yundu milkaji yinyay nyaji-l | you mullet there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yinyay support; homonym closed.


yundu dalkal yinyay nyaji-l | you sardine there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yinyay support.


yundu dandarrbina yinyay nyaji-l | you eelfish there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; colour/habitat prose closed.


yundu dawal yinyay nyaji-l | you trevally there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; kingfish alternate prose closed.


yundu jarbir yinyay nyaji-l | you grunter there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; generic species prose closed.


yundu jukar-jukarbina yinyay nyaji-l | you sand.whiting there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no productive reduplication claim.


yundu julba yinyay nyaji-l | you minnow there see-NONPAST


yundu julmba yinyay nyaji-l | you sucker.fish there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no action derivation.


yundu kudi yinyay nyaji-l | you barramundi there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; kudi selected over murrabal.


yundu kundur-kundur yinyay nyaji-l | you crescent.perch there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; target lexical form retained.


jana milkaji yinyay nyaji-ny | they mullet there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yinyay support; homonym closed.


jana dalkal yinyay nyaji-ny | they sardine there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; selected sardine sense only.


jana dandarrbina yinyay nyaji-ny | they eelfish there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; colour/habitat prose closed.


jana dawal yinyay nyaji-ny | they trevally there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; kingfish alternate prose closed.


jana jarbir yinyay nyaji-ny | they grunter there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; generic species prose closed.


jana jukar-jukarbina yinyay nyaji-ny | they sand.whiting there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no sand/place derivation.


jana julba yinyay nyaji-ny | they minnow there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; target object bare.


jana julmba yinyay nyaji-ny | they sucker.fish there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no action derivation.


jana kudi yinyay nyaji-ny | they barramundi there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; murrabal equivalent not opened.


jana kundur-kundur yinyay nyaji-ny | they crescent.perch there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; target lexical form retained.


ngana milkaji yaluy nyaji-l | we mullet here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yaluy support; homonym closed.


ngana dalkal yaluy nyaji-l | we sardine here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yaluy support.


ngana dandarrbina yaluy nyaji-l | we eelfish here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; colour/habitat prose closed.


ngana dawal yaluy nyaji-l | we trevally here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; selected trevally sense only.


ngana jarbir yaluy nyaji-l | we grunter here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; target object bare.


ngana jukar-jukarbina yaluy nyaji-l | we sand.whiting here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no sand/place derivation.


ngana julba yaluy nyaji-l | we minnow here see-NONPAST


ngana julmba yaluy nyaji-l | we sucker.fish here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no action derivation.


ngana kudi yaluy nyaji-l | we barramundi here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; selected kudi head only.


ngana kundur-kundur yaluy nyaji-l | we crescent.perch here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no productive reduplication claim.


Rule 182 retains milkaji as mullet and rotates to yinyay deictic support; earache homonym remains closed.


Rule 182 retains dalkal as sardine and rotates to yinyay support; freshwater/red prose remains closed.


Rule 182 retains dandarrbina as eelfish; yellow freshwater eel prose remains closed.


Rule 182 retains dawal as trevally; kingfish alternate prose remains closed.


Rule 182 retains jarbir as grunter; generic species prose remains closed.


jukar-jukarbina yinyay | sand.whiting there

Rule 182 retains jukar-jukarbina as sand whiting; no sand/place or productive reduplication row.


Rule 182 retains julba as minnow; freshwater prose remains closed.


Rule 182 retains julmba as sucker fish; sucking/action derivation remains closed.


Rule 182 retains kudi as barramundi; murrabal equivalent drift remains closed.


kundur-kundur yinyay | crescent.perch there

Rule 182 retains kundur-kundur as crescent perch; reduplication is lexical only.


ngayu milkaji yaluy nyaji-l | I mullet here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception with yaluy support; target object bare.


ngayu dalkal yaluy nyaji-l | I sardine here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception with yaluy support; selected sardine sense only.


ngayu dandarrbina yaluy nyaji-l | I eelfish here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; colour and habitat prose remain closed.


ngayu dawal yaluy nyaji-l | I trevally here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; kingfish alternate prose remains closed.


ngayu jarbir yaluy nyaji-l | I grunter here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; generic species prose not imported.


ngayu jukar-jukarbina yaluy nyaji-l | I sand.whiting here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; sand/place derivation remains closed.


ngayu julba yaluy nyaji-l | I minnow here see-NONPAST


ngayu julmba yaluy nyaji-l | I sucker.fish here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no sucking/action derivation.


ngayu kudi yaluy nyaji-l | I barramundi here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; murrabal equivalent not opened.


ngayu kundur-kundur yaluy nyaji-l | I crescent.perch here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; lexical reduplication only.


yundu milkaji yaluy nyaji-l | you mullet here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yaluy support; homonym closed.


yundu dalkal yaluy nyaji-l | you sardine here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yaluy support; selected sense only.


yundu dandarrbina yaluy nyaji-l | you eelfish here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; colour and habitat prose remain closed.


yundu dawal yaluy nyaji-l | you trevally here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; kingfish alternate prose remains closed.


yundu jarbir yaluy nyaji-l | you grunter here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; generic species prose not imported.


yundu jukar-jukarbina yaluy nyaji-l | you sand.whiting here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no sand/place or productive reduplication row.


yundu julba yaluy nyaji-l | you minnow here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yaluy support; target object bare.


yundu julmba yaluy nyaji-l | you sucker.fish here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no action derivation.


yundu kudi yaluy nyaji-l | you barramundi here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; selected kudi head only.


yundu kundur-kundur yaluy nyaji-l | you crescent.perch here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; target lexical form retained.


jana milkaji yaluy nyaji-ny | they mullet here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yaluy support; homonym closed.


jana dalkal yaluy nyaji-ny | they sardine here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; selected sardine sense only.


jana dandarrbina yaluy nyaji-ny | they eelfish here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; colour and habitat prose remain closed.


jana dawal yaluy nyaji-ny | they trevally here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; kingfish alternate prose remains closed.


jana jarbir yaluy nyaji-ny | they grunter here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; generic species prose remains closed.


jana jukar-jukarbina yaluy nyaji-ny | they sand.whiting here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; sand/place derivation closed.


jana julba yaluy nyaji-ny | they minnow here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; target object bare.


jana julmba yaluy nyaji-ny | they sucker.fish here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no action derivation.


jana kudi yaluy nyaji-ny | they barramundi here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; murrabal equivalent not opened.


jana kundur-kundur yaluy nyaji-ny | they crescent.perch here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; target lexical form retained.


ngana milkaji yinyay nyaji-l | we mullet there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yinyay support; homonym closed.


ngana dalkal yinyay nyaji-l | we sardine there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yinyay support; selected sense only.


ngana dandarrbina yinyay nyaji-l | we eelfish there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; colour and habitat prose remain closed.


ngana dawal yinyay nyaji-l | we trevally there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; selected trevally sense only.


ngana jarbir yinyay nyaji-l | we grunter there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; generic species prose remains closed.


ngana jukar-jukarbina yinyay nyaji-l | we sand.whiting there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no sand/place derivation.


ngana julba yinyay nyaji-l | we minnow there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yinyay support; target object bare.


ngana julmba yinyay nyaji-l | we sucker.fish there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no action derivation.


ngana kudi yinyay nyaji-l | we barramundi there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; selected kudi head only.


ngana kundur-kundur yinyay nyaji-l | we crescent.perch there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; lexical reduplication only.


Rule 183 admits dibarr as teapot; no tea/drinking/use row.


Rule 183 admits jakway as door; front sense closed.


Rule 183 admits juljal as grave; no burial/death-event row.


Rule 183 admits jurungurr as spoon; old-time/making/eating prose closed.


Rule 183 admits kadirangkal as clay pipe; no smoking/use row.


Rule 183 admits mararr as cloth; sail/plaited palm-leaf origin closed.


Rule 183 admits mayal as bottle; no filling/drinking/carrying row.


Rule 183 admits wararra as empty box; no possession/storage/use row.


Rule 183 admits yulal as board; plank and stick contrast closed.


Rule 183 admits yiki-yiki as didgeridoo; no music/play/event row.


ngayu dibarr nyaji-l | I teapot see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; target object bare.


ngayu jakway nyaji-l | I door see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; front sense closed.


ngayu juljal nyaji-l | I grave see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no burial/death-event row.


ngayu jurungurr nyaji-l | I spoon see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no eating/use row.


ngayu kadirangkal nyaji-l | I clay.pipe see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no smoking/use row.


ngayu mararr nyaji-l | I cloth see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; sail origin closed.


ngayu mayal nyaji-l | I bottle see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no filling/drinking row.


ngayu wararra nyaji-l | I empty.box see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no storage/use row.


ngayu yulal nyaji-l | I board see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; plank/stick contrast closed.


ngayu yiki-yiki nyaji-l | I didgeridoo see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no music/play row.


yundu dibarr yinyay nyaji-l | you teapot there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yinyay support.


yundu jakway yinyay nyaji-l | you door there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; front sense closed.


yundu juljal yinyay nyaji-l | you grave there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no burial/death-event row.


yundu jurungurr yinyay nyaji-l | you spoon there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no eating/use row.


yundu kadirangkal yinyay nyaji-l | you clay.pipe there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no smoking/use row.


yundu mararr yinyay nyaji-l | you cloth there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; target object bare.


yundu mayal yinyay nyaji-l | you bottle there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no filling/drinking row.


yundu wararra yinyay nyaji-l | you empty.box there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no storage/use row.


yundu yulal yinyay nyaji-l | you board there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; board only.


yundu yiki-yiki yinyay nyaji-l | you didgeridoo there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no play/music row.


jana dibarr yinyay nyaji-ny | they teapot there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yinyay support.


jana jakway yinyay nyaji-ny | they door there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; front sense closed.


jana juljal yinyay nyaji-ny | they grave there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no burial/death-event row.


jana jurungurr yinyay nyaji-ny | they spoon there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no eating/use row.


jana kadirangkal yinyay nyaji-ny | they clay.pipe there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no smoking/use row.


jana mararr yinyay nyaji-ny | they cloth there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; sail origin closed.


jana mayal yinyay nyaji-ny | they bottle there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no filling/drinking row.


jana wararra yinyay nyaji-ny | they empty.box there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no storage/use row.


jana yulal yinyay nyaji-ny | they board there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; board only.


jana yiki-yiki yinyay nyaji-ny | they didgeridoo there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no play/music row.


ngana dibarr yaluy nyaji-l | we teapot here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yaluy support.


ngana jakway yaluy nyaji-l | we door here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; front sense closed.


ngana juljal yaluy nyaji-l | we grave here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no burial/death-event row.


ngana jurungurr yaluy nyaji-l | we spoon here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no eating/use row.


ngana kadirangkal yaluy nyaji-l | we clay.pipe here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no smoking/use row.


ngana mararr yaluy nyaji-l | we cloth here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; target object bare.


ngana mayal yaluy nyaji-l | we bottle here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no filling/drinking row.


ngana wararra yaluy nyaji-l | we empty.box here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no storage/use row.


ngana yulal yaluy nyaji-l | we board here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; board only.


ngana yiki-yiki yaluy nyaji-l | we didgeridoo here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no play/music row.


Rule 184 retains dibarr as teapot and rotates to yinyay deictic support.


Rule 184 retains jakway as door; front sense closed.


Rule 184 retains juljal as grave; no burial/death-event row.


Rule 184 retains jurungurr as spoon; old-time/making/eating prose closed.


Rule 184 retains kadirangkal as clay pipe; no smoking/use row.


Rule 184 retains mararr as cloth; sail/plaited-palm origin closed.


Rule 184 retains mayal as bottle; no filling/drinking/carrying row.


Rule 184 retains wararra as empty box; no possession/storage/use row.


Rule 184 retains yulal as board; plank and stick contrast closed.


Rule 184 retains yiki-yiki as didgeridoo; no music/play/event row.


ngayu dibarr yaluy nyaji-l | I teapot here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception with yaluy support; target object bare.


ngayu jakway yaluy nyaji-l | I door here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; front sense closed.


ngayu juljal yaluy nyaji-l | I grave here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no burial/death-event row.


ngayu jurungurr yaluy nyaji-l | I spoon here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no eating/use row.


ngayu kadirangkal yaluy nyaji-l | I clay.pipe here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no smoking/use row.


ngayu mararr yaluy nyaji-l | I cloth here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; sail origin closed.


ngayu mayal yaluy nyaji-l | I bottle here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no filling/drinking row.


ngayu wararra yaluy nyaji-l | I empty.box here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no storage/use row.


ngayu yulal yaluy nyaji-l | I board here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; plank/stick contrast closed.


ngayu yiki-yiki yaluy nyaji-l | I didgeridoo here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no music/play row.


yundu dibarr yaluy nyaji-l | you teapot here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yaluy support.


yundu jakway yaluy nyaji-l | you door here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; front sense closed.


yundu juljal yaluy nyaji-l | you grave here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no burial/death-event row.


yundu jurungurr yaluy nyaji-l | you spoon here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no eating/use row.


yundu kadirangkal yaluy nyaji-l | you clay.pipe here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no smoking/use row.


yundu mararr yaluy nyaji-l | you cloth here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; target object bare.


yundu mayal yaluy nyaji-l | you bottle here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no filling/drinking row.


yundu wararra yaluy nyaji-l | you empty.box here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no storage/use row.


yundu yulal yaluy nyaji-l | you board here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; board only.


yundu yiki-yiki yaluy nyaji-l | you didgeridoo here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no play/music row.


jana dibarr yaluy nyaji-ny | they teapot here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yaluy support.


jana jakway yaluy nyaji-ny | they door here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; front sense closed.


jana juljal yaluy nyaji-ny | they grave here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no burial/death-event row.


jana jurungurr yaluy nyaji-ny | they spoon here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no eating/use row.


jana kadirangkal yaluy nyaji-ny | they clay.pipe here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no smoking/use row.


jana mararr yaluy nyaji-ny | they cloth here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; sail origin closed.


jana mayal yaluy nyaji-ny | they bottle here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no filling/drinking row.


jana wararra yaluy nyaji-ny | they empty.box here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no storage/use row.


jana yulal yaluy nyaji-ny | they board here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; board only.


jana yiki-yiki yaluy nyaji-ny | they didgeridoo here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no play/music row.


ngana dibarr yinyay nyaji-l | we teapot there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yinyay support.


ngana jakway yinyay nyaji-l | we door there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; front sense closed.


ngana juljal yinyay nyaji-l | we grave there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no burial/death-event row.


ngana jurungurr yinyay nyaji-l | we spoon there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no eating/use row.


ngana kadirangkal yinyay nyaji-l | we clay.pipe there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no smoking/use row.


ngana mararr yinyay nyaji-l | we cloth there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; target object bare.


ngana mayal yinyay nyaji-l | we bottle there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no filling/drinking row.


ngana wararra yinyay nyaji-l | we empty.box there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no storage/use row.


ngana yulal yinyay nyaji-l | we board there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; board only.


ngana yiki-yiki yinyay nyaji-l | we didgeridoo there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no play/music row.


binda-dijarr yaluy | stony.crossing here

Rule 185 admits binda-dijarr as stony crossing; capitalized place-name and route/river event senses closed.


Rule 185 admits duli as burnt patch of grass; no fire/burning event row.


Rule 185 admits jamar as newly cleared scrub; no clearing action row.


Rule 185 admits kabay as small ant bed; no ant/insect behavior row.


Rule 185 admits karrangkal as reef; coral/sea/water claims closed.


Rule 185 admits kuri as small patch of scrub; no plant-use/ecology row.


Rule 185 admits ngamar as cliff; no climbing/danger row.


Rule 185 admits nganyay as desert; no heat/travel/scarcity row.


Rule 185 admits ngidin as boundary; no ownership/dispute row.


Rule 185 admits warrmba as exposed place; no causative/find/peep row.


ngayu binda-dijarr nyaji-l | I stony.crossing see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; target landform bare.


ngayu duli nyaji-l | I burnt.patch.of.grass see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no fire/burning event row.


ngayu jamar nyaji-l | I newly.cleared.scrub see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no clearing action row.


ngayu kabay nyaji-l | I small.ant.bed see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no ant/insect behavior row.


ngayu karrangkal nyaji-l | I reef see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; coral/sea/water claims closed.


ngayu kuri nyaji-l | I small.patch.of.scrub see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; plant-use/ecology closed.


ngayu ngamar nyaji-l | I cliff see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no climbing/danger row.


ngayu nganyay nyaji-l | I desert see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no heat/travel/scarcity row.


ngayu ngidin nyaji-l | I boundary see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no ownership/dispute row.


ngayu warrmba nyaji-l | I exposed.place see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no warrmba-bungal verb row.


yundu binda-dijarr yinyay nyaji-l | you stony.crossing there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yinyay support.


yundu duli yinyay nyaji-l | you burnt.patch.of.grass there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no fire/burning event row.


yundu jamar yinyay nyaji-l | you newly.cleared.scrub there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no clearing action row.


yundu kabay yinyay nyaji-l | you small.ant.bed there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no ant/insect behavior row.


yundu karrangkal yinyay nyaji-l | you reef there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; reef only.


yundu kuri yinyay nyaji-l | you small.patch.of.scrub there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; plant-use/ecology closed.


yundu ngamar yinyay nyaji-l | you cliff there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no climbing/danger row.


yundu nganyay yinyay nyaji-l | you desert there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; desert only.


yundu ngidin yinyay nyaji-l | you boundary there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no dispute/legal row.


yundu warrmba yinyay nyaji-l | you exposed.place there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no causative/find/peep row.


jana binda-dijarr yinyay nyaji-ny | they stony.crossing there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yinyay support.


They saw the burnt patch of grass there.

jana duli yinyay nyaji-ny | they burnt.patch.of.grass there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no fire/burning event row.


jana jamar yinyay nyaji-ny | they newly.cleared.scrub there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no clearing action row.


jana kabay yinyay nyaji-ny | they small.ant.bed there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no ant/insect behavior row.


jana karrangkal yinyay nyaji-ny | they reef there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; reef only.


They saw the small patch of scrub there.

jana kuri yinyay nyaji-ny | they small.patch.of.scrub there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; plant-use/ecology closed.


jana ngamar yinyay nyaji-ny | they cliff there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no climbing/danger row.


jana nganyay yinyay nyaji-ny | they desert there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; desert only.


jana ngidin yinyay nyaji-ny | they boundary there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no dispute/legal row.


jana warrmba yinyay nyaji-ny | they exposed.place there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no causative/find/peep row.


ngana binda-dijarr yaluy nyaji-l | we stony.crossing here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yaluy support.


ngana duli yaluy nyaji-l | we burnt.patch.of.grass here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no fire/burning event row.


ngana jamar yaluy nyaji-l | we newly.cleared.scrub here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no clearing action row.


ngana kabay yaluy nyaji-l | we small.ant.bed here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no ant/insect behavior row.


ngana karrangkal yaluy nyaji-l | we reef here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; reef only.


ngana kuri yaluy nyaji-l | we small.patch.of.scrub here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; plant-use/ecology closed.


ngana ngamar yaluy nyaji-l | we cliff here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no climbing/danger row.


ngana nganyay yaluy nyaji-l | we desert here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; desert only.


ngana ngidin yaluy nyaji-l | we boundary here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no dispute/legal row.


ngana warrmba yaluy nyaji-l | we exposed.place here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no causative/find/peep row.


binda-dijarr yinyay | stony.crossing there

Rule 186 retains binda-dijarr as stony crossing and rotates to yinyay deictic support.


duli yinyay | burnt.patch.of.grass there

Rule 186 retains duli as burnt patch of grass; no fire/burning event row.


jamar yinyay | newly.cleared.scrub there

Rule 186 retains jamar as newly cleared scrub; no clearing action row.


Rule 186 retains kabay as small ant bed; no ant/insect behavior row.


Rule 186 retains karrangkal as reef; coral/sea/water claims closed.


kuri yinyay | small.patch.of.scrub there

Rule 186 retains kuri as small patch of scrub; plant-use/ecology closed.


Rule 186 retains ngamar as cliff; no climbing/danger row.


Rule 186 retains nganyay as desert; no heat/travel/scarcity row.


Rule 186 retains ngidin as boundary; no ownership/dispute row.


Rule 186 retains warrmba as exposed place; no causative/find/peep row.


ngayu binda-dijarr yaluy nyaji-l | I stony.crossing here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception with yaluy support; target landform bare.


ngayu duli yaluy nyaji-l | I burnt.patch.of.grass here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no fire/burning event row.


ngayu jamar yaluy nyaji-l | I newly.cleared.scrub here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no clearing action row.


ngayu kabay yaluy nyaji-l | I small.ant.bed here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no ant/insect behavior row.


ngayu karrangkal yaluy nyaji-l | I reef here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; reef only.


ngayu kuri yaluy nyaji-l | I small.patch.of.scrub here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; plant-use/ecology closed.


ngayu ngamar yaluy nyaji-l | I cliff here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no climbing/danger row.


ngayu nganyay yaluy nyaji-l | I desert here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; desert only.


ngayu ngidin yaluy nyaji-l | I boundary here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no ownership/dispute row.


ngayu warrmba yaluy nyaji-l | I exposed.place here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no warrmba-bungal verb row.


yundu binda-dijarr yaluy nyaji-l | you stony.crossing here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yaluy support.


yundu duli yaluy nyaji-l | you burnt.patch.of.grass here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no fire/burning event row.


yundu jamar yaluy nyaji-l | you newly.cleared.scrub here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no clearing action row.


yundu kabay yaluy nyaji-l | you small.ant.bed here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no ant/insect behavior row.


yundu karrangkal yaluy nyaji-l | you reef here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; reef only.


yundu kuri yaluy nyaji-l | you small.patch.of.scrub here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; plant-use/ecology closed.


yundu ngamar yaluy nyaji-l | you cliff here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no climbing/danger row.


yundu nganyay yaluy nyaji-l | you desert here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; desert only.


yundu ngidin yaluy nyaji-l | you boundary here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no dispute/legal row.


yundu warrmba yaluy nyaji-l | you exposed.place here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no causative/find/peep row.


jana binda-dijarr yaluy nyaji-ny | they stony.crossing here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yaluy support.


jana duli yaluy nyaji-ny | they burnt.patch.of.grass here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no fire/burning event row.


jana jamar yaluy nyaji-ny | they newly.cleared.scrub here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no clearing action row.


jana kabay yaluy nyaji-ny | they small.ant.bed here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no ant/insect behavior row.


jana karrangkal yaluy nyaji-ny | they reef here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; reef only.


jana kuri yaluy nyaji-ny | they small.patch.of.scrub here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; plant-use/ecology closed.


jana ngamar yaluy nyaji-ny | they cliff here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no climbing/danger row.


jana nganyay yaluy nyaji-ny | they desert here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; desert only.


jana ngidin yaluy nyaji-ny | they boundary here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no dispute/legal row.


jana warrmba yaluy nyaji-ny | they exposed.place here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no causative/find/peep row.


ngana binda-dijarr yinyay nyaji-l | we stony.crossing there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yinyay support.


ngana duli yinyay nyaji-l | we burnt.patch.of.grass there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no fire/burning event row.


ngana jamar yinyay nyaji-l | we newly.cleared.scrub there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no clearing action row.


ngana kabay yinyay nyaji-l | we small.ant.bed there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no ant/insect behavior row.


ngana karrangkal yinyay nyaji-l | we reef there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; reef only.


ngana kuri yinyay nyaji-l | we small.patch.of.scrub there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; plant-use/ecology closed.


ngana ngamar yinyay nyaji-l | we cliff there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no climbing/danger row.


ngana nganyay yinyay nyaji-l | we desert there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; desert only.


ngana ngidin yinyay nyaji-l | we boundary there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no dispute/legal row.


ngana warrmba yinyay nyaji-l | we exposed.place there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no causative/find/peep row.


Rule 187 admits dawarr as straw hat; no wearing, making, straw-source, or loan row.


Rule 187 admits kayamuku as felt hat; dog/back literal source closed.


Rule 187 admits malnkurr as headband; no wearing/body-part/making row.


Rule 187 admits mirrimbal as cockatoo crest; feather/wax/ceremony rows closed.


Rule 187 admits wayarri as hair belt; no body-part hair or wearing row.


Rule 187 admits dambal as shoes; no walking or foot/body-part row.


Rule 187 admits jilngarr as seashell headband; shellfish/beach/collecting rows closed.


Rule 187 admits julkun as bark belt; mourning/death/tree/material-source rows closed.


Rule 187 admits bilangkurr as blanket; no sleeping, covering, warming, or ownership row.


Rule 187 admits wandu as hat; no wearing/making/body-part row.


ngayu dawarr nyaji-l | I straw.hat see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; target clothing head bare.


ngayu kayamuku nyaji-l | I felt.hat see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; dog/back literal source closed.


ngayu malnkurr nyaji-l | I headband see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no wearing/body-part row.


ngayu mirrimbal nyaji-l | I cockatoo.crest see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; feather/wax/ceremony rows closed.


ngayu wayarri nyaji-l | I hair.belt see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no body-part hair row.


ngayu dambal nyaji-l | I shoes see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no walking/foot row.


ngayu jilngarr nyaji-l | I seashell.headband see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no shellfish/beach/collecting row.


ngayu julkun nyaji-l | I bark.belt see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no mourning/death/tree/source row.


ngayu bilangkurr nyaji-l | I blanket see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no sleeping/covering row.


First-person present perception; no wearing/making row.


yundu dawarr yinyay nyaji-l | you straw.hat there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yinyay support.


yundu kayamuku yinyay nyaji-l | you felt.hat there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; dog/back literal source closed.


yundu malnkurr yinyay nyaji-l | you headband there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no wearing/body-part row.


yundu mirrimbal yinyay nyaji-l | you cockatoo.crest there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; feather/wax/ceremony rows closed.


yundu wayarri yinyay nyaji-l | you hair.belt there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no body-part hair row.


yundu dambal yinyay nyaji-l | you shoes there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no walking/foot row.


yundu jilngarr yinyay nyaji-l | you seashell.headband there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no shellfish/beach/collecting row.


yundu julkun yinyay nyaji-l | you bark.belt there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no mourning/death/tree/source row.


yundu bilangkurr yinyay nyaji-l | you blanket there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no sleeping/covering row.


yundu wandu yinyay nyaji-l | you hat there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no wearing/making row.


jana dawarr yinyay nyaji-ny | they straw.hat there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yinyay support.


jana kayamuku yinyay nyaji-ny | they felt.hat there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; dog/back literal source closed.


jana malnkurr yinyay nyaji-ny | they headband there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no wearing/body-part row.


jana mirrimbal yinyay nyaji-ny | they cockatoo.crest there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; feather/wax/ceremony rows closed.


jana wayarri yinyay nyaji-ny | they hair.belt there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no body-part hair row.


jana dambal yinyay nyaji-ny | they shoes there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no walking/foot row.


jana jilngarr yinyay nyaji-ny | they seashell.headband there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no shellfish/beach/collecting row.


jana julkun yinyay nyaji-ny | they bark.belt there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no mourning/death/tree/source row.


jana bilangkurr yinyay nyaji-ny | they blanket there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no sleeping/covering row.


jana wandu yinyay nyaji-ny | they hat there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no wearing/making row.


ngana dawarr yaluy nyaji-l | we straw.hat here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yaluy support.


ngana kayamuku yaluy nyaji-l | we felt.hat here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; dog/back literal source closed.


ngana malnkurr yaluy nyaji-l | we headband here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no wearing/body-part row.


ngana mirrimbal yaluy nyaji-l | we cockatoo.crest here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; feather/wax/ceremony rows closed.


ngana wayarri yaluy nyaji-l | we hair.belt here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no body-part hair row.


ngana dambal yaluy nyaji-l | we shoes here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no walking/foot row.


ngana jilngarr yaluy nyaji-l | we seashell.headband here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no shellfish/beach/collecting row.


ngana julkun yaluy nyaji-l | we bark.belt here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no mourning/death/tree/source row.


ngana bilangkurr yaluy nyaji-l | we blanket here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no sleeping/covering row.


ngana wandu yaluy nyaji-l | we hat here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no wearing/making row.


Rule 188 retains dawarr as straw hat and rotates to yinyay deictic support.


Rule 188 retains kayamuku as felt hat; dog/back literal source closed.


Rule 188 retains malnkurr as headband; no wearing/body-part/making row.


Rule 188 retains mirrimbal as cockatoo crest; feather/wax/ceremony rows closed.


Rule 188 retains wayarri as hair belt; no body-part hair or wearing row.


Rule 188 retains dambal as shoes; no walking or foot/body-part row.


jilngarr yinyay | seashell.headband there

Rule 188 retains jilngarr as seashell headband; shellfish/beach/collecting rows closed.


Rule 188 retains julkun as bark belt; mourning/death/tree/material-source rows closed.


Rule 188 retains bilangkurr as blanket; no sleeping, covering, warming, or ownership row.


Rule 188 retains wandu as hat; no wearing/making/body-part row.


ngayu dawarr yaluy nyaji-l | I straw.hat here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception with yaluy support; target clothing head bare.


ngayu kayamuku yaluy nyaji-l | I felt.hat here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; dog/back literal source closed.


ngayu malnkurr yaluy nyaji-l | I headband here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no wearing/body-part row.


ngayu mirrimbal yaluy nyaji-l | I cockatoo.crest here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; feather/wax/ceremony rows closed.


ngayu wayarri yaluy nyaji-l | I hair.belt here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no body-part hair row.


ngayu dambal yaluy nyaji-l | I shoes here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no walking/foot row.


ngayu jilngarr yaluy nyaji-l | I seashell.headband here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no shellfish/beach/collecting row.


ngayu julkun yaluy nyaji-l | I bark.belt here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no mourning/death/tree/source row.


ngayu bilangkurr yaluy nyaji-l | I blanket here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no sleeping/covering row.


ngayu wandu yaluy nyaji-l | I hat here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no wearing/making row.


yundu dawarr yaluy nyaji-l | you straw.hat here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yaluy support.


yundu kayamuku yaluy nyaji-l | you felt.hat here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; dog/back literal source closed.


yundu malnkurr yaluy nyaji-l | you headband here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no wearing/body-part row.


yundu mirrimbal yaluy nyaji-l | you cockatoo.crest here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; feather/wax/ceremony rows closed.


yundu wayarri yaluy nyaji-l | you hair.belt here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no body-part hair row.


yundu dambal yaluy nyaji-l | you shoes here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no walking/foot row.


yundu jilngarr yaluy nyaji-l | you seashell.headband here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no shellfish/beach/collecting row.


yundu julkun yaluy nyaji-l | you bark.belt here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no mourning/death/tree/source row.


yundu bilangkurr yaluy nyaji-l | you blanket here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no sleeping/covering row.


yundu wandu yaluy nyaji-l | you hat here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no wearing/making row.


jana dawarr yaluy nyaji-ny | they straw.hat here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yaluy support.


jana kayamuku yaluy nyaji-ny | they felt.hat here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; dog/back literal source closed.


jana malnkurr yaluy nyaji-ny | they headband here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no wearing/body-part row.


jana mirrimbal yaluy nyaji-ny | they cockatoo.crest here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; feather/wax/ceremony rows closed.


jana wayarri yaluy nyaji-ny | they hair.belt here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no body-part hair row.


jana dambal yaluy nyaji-ny | they shoes here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no walking/foot row.


jana jilngarr yaluy nyaji-ny | they seashell.headband here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no shellfish/beach/collecting row.


jana julkun yaluy nyaji-ny | they bark.belt here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no mourning/death/tree/source row.


jana bilangkurr yaluy nyaji-ny | they blanket here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no sleeping/covering row.


jana wandu yaluy nyaji-ny | they hat here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no wearing/making row.


ngana dawarr yinyay nyaji-l | we straw.hat there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yinyay support.


ngana kayamuku yinyay nyaji-l | we felt.hat there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; dog/back literal source closed.


ngana malnkurr yinyay nyaji-l | we headband there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no wearing/body-part row.


ngana mirrimbal yinyay nyaji-l | we cockatoo.crest there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; feather/wax/ceremony rows closed.


ngana wayarri yinyay nyaji-l | we hair.belt there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no body-part hair row.


ngana dambal yinyay nyaji-l | we shoes there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no walking/foot row.


ngana jilngarr yinyay nyaji-l | we seashell.headband there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no shellfish/beach/collecting row.


ngana julkun yinyay nyaji-l | we bark.belt there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no mourning/death/tree/source row.


ngana bilangkurr yinyay nyaji-l | we blanket there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no sleeping/covering row.


ngana wandu yinyay nyaji-l | we hat there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no wearing/making row.


Dictionary head birungubay 'paddle, oar'; reference noun only.


Dictionary head durray 'fighting stick'; reference noun only.


Dictionary head jinil 'barb of spear'; component reference only.


Dictionary head kukuni 'big spear'; no turtle-spearing event opened.


Dictionary head kulbanmuku 'axe, originally stone axe'; reference noun only.


Dictionary head kurajan 'turtle spear point', Yalanji form; no turtle event opened.


Dictionary head kuyan 'war spear with quartz head'; quartz/material prose closed.


Dictionary head mirru 'club, nullanulla'; reference noun only.


Dictionary head nala-nala 'waddy club'; reduplicated lexical head only.


Dictionary head ngurmu 'decorated butt of woomera'; component reference only.


ngayu birungubay nyaji-l | I paddle see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; paddle remains bare.


ngayu durray nyaji-l | I fighting.stick see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no fighting event opened.


ngayu jinil nyaji-l | I spear.barb see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; component remains bare.


ngayu kukuni nyaji-l | I big.spear see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no spearing event opened.


ngayu kulbanmuku nyaji-l | I axe see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no cutting or material-source row.


ngayu kurajan nyaji-l | I turtle.spear.point see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; Yalanji form retained.


ngayu kuyan nyaji-l | I war.spear see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no fighting/throwing row.


ngayu mirru nyaji-l | I club see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; club remains bare.


ngayu nala-nala nyaji-l | I waddy.club see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; reduplicated head retained.


ngayu ngurmu nyaji-l | I woomera.butt see-NONPAST


yundu birungubay yinyay nyaji-l | you paddle there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yinyay support.


yundu durray yinyay nyaji-l | you fighting.stick there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no fighting event opened.


yundu jinil yinyay nyaji-l | you spear.barb there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no spear-use row.


yundu kukuni yinyay nyaji-l | you big.spear there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no harpoon-use row.


yundu kulbanmuku yinyay nyaji-l | you axe there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no cutting row.


yundu kurajan yinyay nyaji-l | you turtle.spear.point there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no turtle row.


yundu kuyan yinyay nyaji-l | you war.spear there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; quartz/source prose closed.


yundu mirru yinyay nyaji-l | you club there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no striking row.


yundu nala-nala yinyay nyaji-l | you waddy.club there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; lexical reduplication only.


yundu ngurmu yinyay nyaji-l | you woomera.butt there see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no throwing/defence row.


jana birungubay yinyay nyaji-ny | they paddle there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yinyay support.


jana durray yinyay nyaji-ny | they fighting.stick there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no fighting event opened.


jana jinil yinyay nyaji-ny | they spear.barb there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; component remains bare.


jana kukuni yinyay nyaji-ny | they big.spear there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no spearing event opened.


jana kulbanmuku yinyay nyaji-ny | they axe there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no chopping/cutting row.


jana kurajan yinyay nyaji-ny | they turtle.spear.point there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; Yalanji form retained.


jana kuyan yinyay nyaji-ny | they war.spear there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no quartz/source row.


jana mirru yinyay nyaji-ny | they club there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no striking row.


jana nala-nala yinyay nyaji-ny | they waddy.club there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no weapon-use row.


jana ngurmu yinyay nyaji-ny | they woomera.butt there see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no throwing/defence row.


ngana birungubay yaluy nyaji-l | we paddle here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yaluy support.


ngana durray yaluy nyaji-l | we fighting.stick here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no fighting event opened.


ngana jinil yaluy nyaji-l | we spear.barb here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; component remains bare.


ngana kukuni yaluy nyaji-l | we big.spear here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no harpoon-use row.


ngana kulbanmuku yaluy nyaji-l | we axe here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no cutting/tool-use row.


ngana kurajan yaluy nyaji-l | we turtle.spear.point here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no turtle event opened.


ngana kuyan yaluy nyaji-l | we war.spear here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no fighting/throwing row.


ngana mirru yaluy nyaji-l | we club here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; club remains bare.


ngana nala-nala yaluy nyaji-l | we waddy.club here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; lexical reduplication only.


ngana ngurmu yaluy nyaji-l | we woomera.butt here see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no throwing/defence row.


Rule 190 retains birungubay as paddle/oar and rotates to yinyay deictic support.


Rule 190 retains durray as fighting stick; no fighting/hitting event row.


Rule 190 retains jinil as spear barb; no spear-use/material row.


Rule 190 retains kukuni as big spear; no harpoon-use row.


Rule 190 retains kulbanmuku as axe; no cutting/chopping row.


kurajan yinyay | turtle.spear.point there

Rule 190 retains kurajan as turtle spear point; no turtle event row.


Rule 190 retains kuyan as war spear; no quartz/fighting row.


Rule 190 retains mirru as club; no striking row.


Rule 190 retains nala-nala as lexical waddy club; no productive reduplication row.


Rule 190 retains ngurmu as woomera butt; no throwing/defence row.


ngayu birungubay yaluy nyaji-l | I paddle here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception with yaluy support; target remains bare.


ngayu durray yaluy nyaji-l | I fighting.stick here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no fighting event opened.


ngayu jinil yaluy nyaji-l | I spear.barb here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; component remains bare.


ngayu kukuni yaluy nyaji-l | I big.spear here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no turtle-spearing row.


ngayu kulbanmuku yaluy nyaji-l | I axe here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no cutting/material-source row.


ngayu kurajan yaluy nyaji-l | I turtle.spear.point here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no turtle event row.


ngayu kuyan yaluy nyaji-l | I war.spear here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no throwing/fighting row.


ngayu mirru yaluy nyaji-l | I club here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no striking row.


ngayu nala-nala yaluy nyaji-l | I waddy.club here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; lexical reduplication only.


ngayu ngurmu yaluy nyaji-l | I woomera.butt here see-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no throwing/defence row.


yundu birungubay yaluy nyaji-l | you paddle here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yaluy support.


yundu durray yaluy nyaji-l | you fighting.stick here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no fighting event opened.


yundu jinil yaluy nyaji-l | you spear.barb here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no spear-use row.


yundu kukuni yaluy nyaji-l | you big.spear here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no harpoon-use row.


yundu kulbanmuku yaluy nyaji-l | you axe here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no cutting/tool-use row.


yundu kurajan yaluy nyaji-l | you turtle.spear.point here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no turtle row.


yundu kuyan yaluy nyaji-l | you war.spear here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; quartz/source prose closed.


yundu mirru yaluy nyaji-l | you club here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no striking row.


yundu nala-nala yaluy nyaji-l | you waddy.club here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; lexical reduplication only.


yundu ngurmu yaluy nyaji-l | you woomera.butt here see-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no throwing/defence row.


jana birungubay yaluy nyaji-ny | they paddle here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yaluy support.


jana durray yaluy nyaji-ny | they fighting.stick here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no fighting event opened.


jana jinil yaluy nyaji-ny | they spear.barb here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; component remains bare.


jana kukuni yaluy nyaji-ny | they big.spear here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no spearing event opened.


jana kulbanmuku yaluy nyaji-ny | they axe here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no chopping/cutting row.


jana kurajan yaluy nyaji-ny | they turtle.spear.point here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no turtle event row.


jana kuyan yaluy nyaji-ny | they war.spear here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no quartz/source row.


jana mirru yaluy nyaji-ny | they club here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no striking row.


jana nala-nala yaluy nyaji-ny | they waddy.club here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no weapon-use row.


jana ngurmu yaluy nyaji-ny | they woomera.butt here see-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no throwing/defence row.


ngana birungubay yinyay nyaji-l | we paddle there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yinyay support.


ngana durray yinyay nyaji-l | we fighting.stick there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no fighting event opened.


ngana jinil yinyay nyaji-l | we spear.barb there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; component remains bare.


ngana kukuni yinyay nyaji-l | we big.spear there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no harpoon-use row.


ngana kulbanmuku yinyay nyaji-l | we axe there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no cutting/tool-use row.


ngana kurajan yinyay nyaji-l | we turtle.spear.point there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no turtle event opened.


ngana kuyan yinyay nyaji-l | we war.spear there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no fighting/throwing row.


ngana mirru yinyay nyaji-l | we club there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; club remains bare.


ngana nala-nala yinyay nyaji-l | we waddy.club there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; lexical reduplication only.


ngana ngurmu yinyay nyaji-l | we woomera.butt there see-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no throwing/defence row.


Dictionary head jangkuy 'sound of chewing'; sound noun only.


Dictionary head ngurma-mulkaynji 'image'; image noun only.


Dictionary head kankar 'sound of a clap'; sound noun only.


Dictionary head nginja 'grunt'; sound noun only.


Dictionary head numburr 'sound of a motor, rattling noise'; selected as rattling sound only.


Dictionary head yanja 'rustling noise'; no wind/tree/grass event row.


Dictionary head kadil 'sharp/crashing sound'; no axe/cutting/tree-fall row.


Dictionary head kuwimbur 'whistle'; selected as sound noun only.


Dictionary head ngangkurr 'bark/sound of dog barking'; no dog/event row.


Dictionary head ngurma 'reflection/shadow/picture'; selected as reflection only.


ngayu jangkuy nyaji-l | I chewing.sound perceive-NONPAST

First-person present perception; nyaji-l covers see/hear/perceive.


ngayu ngurma-mulkaynji nyaji-l | I image perceive-NONPAST

First-person present perception; image sense only.


ngayu kankar nyaji-l | I clap.sound perceive-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no clapping action row.


ngayu nginja nyaji-l | I grunt.sound perceive-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no pig/dog/grunting event row.


ngayu numburr nyaji-l | I rattling.sound perceive-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no motor/machine row.


ngayu yanja nyaji-l | I rustling.noise perceive-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no wind/tree/grass row.


ngayu kadil nyaji-l | I sharp.sound perceive-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no axe/cutting/tree-fall row.


ngayu kuwimbur nyaji-l | I whistle.sound perceive-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no whistling/song/instrument row.


ngayu ngangkurr nyaji-l | I barking.sound perceive-NONPAST

First-person present perception; no dog/event row.


ngayu ngurma nyaji-l | I reflection perceive-NONPAST

First-person present perception; reflection sense only.


yundu jangkuy yinyay nyaji-l | you chewing.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Second-person present perception with yinyay support.


yundu ngurma-mulkaynji yinyay nyaji-l | you image there perceive-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no post-contact object row.


yundu kankar yinyay nyaji-l | you clap.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; sound noun remains bare.


yundu nginja yinyay nyaji-l | you grunt.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no animal/event row.


yundu numburr yinyay nyaji-l | you rattling.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no motor/machine row.


yundu yanja yinyay nyaji-l | you rustling.noise there perceive-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no wind/tree/grass row.


yundu kadil yinyay nyaji-l | you sharp.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no source event row.


yundu kuwimbur yinyay nyaji-l | you whistle.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no whistling event.


yundu ngangkurr yinyay nyaji-l | you barking.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no dog/source row.


yundu ngurma yinyay nyaji-l | you reflection there perceive-NONPAST

Second-person present perception; no picture/statue/movie/card row.


jana jangkuy yinyay nyaji-ny | they chewing.sound there perceive-PAST

Third-person plural past perception with yinyay support.


jana ngurma-mulkaynji yinyay nyaji-ny | they image there perceive-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; image sense only.


jana kankar yinyay nyaji-ny | they clap.sound there perceive-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no clapping event.


jana nginja yinyay nyaji-ny | they grunt.sound there perceive-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no animal/event row.


jana numburr yinyay nyaji-ny | they rattling.sound there perceive-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no motor/machine row.


jana yanja yinyay nyaji-ny | they rustling.noise there perceive-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no wind/tree/grass row.


jana kadil yinyay nyaji-ny | they sharp.sound there perceive-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no axe/cutting/tree-fall row.


jana kuwimbur yinyay nyaji-ny | they whistle.sound there perceive-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no whistling/song row.


jana ngangkurr yinyay nyaji-ny | they barking.sound there perceive-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; no dog/event row.


jana ngurma yinyay nyaji-ny | they reflection there perceive-PAST

Third-person plural past perception; reflection sense only.


ngana jangkuy yaluy nyaji-l | we chewing.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception with yaluy support.


ngana ngurma-mulkaynji yaluy nyaji-l | we image here perceive-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; image sense only.


ngana kankar yaluy nyaji-l | we clap.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; sound noun remains bare.


ngana nginja yaluy nyaji-l | we grunt.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no animal/event row.


ngana numburr yaluy nyaji-l | we rattling.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no motor/machine row.


ngana yanja yaluy nyaji-l | we rustling.noise here perceive-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no wind/tree/grass row.


ngana kadil yaluy nyaji-l | we sharp.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no source event row.


ngana kuwimbur yaluy nyaji-l | we whistle.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no whistling/song row.


ngana ngangkurr yaluy nyaji-l | we barking.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; no dog/source row.


ngana ngurma yaluy nyaji-l | we reflection here perceive-NONPAST

Inclusive present perception; reflection sense only.


Rule 191 source pass: jangkuy 'sound of chewing'; Rule 192 rotates deictic support to yinyay.


Rule 191 source pass: ngurma-mulkaynji 'image'; visual noun only.


Rule 191 source pass: kankar 'sound of a clap'; no clapping action.


Rule 191 source pass: nginja 'grunt'; sound noun only.


Rule 191 source pass: numburr selected as rattling sound only.


Rule 191 source pass: yanja 'rustling noise'; no source-motion row.


Rule 191 source pass: kadil selected as sharp sound only.


Rule 191 source pass: kuwimbur 'whistle'; sound noun only.


Rule 191 source pass: ngangkurr selected as barking sound only.


Rule 191 source pass: ngurma selected as reflection only.


ngayu jangkuy yaluy nyaji-l | I chewing.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Rule 192 consolidates first-person present perception with yaluy support.


ngayu ngurma-mulkaynji yaluy nyaji-l | I image here perceive-NONPAST

Visual target with nyaji-l as see/perceive; image sense only.


ngayu kankar yaluy nyaji-l | I clap.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l as hear/perceive; no clapping event.


ngayu nginja yaluy nyaji-l | I grunt.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no animal/source row.


ngayu numburr yaluy nyaji-l | I rattling.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no motor/machine/vehicle row.


ngayu yanja yaluy nyaji-l | I rustling.noise here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no wind/tree/grass row.


ngayu kadil yaluy nyaji-l | I sharp.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no axe/cutting/tree-fall row.


ngayu kuwimbur yaluy nyaji-l | I whistle.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no whistling/song/instrument row.


ngayu ngangkurr yaluy nyaji-l | I barking.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no dog/source-event row.


ngayu ngurma yaluy nyaji-l | I reflection here perceive-NONPAST

Visual target with nyaji-l as see/perceive; reflection sense only.


yundu jangkuy yaluy nyaji-l | you chewing.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Rule 192 consolidates second-person present perception with yaluy support.


yundu ngurma-mulkaynji yaluy nyaji-l | you image here perceive-NONPAST

Visual target with nyaji-l; image sense only.


yundu kankar yaluy nyaji-l | you clap.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no clapping event.


yundu nginja yaluy nyaji-l | you grunt.sound here perceive-NONPAST


yundu numburr yaluy nyaji-l | you rattling.sound here perceive-NONPAST


yundu yanja yaluy nyaji-l | you rustling.noise here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no source-motion row.


yundu kadil yaluy nyaji-l | you sharp.sound here perceive-NONPAST


yundu kuwimbur yaluy nyaji-l | you whistle.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no whistling event.


yundu ngangkurr yaluy nyaji-l | you barking.sound here perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no dog/source row.


yundu ngurma yaluy nyaji-l | you reflection here perceive-NONPAST

Visual target with nyaji-l; reflection sense only.


jana jangkuy yaluy nyaji-ny | they chewing.sound here perceive-PAST

Rule 192 consolidates third-person plural past perception with yaluy support.


jana ngurma-mulkaynji yaluy nyaji-ny | they image here perceive-PAST

Visual target with nyaji-ny past; image sense only.


jana kankar yaluy nyaji-ny | they clap.sound here perceive-PAST

Auditory target with nyaji-ny past; no clapping event.


jana nginja yaluy nyaji-ny | they grunt.sound here perceive-PAST

Auditory target with nyaji-ny past; no animal/source row.


jana numburr yaluy nyaji-ny | they rattling.sound here perceive-PAST

Auditory target with nyaji-ny past; no motor/machine row.


jana yanja yaluy nyaji-ny | they rustling.noise here perceive-PAST

Auditory target with nyaji-ny past; no source-motion row.


jana kadil yaluy nyaji-ny | they sharp.sound here perceive-PAST

Auditory target with nyaji-ny past; no axe/cutting/tree-fall row.


jana kuwimbur yaluy nyaji-ny | they whistle.sound here perceive-PAST

Auditory target with nyaji-ny past; no whistling/song row.


jana ngangkurr yaluy nyaji-ny | they barking.sound here perceive-PAST

Auditory target with nyaji-ny past; no dog/source row.


jana ngurma yaluy nyaji-ny | they reflection here perceive-PAST

Visual target with nyaji-ny past; reflection sense only.


ngana jangkuy yinyay nyaji-l | we chewing.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Rule 192 consolidates inclusive present perception with yinyay support.


ngana ngurma-mulkaynji yinyay nyaji-l | we image there perceive-NONPAST

Visual target with nyaji-l; image sense only.


ngana kankar yinyay nyaji-l | we clap.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no clapping event.


ngana nginja yinyay nyaji-l | we grunt.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no animal/source row.


ngana numburr yinyay nyaji-l | we rattling.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no motor/machine row.


ngana yanja yinyay nyaji-l | we rustling.noise there perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no source-motion row.


ngana kadil yinyay nyaji-l | we sharp.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no source event row.


ngana kuwimbur yinyay nyaji-l | we whistle.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no whistling/song row.


ngana ngangkurr yinyay nyaji-l | we barking.sound there perceive-NONPAST

Auditory target with nyaji-l; no dog/source row.


ngana ngurma yinyay nyaji-l | we reflection there perceive-NONPAST

Visual target with nyaji-l; reflection sense only.


Dictionary dakwuy 'hungry'; Patz adjective predicate examples include hungry.


Dictionary bambay 'sick'; Patz gives bare sick predicates.


Dictionary dukul-wuri 'really angry'; lexicalized state only.


Dictionary kala-burra 'weak'; state predicate only.


Dictionary warngku-kaday 'sleepy'; lexicalized state only.


Dictionary wawu-mini 'happy'; wawu- emotion adjective only.


Dictionary wawu-buyun 'worried/anxious/yearn'; selected as worried only.


ngayu kari milka-murruji | I NEG ashamed

Dictionary milka-murruji 'ashamed'; Patz supports kari before adjectives; negation avoids an exact duplicate.


Dictionary ngulkurr substantive entry includes 'well, not sick'; selected as bodily well only.


Dictionary juwamalmal 'lethargic, as from sickness'; state predicate only.


Second-person negated state predicate; Patz supports kari before adjectives.


Second-person negated state predicate; sick state only.


yundu kari dukul-wuri | you NEG really.angry

Second-person negated state predicate; no anger event.


Second-person negated state predicate; weak state only.


yundu kari warngku-kaday | you NEG sleepy

Second-person negated state predicate; no sleep event.


Second-person negated state predicate; happy state only.


Second-person negated state predicate; worried state only.


yundu kari milka-murruji | you NEG ashamed

Second-person negated state predicate; no theft/promise/avoidance event.


Second-person negated state predicate; bodily well only.


yundu kari juwamalmal | you NEG lethargic

Second-person negated state predicate; lethargic state only.


Third-person singular negated state predicate.


Third-person singular negated state predicate; no illness-cause row.


nyulu kari dukul-wuri | he NEG really.angry

Third-person singular negated state predicate; no anger event.


Third-person singular negated state predicate; weak state only.


nyulu kari warngku-kaday | he NEG sleepy

Third-person singular negated state predicate; no sleep event.


Third-person singular negated state predicate; happy state only.


Third-person singular negated state predicate; worried state only.


nyulu kari milka-murruji | he NEG ashamed

Third-person singular negated state predicate; no shaming event.


Third-person singular negated state predicate; bodily well only.


nyulu kari juwamalmal | he NEG lethargic

Third-person singular negated state predicate; lethargic state only.


Third-person plural state predicate; hungry state only.


Third-person plural state predicate; no illness-cause row.


Third-person plural state predicate; no anger event.


Third-person plural state predicate; weak state only.


Third-person plural state predicate; no sleep event.


Third-person plural state predicate; happy state only.


Third-person plural state predicate; worried state only.


Third-person plural state predicate; no theft/promise/avoidance row.


Third-person plural state predicate; bodily well only.


Third-person plural state predicate; lethargic state only.


Inclusive negated state predicate; hungry state only.


Inclusive negated state predicate; no illness-cause row.


ngana kari dukul-wuri | we NEG really.angry

Inclusive negated state predicate; no anger event.


Inclusive negated state predicate; weak state only.


ngana kari warngku-kaday | we NEG sleepy

Inclusive negated state predicate; no sleep event.


Inclusive negated state predicate; happy state only.


Inclusive negated state predicate; worried state only.


ngana kari milka-murruji | we NEG ashamed

Inclusive negated state predicate; no shaming event.


Inclusive negated state predicate; bodily well only.


ngana kari juwamalmal | we NEG lethargic

Inclusive negated state predicate; lethargic state only.


Rule 193 retained dictionary head dakwuy 'hungry'; Rule 194 rotates S pronoun.


Rule 193 retained dictionary head bambay 'sick'; state predicate only.


Rule 193 retained dictionary head dukul-wuri 'really angry'; state predicate only.


Rule 193 retained dictionary head kala-burra 'weak'; state predicate only.


Rule 193 retained dictionary head warngku-kaday 'sleepy'; state predicate only.


Rule 193 retained dictionary head wawu-mini 'happy'; state predicate only.


Rule 193 retained dictionary head wawu-buyun 'worried'; state predicate only.


Rule 193 retained dictionary head milka-murruji 'ashamed'; state predicate only.


Rule 193 retained ngulkurr as bodily well only.


Rule 193 retained dictionary head juwamalmal 'lethargic'; state predicate only.


Third-person dual state predicate; hungry state only.


Third-person dual state predicate; sick state only.


Third-person dual state predicate; no anger event.


Third-person dual state predicate; weak state only.


Third-person dual state predicate; no sleep event.


Third-person dual state predicate; happy state only.


Third-person dual state predicate; worried state only.


Third-person dual state predicate; ashamed state only.


Third-person dual state predicate; bodily well only.


Third-person dual state predicate; lethargic state only.


Exclusive first-person plural negated state predicate.


Exclusive first-person plural negated state predicate; sick state only.


nganjin kari dukul-wuri | we.EXC NEG really.angry

Exclusive first-person plural negated state predicate; no anger event.


nganjin kari kala-burra | we.EXC NEG weak

Exclusive first-person plural negated state predicate; weak state only.


nganjin kari warngku-kaday | we.EXC NEG sleepy

Exclusive first-person plural negated state predicate; no sleep event.


nganjin kari wawu-mini | we.EXC NEG happy

Exclusive first-person plural negated state predicate; happy state only.


nganjin kari wawu-buyun | we.EXC NEG worried

Exclusive first-person plural negated state predicate; worried state only.


nganjin kari milka-murruji | we.EXC NEG ashamed

Exclusive first-person plural negated state predicate; ashamed state only.


Exclusive first-person plural negated state predicate; bodily well only.


nganjin kari juwamalmal | we.EXC NEG lethargic

Exclusive first-person plural negated state predicate; lethargic state only.


Third-person plural negated state predicate.


Third-person plural negated state predicate; sick state only.


jana kari dukul-wuri | they NEG really.angry

Third-person plural negated state predicate; no anger event.


Third-person plural negated state predicate; weak state only.


jana kari warngku-kaday | they NEG sleepy

Third-person plural negated state predicate; no sleep event.


Third-person plural negated state predicate; happy state only.


Third-person plural negated state predicate; worried state only.


jana kari milka-murruji | they NEG ashamed

Third-person plural negated state predicate; no shaming event.


Third-person plural negated state predicate; bodily well only.


jana kari juwamalmal | they NEG lethargic

Third-person plural negated state predicate; lethargic state only.


Inclusive first-person plural state predicate; hungry state only.


Inclusive first-person plural state predicate; sick state only.


Inclusive first-person plural state predicate; no anger event.


Inclusive first-person plural state predicate; weak state only.


Inclusive first-person plural state predicate; no sleep event.


Inclusive first-person plural state predicate; happy state only.


Inclusive first-person plural state predicate; worried state only.


Inclusive first-person plural state predicate; ashamed state only.


Inclusive first-person plural state predicate; bodily well only.


Inclusive first-person plural state predicate; lethargic state only.


Dictionary bayan 'house/camp/shelter'; yalbay 'big'; Patz NP+ADJ nominal predicate.


Dictionary karrkay adjective 'small'; selected adjective sense only.


Dictionary baral noun 'road/path'; kalbay 'long'.


Dictionary juku 'tree/wood'; kulka 'short'.


Dictionary kulji 'pebbles/small stones'; kulngkul 'heavy'.


Dictionary bama 'person/people'; wuban 'strong, hard'; selected strong.


Dictionary yayji 'thin, emaciated'; selected thin without diagnosis.


Dictionary kaba 'rain'; kiway-kiway 'cold'.


Dictionary bubu 'ground/earth'; marral 'dry'.


Patz: kari may precede an adjective for negation.


Patz pre-adjective kari negation; karrkay adjective sense only.


Patz pre-adjective kari negation; no pregnant reading.


Patz pre-adjective kari negation; no diagnosis.


Dictionary yinya 'that'; juku selected as tree; yalbay 'big'.


Yinya demonstrative nominal predicate; karrkay adjective sense.


Yinya demonstrative nominal predicate; no pregnant reading.


Yinya demonstrative nominal predicate; no diagnosis.


yinya bana kiway-kiway | that water cold

Yinya demonstrative nominal predicate; water subject avoids duplicate bare row.


yinya bayan kari yalbay | that house NEG big

Yinya demonstrative plus pre-adjective kari negation.


yinya bayan kari karrkay | that house NEG small


yinya baral kari kalbay | that road NEG long


yinya juku kari kulka | that wood NEG short


yinya kulji kari kulngkul | that stone NEG heavy

Yinya demonstrative plus pre-adjective kari negation; no pregnant reading.


yinya bama kari wuban | that person NEG strong


yinya bama kari yayji | that person NEG thin

Yinya demonstrative plus pre-adjective kari negation; no diagnosis.


yinya wungar kari wumbul | that sun NEG hot


yinya kaba kari kiway-kiway | that rain NEG cold


yinya bubu kari marral | that ground NEG dry


Patz: kari may follow an adjective as privative-like negative predicate.


Patz post-adjective kari negative predicate; karrkay adjective sense only.


Patz post-adjective kari negative predicate.


Patz post-adjective kari negative predicate; no pregnant reading.


Patz post-adjective kari negative predicate; no diagnosis.


Rule 195 yalbay retained; local demonstrative yaluy 'here'.


Rule 195 karrkay adjective retained; no child-noun reading.


Rule 195 kalbay retained; no travel event.


Rule 195 kulka retained; no cutting/material-use claim.


Rule 195 kulngkul retained as heavy only.


Rule 195 yayji retained as thin only; no diagnosis.


Rule 195 kiway-kiway retained as cold only.


Duplicate-avoidance replacement for earlier big-house there row.


bayan karrkay yinyay | house small there


Rule 195 kulka retained; no material-use claim.


kulji kulngkul yinyay | stone heavy there


kaba kiway-kiway yinyay | rain cold there


Dictionary yala demonstrative 'here, this'.


Yala demonstrative plus NP+ADJ predicate.


Yala demonstrative plus NP+ADJ predicate; no diagnosis.


yala bayan yalbay yaluy | this house big here


yala bayan karrkay yaluy | this house small here


yala baral kalbay yaluy | this road long here


yala juku kulka yaluy | this wood short here


yala kulji kulngkul yaluy | this stone heavy here


yala bama wuban yaluy | this person strong here


yala bama yayji yaluy | this person thin here


yala wungar wumbul yaluy | this sun hot here


yala kaba kiway-kiway yaluy | this rain cold here


yala bubu marral yaluy | this ground dry here


yinya bayan yalbay yinyay | that house big there

Yinya demonstrative plus local demonstrative yinyay.


yinya bayan karrkay yinyay | that house small there


yinya baral kalbay yinyay | that road long there


yinya juku kulka yinyay | that wood short there


yinya kulji kulngkul yinyay | that stone heavy there


yinya bama wuban yinyay | that person strong there


yinya bama yayji yinyay | that person thin there


yinya wungar wumbul yinyay | that sun hot there


yinya kaba kiway-kiway yinyay | that rain cold there


yinya bubu marral yinyay | that ground dry there


Dictionary juku tree/wood; colour adjective ngumbu.


Dictionary ngurrban cloud; no weather-event predicate.


yala mungka bingaji | this hair light-coloured


yala kambi bingaji | this clothing light-coloured

Dictionary kambi clothing sense; no flying-fox reading.


yala nganka ngala-ngala | this flower red

Rule 103 colour table: Nganka ngala-ngala.


yala karrambil ngala-ngala | this king parrot red

Dictionary karrambil king parrot; no bird-event semantics.


Dictionary bubu ground/earth; country readings closed.


Rule 112/154 house-clean frames retained without causative.


mungka bingaji yaluy | hair light-coloured here


kambi bingaji yaluy | clothing light-coloured here


nganka ngala-ngala yaluy | flower red here


karrambil ngala-ngala yaluy | king parrot red here


yinya kulji ngumbu yinyay | that stone black there


yinya juku ngumbu yinyay | that tree black there


yinya ngurrban ngumbu yinyay | that cloud dark there


yinya mungka bingaji yinyay | that hair light-coloured there


yinya kambi bingaji yinyay | that clothing light-coloured there


yinya nganka ngala-ngala yinyay | that flower red there


yinya karrambil ngala-ngala yinyay | that king parrot red there


yinya bana dayirr yinyay | that water clear there


yinya bubu dayirr yinyay | that ground clean there


yinya bayan dayirr yinyay | that house clean there


ngurrban ngumbu yinyay | cloud dark there


mungka bingaji yinyay | hair light-coloured there


kambi bingaji yinyay | clothing light-coloured there


nganka ngala-ngala yinyay | flower red there


karrambil ngala-ngala yinyay | king parrot red there


yala kulji ngumbu yaluy | this stone black here


yala juku ngumbu yaluy | this tree black here


yala ngurrban ngumbu yaluy | this cloud dark here


yala mungka bingaji yaluy | this hair light-coloured here


yala kambi bingaji yaluy | this clothing light-coloured here


yala nganka ngala-ngala yaluy | this flower red here


yala karrambil ngala-ngala yaluy | this king parrot red here


yala bana dayirr yaluy | this water clear here


yala bubu dayirr yaluy | this ground clean here


yala bayan dayirr yaluy | this house clean here


ngayu kulji ngumbu nyaji-l | I stone black see-NONPAST

Rule 103 colour table: Kulji ngumbu; object NP support from Ngayu bayan yalbay nyajin.


ngayu juku ngumbu nyaji-l | I tree black see-NONPAST

Dictionary juku tree/wood; colour adjective ngumbu; object NP in perception frame.


ngayu ngurrban ngumbu nyaji-l | I cloud dark see-NONPAST

Dictionary ngurrban cloud; ngumbu dark/black; no weather-event predicate.


ngayu mungka bingaji nyaji-l | I hair light-coloured see-NONPAST

Rule 103 colour table: Mungka bingaji; adjective sense only.


ngayu kambi bingaji nyaji-l | I clothing light-coloured see-NONPAST

Dictionary kambi clothing sense; bingaji adjective only; flying-fox homograph closed.


ngayu nganka ngala-ngala nyaji-l | I flower red see-NONPAST

Rule 103 colour table: Nganka ngala-ngala; dictionary nganka flower.


ngayu karrambil ngala-ngala nyaji-l | I king.parrot red see-NONPAST

Dictionary karrambil king parrot; ngala-ngala red; no bird-event semantics.


ngayu bana dayirr nyaji-l | I water clear see-NONPAST

Rule 103 property table: Bana dayirr; dayirr clear/clean only.


ngayu bubu dayirr nyaji-l | I ground clean see-NONPAST

Dictionary bubu ground/earth; dayirr clean/clear; country readings closed.


ngayu bayan dayirr nyaji-l | I house clean see-NONPAST

Rule 112/154 house-clean frames; object NP order supported by perception examples.


yundu kulji ngumbu nyaji-l | you stone black see-NONPAST


yundu juku ngumbu nyaji-l | you tree black see-NONPAST


yundu ngurrban ngumbu nyaji-l | you cloud dark see-NONPAST


yundu mungka bingaji nyaji-l | you hair light-coloured see-NONPAST


yundu kambi bingaji nyaji-l | you clothing light-coloured see-NONPAST


yundu nganka ngala-ngala nyaji-l | you flower red see-NONPAST


yundu karrambil ngala-ngala nyaji-l | you king.parrot red see-NONPAST


yundu bana dayirr nyaji-l | you water clear see-NONPAST


yundu bubu dayirr nyaji-l | you ground clean see-NONPAST


yundu bayan dayirr nyaji-l | you house clean see-NONPAST


jana kulji ngumbu nyaji-ny | they stone black see-PAST


jana juku ngumbu nyaji-ny | they tree black see-PAST


jana ngurrban ngumbu nyaji-ny | they cloud dark see-PAST


jana mungka bingaji nyaji-ny | they hair light-coloured see-PAST


jana kambi bingaji nyaji-ny | they clothing light-coloured see-PAST


jana nganka ngala-ngala nyaji-ny | they flower red see-PAST


jana karrambil ngala-ngala nyaji-ny | they king.parrot red see-PAST


jana bana dayirr nyaji-ny | they water clear see-PAST


jana bubu dayirr nyaji-ny | they ground clean see-PAST


jana bayan dayirr nyaji-ny | they house clean see-PAST


ngana kulji ngumbu yaluy nyaji-l | we stone black here see-NONPAST


ngana juku ngumbu yaluy nyaji-l | we tree black here see-NONPAST


ngana ngurrban ngumbu yaluy nyaji-l | we cloud dark here see-NONPAST


ngana mungka bingaji yaluy nyaji-l | we hair light-coloured here see-NONPAST


We see the light-coloured clothing here.

ngana kambi bingaji yaluy nyaji-l | we clothing light-coloured here see-NONPAST


ngana nganka ngala-ngala yaluy nyaji-l | we flower red here see-NONPAST


Ngana karrambil ngala-ngala yaluy nyajil.

ngana karrambil ngala-ngala yaluy nyaji-l | we king.parrot red here see-NONPAST


ngana bana dayirr yaluy nyaji-l | we water clear here see-NONPAST


ngana bubu dayirr yaluy nyaji-l | we ground clean here see-NONPAST


ngana bayan dayirr yaluy nyaji-l | we house clean here see-NONPAST


yundu kulji ngumbu yinyay nyaji-l | you stone black there see-NONPAST


yundu juku ngumbu yinyay nyaji-l | you tree black there see-NONPAST


yundu ngurrban ngumbu yinyay nyaji-l | you cloud dark there see-NONPAST


yundu mungka bingaji yinyay nyaji-l | you hair light-coloured there see-NONPAST


You see the light-coloured clothing there.

yundu kambi bingaji yinyay nyaji-l | you clothing light-coloured there see-NONPAST


yundu nganka ngala-ngala yinyay nyaji-l | you flower red there see-NONPAST


Yundu karrambil ngala-ngala yinyay nyajil.

yundu karrambil ngala-ngala yinyay nyaji-l | you king.parrot red there see-NONPAST


yundu bana dayirr yinyay nyaji-l | you water clear there see-NONPAST


yundu bubu dayirr yinyay nyaji-l | you ground clean there see-NONPAST


yundu bayan dayirr yinyay nyaji-l | you house clean there see-NONPAST


Dictionary: jinjajalka, noun, species of tree; no use prose.


Dictionary: kurunkal, noun, species of mangrove; seed prose closed.


Dictionary: marngkil, noun, species of ti tree.


Dictionary: marrabal, noun, species of ti tree.


Dictionary: milbarakal, noun, species of tree.


Dictionary: mungari, noun, kaori/kauri pine tree.


wurmbariji yaluy | wurmbariji.scrub.tree here

Dictionary: wurmbariji, noun, species of tree found in scrub.


wuymbariji yaluy | wuymbariji.scrub.tree here

Dictionary: wuymbariji, noun, scrub tree.


Dictionary: kurrun, noun, tree species with English name unknown.


ngayu jinjajalka nyaji-l | I jinjajalka.tree see-NONPAST


ngayu kurunkal nyaji-l | I kurunkal.mangrove see-NONPAST


ngayu madu nyaji-l | I madu.sea.pine see-NONPAST


ngayu marngkil nyaji-l | I marngkil.ti.tree see-NONPAST


ngayu marrabal nyaji-l | I marrabal.ti.tree see-NONPAST


ngayu milbarakal nyaji-l | I milbarakal.tree see-NONPAST


ngayu mungari nyaji-l | I mungari.kaori.pine see-NONPAST


ngayu wurmbariji nyaji-l | I wurmbariji.scrub.tree see-NONPAST


ngayu wuymbariji nyaji-l | I wuymbariji.scrub.tree see-NONPAST


ngayu kurrun nyaji-l | I kurrun.tree see-NONPAST


yundu jinjajalka yinyay nyaji-l | you jinjajalka.tree there see-NONPAST


yundu kurunkal yinyay nyaji-l | you kurunkal.mangrove there see-NONPAST


yundu madu yinyay nyaji-l | you madu.sea.pine there see-NONPAST


yundu marngkil yinyay nyaji-l | you marngkil.ti.tree there see-NONPAST


yundu marrabal yinyay nyaji-l | you marrabal.ti.tree there see-NONPAST


yundu milbarakal yinyay nyaji-l | you milbarakal.tree there see-NONPAST


yundu mungari yinyay nyaji-l | you mungari.kaori.pine there see-NONPAST


You see the wurmbariji scrub tree there.

yundu wurmbariji yinyay nyaji-l | you wurmbariji.scrub.tree there see-NONPAST


You see the wuymbariji scrub tree there.

yundu wuymbariji yinyay nyaji-l | you wuymbariji.scrub.tree there see-NONPAST


yundu kurrun yinyay nyaji-l | you kurrun.tree there see-NONPAST


jana jinjajalka yinyay nyaji-ny | they jinjajalka.tree there see-PAST


jana kurunkal yinyay nyaji-ny | they kurunkal.mangrove there see-PAST


jana madu yinyay nyaji-ny | they madu.sea.pine there see-PAST


jana marngkil yinyay nyaji-ny | they marngkil.ti.tree there see-PAST


jana marrabal yinyay nyaji-ny | they marrabal.ti.tree there see-PAST


jana milbarakal yinyay nyaji-ny | they milbarakal.tree there see-PAST


jana mungari yinyay nyaji-ny | they mungari.kaori.pine there see-PAST


They saw the wurmbariji scrub tree there.

jana wurmbariji yinyay nyaji-ny | they wurmbariji.scrub.tree there see-PAST


They saw the wuymbariji scrub tree there.

jana wuymbariji yinyay nyaji-ny | they wuymbariji.scrub.tree there see-PAST


jana kurrun yinyay nyaji-ny | they kurrun.tree there see-PAST


ngana jinjajalka yaluy nyaji-l | we jinjajalka.tree here see-NONPAST


ngana kurunkal yaluy nyaji-l | we kurunkal.mangrove here see-NONPAST


ngana madu yaluy nyaji-l | we madu.sea.pine here see-NONPAST


ngana marngkil yaluy nyaji-l | we marngkil.ti.tree here see-NONPAST


ngana marrabal yaluy nyaji-l | we marrabal.ti.tree here see-NONPAST


ngana milbarakal yaluy nyaji-l | we milbarakal.tree here see-NONPAST


ngana mungari yaluy nyaji-l | we mungari.kaori.pine here see-NONPAST


ngana wurmbariji yaluy nyaji-l | we wurmbariji.scrub.tree here see-NONPAST


ngana wuymbariji yaluy nyaji-l | we wuymbariji.scrub.tree here see-NONPAST


ngana kurrun yaluy nyaji-l | we kurrun.tree here see-NONPAST


yinya jinjajalka yinyay | that jinjajalka.tree there

Patz NP order yinya + noun; dictionary jinjajalka tree only.


yinya kurunkal yinyay | that kurunkal.mangrove there

Patz NP order yinya + noun; dictionary kurunkal mangrove only; seed/habitat prose closed.


yinya madu yinyay | that madu.sea.pine there

Patz NP order yinya + noun; dictionary madu sea pine only.


yinya marngkil yinyay | that marngkil.ti.tree there

Patz NP order yinya + noun; dictionary marngkil ti tree only; zemia/wing drift closed.


yinya marrabal yinyay | that marrabal.ti.tree there

Patz NP order yinya + noun; dictionary marrabal ti tree only; shell/button drift closed.


yinya milbarakal yinyay | that milbarakal.tree there

Patz NP order yinya + noun; dictionary milbarakal tree only.


yinya mungari yinyay | that mungari.kaori.pine there

Patz NP order yinya + noun; dictionary mungari kaori/kauri pine only.


yinya wurmbariji yinyay | that wurmbariji.scrub.tree there

Patz NP order yinya + noun; dictionary wurmbariji scrub tree only; jellyfish drift closed.


yinya wuymbariji yinyay | that wuymbariji.scrub.tree there

Patz NP order yinya + noun; dictionary wuymbariji scrub tree only.


yinya kurrun yinyay | that kurrun.tree there

Patz NP order yinya + noun; dictionary kurrun tree only; bird homograph closed.


jinjajalka yinya yinyay | jinjajalka.tree that there

Patz NP order noun + yinya; dictionary jinjajalka tree only.


kurunkal yinya yinyay | kurunkal.mangrove that there

Patz NP order noun + yinya; dictionary kurunkal mangrove only; seed/habitat prose closed.


madu yinya yinyay | madu.sea.pine that there

Patz NP order noun + yinya; dictionary madu sea pine only.


marngkil yinya yinyay | marngkil.ti.tree that there

Patz NP order noun + yinya; dictionary marngkil ti tree only; zemia/wing drift closed.


marrabal yinya yinyay | marrabal.ti.tree that there

Patz NP order noun + yinya; dictionary marrabal ti tree only; shell/button drift closed.


milbarakal yinya yinyay | milbarakal.tree that there

Patz NP order noun + yinya; dictionary milbarakal tree only.


mungari yinya yinyay | mungari.kaori.pine that there

Patz NP order noun + yinya; dictionary mungari kaori/kauri pine only.


wurmbariji yinya yinyay | wurmbariji.scrub.tree that there

Patz NP order noun + yinya; dictionary wurmbariji scrub tree only; jellyfish drift closed.


wuymbariji yinya yinyay | wuymbariji.scrub.tree that there

Patz NP order noun + yinya; dictionary wuymbariji scrub tree only.


kurrun yinya yinyay | kurrun.tree that there

Patz NP order noun + yinya; dictionary kurrun tree only; bird homograph closed.


ngayu yinya jinjajalka nyaji-l | I that jinjajalka.tree see-NONPAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; nyaji-l visual reading only.


ngayu yinya kurunkal nyaji-l | I that kurunkal.mangrove see-NONPAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; kurunkal seed/habitat prose closed.


ngayu yinya madu nyaji-l | I that madu.sea.pine see-NONPAST


ngayu yinya marngkil nyaji-l | I that marngkil.ti.tree see-NONPAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; marngkil zemia/wing drift closed.


ngayu yinya marrabal nyaji-l | I that marrabal.ti.tree see-NONPAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; marrabal shell/button drift closed.


ngayu yinya milbarakal nyaji-l | I that milbarakal.tree see-NONPAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; milbarakal tree only.


ngayu yinya mungari nyaji-l | I that mungari.kaori.pine see-NONPAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; mungari kaori/kauri pine only.


ngayu yinya wurmbariji nyaji-l | I that wurmbariji.scrub.tree see-NONPAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; wurmbariji jellyfish drift closed.


ngayu yinya wuymbariji nyaji-l | I that wuymbariji.scrub.tree see-NONPAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; wuymbariji tree only.


ngayu yinya kurrun nyaji-l | I that kurrun.tree see-NONPAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; kurrun bird homograph closed.


yundu jinjajalka yinya nyaji-l | you jinjajalka.tree that see-NONPAST

Patz noun + yinya object NP; pronoun A bare.


yundu kurunkal yinya nyaji-l | you kurunkal.mangrove that see-NONPAST

Patz noun + yinya object NP; kurunkal seed/habitat prose closed.


yundu madu yinya nyaji-l | you madu.sea.pine that see-NONPAST


yundu marngkil yinya nyaji-l | you marngkil.ti.tree that see-NONPAST

Patz noun + yinya object NP; marngkil zemia/wing drift closed.


yundu marrabal yinya nyaji-l | you marrabal.ti.tree that see-NONPAST

Patz noun + yinya object NP; marrabal shell/button drift closed.


yundu milbarakal yinya nyaji-l | you milbarakal.tree that see-NONPAST

Patz noun + yinya object NP; milbarakal tree only.


yundu mungari yinya nyaji-l | you mungari.kaori.pine that see-NONPAST

Patz noun + yinya object NP; mungari kaori/kauri pine only.


yundu wurmbariji yinya nyaji-l | you wurmbariji.scrub.tree that see-NONPAST

Patz noun + yinya object NP; wurmbariji jellyfish drift closed.


yundu wuymbariji yinya nyaji-l | you wuymbariji.scrub.tree that see-NONPAST

Patz noun + yinya object NP; wuymbariji tree only.


yundu kurrun yinya nyaji-l | you kurrun.tree that see-NONPAST

Patz noun + yinya object NP; kurrun bird homograph closed.


jana yinya jinjajalka nyaji-ny | they that jinjajalka.tree see-PAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; past nyajin surface.


jana yinya kurunkal nyaji-ny | they that kurunkal.mangrove see-PAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; kurunkal seed/habitat prose closed.


jana yinya madu nyaji-ny | they that madu.sea.pine see-PAST


jana yinya marngkil nyaji-ny | they that marngkil.ti.tree see-PAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; marngkil zemia/wing drift closed.


jana yinya marrabal nyaji-ny | they that marrabal.ti.tree see-PAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; marrabal shell/button drift closed.


jana yinya milbarakal nyaji-ny | they that milbarakal.tree see-PAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; milbarakal tree only.


jana yinya mungari nyaji-ny | they that mungari.kaori.pine see-PAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; mungari kaori/kauri pine only.


jana yinya wurmbariji nyaji-ny | they that wurmbariji.scrub.tree see-PAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; wurmbariji jellyfish drift closed.


jana yinya wuymbariji nyaji-ny | they that wuymbariji.scrub.tree see-PAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; wuymbariji tree only.


jana yinya kurrun nyaji-ny | they that kurrun.tree see-PAST

Patz demonstrative object NP with yinya; kurrun bird homograph closed.


ngayu kawal nyaji-l | I cooee hear-NONPAST

Dictionary kawal 'cooee'; Patz nyaji-l hearing object.


ngayu ngawungkal nyaji-l | I halloo hear-NONPAST

Dictionary ngawungkal 'halloo'; no source-person event.


ngayu ngulnkul nyaji-l | I hum hear-NONPAST

Dictionary ngulnkul 'hum'; no tune-making row.


ngayu nyinja nyaji-l | I grunt hear-NONPAST

Dictionary nyinja 'grunt'; pig/source-animal closed.


ngayu wungka nyaji-l | I wail hear-NONPAST

Dictionary wungka 'wail'; distress narrative closed.


ngayu kandarr nyaji-l | I belch hear-NONPAST

Dictionary kandarr 'belch/burp'; body-state source closed.


ngayu ngangkun nyaji-l | I hiccups hear-NONPAST

Dictionary ngangkun 'hiccups/hiccoughs'; illness reading closed.


ngayu wankun nyaji-l | I hiccoughs hear-NONPAST

Dictionary wankun 'hiccoughs'; illness reading closed.


ngayu warimaji nyaji-l | I yawn hear-NONPAST

Dictionary warimaji 'yawn'; source-person event closed.


ngayu kunji nyaji-l | I sneeze hear-NONPAST

Dictionary kunji 'sneeze'; sickness reading closed.


yundu kawal yinyay nyaji-l | you cooee there hear-NONPAST

Bare sound noun plus yinyay support; no source event.


yundu ngawungkal yinyay nyaji-l | you halloo there hear-NONPAST

Bare sound noun plus yinyay support; far-away prose not expanded.


yundu ngulnkul yinyay nyaji-l | you hum there hear-NONPAST

Bare sound noun plus yinyay support; no tune-making row.


yundu nyinja yinyay nyaji-l | you grunt there hear-NONPAST

Bare sound noun plus yinyay support; animal source closed.


yundu wungka yinyay nyaji-l | you wail there hear-NONPAST

Bare sound noun plus yinyay support; distress narrative closed.


yundu kandarr yinyay nyaji-l | you belch there hear-NONPAST

Bare sound noun plus yinyay support; body-state source closed.


yundu ngangkun yinyay nyaji-l | you hiccups there hear-NONPAST

Bare sound noun plus yinyay support; illness reading closed.


yundu wankun yinyay nyaji-l | you hiccoughs there hear-NONPAST


yundu warimaji yinyay nyaji-l | you yawn there hear-NONPAST

Bare sound noun plus yinyay support; source-person event closed.


yundu kunji yinyay nyaji-l | you sneeze there hear-NONPAST

Bare sound noun plus yinyay support; sickness reading closed.


jana kawal yinyay nyaji-ny | they cooee there hear-PAST

Past hearing frame; target remains bare.


jana ngawungkal yinyay nyaji-ny | they halloo there hear-PAST

Past hearing frame; no source-person expansion.


jana ngulnkul yinyay nyaji-ny | they hum there hear-PAST


jana nyinja yinyay nyaji-ny | they grunt there hear-PAST

Past hearing frame; animal source closed.


jana wungka yinyay nyaji-ny | they wail there hear-PAST

Past hearing frame; distress narrative closed.


jana kandarr yinyay nyaji-ny | they belch there hear-PAST

Past hearing frame; body-state source closed.


jana ngangkun yinyay nyaji-ny | they hiccups there hear-PAST

Past hearing frame; illness reading closed.


jana wankun yinyay nyaji-ny | they hiccoughs there hear-PAST


jana warimaji yinyay nyaji-ny | they yawn there hear-PAST

Past hearing frame; source-person event closed.


jana kunji yinyay nyaji-ny | they sneeze there hear-PAST

Past hearing frame; sickness reading closed.


ngana kawal yaluy nyaji-l | we cooee here hear-NONPAST

Inclusive pronoun A bare; target remains bare.


ngana ngawungkal yaluy nyaji-l | we halloo here hear-NONPAST

Inclusive pronoun A bare; no source-person expansion.


ngana ngulnkul yaluy nyaji-l | we hum here hear-NONPAST

Inclusive pronoun A bare; no tune-making row.


ngana nyinja yaluy nyaji-l | we grunt here hear-NONPAST

Inclusive pronoun A bare; animal source closed.


ngana wungka yaluy nyaji-l | we wail here hear-NONPAST

Inclusive pronoun A bare; distress narrative closed.


ngana kandarr yaluy nyaji-l | we belch here hear-NONPAST

Inclusive pronoun A bare; body-state source closed.


ngana ngangkun yaluy nyaji-l | we hiccups here hear-NONPAST

Inclusive pronoun A bare; illness reading closed.


ngana wankun yaluy nyaji-l | we hiccoughs here hear-NONPAST


ngana warimaji yaluy nyaji-l | we yawn here hear-NONPAST

Inclusive pronoun A bare; source-person event closed.


ngana kunji yaluy nyaji-l | we sneeze here hear-NONPAST

Inclusive pronoun A bare; sickness reading closed.


ngayu yinya kawal nyaji-l | I that cooee hear-NONPAST

Rule 200 yinya support with a sound noun object.


ngayu yinya ngawungkal nyaji-l | I that halloo hear-NONPAST

Rule 200 yinya support; no source-person expansion.


ngayu yinya ngulnkul nyaji-l | I that hum hear-NONPAST

Rule 200 yinya support; no tune-making row.


ngayu yinya nyinja nyaji-l | I that grunt hear-NONPAST

Rule 200 yinya support; animal source closed.


ngayu yinya wungka nyaji-l | I that wail hear-NONPAST

Rule 200 yinya support; distress narrative closed.


ngayu yinya kandarr nyaji-l | I that belch hear-NONPAST

Rule 200 yinya support; body-state source closed.


ngayu yinya ngangkun nyaji-l | I that hiccups hear-NONPAST

Rule 200 yinya support; illness reading closed.


ngayu yinya wankun nyaji-l | I that hiccoughs hear-NONPAST


ngayu yinya warimaji nyaji-l | I that yawn hear-NONPAST

Rule 200 yinya support; source-person event closed.


ngayu yinya kunji nyaji-l | I that sneeze hear-NONPAST

Rule 200 yinya support; sickness reading closed.


Dictionary kawal 'cooee'; Patz 3.7 yaluy 'here'.


Dictionary ngawungkal 'halloo'; local demonstrative support only.


Dictionary ngulnkul 'hum'; no sound-making event.


Dictionary nyinja 'grunt'; no source-animal row.


Dictionary wungka 'wail'; no distress narrative.


Dictionary kandarr 'belch/burp'; no source body-state row.


Dictionary ngangkun 'hiccups/hiccoughs'; no illness row.


Dictionary wankun 'hiccoughs'; no illness row.


Dictionary warimaji 'yawn'; no source-person event.


Dictionary kunji 'sneeze'; no sickness row.


Dictionary kawal 'cooee'; Patz 3.7 yinyay 'there'.


Dictionary ngawungkal 'halloo'; no far-away source-person event.


Dictionary ngulnkul 'hum'; no tune-making row.


Dictionary nyinja 'grunt'; no animal source.


Dictionary wungka 'wail'; distress narrative closed.


Dictionary kandarr 'belch/burp'; body-state source closed.


Dictionary ngangkun 'hiccups/hiccoughs'; illness reading closed.


Dictionary wankun 'hiccoughs'; illness reading closed.


Dictionary kunji 'sneeze'; sickness reading closed.