The children listened well and did not forget, for the old people's words are the country's own words.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka milka-jana-ny ngulkurr-ku, kari milka-wula-ny, kamba-kamba-mu kuku bubu-mu kuku | children listened well, NEG forgot, elders-POSS words country-POSS words


english: That is how the young ones learn the old way, one story and one season at a time.
kuku: Yalaku karrkay-karrkay binalmal yala ngadiku, nyubun kuku nyubun buluriji.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["yala", "karrkay", "binal", "ngadiku", "nyubun", "kuku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: parallel 'one X one Y'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:31:54.358819+00:00
analysis:
yala-ku karrkay-karrkay binal-ma-l yala ngadiku, nyubun kuku nyubun bulur-iji | like.this children learn way old, one story one cold.season


english: And so the country and its people go on together, as they have since the very first morning.
kuku: Yalaku bubu bamaji dungay baja, yala ngadiku muduwajuny nyubunmuny.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["yala", "bubu", "bama", "dungay", "ngadiku", "muduwajuny", "nyubun"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bama 'person' [grammar 1939]; payoff
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:29:39.998107+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
yala-ku bubu bama-ji dunga-y baja, yala ngadiku muduwaju-ny nyubun-muny | like.this country people-COMIT goes.on, like long.ago dawn first-ABL


kuku: Marralba jalbu-jalbungku jumul-jumul bangkan ngunnganga, balji yalbaymba wundin bayanba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["marral", "jalbu", "jumul-jumul", "bangkal", "ngunnga", "balji", "yalbay", "wundil", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jumul-jumul seeds
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
In the dry time the women gathered grass seeds in the open country and carried them home in big dilly bags.

analysis:
marral-ba jalbu-jalbu-ngku jumul-jumul bangka-ny ngunnga-nga, balji yalbay-mba wundi-ny bayan-ba | dry-LOC women grass.seeds gathered open-LOC, bag big-LOC carried camp-LOC


english: They ground the seeds between two flat stones to make fine flour for damper.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbungku diburr nyurrban kulji jambulbu, bulawu buban damba ngaranka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalbu", "diburr", "nyurrbal", "kulji", "jambul", "bulawu", "damba", "ngaral"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nyurrbal grind; bulawu flour; INST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu-ngku diburr nyurrba-ny kulji jambul-bu, bulawu buban damba ngara-nka | women seeds ground stone two-INST, flour fine damper make-PURP


english: It is hard work, said the old woman, but good flour makes good damper, and everyone eats well.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["wulbuman", "balkal", "dandi", "bulawu", "ngulkurr", "damba", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: proverb chain
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
kuku:
Wulbumanangka balkan: yanyu dandi, yambada bulawu ngulkurr damba ngulkurr, jana wubulku ngulkurr nukan.

analysis:
wulbuman-angka balka-ny: yanyu dandi, yambada bulawu ngulkurr damba ngulkurr, jana wubul-ku ngulkurr nuka-ny | old.woman said: this hard, but flour good damper good, all well ate


kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka mara-dajin kulji wundinka, bana maninka, jana wubulku kirrajin wabarrba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "kulji", "wundil", "bana", "manil", "kirraji", "wabarr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: double PURP -nka
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
The children helped carry the stones and fetch the water, and everyone worked together in the shade.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka mara-daji-ny kulji wundi-nka, bana mani-nka, jana wubul-ku kirraji-ny wabarr-ba | children helped stones carry-PURP, water get-PURP, all worked shade-LOC


english: By evening there was flour enough for many days, stored in bark in the cool part of the shelter.
kuku: Yilay-yilay bulawu wubul wungar wubulku, buykungu kujin bayan kiwaymba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["yilay-yilay", "bulawu", "wubul", "wungar", "buyku", "kujil", "bayan", "kiway"]
loans_used: []
evidence: storage
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
yilay-yilay bulawu wubul wungar wubul-ku, buyku-ngu kuji-ny bayan kiway-mba | evening flour much days many, paperbark-LOC kept shelter cool-LOC


kuku: Dingkar-dingkarangka kubarr yalbay karrban wawubaja badanga, mara nyunjan bubu kudamundu.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: kubarr eel; nyunjal poke
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
The men caught fat eels in the deep part of the creek, feeling for them under the banks with their hands.

analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka kubarr yalbay karrba-ny wawubaja bada-nga, mara nyunja-ny bubu kudamundu | men eels fat caught river deep-LOC, hand felt(poked) ground behind(under)

words_used:
["dingkar", "kubarr", "yalbay", "karrbal", "wawubaja", "bada", "mara", "nyunjal", "bubu", "kudamundu"]


kuku: Babingka kubarr kajan birranju, kurrmanga buban-bubanku wajun, kulji wumbulba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "kubarr", "kajal", "birra", "kurrma", "wayjul", "kulji", "wumbul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: birra leaf; INST; slowly-redup
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
Granny wrapped the eels in green leaves and cooked them slowly in the ground oven between hot stones.

analysis:
babi-ngka kubarr kaja-ny birra-nju, kurrma-nga buban-buban-ku waju-ny, kulji wumbul-ba | granny eels wrapped leaf-INST, oven-LOC slowly cooked, stone hot-LOC


english: The eel was cooking on the fire and the children could hardly wait for it to be ready.
kuku: Kubarr wumbul bayanga, karrkay-karrkay murruji maku-janay, mayi ngulkurrmanyjiku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["ngulkurr", "baya", "kaday", "karrkay", "murruji", "maku-janay", "mayi"]
loans_used: []
evidence: maku-janay wait; SUCC
status: revised
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
kubarr wumbul baya-nga, karrkay-karrkay murruji maku-jana-y, mayi ngulkurr-ma-nyjiku | eel hot fire-LOC, children unable wait, food ready-SUCC


english: When the eel was cooked, granny shared it out, giving the best pieces to the children.
kuku: Kubarr ngulkurrmanda, babingka dajin wubulku, ngulkurr bajaku karrkay-karrkaynka dajin.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kubarr", "ngulkurr", "babi", "dajil", "karrkay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
kubarr ngulkurr-ma-ny-da, babi-ngka daji-ny wubul-ku, ngulkurr-baja-ku karrkay-karrkay-nka daji-ny | eel cooked, granny shared all, best children-DAT gave


kuku: Kamingka balkan: kubarr mayi ngulkurr bajaku buluriji, wawubajabu dajil jananka binalka.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["kami", "balkal", "kubarr", "mayi", "ngulkurr", "wawubaja", "dajil", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wawubaja-bu neutral ERG
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
Eel is the best food of the wet season, said grandad, and the creek gives it freely to those who know it.

analysis:
kami-ngka balka-ny: kubarr mayi ngulkurr-baja-ku bulur-iji, wawubaja-bu daji-l jana-nka binal-ka | grandad said: eel food best cold.season, river-ERG gives 3pl-DAT knowing-DAT


english: One afternoon a little boy followed a bird into the scrub and did not come back before dark.
kuku: Yilay-yilay karrkay buban buyika dungan madjanga, kari kadan baja wujurrmanyjiku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["yilay-yilay", "karrkay", "buban", "buyi", "wukurril", "madja", "kaday", "wujurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wujurr-ma SUCC 'before dark'
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
yilay-yilay karrkay buban buyi-ka dunga-ny madja-nga, kari kada-ny baja wujurr-ma-nyjiku | afternoon child little bird-DAT went scrub-LOC, NEG came back dark-INCHO-SUCC


kuku: Ngamungka yirrkan-yirrkan, yambada karrkay buban, madja yalbay, wungar bada dunganda.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["ngamu", "yirrkay", "karrkay", "buban", "madja", "yalbay", "wungar", "bada", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: REDUP; 4-clause
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
His mother called and called, but the boy was small and the scrub was big, and soon the sun went down.

analysis:
ngamu-ngka yirrka-n-yirrka-ny, yambada karrkay buban, madja yalbay, wungar bada dunga-ny-da | mother called-REDUP, but child little, scrub big, sun down went-then


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: burri name; wujurr-bu
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
The men took firesticks and went into the dark scrub, calling the boy's name and searching for his tracks.

kuku:
Dingkar-dingkarangka baya manin, madjanga walan wujurrbu, karrkaymu burri yirrkan, jina nyajil-nyajin.

analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka baya mani-ny, madja-nga wala-ny wujurr-bu, karrkay-mu burri yirrka-ny, jina nyaji-l-nyaji-ny | men fire took, scrub-LOC entered dark-LOC, child-POSS name called, tracks searched-REDUP

words_used:
["dingkar", "baya", "manil", "madja", "walal", "wujurr", "karrkay", "burri", "yirrkay", "jina", "nyajil"]


english: At last the old dog found the boy asleep under a big tree, cold but not hurt.
kuku: Kaya mukulungku karrkay nyajin juku yalbaymba, warngku wunanya, kiway yambada kari kaka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kaya", "mukul", "karrkay", "nyajil", "juku", "yalbay", "warngku", "wunay", "kiway", "kaka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUB; agreement
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
kaya mukul-ungku karrkay nyaji-ny juku yalbay-mba, warngku wuna-nya, kiway yambada kari kaka | dog old-ERG child found tree big-LOC, sleeping-SUB, cold but NEG sore


english: The men carried the boy home to his mother, who cried with joy and held him close by the fire.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkarangka karrkay wundin ngamunda, ngamu wawu-mini badin, karrban ngundu bayanga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dingkar", "karrkay", "wundil", "ngamu", "wawu-mini", "badi", "karrbal", "ngundu", "baya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 'cried with joy'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka karrkay wundi-ny ngamu-nda, ngamu wawu-mini badi-ny, karrba-ny ngundu baya-nga | men child carried mother-LOC, mother glad cried, held near fire-LOC


english: Never follow a bird into the deep scrub alone, said granny, but the boy was already fast asleep.
kuku: Babingka balkan: kari buyi wukurrika madja badaka nyulurrku; yambada karrkay warngku wunan baja.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["babi", "balkal", "buyi", "wukurril", "madja", "bada", "karrkay", "warngku", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: IMP -ka (trisyllabic wukurri-ka)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka balka-ny: kari buyi wukurri-ka madja bada-ka nyulu-rrku; yambada karrkay warngku wuna-ny baja | granny said: NEG bird follow-IMP scrub deep-DAT alone; but child asleep already


frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["kunarangkal", "mukul", "dingkar", "karrkay", "balkal", "ngadiku", "kamba", "bijarr", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bijarr dream; INST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
That night the old man told the children about the time before this time, which the old people saw in dreams.

kuku:
Yinya kunarangkal mukulungku dingkarangka karrkay-karrkay balkan yala ngadikuka, kamba-kambangka bijarrbu nyajin.

analysis:
yinya kunarangkal mukul-ungku dingkar-angka karrkay-karrkay balka-ny yala ngadiku-ka, kamba-kamba-ngka bijarr-bu nyaji-ny | that night old man children told about long.ago-DAT, elders dream-INST saw


kuku: Nyulu dawar milbin yilay-yilaymu, balkan: yinya wulbuman, nyulu baya ngaranyarr bamaka.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["dawar", "milbil", "yilay-yilay", "balkal", "wulbuman", "baya", "ngaral", "bama"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bama people; TEMP3 ngarr
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:54:59.162642+00:00
english:
He pointed to the evening star and said: that one is the old woman who first made fire for the people.

analysis:
nyulu dawar milbi-ny yilay-yilay-mu, balka-ny: yinya wulbuman, nyulu baya ngara-ny bama-ka ngarr | he star pointed evening-POSS, said: that old.woman, she fire made people-DAT first


english: The children looked up at the many stars and asked the old man many questions about the sky.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka dawar wubul nyajin wangkar, mukul dingkar babajin wubulku wangkarka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "dawar", "wubul", "nyajil", "wangkar", "mukul", "babaji"]
loans_used: []
evidence: babaji ask
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka dawar wubul nyaji-ny wangkar, mukul dingkar babaji-ny wubul-ku wangkar-ka | children stars many saw above, old man asked many-times sky-DAT


frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "yajarril", "balkal", "binal", "wangkar", "kuku", "kujil", "nyajil", "yabarrka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wangkar-bu neutral ERG; nyaka IMP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
The old man laughed and said: I do not know all the answers, but the sky keeps its stories — watch always.

kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka yajarrin, balkan: ngayu kari binal wubulku, yambada wangkarbu kuku kujil, nyaka yabarrka.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka yajarri-ny, balka-ny: ngayu kari binal wubul-ku, yambada wangkar-bu kuku kuji-l, nyaka yabarrka | old man laughed, said: I NEG know all, but sky-ERG stories keeps, watch-IMP always


english: The little ones fell asleep one by one, dreaming of the old woman and her first fire.
kuku: Ngawa-ngawa warngku wunan nyubun-nyubun, bijarrinya wulbumanka nyungu bayaka ngadikumuny.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["ngawa", "warngku", "wunay", "nyubun", "bijarril", "wulbuman", "baya", "ngadiku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bijarri-l dream; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
ngawa-ngawa warngku wuna-ny nyubun-nyubun, bijarri-nya wulbuman-ka nyungu baya-ka ngadiku-mun | babies slept one-by-one, dreaming-SUB old.woman-DAT her fire-DAT long.ago-ABL


english: In the cold season an old man became sick and could not get up from his bed for many days.
kuku: Buluriji mukul dingkar bambayman, murruji wandil dubalmuny wungar wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "bambay", "murruji", "wandil", "dubal", "wungar", "wubul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bambay-ma sick; murruji+NONPAST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
bulur-iji mukul dingkar bambay-ma-ny, murruji wandi-l dubal-muny wungar wubul-ku | cold.season old man sick-INCHO, unable rise bed-ABL days many


english: His family was afraid, but the old woman who knows the bush remedies came and sat with him.
kuku: Nyungu jawunkarra yini-yini, yambada wulbuman kalbalka binal kadan, nyungu ngundu bundandan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jawun", "yini-yini", "wulbuman", "kalbal", "binal", "kaday", "ngundu", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kalbal remedy; binal+DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
nyungu jawun-karra yini-yini, yambada wulbuman kalbal-ka binal kada-ny, nyungu ngundu bundanda-ny | his family frightened, but old.woman remedy-DAT knowing came, him near sat


english: She made a remedy from stewed bark and leaves and gave him medicine to drink each morning.
kuku: Nyulu kalbal ngaran dubalji birraji, nyungu kalbal dajin nukanka wunkuwingku wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kalbal", "ngaral", "dubal", "birra", "dajil", "nukal", "wunkuwingku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dubal=bark; nuka-nka PURP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
nyulu kalbal ngara-ny dubal-ji birra-ji, nyungu kalbal daji-ny nuka-nka wunkuwingku wubul-ku | she remedy made bark-COMIT leaf-COMIT, him remedy gave drink-PURP morning all


english: Slowly the old man grew stronger, and after a while he could sit up and eat a little food again.
kuku: Buban-bubanku mukul dingkar junkurrmanda, nyulu bundandan, mayi buban nukan baja.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "dingkar", "junkurr", "bunday", "mayi", "buban", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INCHO; recovery
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
buban-buban-ku mukul dingkar junkurr-ma-ny-da, nyulu bundanda-ny, mayi buban nuka-ny baja | slowly old man stronger-INCHO-then, he sat up, food little ate again


kuku: Wulbumanangka balkan: bububu kalbal junkurr, yambada bama jani-mal ngulkurrbu wunbungu.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["wulbuman", "balkal", "bubu", "kalbal", "junkurr", "bama", "jani", "ngulkurr", "wunbu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jani-ma well-INCHO; bubu-bu
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
The old woman said: the country's remedy is strong, but a person also gets well from good care and quiet.

analysis:
wulbuman-angka balka-ny: bubu-bu kalbal junkurr, yambada bama jani-ma-l ngulkurr-bu wunbu-ngu | old.woman said: country-ERG remedy strong, but person well-INCHO good-INST quiet-LOC


english: The women waited at the camp all afternoon for the men to come back from the long hunt.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalbu", "bayan", "maku-janay", "yilay-yilay", "dingkar", "kaday", "minya", "kalakalbay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: maku-janay wait; SUCC
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
kuku:
Jalbu-jalbu bayanba maku-janan yilay-yilay wubulku, dingkar-dingkar kadanyjiku minyamuny kalakalbay.

analysis:
jalbu-jalbu bayan-ba maku-jana-ny yilay-yilay wubul-ku, dingkar-dingkar kada-nyjiku minya-muny kalakalbay | women camp-LOC waited afternoon all, men come-SUCC hunt-ABL far


english: The children grew restless and thirsty, and the smallest one began to cry hard for water.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay wawu-wulan yilay-yilay-mba, badin banaka, karrkay buban bajaku badin junkurrku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "wawu-wulay", "yilay-yilay", "badi", "bana", "buban", "junkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wawu-wulay thirsty
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T08:40:25.660608+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay wawu-wula-ny yilay-yilay-mba, badi-ny bana-ka, karrkay buban-baja-ku badi-ny junkurr-ku | children thirsty afternoon-LOC, cried water-DAT, child smallest cried hard


english: Granny gave them water and told them a good story to make the waiting shorter.
kuku: Babingka bana dajin jananda wubulku, kuku ngulkurr balkan maku-janay bubanmanka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["babi", "bana", "dajil", "kuku", "ngulkurr", "balkal", "maku-janay", "buban"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INCHO-PURP
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
babi-ngka bana daji-ny jana-nda wubul-ku, kuku ngulkurr balka-ny maku-jana-y buban-ma-nka | granny water gave 3pl-LOC all, story good told wait small-INCHO-PURP


english: At last, as the sun went down, the men came back carrying two big kangaroos and many fish.
kuku: Wungar bada dunganya, dingkar-dingkar kadan baja, mayarriji jambul yalbay wundin, kuyu wubul.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: mayarriji kangaroo
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
wungar bada dunga-nya, dingkar-dingkar kada-ny baja, mayarriji jambul yalbay wundi-ny, kuyu wubul | sun down going-SUB, men came back, kangaroos two big carried, fish many

words_used:
["wungar", "bada", "dungay", "dingkar", "kaday", "mayarriji", "jambul", "yalbay", "wundil", "kuyu", "wubul"]


english: The whole camp was glad, and there was singing and dancing late into the warm night.
kuku: Jana wubulku bayanba wawu-mini, wulngku badin, wurin kunarangkal wumbulba wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["bayan", "wawu-mini", "wulngku badi", "wuri", "kunarangkal", "wumbul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: celebration
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
jana wubul-ku bayan-ba wawu-mini, wulngku badi-ny, wuri-ny kunarangkal wumbul-ba wubul-ku | all camp-LOC glad, sang, danced night warm-LOC all


english: The little one who had cried for water was the first to fall asleep, full and happy at last.
kuku: Karrkay buban, nyulu banaka badin ngadiku, warngku wunanyarr, mayiji wawu-mini.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "buban", "bana", "badi", "ngadiku", "warngku", "wunay", "mayi", "wawu-mini"]
loans_used: []
evidence: relative; TEMP3 ngarr
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:54:59.162642+00:00
analysis:
karrkay buban, nyulu bana-ka badi-ny ngadiku, warngku wuna-ny ngarr, mayi-ji wawu-mini | child little, who water-DAT cried before, slept first, food-COMIT(full) glad


frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "binal", "buyi", "biru-biru", "yirrkay", "wunba", "ngulkurr", "juku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: biru-biru; sign-reading SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
The old man taught the children to read the birds: when the rainbow bird calls, the honey is ready in the trees.

kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka karrkay-karrkay binalbungan buyika: biru-biru yirrkanya, wunba ngulkurrmanda jukungu.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka karrkay-karrkay binal-bunga-ny buyi-ka: biru-biru yirrka-nya, wunba ngulkurr-ma-ny-da juku-ngu | old man children taught bird-DAT: rainbow.bird calling-SUB, honey ready-INCHO-then tree-LOC


english: When the birds fly to the west, he said, the big rains are not far behind.
kuku: Nyulu balkan: buyi-buyi kuwaka marra-warrinya, kaba yalbay ngundu kudamundu.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["balkal", "buyi", "kuwa", "marra-warri", "kaba", "yalbay", "ngundu", "kudamundu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: marra-warri fly; kuwa west
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
nyulu balka-ny: buyi-buyi kuwa-ka marra-warri-nya, kaba yalbay ngundu kudamundu | he said: birds west-DAT flying-SUB, rain big near behind


english: The country tells you everything, if you learn to watch and listen like the old people do.
kuku: Bububu yununda milbil yambayamba, kaki yundu binalmal nyajinka milka-jananka yala kamba-kamba.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["bubu", "milbil", "yambayamba", "kaki", "binal", "nyajil", "milka", "kamba"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bubu-bu; double PURP -nka
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
bubu-bu yunu-nda milbi-l yambayamba, kaki yundu binal-ma-l nyaji-nka milka-jana-nka yala kamba-kamba | country-ERG you-LOC shows everything, if you learn watch-PURP listen-PURP like elders


kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka nyajil-nyajin wungar wubulku, buyi ngurrban, muyarbu jikan jurrngan wanjabu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "nyajil", "wungar", "buyi", "ngurrban", "muyar", "jikan", "jurrngal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: observation
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
The children practiced every day, watching the birds and the clouds and the way the wind moved the grass.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka nyaji-l-nyaji-ny wungar wubul-ku, buyi ngurrban, muyar-bu jikan jurrnga-ny wanjabu | children watched-REDUP days all, birds clouds, wind-ERG grass pushed how


kuku: Wungar dunganya, jana binal yala kamba-kamba, bubu kari yindu jananka baja.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["wungar", "dungay", "binal", "kamba", "bubu", "yindu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yindu 'stranger/other'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
In time they knew the signs as well as the old people, and the country was no longer a stranger to them.

analysis:
wungar dunga-nya, jana binal yala kamba-kamba, bubu kari yindu jana-nka baja | time going-SUB, they knew like elders, country NEG stranger 3pl-DAT anymore


frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "balkal", "kamba", "dajil", "bulki", "kulji", "bubu", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bulki cattle; contrast
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
english:
That is what the old people give, the old man said: not cattle, not stone, but the knowing of the country.

kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka balkan: yanyu kamba-kambangka dajil, kari bulki kari kulji, yambada bubu binal.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka balka-ny: yanyu kamba-kamba-ngka daji-l, kari bulki kari kulji, yambada bubu binal | old man said: this elders-ERG give, not cattle not stone, but country knowing


english: The young ones will teach their own children one day, and so the country's story never dies.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["karrkay", "binal", "wungar", "yindu", "bubu", "kuku", "wulay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wulay die; future teaching
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
kuku:
Karrkay-karrkayangka nyungu karrkay binalbungal wungar yindungu, yalaku bubumu kuku kari wulay yabarrka.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka nyungu karrkay binal-bunga-l wungar yindu-ngu, yala-ku bubu-mu kuku kari wula-y yabarrka | children their child will.teach day other-LOC, like.this country-POSS story NEG dies always


english: And the old man looked at the children in the firelight and knew the country was in good hands.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka karrkay-karrkay nyajin bayanga, binal: bubu ngulkurr maranga jananka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "nyajil", "baya", "binal", "bubu", "ngulkurr", "mara"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 'in good hands' idiom; payoff
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:38:58.448674+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:40:19.867825+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka karrkay-karrkay nyaji-ny baya-nga, binal: bubu ngulkurr mara-nga jana-nka | old man children looked fire-LOC, knew: country good hand-LOC 3pl-DAT


kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka dabal milbin baya ngaranka, juku junkurr murnijin jinbalku maranga jukungu.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: PURP; murniji spin
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
english:
The old man showed the boys how to make fire, spinning a hard stick fast between his hands on a soft log.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka dabal milbi-ny baya ngara-nka, juku junkurr murniji-ny jinbal-ku mara-nga juku-ngu | old man boys showed fire make-PURP, stick hard spun fast hand-LOC log-LOC

words_used:
["mukul", "dingkar", "dabal", "milbil", "baya", "ngaral", "juku", "junkurr", "murniji", "jinbal", "mara"]


english: First a little smoke came, then a small flame, and the boys watched with wide eyes.
kuku: Kubu buban kadanyarr, baya buban kadanda, dabalangka nyajin miyil yalbaymba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kubu", "buban", "kaday", "baya", "dabal", "nyajil", "miyil", "yalbay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: miyil eye; TEMP3 ngarr
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
ngarr kubu buban kada-ny, baya buban kada-ny-da, dabal-angka nyaji-ny miyil yalbay-mba | first smoke little came, fire little came-then, boys watched eye big-LOC


english: Fire is a gift and a danger, said the old man; keep it well, or it will burn the whole camp.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "balkal", "baya", "ngulkurr", "yinil", "kujil", "bayan", "wayjul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: IMP zero kuji; baya-bu neutral ERG
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka balkan: baya ngulkurr, baya yinil; kuji ngulkurrku, kari, bayabu bayan wubulku wajul.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka balka-ny: baya ngulkurr, baya yinil; kuji ngulkurr-ku, kari, baya-bu bayan wubul-ku waju-l | old man said: fire good, fire dangerous; keep-IMP well, if.not, fire-ERG camp all burns


english: The boys practiced all afternoon until each of them could make fire on his own.
kuku: Dabalangka baya ngaran yilay-yilay wubulku, jana wubulku baya ngaranyjiku nyulurrku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dabal", "baya", "ngaral", "yilay-yilay", "nyulurrku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUCC; -rrku alone
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
dabal-angka baya ngara-ny yilay-yilay wubul-ku, jana wubul-ku baya ngara-nyjiku nyulu-rrku | boys fire made afternoon all, all fire make-SUCC alone


english: A camp with good fire never goes hungry or cold in the wet season, the old man said.
kuku: Bayan bayaji ngulkurrbu kari dakwuy kari kiway buluriji, mukulungku dingkarangka balkan.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["bayan", "baya", "ngulkurr", "dakwuy", "kiway"]
loans_used: []
evidence: COMIT; double NEG
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
bayan baya-ji ngulkurr-bu kari dakwuy kari kiway bulur-iji, mukul-ungku dingkar-angka balka-ny | camp fire-COMIT good NEG hungry NEG cold cold.season, old man said


english: When the moon was full the people from three camps came together for a big dance by the river.
kuku: Kija yalbaymanda, bama bayan kulurmuny kadan, wurinka yalbayka wawubajanga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kija", "yalbay", "bama", "bayan", "kulur", "kaday", "wuri", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wuri-nka PURP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
kija yalbay-ma-ny-da, bama bayan kulur-mun kada-ny, wuri-nka yalbay-ka wawubaja-nga | moon full-INCHO-then, people camp three-ABL came, dance-PURP big-DAT river-LOC


english: The men put feathers on their heads and the women prepared food for everyone at the gathering.
kuku: Dingkar-dingkarangka dukulba bujur yijarrin, jalbu-jalbungku mayi ngaran jananka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dingkar", "dukul", "buyi", "mungka", "yijarril", "jalbu", "mayi", "ngaral"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dukul head; mungka hair(feather)
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
dingkar-dingkar-angka dukul-ba bujur yijarri-ny, jalbu-jalbu-ngku mayi ngara-ny jana-nka | men head-LOC feather put, women food prepared 3pl-DAT


kuku: Baya wangkar wajunya, mukul dingkar-dingkar wulngku badin, warru-warru kadan wurinka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["baya", "wangkar", "wayjul", "mukul", "dingkar", "wulngku badi", "warru", "wuri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: backgrounding SUB; PURP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
english:
As the fire burned high, the old men began to sing the old songs and the young men came out to dance.

analysis:
baya wangkar waju-nya, mukul dingkar-dingkar wulngku badi-ny, warru-warru kada-ny wuri-nka | fire up burning-SUB, old men sang, young.men came dance-PURP


english: The children watched from their mothers' laps as the dancers moved like animals in the firelight.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka nyajin ngamumu jandalba, warru-warru minya yala jalaman bayanga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "nyajil", "ngamu", "jandal", "warru", "minya", "yala", "jalamal", "baya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jandal leg/lap; yala simile
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka nyaji-ny ngamu-mu jandal-ba, warru-warru minya yala jalama-ny baya-nga | children watched mother-POSS lap(leg)-LOC, young.men animal like moved fire-LOC


english: They danced and sang all night, until the stars turned in the sky and the little ones fell asleep.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wuri", "wulngku badi", "kunarangkal", "dawar", "wangkar", "murniji", "ngawa", "warngku", "wunay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: murniji turn; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
kuku:
Jana wurin, wulngku badin kunarangkal wubulku, dawar wangkar murnijinya, ngawa-ngawa warngku wunanda.

analysis:
jana wuri-ny, wulngku badi-ny kunarangkal wubul-ku, dawar wangkar murniji-nya, ngawa-ngawa warngku wuna-ny-da | they danced, sang night all, stars sky turning-SUB, babies slept-then


kuku: Wunkuwingku jawunkarra bayanmuny jambul mayi yalbay nukan, jilba kalakalbay dunganyjiku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wunkuwingku", "jawun", "bayan", "jambul", "mayi", "yalbay", "nukal", "jilba", "kalakalbay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUCC 'before'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
In the morning the visitors and the home camp shared a big meal before setting off on the long walk home.

analysis:
wunkuwingku jawun-karra bayan-mun jambul mayi yalbay nuka-ny, jilba kalakalbay dunga-nyjiku | morning visitors home-camp two food big ate, walk far go-SUCC


english: One day a young man cut his leg on a rock as he was climbing down to the water.
kuku: Nyubun wungar warru jandal yakajin kuljinga, bananga dakanya bada.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["nyubun", "wungar", "warru", "jandal", "yakal", "kulji", "bana", "dakal", "bada"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yaka-ji accidental REFL; jandal leg
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
nyubun wungar warru jandal yaka-ji-ny kulji-nga, bana-nga daka-nya bada | one day young.man leg cut-REFL stone-LOC, water-LOC climbing-SUB down


english: The blood ran down his leg and he could not walk, so his friends carried him back to the camp.
kuku: Mula jandalmuny badanga warrin, nyulu murruji jilba dungay, jawunkarrangka nyungu wundin bayanba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mula", "jandal", "bada", "warri", "murruji", "jilba", "dungay", "jawun", "wundil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: mula blood; murruji+NONPAST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
mula jandal-muny bada-nga warri-ny, nyulu murruji jilba dunga-y, jawun-karra-ngka nyungu wundi-ny bayan-ba | blood leg-ABL down-LOC ran, he unable walk go, friends-ERG him carried camp-LOC


kuku: Wulbumanangka jandal julurrin banabu ngulkurrbu, yangka yijarrin, dubalji kajan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wulbuman", "jandal", "julurril", "bana", "ngulkurr", "yangka", "yijarril", "dubal", "kajal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INST agreement; yangka; dubal=bark
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
english:
The old woman washed his leg with clean water, put green ant medicine on it, and bound it with bark.

analysis:
wulbuman-angka jandal julurri-ny bana-bu ngulkurr-bu, yangka yijarri-ny, dubal-ji kaja-ny | old.woman leg washed water-INST good-INST, green.ant put, bark-COMIT bound


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "warru", "wabarr", "nganga", "bunday", "kamba", "mayi", "wundil", "kuku", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nganga only; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
english:
For many days the young man could only sit in the shade, but the old people brought him food and told him stories.

kuku:
Wungar wubulku warru wabarrba nganga bundanday, yambada kamba-kambangka nyungu mayi wundin, kuku balkanya.

analysis:
wungar wubul-ku warru wabarr-ba nganga bundanda-y, yambada kamba-kamba-ngka nyungu mayi wundi-ny, kuku balka-nya | days many young.man shade-LOC only sat, but elders him food brought, stories telling-SUB


english: Slowly the leg grew strong again, and in the end he could walk and run and climb as before.
kuku: Buban-bubanku jandal junkurrmanda baja, nyulu jilba dungay, warri, dakal yala ngadiku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jandal", "junkurr", "jilba", "dungay", "warri", "dakal", "yala", "ngadiku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INCHO; warri (E-017)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
buban-buban-ku jandal junkurr-ma-ny-da baja, nyulu jilba dunga-y, warri, daka-l yala ngadiku | slowly leg strong-INCHO-then again, he walk go, run, climb like before


kuku: Wulbumanangka balkan: nyaka wanjabu dakal, jina wanjabu yijarril, kari bububu yununda kaka-bungal.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["wulbuman", "balkal", "nyajil", "dakal", "jina", "yijarril", "bubu", "kaka"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nyaka IMP; bubu-bu; kaka-bungal 'hurt'
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
english:
Always look where you climb and where you put your feet, said the old woman, and the country will not hurt you.

analysis:
wulbuman-angka balka-ny: nyaka wanjabu daka-l, jina wanjabu yijarri-l, kari bubu-bu yunu-nda kaka-bunga-l | old.woman said: look-IMP where climb, foot where put, NEG country-ERG you-LOC sore-CAUS(hurt)


english: In good weather the family loaded the canoe and set out along the coast to visit their relatives.
kuku: Wungar ngulkurrbu jawunkarrangka marrakan mumban, jalun ngundu dungan jawunkarra nyajinka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "ngulkurr", "jawun", "marrakan", "mumbal", "jalun", "ngundu", "dungay", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nyaji-nka PURP
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
analysis:
wungar ngulkurr-bu jawun-karra-ngka marrakan mumba-ny, jalun ngundu dunga-ny jawun-karra nyaji-nka | weather good-LOC family canoe loaded, sea near went relatives see-PURP


english: The sea was calm and the children trailed their hands in the cool water as the canoe slid along.
kuku: Jalun ngulkurr, karrkay-karrkayangka mara bananga yijarrin kiwaymba, marrakan julbarr-warrinya.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalun", "ngulkurr", "karrkay", "mara", "bana", "yijarril", "kiway", "marrakan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: julbarr-warri slide (Text 3.17); SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
jalun ngulkurr, karrkay-karrkay-angka mara bana-nga yijarri-ny kiway-mba, marrakan julbarr-warri-nya | sea calm children hand water-LOC put cool-LOC, canoe sliding-SUB


kuku: Wungar wangkar janan, jana kajulba kadan, dingkar-dingkarangka marrakan bawan, walan kijuka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "wangkar", "kajul", "kaday", "dingkar", "marrakan", "bawal", "walal", "kiju"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kajul mangrove; kiju mudcrab
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T04:24:23.682321+00:00
english:
By midday they reached the mangroves, where the men left the canoe and went in to look for mudcrabs.

analysis:
wungar wangkar jana-ny, jana kajul-ba kada-ny, dingkar-dingkar-angka marrakan bawa-ny, wala-ny kiju-ka | sun high stood, they mangrove-LOC came, men canoe left, entered mudcrab-DAT


english: The mud was deep and cold, and the men felt for the crabs with their feet, very quietly.
kuku: Kambal-kambal bada kiway, dingkar-dingkarangka kiju jina nyunjan, wunbu bajaku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kambal-kambal", "bada", "kiway", "dingkar", "kiju", "jina", "nyunjal", "wunbu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nyunjal poke; wunbu quiet
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
kambal-kambal bada kiway, dingkar-dingkar-angka kiju jina nyunja-ny, wunbu-baja-ku | mud deep cold, men mudcrab foot felt, very quietly


english: They caught many big mudcrabs and put them in a bark basket, tying the claws lest they bite.
kuku: Jana kiju wubul yalbay karrban, buykungu yijarrin, mara kajan baykanyji.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kiju", "wubul", "yalbay", "karrbal", "buyku", "yijarril", "mara", "kajal", "baykal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bayka-nyji PRECAUT 'lest they bite'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
jana kiju wubul yalbay karrba-ny, buyku-ngu yijarri-ny, mara kaja-ny bayka-nyji | they mudcrab many big caught, paperbark-LOC put, claw tied bite-PRECAUT


english: That night they ate mudcrab with the relatives and the two families talked until very late.
kuku: Yinya kunarangkal jana kiju nukan jawunkarraji, jana jambul balkan kunarangkal bajaku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kunarangkal", "kiju", "nukal", "jawun", "jambul", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: COMIT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
yinya kunarangkal jana kiju nuka-ny jawun-karra-ji, jana jambul balka-ny kunarangkal-baja-ku | that night they mudcrab ate relatives-COMIT, they two talked very late


english: At the sea camp the old woman began to teach the little children how to swim in the calm water.
kuku: Jalun bayanba wulbumanangka karrkay-karrkay buban binalbungal marijinka bana ngulkurrbu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalun", "bayan", "wulbuman", "karrkay", "buban", "binal", "maraji", "bana", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: mariji-nka PURP; teach
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
analysis:
jalun bayan-ba wulbuman-angka karrkay-karrkay buban binal-bunga-l mariji-nka bana ngulkurr-bu | sea camp-LOC old.woman children little teaching swim-PURP water calm-LOC


english: Kick your legs and pull with your hands, she said, and the water will hold you up.
kuku: Nyulu balkan: jandal jurrnga, mara kulba, banabu yunu wangkar kujil.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["balkal", "jandal", "jurrngal", "mara", "kulbal", "bana", "kujil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: IMP zero; bana-bu neutral ERG
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
nyulu balka-ny: jandal jurrnga-∅, mara kulba-∅, bana-bu yunu wangkar kuji-l | she said: leg push-IMP, hand pull-IMP, water-ERG you up holds


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "yinil", "maraji", "bada", "dungay", "wulbuman", "wangkar", "kulbal", "yajarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yinil-kari 'fearless' PRIV; TEMP3 ngarr
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:54:59.162642+00:00
english:
The bravest child tried first and went under, but the old woman lifted her up laughing, and she tried again.

kuku:
Karrkay yinil-kari marijinyarr, bada dungan, yambada wulbumanangka wangkar kulban yajarrinya, marijin baja.

analysis:
karrkay yinil-kari ngarr mariji-ny, bada dunga-ny, yambada wulbuman-angka wangkar kulba-ny yajarri-nya, mariji-ny baja | child fearless first swam, down went, but old.woman up lifted laughing-SUB, swam again


kuku: Wungar dunganya, karrkay-karrkay wubulku marijin buban, jana kari yinil banaka baja.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "karrkay", "maraji", "buban", "yinil", "bana"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yinil+DAT 'afraid of'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
english:
By the end of the day all the children could swim a little, and none of them was afraid of the water anymore.

analysis:
wungar dunga-nya, karrkay-karrkay wubul-ku mariji-ny buban, jana kari yinil bana-ka baja | day going-SUB, children all swam little, they NEG afraid water-DAT anymore


english: A child who can swim is safe by the sea, said the old woman, and the sea teaches us all our lives.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["wulbuman", "balkal", "karrkay", "maraji", "ngulkurr", "jalun", "jawun", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jalun-bu neutral ERG; nganamu POSS
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
kuku:
Wulbumanangka balkan: karrkay marijil ngulkurr jalunba, jalun nganamu jawun ngulkurr, jalunbu ngananda binal-bungal.

analysis:
wulbuman-angka balka-ny: karrkay mariji-l ngulkurr jalun-ba, jalun ngana-mu jawun ngulkurr, jalun-bu ngana-nda binal-bunga-l | old.woman said: child swims good sea-LOC, sea our friend good, sea-ERG us teaches


english: When the cold season ended, the family moved camp and went up the river to the hill country.
kuku: Buluriji dunganya, jawunkarra jurrkijin, wawubaja wangkar dungan bubu manjalka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jawun", "jurrkil", "wawubaja", "wangkar", "dungay", "bubu", "manjal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jurrkiji move.camp; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
bulur-iji dunga-nya, jawun-karra jurrki-ji-ny, wawubaja wangkar dunga-ny bubu manjal-ka | cold.season going-SUB, family moved.camp, river up went country hill-DAT


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "kalka", "jirakal", "ngaral", "juku", "dirra", "ngulkurr", "baya", "junkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dirra tooth; CAUS -bungal (transitive)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
english:
The old man made a new spear, straightening the shaft with his teeth and hardening the point in the fire.

kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka kalka jirakal ngaran, juku dirrabu ngulkurr-bungan, kalka bayanga junkurr-bungan.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka kalka jirakal ngara-ny, juku dirra-bu ngulkurr-bunga-ny, kalka baya-nga junkurr-bunga-ny | old man spear new made, shaft tooth-INST straighten-CAUS, point fire-LOC harden-CAUS


english: He also cut a new woomera from hard wood, so the spear would fly further and strike harder.
kuku: Nyulu mirrba jirakal yakan juku junkurrmuny, kalka kalakalbay marra-warrinka, junkurrku damanka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mirrba", "jirakal", "yakal", "juku", "junkurr", "kalka", "kalakalbay", "marra-warri", "damal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: mirrba woomera; double PURP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
nyulu mirrba jirakal yaka-ny juku junkurr-mun, kalka kalakalbay marra-warri-nka, junkurr-ku dama-nka | he woomera new cut wood hard-ABL, spear far fly-PURP, hard strike-PURP


english: The boys watched everything the old man did and asked him the name of every part of the spear.
kuku: Dabalangka nyajin yambayamba mukulungku dingkarangka ngaranya, babajin kalkamu burri wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["dabal", "nyajil", "yambayamba", "mukul", "ngaral", "babaji", "kalka", "burri"]
loans_used: []
evidence: babaji ask; burri name; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
dabal-angka nyaji-ny yambayamba mukul-ungku dingkar-angka ngara-nya, babaji-ny kalka-mu burri wubul-ku | boys watched everything old man making-SUB, asked spear-POSS name all


english: A man who makes his own tools well never goes hungry, the old man told them.
kuku: Bama nyulu kalka ngulkurr ngaral kari dakwuy yabarrka, mukulungku dingkarangka jananda balkan.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["bama", "kalka", "ngulkurr", "ngaral", "dakwuy", "mukul", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: headless relative; proverb
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
bama nyulu kalka ngulkurr ngara-l kari dakwuy yabarrka, mukul-ungku dingkar-angka jana-nda balka-ny | person who spear good makes NEG hungry always, old man 3pl-LOC told


english: The next morning the family broke camp, let the fire die, and walked up the river singing.
kuku: Wunkun wunkuwingku jawunkarra bayan bawan, baya wulan, wawubaja wangkar dungan wulngku badinya.
frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: wulay die; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
analysis:
wunkun wunkuwingku jawun-karra bayan bawa-ny, baya wula-ny, wawubaja wangkar dunga-ny wulngku badi-nya | next morning family camp left, fire died, river up went singing-SUB

words_used:
["wunkun", "jawun", "bayan", "bawal", "baya", "wulay", "wawubaja", "wangkar", "dungay", "wulngku badi"]


kuku: Karrkay-karrkay warrin maku jinanga, jina nyajil-nyajin, buyimu burri yirrkan jana nyajinya.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "warri", "maku", "jina", "nyajil", "buyi", "burri", "yirrkay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jina path/track; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
english:
The children ran ahead on the path, looking for tracks and calling out the names of the birds they saw.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay warri-ny maku jina-nga, jina nyaji-l-nyaji-ny, buyi-mu burri yirrka-ny jana nyaji-nya | children ran ahead path-LOC, tracks searched-REDUP, bird-POSS name called they seeing-SUB


english: By evening they reached the old hill camp, where the shelters still stood from the season before.
kuku: Yilay-yilay jana bubu manjalba kadan, bayan-bayan janan ngadikumuny buluriji.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["yilay-yilay", "bubu", "manjal", "kaday", "bayan", "janay", "ngadiku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: 'still stood'=janay
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
yilay-yilay jana bubu manjal-ba kada-ny, bayan-bayan jana-ny ngadiku-mun bulur-iji | evening they country hill-LOC came, shelters stood long.ago-ABL cold.season


kuku: Kamba-kamba wawu-mini bubu wangkara baja, muyar kiway, bana ngulkurr.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["kamba", "wawu-mini", "bubu", "wangkar", "muyar", "kiway", "bana", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: verbless pair
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
The old people were glad to be back in the high country, where the air is cool and the water is sweet.

analysis:
kamba-kamba wawu-mini bubu wangkar-a baja, muyar kiway, bana ngulkurr | elders glad country high-LOC again, air(wind) cool, water good


frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["kunarangkal", "mukul", "dawar", "nyajil", "manjal", "balkal", "bubu", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nganamu POSS; binal+DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:48:34.881296+00:00
english:
That night the old man looked at the stars over the hills and said: this is our country, and it knows us.

kuku:
Yinya kunarangkal mukulungku dingkarangka dawar nyajin manjalba, balkan: yanyu nganamu bubu, bubu ngananka binal.

analysis:
yinya kunarangkal mukul-ungku dingkar-angka dawar nyaji-ny manjal-ba, balka-ny: yanyu ngana-mu bubu, bubu ngana-nka binal | that night old man stars watched hill-LOC, said: this our country, country us-DAT knows


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "warngku", "wunay", "kuku", "ngadiku", "milka", "baya", "wayjul", "wumbul", "kiway"]
loans_used: []
evidence: milka-janay listen; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
The children fell asleep listening to the old stories, and the fire burned low and warm in the cold night.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay warngku wunan kuku ngadiku milka-jananya, baya buban wajun wumbul kunarangkal kiwaymba.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay warngku wuna-ny kuku ngadiku milka-jana-nya, baya buban waju-ny wumbul kunarangkal kiway-mba | children slept old stories listening-SUB, fire little burned warm night cold-LOC


frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["jawun", "bayan", "kaday", "bubu", "manjal", "wungar", "kamba", "ngadiku", "jilba", "dungay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: payoff
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:46:54.656387+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
And so the family came home to the hill country, as they had every year since the first old people walked there.

kuku:
Yalaku jawunkarra bayanba kadan bubu manjalka, yala wungar wubulku, kamba-kamba ngadiku jilba dunganmuny.

analysis:
yala-ku jawun-karra bayan-ba kada-ny bubu manjal-ka, yala wungar wubul-ku, kamba-kamba ngadiku jilba dunga-ny-mun | like.this family home came country hill-DAT, like years all, elders long.ago walked-ABL


kuku: Mayi kulbulmanda, bayan wubulku jukungu dungan, balji mumban mayi jiba-wulayji.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mayi", "kulbul", "bayan", "juku", "dungay", "balji", "mumbal", "jiba-wulay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kulbul ripe; jiba-wulay sweet
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
When the plums were ripe the whole camp went out to the trees and filled their dilly bags with the sweet fruit.

analysis:
mayi kulbul-ma-ny-da, bayan wubul-ku juku-ngu dunga-ny, balji mumba-ny mayi jiba-wulay-ji | fruit ripe-INCHO-then, camp all tree-LOC went, bags filled food sweet-COMIT


english: The children ate as they picked, and their hands and faces were soon covered in the sweet juice.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka nukan bangkanya, mara walu jiba-wulayji, jana yajarrin wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "nukal", "bangkal", "mara", "walu", "jiba-wulay", "yajarril"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUB; walu face
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka nuka-ny bangka-nya, mara walu jiba-wulay-ji, jana yajarri-ny wubul-ku | children ate picking-SUB, hand face sweet-COMIT, they laughed all


kuku: Wulbumanangka jananda balkan: nyiku nuka wawu, yambada kanbal wundi bayanba, jananka kari kadan.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["wulbuman", "balkal", "nukal", "wawu", "kanbal", "wundil", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: IMP zero nuka/wundi
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
The old woman told them: eat what you like now, but always carry some home for those who could not come.

analysis:
wulbuman-angka jana-nda balka-ny: nyiku nuka wawu, yambada kanbal wundi bayan-ba, jana-nka kari kada-ny | old.woman 3pl-LOC said: now eat what.you.like, but some carry-IMP home, 3pl-DAT NEG came


english: This is sharing, she said: you give much, and the country gives you much back.
kuku: Yanyu dajil, nyulu balkan: yundu wubul dajil, bububu yununda wubul dajil baja.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["dajil", "wubul", "bubu", "yununda"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bubu-bu neutral ERG; reciprocity
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
yanyu daji-l, nyulu balka-ny: yundu wubul daji-l, bubu-bu yunu-nda wubul daji-l baja | this giving, she said: you much give, country-ERG you-LOC much gives back


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "balji", "mayi", "wundil", "bayan", "jawun", "jiba-wulay", "nukal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: COMIT 'full of'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
The children carried the full bags home, and that evening every family in the camp had sweet fruit to eat.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkayangka balji mayiji wundin bayanba, yilay-yilay jawunkarra wubulku mayi jiba-wulay nukan.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka balji mayi-ji wundi-ny bayan-ba, yilay-yilay jawun-karra wubul-ku mayi jiba-wulay nuka-ny | children bags food-COMIT carried home, evening families all fruit sweet ate


english: Two young men argued over a spear, and their voices grew loud and angry by the fire.
kuku: Warru jambul kalkaka kurru-jindawan, jana kuku yalbayman, dukul-wuri bayanga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["warru", "jambul", "kalka", "kurru-jindaway", "kuku", "yalbay", "dukul-wuri", "baya"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kurru-jindaway argue; dukul-wuri angry
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
warru jambul kalka-ka kurru-jindawa-ny, jana kuku yalbay-ma-ny, dukul-wuri baya-nga | young.men two spear-DAT argued, their voice big-INCHO, angry fire-LOC


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: dama-nka PURP; COMIT manner
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
One of them raised his hand to strike, but the old man stood up close to the two and spoke in a hard voice.

kuku:
Nyubun warrungku mara wangkar manin damanka yala, yambada mukul dingkar janan jana jambul ngundu, balkan kuku junkurrji.

analysis:
nyubun warru-ngku mara wangkar mani-ny dama-nka yala, yambada mukul dingkar jana-ny jana jambul-mu ngundu, balka-ny kuku junkurr-ji | one young.man-ERG hand up raised strike-PURP like, but old man stood them two-POSS near, spoke voice hard-COMIT

words_used:
["nyubun", "warru", "mara", "wangkar", "manil", "damal", "mukul", "janay", "ngundu", "balkal", "kuku", "junkurr"]


english: Stop this now, he said. A spear is only wood, but a broken friendship cannot be mended.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["balkal", "kalka", "juku", "nganga", "jawun", "dumbarril", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nganga only; dumbarril break
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
kuku:
Nyulu balkan: kari yanyu nyiku. Kalka juku nganga, yambada jawun dumbarrinmuny kari ngulkurrmal baja.

analysis:
nyulu balka-ny: kari yanyu nyiku. kalka juku nganga, yambada jawun dumbarri-ny-mun kari ngulkurr-ma-l baja | he said: stop this now. spear wood only, but friendship broken-ABL NEG good-INCHO again


english: The two young men looked at the ground, ashamed, and after a while they put down their anger.
kuku: Warru jambul bubu nyajin, jana walu-jirrbu-jirrbu, wungar dunganya jana dukul-wuri bawan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["warru", "bubu", "nyajil", "walu-jirrbu-jirrbu", "dukul-wuri", "bawal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: walu-jirrbu-jirrbu ashamed; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
warru jambul bubu nyaji-ny, jana walu-jirrbu-jirrbu, wungar dunga-nya jana dukul-wuri bawa-ny | young.men two ground looked, they ashamed(sad-faced), time going-SUB they anger left


english: The old man made them shake hands and share food, and by night they were laughing together again.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "mara", "karrbal", "mayi", "dajil", "kunarangkal", "yajarril", "jambul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: CAUS; daji-wa-y RECIP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka jana mara karrbamanin, mayi dajiwan, kunarangkal jana yajarrin baja jambulku.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka jana mara karrba-mani-ny, mayi daji-wa-ny, kunarangkal jana yajarri-ny baja jambul-ku | old man them hand hold-CAUS, food give-RECIP, night they laughed again two-together


english: Anger passes but the camp goes on, said the old man; do not hold your anger hard, like a hot coal.
frame: jussive_quote
loans_used: []
evidence: kari+IMP; yala simile
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka balkan: dukul-wuri dungay, bayan bundanday; kari karrba junkurrku dukul-wuri, yala baya wumbul.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka balka-ny: dukul-wuri dunga-y, bayan bundanda-y; kari karrba junkurr-ku dukul-wuri, yala baya wumbul | old man said: anger goes, camp stays; NEG hold hard anger, like coal hot

words_used:
["mukul", "balkal", "dukul-wuri", "dungay", "bayan", "bunday", "karrbal", "junkurr", "baya", "wumbul"]


english: A boy told a lie about a broken spear, saying the dog had done it, but the old man knew the truth.
kuku: Karrkayangka kalka dumbarrin, warmbijin: kayangka dumbarrin, yambada mukul dingkar yukil binal.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "kalka", "dumbarril", "warmbiji", "kaya", "mukul", "yukil", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: warmbiji lie; yukil true
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T08:03:01.888661+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-angka kalka dumbarri-ny, warmbiji-ny: kaya-ngka dumbarri-ny, yambada mukul dingkar yukil binal | child-ERG spear broke, lied: dog-ERG broke, but old man truth knew


frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "yirrkay", "nganga", "balkal", "jurril", "dandi", "yukil", "kuku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jurril lie(noun); ABL comparison
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
The old man did not shout; he simply said, a lie is a heavy thing to carry, heavier than any true word.

kuku:
Mukul dingkar kari yirrkan; nyulu nganga balkan: jurril dandi wundinka, yukil kukumuny dandi bajaku.

analysis:
mukul dingkar kari yirrka-ny; nyulu nganga balka-ny: jurril dandi wundi-nka, yukil kuku-muny dandi-baja-ku | old man NEG shouted; he just said: lie heavy carry-INF, true word-ABL heavier


english: The boy's face went hot and he told the truth, and the old man nodded and said no more about it.
kuku: Karrkaymu walu wumbulmanda, nyulu yukil balkan, mukul dingkar dukul jurrkin, kari balkan baja.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "walu", "wumbul", "yukil", "balkal", "dukul", "jurrkil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dukul head; 'nodded'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-mu walu wumbul-ma-ny-da, nyulu yukil balka-ny, mukul dingkar dukul jurrki-ny, kari balka-ny baja | child-POSS face hot-INCHO-then, he truth told, old man head turned(nodded), NEG spoke again


frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "wungar", "binal", "yukil", "ngulkurr", "jurril", "dandi", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ABL comparison; SUCC
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
The children learned that day that the truth is easier to carry than a lie, even when it is hard to say.

kuku:
Karrkay-karrkayangka yinya wungar binalman: yukil ngulkurr wundinka jurrilmuny, dandi balkanyjiku yambada.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka yinya wungar binal-ma-ny: yukil ngulkurr wundi-nka jurril-muny, dandi balka-nyjiku yambada | children that day learned: truth good carry-INF lie-ABL, hard say-SUCC but


kuku: Yala kamba-kambangka balkal: balka yaral, yundu yabarrka bama nyajil miyilba.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["kamba", "balkal", "maku", "bama", "nyajil", "miyil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: IMP zero balka; miyil eye
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:21:37.927043+00:00
english:
That is why the old people say: speak straight, and you will always be able to look anyone in the eye.

analysis:
yala kamba-kamba-ngka balka-l: balka yaral, yundu yabarrka bama nyaji-l miyil-ba | thus elders say: speak-IMP straight, you always person look eye-LOC


kuku: Kamba-kamba bayan jambulmuny bundandan wungar wubulku, warru maralji wunayka balkanya.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kamba", "bayan", "jambul", "bunday", "warru", "maral", "wunay", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: wunay marriage; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
The old people of two camps sat together for many days to arrange a marriage between a young man and a young woman.

analysis:
kamba-kamba bayan jambul-mun bundanda-ny wungar wubul-ku, warru maral-ji wunay-ka balka-nya | elders camp two-ABL sat days many, young.man girl-COMIT marriage-DAT talking-SUB


kuku: Jana binalmanda, bama wubul kadan, jawunkarra jambulku mayi kalka dajiwan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["binal", "bama", "wubul", "kaday", "jawun", "jambul", "mayi", "kalka", "dajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: daji-wa-y RECIP exchange
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
When they agreed, there was a big gathering, and the two families exchanged gifts of food and tools.

analysis:
jana binal-ma-ny-da, bama wubul kada-ny, jawun-karra jambul-ku mayi kalka daji-wa-ny | they agreed-then, people many came, families two food spear gave-RECIP


english: The young man built a new shelter and the young woman's mother taught her the ways of a new camp.
kuku: Warrungku bayan jirakal ngaran, maralmu ngamungka nyungu milbin bayan jirakalmu yala.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["warru", "bayan", "jirakal", "ngaral", "maral", "ngamu", "milbil", "yala"]
loans_used: []
evidence: maral-mu POSS
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
warru-ngku bayan jirakal ngara-ny, maral-mu ngamu-ngka nyungu milbi-ny bayan jirakal-mu yala | young.man shelter new built, girl-POSS mother-ERG her showed camp new-POSS way


frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["wulbuman", "manyarr", "dunyu", "bama", "milka", "wanja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: manyarr wife; dunyu husband; milka-wula forget
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
The old woman said to the young wife: your husband's people are your people now, but never forget where you came from.

kuku:
Wulbumanangka manyarr buban balkan: yunu dunyumu bama nyiku yunumu bama, yambada kari milka-wula wanjamuny yundu kadan.

analysis:
wulbuman-angka manyarr buban balka-ny: yunu dunyu-mu bama nyiku yunu-mu bama, yambada kari milka-wula wanja-muny yundu kada-ny | old.woman young.wife said: your husband-POSS people now your people, but NEG forget where-ABL you came


kuku: Jana jambul ngulkurr bundandan, wungar dunganya, nyungu karrkay-karrkay kinkan bayanba wawubajanga.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jambul", "ngulkurr", "bunday", "wungar", "karrkay", "kinkay", "bayan", "wawubaja"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
The two of them lived well together, and in time their own children played in the camp by the river.

analysis:
jana jambul ngulkurr bundanda-ny, wungar dunga-nya, nyungu karrkay-karrkay kinka-ny bayan-ba wawubaja-nga | they two well lived, time going-SUB, their children played camp-LOC river-LOC


english: In the nut season the women gathered the hard nuts that fall from the tall trees near the water.
kuku: Barka wungara jalbu-jalbungku barka junkurr bangkan, juku kalbaymuny daranmuny bana ngundu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["barka", "wungar", "jalbu", "junkurr", "bangkal", "juku", "kalbay", "bana", "ngundu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: barka nut
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
barka wungar-a jalbu-jalbu-ngku barka junkurr bangka-ny, juku kalbay-mun dara-ny-mun bana ngundu | nut season-LOC women nuts hard gathered, tree tall-ABL fell-ABL water near


kuku: Barka kabu, murruji nukal; jalbu-jalbungku bananga yijarrin, dudan, wajun ngulkurrku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["barka", "kabu", "murruji", "nukal", "jalbu", "bana", "yijarril", "dudal", "wayjul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dudal pound [A3583]; kabu bitter
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
The nuts were bitter and could not be eaten; the women soaked them, pounded them, and cooked them with care.

analysis:
barka kabu, murruji nuka-l; jalbu-jalbu-ngku bana-nga yijarri-ny, duda-ny, waju-ny ngulkurr-ku | nuts bitter, unable eat; women water-LOC put, pounded, cooked well


kuku: Wungar nyubun kirrajin barka ngulkurrmanka, yambada mayi junkurr ngulkurr buluriji.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "nyubun", "kirraji", "barka", "ngulkurr", "mayi", "junkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: INCHO-PURP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
english:
It took a whole day's work to make the nuts good to eat, but they were rich food for the cold season.

analysis:
wungar nyubun kirraji-ny barka ngulkurr-ma-nka, yambada mayi junkurr ngulkurr bulur-iji | day one worked nut good-INCHO-PURP, but food strong(rich) good cold.season


english: The old woman showed the girls exactly how long to pound and when the nut paste was ready.
kuku: Wulbumanangka maral-maral milbin: wanjawanja dudal junkurrku, wanjawanja barka ngulkurrmanda.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["wulbuman", "maral", "milbil", "dudal", "junkurr", "barka", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: content question in report
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-angka maral-maral milbi-ny: wanjawanja duda-l junkurr-ku, wanjawanja barka ngulkurr-ma-ny-da | old.woman girls showed: how.long pound hard, when nut ready-INCHO-then


kuku: Nyulu balkan: bububu dajil yamba kari bawal, barka kabu ngulkurrmal mara wunbungu.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["bubu", "dajil", "yamba", "bawal", "barka", "kabu", "ngulkurr", "mara", "wunbu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bubu-bu; wunbu quiet(patient)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
Nothing the country gives is wasted, she said; even the bitter nut becomes good food in patient hands.

analysis:
nyulu balka-ny: bubu-bu daji-l yamba kari bawa-l, barka kabu ngulkurr-ma-l mara wunbu-ngu | she said: country-ERG gives thing NEG waste, nut bitter good-INCHO hand quiet-LOC


english: The old man sat with the children and told them the names of the old people who had gone before.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "karrkay", "ngundu", "bunday", "balkal", "kamba", "burri", "ngadiku"]
loans_used: []
evidence: burri name; POSS
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
kuku:
Mukulungku dingkarangka karrkay-karrkay ngundu bundandan, jananda balkan kamba-kambamu burri, jana ngadiku dunganmuny.

analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka karrkay-karrkay ngundu bundanda-ny, jana-nda balka-ny kamba-kamba-mu burri, jana ngadiku dunga-ny-mun | old man children near sat, 3pl-LOC told elders-POSS names, they long.ago gone-ABL


english: We remember them by their names and their stories, he said, and so they are never really gone.
kuku: Nyulu balkan: ngana binalku jana burribu kukubu, yalaku jana kari dungan yukil.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["balkal", "binalku", "burri", "kuku", "yukil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: binalku remember; INST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
nyulu balka-ny: ngana binalku jana burri-bu kuku-bu, yala-ku jana kari dunga-ny yukil | he said: we remember them name-INST story-INST, thus they NEG gone truly


english: A little girl asked: where do the old people go when they die, and can they see us from there?
kuku: Maralangka bubanangka babajin: kamba-kamba wanjaka dungay wulaku, jana nganangan nyajil yinyaymuny?
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["maral", "buban", "babaji", "kamba", "wanja", "dungay", "wulay", "nyajil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: maral-angka + agreement; babaji ask
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-06T13:03:23.479209+00:00
analysis:
maral-angka buban-angka babaji-ny: kamba-kamba wanja-ka dunga-y wula-ku, jana ngana-ngan nyaji-l yinyay-mun | girl-ERG little-ERG asked: elders where-DAT go die-DAT, they us see there-ABL


english: The old man smiled and said: they go into the country itself — the hills, the water, the stars.
kuku: Mukul dingkar wawu-mini, balkan: jana bubungu dungay — manjalba, bananga, dawara.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mukul", "wawu-mini", "bubu", "dungay", "manjal", "bana", "dawar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: LOC list
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
mukul dingkar wawu-mini, balka-ny: jana bubu-ngu dunga-y — manjal-ba, bana-nga, dawar-a | old man smiled, said: they country-LOC go — hill-LOC, water-LOC, star-LOC


english: When you drink cool water or sit in the shade of a big tree, the old people are with you, he said.
kuku: Yundu bana kiway nukanya, juku yalbaymu wabarrba bundanya, kamba-kamba yunuji, nyulu balkan.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["bana", "kiway", "nukal", "juku", "yalbay", "wabarr", "bunday", "kamba", "yunu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: double SUB; yunu-ji COMIT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
yundu bana kiway nuka-nya, juku yalbay-mu wabarr-ba bunda-nya, kamba-kamba yunu-ji, nyulu balka-ny | you water cool drinking-SUB, tree big-POSS shade-LOC sitting-SUB, elders you-COMIT, he said


english: The little girl was not afraid of dying anymore, and she went to sleep holding the old man's hand.
kuku: Maral buban kari yinil wulaka baja, nyulu warngku wunan mukulmu mara karrbanya.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["maral", "buban", "yinil", "wulay", "warngku", "wunay", "mukul", "mara", "karrbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yinil+DAT; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
maral buban kari yinil wula-ka baja, nyulu warngku wuna-ny mukul-mu mara karrba-nya | girl little NEG afraid death-DAT anymore, she slept old.man-POSS hand holding-SUB


frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["kamba", "dajil", "ngulkurr", "karrkay", "yinil", "wulay", "bubu", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: contrast; payoff
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
That is the greatest thing the old people give the young: not fear of the end, but a place in the country forever.

kuku:
Yanyu kamba-kambangka dajil ngulkurr bajaku karrkayka: kari yinil wulaka, yambada bubungu bunday yabarrka.

analysis:
yanyu kamba-kamba-ngka daji-l ngulkurr-baja-ku karrkay-ka: kari yinil wula-ka, yambada bubu-ngu bunda-y yabarrka | this elders-ERG give best child-DAT: not fear death-DAT, but country-LOC stay always


english: The old man watched the ants carrying their eggs to higher ground and knew the big rains were near.
kuku: Mukulungku dingkarangka kawa nyajin, jana diburr wundinya wangkar bubuka, binal kaba yalbay ngundu.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["mukul", "kawa", "nyajil", "diburr", "wundil", "wangkar", "bubu", "binal", "kaba"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kawa ants; SUB sign-reading
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
mukul-ungku dingkar-angka kawa nyaji-ny, jana diburr wundi-nya wangkar bubu-ka, binal kaba yalbay ngundu | old man ants watched, they eggs carrying-SUB up ground-DAT, knew rain big near


english: He told the men to mend the shelters and gather firewood before the weather turned.
kuku: Nyulu dingkar-dingkar balkan: bayan ngulkurr-bunga, juku bangka, wungar yindumanyjiku.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["dingkar", "balkal", "bayan", "ngulkurr", "juku", "bangkal", "wungar", "yindu"]
loans_used: []
evidence: CAUS-IMP; SUCC 'before'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
nyulu dingkar-dingkar balka-ny: bayan ngulkurr-bunga, juku bangka, wungar yindu-ma-nyjiku | he men told: shelter mend(good-CAUS-IMP), wood gather-IMP, weather change-SUCC


english: The women brought in the drying fish and put the flour and nuts under cover against the rain.
kuku: Jalbu-jalbungku kuyu marral wundin bayanba, bulawu barka bayanba yijarrin kabaka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["jalbu", "kuyu", "marral", "wundil", "bayan", "bulawu", "barka", "yijarril", "kaba"]
loans_used: []
evidence: purpose DAT
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
jalbu-jalbu-ngku kuyu marral wundi-ny bayan-ba, bulawu barka bayan-ba yijarri-ny kaba-ka | women fish dry brought.in shelter-LOC, flour nuts shelter-LOC put rain-DAT


english: That night the first big storm of the wet season came, but the camp was ready and dry and warm.
kuku: Yinya kunarangkal jarramali yalbay kadanyarr buluriji, yambada bayan ngulkurrmanda, marral, wumbul.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["kunarangkal", "jarramali", "yalbay", "kaday", "bayan", "ngulkurr", "marral", "wumbul"]
loans_used: []
evidence: TEMP3 kada-ny-arr (attached)
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
yinya kunarangkal jarramali yalbay kada-ny-arr bulur-iji, yambada bayan ngulkurr-ma-ny-da, marral, wumbul | that night storm big came-first cold.season, but camp ready, dry, warm


english: The children listened to the rain on the paperbark roof and felt safe and warm beside the fire.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka kaba nyajin buykungu, jana ngulkurr wumbul bayanga bundandan.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "kaba", "nyajil", "buyku", "ngulkurr", "wumbul", "baya", "bunday"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nyajil 'heard'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka kaba nyaji-ny buyku-ngu, jana ngulkurr wumbul baya-nga bundanda-ny | children rain heard paperbark-LOC, they safe(good) warm fire-LOC sat


english: The old man was glad; a camp that watches the weather and prepares is never caught out by the rain.
kuku: Mukul dingkar wawu-mini; bayan nyulu wungar nyajil, ngulkurr-bungal, kababu kari karrbal yabarrka.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["mukul", "wawu-mini", "bayan", "wungar", "nyajil", "ngulkurr", "kaba", "karrbal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kaba-bu neutral ERG; headless relative
status: accepted
confidence: medium
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
mukul dingkar wawu-mini; bayan nyulu wungar nyaji-l, ngulkurr-bunga-l, kaba-bu kari karrba-l yabarrka | old man glad; camp that weather watches, prepares, rain-ERG NEG catches ever


english: And so the wet season began, and the camp was warm and full of food, safe until the sun came back.
kuku: Yalaku buluriji kadan, bayan wumbul mayiji, jana yajarrin, ngulkurr wungar kadanyjiku baja.
frame: clause_chain
words_used: ["bulur-iji", "kaday", "bayan", "wumbul", "mayi", "yajarril", "ngulkurr", "wungar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUCC 'until'; payoff
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T02:57:06.374810+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T02:58:46.140324+00:00
analysis:
yala-ku bulur-iji kada-ny, bayan wumbul mayi-ji, jana yajarri-ny, ngulkurr wungar kada-nyjiku baja | thus cold.season came, camp warm food-COMIT, they laughed, safe sun come-SUCC again


kuku: Wulbumanangka wabarrba bundandan, dubal kalbay murnin karra junkurrku, ngunyin jirakalka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wulbuman", "wabarr", "bunday", "dubal", "kalbay", "murnil", "karra", "junkurr", "ngunyin"]
loans_used: []
evidence: murnil twist; ngunyin bag
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
english:
The old woman sat in the shade twisting long strands of bark into strong string for a new dilly bag.

analysis:
wulbuman-angka wabarr-ba bundanda-ny, dubal kalbay murni-ny karra junkurr-ku, ngunyin jirakal-ka | old.woman shade-LOC sat, bark long twisted string strong, dilly.bag new-DAT


kuku: Nyulu karra jungkarrin jandalba maranga, yala ngamungka, ngamumu ngamungka ngaran.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karra", "jungkarril", "jandal", "mara", "ngamu", "ngaral"]
loans_used: []
evidence: jungkarril roll; jandal leg
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
She rolled the string on her leg with her hand, the way her mother and her mother's mother had done.

analysis:
nyulu karra jungkarri-ny jandal-ba mara-nga, yala ngamu-ngka, ngamu-mu ngamu-ngka ngara-ny | she string rolled leg-LOC hand-LOC, like mother-ERG, mother-POSS mother-ERG made


english: The children watched her fingers move and asked if they could learn to make a bag too.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkayangka nyungu mara nyajin jalamanya, babajin: ngana binalmal ngunyin ngaranka baja?
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "mara", "nyajil", "jalamal", "babaji", "binal", "ngunyin", "ngaral"]
loans_used: []
evidence: babaji ask; PURP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka nyungu mara nyaji-ny jalama-nya, babaji-ny: ngana binal-ma-l ngunyin ngara-nka baja? | children her hand watched moving-SUB, asked: we learn dilly.bag make-PURP too?


english: The old woman gave each child a little string and showed them how to make the knots.
kuku: Wulbumanangka karrkay wubulku karra buban dajin, milbin karra kajanka.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wulbuman", "karrkay", "karra", "buban", "dajil", "milbil", "kajal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: kaja-nka PURP
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-angka karrkay wubul-ku karra buban daji-ny, milbi-ny karra kaja-nka | old.woman child all string little gave, showed string tie-PURP


kuku: Wungar dunganya, karrkay wubulku ngunyin buban ngaran, wulbumanangka balkan: yambayamba ngulkurr.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["wungar", "karrkay", "ngunyin", "buban", "ngaral", "wulbuman", "balkal", "yambayamba", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: SUB; yambayamba
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
english:
By the end of the day each child had made a small crooked bag, and the old woman said every one was good.

analysis:
wungar dunga-nya, karrkay wubul-ku ngunyin buban ngara-ny, wulbuman-angka balka-ny: yambayamba ngulkurr | day going-SUB, child all dilly.bag small made, old.woman said: everything good


kuku: Yilay-yilay karrkay-karrkay ngakijin madjanga, nyajilwan juku kulji ngundu bayanba.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["yilay-yilay", "karrkay", "ngakil", "madja", "nyajil", "juku", "kulji", "ngundu", "bayan"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ngaki-ji hide; nyaji-l-wa-y RECIP seek
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
english:
In the late afternoon the children hid and looked for each other among the trees and rocks near the camp.

analysis:
yilay-yilay karrkay-karrkay ngaki-ji-ny madja-nga, nyaji-l-wa-ny juku kulji ngundu bayan-ba | afternoon children hid scrub-LOC, sought-RECIP tree stone near camp-LOC


english: One little boy hid so well in a hollow log that nobody could find him for a long time.
kuku: Karrkay buban ngakijin jukungu ngulkurrku, jana murruji nyajil nyungu wungar wubulku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "buban", "ngakil", "juku", "ngulkurr", "murruji", "nyajil", "wungar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: murruji+NONPAST
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
analysis:
karrkay buban ngaki-ji-ny juku-ngu ngulkurr-ku, jana murruji nyaji-l nyungu wungar wubul-ku | child little hid log-LOC well, they unable find him time long


english: The other children called his name again and again, but he stayed quiet and did not answer.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "yindu", "burri", "yirrkay", "wunbu", "bunday", "balkal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yindu-ngku ERG; burri name
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
kuku:
Karrkay-karrkay yindungku nyungu burri yirrkan baja baja, yambada nyulu wunbu bundanday, kari balkan.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay yindu-ngku nyungu burri yirrka-ny baja baja, yambada nyulu wunbu bundanda-y, kari balka-ny | children other-ERG his name called again again, but he quiet stayed, NEG answered


english: At last the old woman found him, laughing, and said: you hide like a bandicoot, little one!
kuku: Wulbumanangka nyajin, yajarrinya, balkan: yundu ngakiji yala kulngu, buban!
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["wulbuman", "nyajil", "yajarril", "ngakil", "yala", "kulngu", "buban"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yala simile; kulngu bandicoot
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
analysis:
wulbuman-angka nyaji-ny, yajarri-nya, balka-ny: yundu ngaki-ji yala kulngu, buban! | old.woman found, laughing-SUB, said: you hide like bandicoot, little.one!


english: The children ran back to the camp laughing, and the game was the best thing of the whole day.
kuku: Karrkay-karrkay warrin baja bayanba yajarrinya, kinkay ngulkurr bajaku yinya wungarmuny.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "warri", "bayan", "yajarril", "kinkay", "ngulkurr", "wungar"]
loans_used: []
evidence: ABL 'of the day'; SUB
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
analysis:
karrkay-karrkay warri-ny baja bayan-ba yajarri-nya, kinkay ngulkurr-baja-ku yinya wungar-muny | children ran back camp-LOC laughing-SUB, play best that day-ABL


frame: micro_narrative
loans_used: []
evidence: dindal roast; nyamal boil
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:11:27.102536+00:00
english:
Granny cooked three ways that day: she roasted yams in the coals, boiled fish in water, and baked meat in the ground oven.

kuku:
Babingka kulur yala wajun yinya wungar: wukay dindan nulungu, kuyu nyaman bananga, minya wajun kurrmanga.

analysis:
babi-ngka kulur yala waju-ny yinya wungar: wukay dinda-ny nulu-ngu, kuyu nyama-ny bana-nga, minya waju-ny kurrma-nga | granny three ways cooked that day: yams roasted ashes-LOC, fish boiled water-LOC, meat baked earth.oven-LOC

words_used:
["babi", "kulur", "yala", "wayjul", "wukay", "dindal", "nulu", "kuyu", "nyamal", "bana", "minya", "kurrma"]


english: Each food is cooked its own way, she told the girls, and a good cook knows them all.
kuku: Mayi wubulku yindu-yindu wajul, nyulu balkan, bama ngulkurr wajul binal yambayamba.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["mayi", "yindu", "wayjul", "bama", "ngulkurr", "binal", "yambayamba"]
loans_used: []
evidence: yindu-yindu 'each differently'
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
analysis:
mayi wubul-ku yindu-yindu waju-l, nyulu balka-ny, bama ngulkurr waju-l binal yambayamba | food all each-differently cooked, she said, person good cooks knows everything


english: The girls tasted each food and said the roasted yam was the sweetest of all.
kuku: Maral-maralangka mayi wubulku nukan, balkan: wukay dindan jiba-wulay bajaku.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["maral", "mayi", "nukal", "wukay", "dindal", "jiba-wulay"]
loans_used: []
evidence: dindan roasted; superlative -bajaku
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
analysis:
maral-maral-angka mayi wubul-ku nuka-ny, balka-ny: wukay dinda-ny jiba-wulay-baja-ku | girls food all tasted, said: yam roasted sweet-most


kuku: Babingka yajarrin, balkan: bububu dajil yambayamba jiba-wulay, yundu dakwuymba, baya ngulkurrbu.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["babi", "yajarril", "bubu", "dajil", "yambayamba", "jiba-wulay", "dakwuy", "baya", "ngulkurr"]
loans_used: []
evidence: bubu-bu; circumstance LOC
status: revised
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T06:14:04.733658+00:00
english:
Granny laughed and said: everything the country gives is sweet when you are hungry and the fire is good.

analysis:
babi-ngka yajarri-ny, balka-ny: bubu-bu daji-l yambayamba jiba-wulay, yundu dakwuy-mba, baya ngulkurr-bu | granny laughed, said: country-ERG gives everything sweet, you hungry-LOC, fire good-LOC


english: The children carried food to the old people who could not walk to the fire, as they were taught.
frame: micro_narrative
words_used: ["karrkay", "mayi", "wundil", "kamba", "murruji", "jilba", "dungay", "baya", "milbil"]
loans_used: []
evidence: murruji; relative
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
kuku:
Karrkay-karrkayangka mayi wundin kamba-kambanka, jana murruji jilba dungay bayaka, yala jana milbinya.

analysis:
karrkay-karrkay-angka mayi wundi-ny kamba-kamba-nka, jana murruji jilba dunga-y baya-ka, yala jana milbi-nya | children food carried elders-DAT, they unable walk go fire-DAT, as they shown-SUB


english: That is how a camp stays strong, said granny: the young feed the old, and the old teach the young.
frame: jussive_quote
words_used: ["bayan", "junkurr", "bunday", "babi", "balkal", "warru", "kamba", "nukal", "binal"]
loans_used: []
evidence: nuka-mani-l feed(CAUS); chiasmus
status: accepted
confidence: high
rights_status: project_approved_synthetic
author: claude
created_at: 2026-07-03T03:05:16.961758+00:00
updated_at: 2026-07-03T03:06:30.900092+00:00
kuku:
Yalaku bayan junkurr bundanday, babingka balkan: warru-warrungku kamba-kamba nukamanil, kamba-kambangka warru-warru binal-bungal.

analysis:
yala-ku bayan junkurr bundanda-y, babi-ngka balka-ny: warru-warru-ngku kamba-kamba nuka-mani-l, kamba-kamba-ngka warru-warru binal-bunga-l | thus camp strong stays, granny said: young-ERG old feed, old-ERG young teach


