aybi

Ivy; an English personal name adapted to Kuku Yalanji phonology

Attested in Patz §2.3 (i) as a phonologically adapted English loan name; not in the source dictionary.

Shows loan adaptation where /b/ corresponds to English /v/ (Ivy -> aybi).

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


ba

come. Baby talk, usually used with very small children only. Used only as a command.

Baby talk register: per the definition, used only with very small children and only as a command.


babajaka

blood wood tree
bloodwood tree
bloodwood


babaji

reflexive / general intransitive (§3.8.5.4)


babal

ngayu baduriji dungaka, yinya bubu babanka

I want to go fishing to try the place out

ngayu mayi wayjul-wayjul, babal saltmunku

While I'm cooking the food I'll taste it for salt


babarr

The younger brothers went to their older sister for food


babarr

Note 'babarr' also denotes 'older sister' (kinship) as used in the example at index 571; this entry is the homophonous 'young cassowary'.


babi

grandmother, father's mother
grandfather, mother's father

Grand mother is looking after her grandchild

Polysemous kin term: father's mother (grandmother) and mother's father (grandfather).


Babu walu-yindu wawubjaburr Bloomfieldmundurr jalunmun wangkar Binda-babaranga

This is a full example sentence, not a lexical headword. It contains the place names Bloomfield (with -mundurr) and Binda-babara (locative Binda-babaranga), and verbal material (wangka- 'speak/talk', wawu- 'want/desire').


badi

They are wailing because their older brother died

The birds were singing early in the morning

the dogs were howling because their master left them

Semantic range spans crying, wailing/mourning, singing, and howling.


badibu

Spotted eagle ray; rays are grouped with fish in the source.


badur

I'm fishing (sitting with hook and line)

Definition specifies hook and line, i.e. fishing tackle.


baja

jana kuljubu jarba kunin baja, kunin baja

They hit the snake again and again with stones


bajabaja

place name. spring above middle camp, story site

Also recorded as a place name: spring above middle camp, a story site.


baja-baja

Place-name for a spring at Middle Camp. Reduplicated form.


baja-baja

Reduplicated form (base 'baja'); no definition supplied. Occurs within a sequence of place names, so most plausibly a reduplicated place name (a noun).


bajaku

Intensifier marking degree/certainty per the definition (very, definitely, shows intensity).


bajalji

species of rock python. Not many at Bloomfield, but many at Helenvale, Rossville and Shiptons Flats. They have a white head and will chase bald-headed people not wearing a hat beecause they think they are being copied

Distribution noted in prose: few at Bloomfield, many at Helenvale, Rossville and Shiptons Flats.

Associated lore: white-headed python said to chase bald-headed people not wearing a hat.


bajalji

poisonous snake (found in the Rossville-Shipton's Fault area)

Poisonous snake associated with the Rossville-Shipton's Fault area.


bajar

Definition specifies Moreton Bay ash (a tree), not residue ash.


bajar

Definition specifies Moreton Bay ash (a tree); duplicate of index 20.


bajarr

loya vine fern leaves, used in making mia-mia

Loya vine fern leaves, used in making mia-mia (shelter) per the prose.


bajarr

Loya vine fern leaves, used in making mia-mia; duplicate of index 22.


bajurr-bangkan

Ngayu kangkal bajurr-bangkan, nyulu cassette dumbarrinya

I scolded my child because he broke the cassette

Compound with 'bajurr' (nuisance); 'to scold'.


bakal

Sister gave me a shot (pricked with a needle)


bakarr

Ridge pole, a structural element of a dwelling.


bakarrmuku

Wakooka Station, a place on Princess Charlotte Bay (north of Kuku Yalanji country)

Attested in Patz Text 51 lines 2-3 and ex.(651) (Bakarrmuku-muny 'from Wakooka Station'); not in the source dictionary.

Place name; appears with ablative -muny in the texts.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


baki

toys with wheels. English loan word from buggy.

Definition states this is an English loan from 'buggy'.


Bakikiri

place name, the river and ground at Butcher's Hill

Place name: the river and ground at Butcher's Hill.


bakul

tobacco. This is no longer in use for tobacco.

Poison plant found at Rossville; formerly used as tobacco, now obsolete in that sense per the prose.


bala

skinny, weak from sickness or not enough to eat

You became skinny from not having enough food

Skinny/weak from sickness or undernourishment per the definition.


Balabay

place name. Plantation Creek and the ground around its mouth

Place name: Plantation Creek and the ground around its mouth.


balabay

Place-name for the Plantation Creek area.


balanbalan

Yundu balnhi wunay, bayan ngara bubunga balanbalanba

When you camp out, you should build your shelter on flat ground


balar

high tide
place name - Okay Creek ground

Also recorded as a place name: Okay Creek ground.


balibali

The house is leaky, the water is coming in


baliji

Denotes a group of people associated with open country.


balja

A kind of food. It is coked in the fire, groud up and eaten.


balji

ladie's dilly bag, made from grass or black palm

Definition specifies a woman's dilly bag made from grass or black palm.


balkabalka

place name, mouth of Bloomfield River, south side

Definition also records a homophonous place name: mouth of the Bloomfield River, south side.


balkaji

Definition prose also lists a homophonous place name (mouth of the Bloomfield River, south side).


balkalaway

Glossed 'discuss, talk together'; appears related to balkal 'tell'.


balmbalka

Species of tree; definition notes the English name is unknown.


balngku

not quite fully grown
boy's age before he becomes a warru

Definition: boy's age stage before he becomes a warru (initiated man/warrior).


balnji

properly with a fire as in cooking or hardening spears over a fire


balu

Glossed as negative volition 'not want / don't want'; the source type label 'associative' is anomalous for this sense.


balu

contrary to fact thought
almost, just about
allow, let

Glossed as a modal/counterfactual particle: 'almost, just about', 'allow, let', contrary-to-fact thought.


balur

A separate dictionary entry for the identical headword balur is glossed 'spear thrower' (woomera); this empty batch entry appears to be a duplicate of that noun.


bama

people, mankind
mankind
aborigine, not a white person

Definition contrasts bama 'Aboriginal person / mankind' with a white person; the central self-referential term for people in Kuku Yalanji.


bama-ngaykunku

Compound: bama 'person/people' + ngayku- '(my)'; an emphatic interjection 'my word'.


bambal

call by kinship term
choose in the sense of claim

To address/claim someone by a kinship term.


bamban

me first
first in line
first to get something

Expresses precedence: 'me first, first in line'.


bambay-baka

Compound based on bambay 'sick' (index 71): a sickly person.


banabila

place name - the ground at the mouth of the Bloomfield River on the south side through where Mr. Biddle's mission used to be

Place name: ground at the mouth of the Bloomfield River, south side, near the former Biddle mission.


banabila-warra

the people that belong to the mouth of the river and along the beach

Derived from place name Banabila + -warra (group/inhabitant suffix): people belonging to Banabila and the beach.


banabul

Already flagged loanword_attested=true (from English 'pineapple').


banaji

Term for a 'doctor man' (traditional healer / clever man), not a European medical doctor.


banday

also the fruit of the tree which is like a small cherry, ripe in December

A tree species; its cherry-like fruit ripens in December.


banday

species of tree with edible cherry-like fruit

Tree species with edible cherry-like fruit.


bandin

waist on the side above the hips
love handles


bangka-bangkangal

to sing, shout, cry loudly
sing
shout
wail
cry loudly

Reduplicated form (bangka-bangkangal): to sing, shout, wail or cry loudly.


bangkal

ngayu Brisbane dungan, toy, kambi bangkal-bangkan yabaju-karragna

When I went to Brisbane, I got (gathered) toys and clothing for my younger brothers


bangkal

tongs made from voya vine, used in cooking in a kurrma - an earth oven

Cooking tongs made from voya vine, used with a kurrma (earth oven).

Homophonous with bangkal 'gather' (index 85).


Bangkal-ngaran

place name of ground where Grass tree and Bijan creeks meet.

Place name: ground where Grass Tree and Bijan creeks meet.


bangkal-ngaren

Shipton's Flat area, a junction of Grasstree and Bijan creeks

Place-name for the Shipton's Flat area, at the junction of Grasstree and Bijan creeks.


bangkan

a kind of root, a medecine for sores. Boil the roots and wash the sores with the water.

A medicinal root; roots boiled and the water used to wash sores.


bangkarr-bajurr

Compound with bangkarr 'body' (index 90): a person who is a nuisance.


bangkarr-bila

Compound with bangkarr 'body' (index 90): a person in a hurry.


bangkarr-buyan

Compound with bangkarr 'body' (index 90): sick.


bangkarr-jiba-badi

Compound: bangkarr 'body' + jiba 'liver/seat of emotion' + badi; describes a merciful person.


bangkarr-wumba

Compound with bangkarr 'body' (index 90): humble.


banjay

species of wild yam, small and round. They are roasted in the fire, ground up and eaten. Given to the child to make it talk.


banji

relationship term, brother-in-law or sister-in-law. This shows actual relationship, not tribal relationship, someone who marries your actual brother or sister.

Brother-in-law / sister-in-law; definition notes this is an actual (not tribal/classificatory) relationship.


baral

He was feeling for his torch in the dark


barbarr

Refers specifically to a young cassowary (age-marked term for the bird).


barbi

Adjective describing pallor, as from sickness.


barbi

Homonym/polysemy with barbi 'pale' (index 102); both senses share the notion of light complexion.


baril-baril

Reduplicated form (baril+baril); Moreton Bay fig tree.


barka

Queensland nut, ripe in July-October
yellow water snake

Definitions conflict: first lists 'Queensland nut'; gloss and translation give 'yellow water snake'. Classified by the headword gloss/translation (snake).


barka

Queensland nut (macadamia); classified under flora-tree as the plant/tree source of the nut.


barkamali

Place-name for a location near China Camp.


barrka-buyan

person with a bad leg or arm, lame, crippled.

Compound: barrka 'leg' + buyan; denotes a lame/crippled person via affected body part.


barrmal

Transitive verb: to take/escort a person somewhere (caused motion).


baru

The child is spoiled - always wanting to be held


bawaji

Intransitive verb: stay, remain, be left.


bawal

to leave something or some place
to quit something

Kuyungku kari bajaku baykan, ngayu badu bawanda

the fish wouldn't bite so I quit fishing

Transitive verb: to leave a place or quit something (departure).


baya

flame, fire
fire, "baya wayu", light a fire
firewood

Senses span flame, fire, and firewood; example 'baya wayu' = light a fire.


baybu

Already flagged loanword_attested=true: English loan 'pipe', a post-contact item.


bayilbayil

Reduplicated form (bayil+bayil); glossed 'mud shark' / 'peewee'.


bayil-bayil

Reduplicated form, typical of bird names in Kuku Yalanji.


bayin

premature child
very small child
child spirit

Senses include premature/very small child and child spirit.


bayjal

Transitive verb: ignore, not pay attention to.


baykal

Transitive verb 'bite'; homophonous with intransitive baykal 'ache' (indices 128-129).


baykal

Intransitive verb: ache, pain. Duplicate entry at index 129.


baykal

Intransitive verb: ache, pain. Duplicate of index 128.


bibikarrbaja

Place-name for Helenvale; 'warrkin' noted in the definition (possibly an alternative/associated name).


Bidin-damaja

place name - close to Ten Mile and upper reaches of the Daintree river

Place name near Ten Mile and the upper Daintree river.


bidubidu

Reduplicated form (bidu+bidu); 'bank bird'.


bidu-bidu

Reduplicated form, typical of bird names.


bijalabay

place name, a hill near China Camp with lots of five corner nuts

Primary sense: five corner nut (scrub plant); also used as a place name for a hill near China Camp.


bijalabay

Place-name for a location near China Camp.


bijarr

Noun 'dream'; cf. transitive verb bijjaril 'to dream' (index 139).


bijarri-l

Attested in Patz §3.8.2.2(i) and §3.8.3 (i); not in the source dictionary.

Trisyllabic -rri root historically based on the nominal root bijarr 'dream' but functions as an independent l-conjugation verb.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


bijjaril

Transitive verb 'to dream'; cf. noun bijarr 'dream' (index 138).


bikarrakal

species of tree and its fruit. The fruit must be cooked first.

Headword gloss/translation refer to a tree and its (cooked) fruit; one definition also notes a grub used for bait. Classified by the fruit/tree sense.


bikarrakul

Definition notes the fruit must be cooked before eating.


biki

Attested in Patz §2.3 (vii) as 'biki (or bikibiki) pig'; the base form biki is not in the source dictionary (only bikibiki).

Monosyllabic English root made disyllabic by adding a final vowel.


bikibiki

Reduplicated form (biki+biki); already flagged loanword_attested=true — English loan 'piggy/pig', a post-contact introduced animal.


biku-nyajil

Compound transitive verb: to study something. Second element nyajil is a 'see/look' verb.


bila

Glossed 'fast, rapid'; functions as a manner particle/adverb.


bilanji

Definition specifies a grass used to make dilly bags.


bilar

candle nut tree. The nuts are edible after roasting.

Definition notes the nuts are edible after roasting.


bilbil-bilbil

Reduplicated form (bilbil-bilbil), typical of small-animal names.


bilmbin

small shark which comes around mangroves and in the river

Definition: small shark frequenting mangroves and the river.


bilngkumu

Definition specifies salt water crocodile.


bimay

Glossed 'father's sister' / aunty; variant of bimakay.


binainyji

Attested in Patz §2.4 minimal pairs (binainyji 'fig-like fruit', contrasting with binanj-ji 'with a rudder'); not in the source dictionary.

Cited as the bare noun form in the phonemic minimal-pair discussion.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


binal

Glossed 'to know'; the base 'binal' underlies binal-bungal 'teach' and binalku 'remember'.


binal-bungal

Compound of binal 'know' + causative element bungal, lit. 'make know' = teach.


binanji

Species of fig bearing large edible fruit.


binda

Polysemous: 'shoulder' and 'fork in a tree or river'.


binda-babara

Glossed 'top of divide'; place name. Shares the 'binda-' element with other Daintree-area locations; appears as Binda-babaranga (locative) in example sentences in this batch.


Binda-babarra

place name - top of divide btween the Daintree and Bloomfield watersheds

Place name: top of the divide between the Daintree and Bloomfield watersheds.


binda-damal

run someone down, gossip
explain, describe

Senses range from 'run someone down, gossip' to 'explain, describe'.


Binda-dijarr

place name - Stoney crossing in the upper Daintree River

Place name: stony crossing in the upper Daintree River.


binda-dijarr

Describes a stony crossing (river crossing); a topographic feature.


binda-jalbu

Glossed 'upriver Daintree'; place name sharing the 'binda-' element with other Daintree-area locations in this batch.


binda-milmal

Glossed 'upriver Daintree'; place name. First element 'binda-' recurs in several Daintree-area place names in this batch (binda-jalbu, binda-babara).


bingabinga

Reduplicated form referring to old man/men.


bingaji

Adjective 'white or light colored'; homophonous with the noun bingaji 'white-haired person'.


bingaji

Noun 'white-haired man or woman'; homophonous with adjective bingaji 'light colored'.


bingkajiri

species of tree with long finger-like seed which people used to eat but don't anyore. A white man supposedly got blind from eating it.

Definition: tree with long finger-like seed formerly eaten; a white man reportedly went blind from eating it.


bingkajiri

species of with edible fruit with long finger-like seeds

Edible fruit described as having long finger-like seeds.


binjin

Attested in Patz §2.3 (i); not in the source dictionary.

Patz notes the source is uncertain: possibly English 'benzene' or German 'Benzin' (introduced by German missionaries).

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


binju

small black snake, light or reddish belly, poisonous

wrong marriage
poorly cooked
black snake

Polysemous across senses: 'wrongly married according to tribal law', 'poorly made or cooked', and a small poisonous black snake.


binjul-binjul

Reduplicated form, typical of bird names.


binjurrbinjurr

Reduplicated; definition specifies a honey eater bird.


binyu

the spirit of a dead person which becomes a shooting star, someone recently dead. If you see a shooting star you know someone has or will soon die, as the shootying star can come before or during death.

Beyond 'shooting star', the definition records the belief that it is the spirit of a recently dead person, presaging or accompanying death.


birbun

curse plate. The face of the wrong-doer is painted on a piece of wood with charcoal. It is hung up and as it is twirling, the curse takes effect on the wrong-doer.


biringal

Attested in Patz ex.(356) (biringal-da 'by a scorpion', ergative); citation form biringal not in the source dictionary.


birmba

straw-necked ibis, which is the totem of the walarr moiety

Straw-necked ibis; noted as the totem of the walarr moiety.


birrbirr

Reduplicated; covers parrot, parakeet, lorikeet.


birru

kind of bad spirit
a bad, savage person
derogatory term for a white man

Primary sense a kind of bad spirit; extended to a savage person and as a derogatory term for a white man.


birungubay

paddle, oar. Often contracted to biruwybay or birubay

Paddle/oar; definition notes contraction to biruwybay or birubay.


birungubaynja manil

Verb phrase 'to row', built on birungubay 'paddle' (instrumental -nja) plus manil.


biwul

name of seprate language used to speak to in-laws

'Mother in law'; the definition also notes a separate avoidance language used to speak to in-laws.


biwul

black snake (bigger than the red bellied)


biwur

He is sitting with his hands holding his legs


biwuy

Primary sense is the dugong/sea cow (a marine mammal); the second definition 'iron' is a distinct, likely homonymous sense.


biyal

gristle, sinew, string, blood vessel (especially wallaby tail sinew)

Refers to gristle, sinew and blood vessels (body tissue), with the wallaby tail sinew noted as a culturally salient referent (used as cordage/string).


biyangkal

yam, which must be first roasted, then ground, then leached for a couple huors in many changes of water before it can be safely eaten

A toxic yam requiring roasting, grinding and lengthy leaching in running water before it is safe to eat, as described in the definition.


biyin

Attested in Patz §2.3 (vii); not in the source dictionary.

Monosyllabic English root 'pin' made disyllabic by inserting a semivowel sequence (pin -> biyin).

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


biyul

nyungkal - turtle spear point
yalanji kurajan.

Nyungkal dialect form glossed as turtle spear point; the Yalanji equivalent is given as 'kurajan'.


buban

Denotes a small amount or short time; the translation 'broke' is an extended sense (having little).


bubanmal

Glossed as humble/unimportant; related to the quantifier 'buban' (small amount).


bubu

groud, earth
a person's country, where he belonds

Means ground/earth and, by extension, a person's country or the place to which they belong.


bubu jabul

Compound: bubu 'ground' + jabul 'taboo' (index 748).


bubu walu-yinda wawubajaburr

Multi-word phrase headword; contains 'bubu' (ground/country/place) and 'walu' (face/time).


bubu walu-yindu-walu-yindi

Entry is empty apart from the headword; first element 'bubu' is 'ground/country', suggesting a noun phrase, but no gloss or definition is supplied to classify it further.


bubu walu-yindu-walu-yindi

Phrase headed by bubu 'ground/land/country'; entry data is otherwise empty.


bubu yirmbal

Compound of bubu 'place/ground' + yirmbal 'taboo' = 'taboo place'.


budmandu

Attested in Patz ex.(392) (Yinya budmandu karrkay 'That port (suitcase) is small'); not in the source dictionary.


bujabay

species with edible fruit which must be leaved (in water)

Fruit must be leached in water before it is edible.


bujabuja

Reduplicated form (buja doubled); reduplication noted in entry.


bujarr-bujarr

Reduplicated form (bujarr doubled); reduplication noted in entry.


bujarr-bujarr

Reduplicated form, typical of bird names.


buji

Already flagged as a loanword (loanword_attested=true); plausibly English 'pussy(-cat)', a post-contact animal term per Patz §2.3.


bujil

bujil is the recurring base of the following bujil- compounds (379-385), a known root in the fear/emotion semantic field.


bujil-barin

Compound on the bujil- (fear/emotion) base.


bukul-bukul

Reduplicated form (bukul doubled); reduplication noted in entry.


bukunjarra

species of tree with edible fruit like soursop but smaller


bulawu

Already flagged as a loanword (loanword_attested=true); consistent with English 'flour', a post-contact food item showing epenthetic vowel breaking the English cluster per Patz §2.3.


bulban

Place-name for a location near China Camp.


bulbul

Reduplication noted in entry (bul- base doubled).


bulbul

Reduplicated form; 'pheasant cookoo' is the pheasant coucal.


bulbul

Reduplicated form (CVC-CVC); a species of plum tree.


bulin

Attested in Patz ex.(200) (bulin-ba yijarri-ka 'put on the plate', locative); citation form bulin not in the source dictionary.

Likely an English loan ('plate') though Patz does not list it among the confirmed loans in §2.3.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


bulnja

A separate dictionary entry for the identical headword bulnja is glossed 'frogmouth, mopoke' (Podargus, a nocturnal bird); this empty batch entry appears to be a duplicate of that noun.


bungun

Duplicate headword form of index 428 (bungun); both empty in source.


bunjulu

A separate dictionary entry for the identical headword bunjulu is glossed 'giant herring'; this empty batch entry appears to be a duplicate of that fish noun.


burridudal-dudal

'Corroboree singing'; the dudal-dudal element relates to the verb dudal 'clap/knock' (rhythm).


burrin-burrin

Reduplicated form (burrin-burrin); breadfruit.


buyandi-l

Attested in Patz §3.8.2.2(iv) and §3.8.3 (iv) (buyandi-l 'put in container (tr)'); not in the source dictionary.

Listed by Patz among the opaque trisyllabic l-conjugation roots.


buya-warri-y

to break wind, fart (literally 'fart-run')

Attested in Patz §3.8.5.2 (idiomatic verbal compounds) as buya-warri-y (fart(N)-run-y) 'to break wind'; not in the source dictionary.

Inseparable noun+verb compound formed with the verb root warri-y 'run'.


buyukal

English name unknown per the definition prose.


buyun-dama-l

to spoil or ruin something (literally 'bad-spear')

Attested in Patz §3.8.5.2 (idiomatic verbal compounds), listed adjective+verb 'buyun-dama-l (bad-spear-l) spoil'; further attested ex.(436), and causative use 'buyun-dama-ny' ex.(72).

Idiomatic compound of buyun 'bad' + the verb root dama-l 'to spear'; inseparable, reduplicates as a whole (buyun-dama-l-dama-l, §3.8.6).


dabadaba

Definition specifies larvae and eggs of any kind of bee.


dabal

boys from the time they are babies - ngawa - to older boys - warru

Definition frames a male age class spanning babies (ngawa) to older boys (warru).


dabu

small black bee which nests in trees, has a light sting

Polysemous: (1) a small black stingless bee; (2) the honey from this bee; (3) the name of one of the clan moieties (cf. dabuy, listed as totem of dabu and walarr moieties at index 504).


dabul

pierced nose and nose peg. The piecing is always done by a man's biwul, his mother in law. Biwulungku dabul bakan. "My mother in law pierced his nose"

place name - between upper Daintree River and Roaring Meg. The big rock here is a jarramali (thunder) and nose piecing story site.

Definition also records dabul as a place name between the upper Daintree River and Roaring Meg, a nose-piercing story site associated with jarramali (thunder).

Cultural note in prose: nose piercing is always performed by a man's biwul (mother-in-law). Example sentence: 'Biwulungku dabul bakan' — "My mother in law pierced his nose" (biwul + ergative -ngku).


dabulkurra

human shin bone, for conveying messages to someone. The hollow bone is also used to catch a person's shadow which is then closed up inside the bone. This is then used to put withcraft on the person. He may also put a person's urine or other belonging inside.

Gloss is the human shin bone; prose records its ceremonial/sorcery use for message-conveying and shadow-catching witchcraft.


dabuy

small brownish kingfisher, totem of both dabu and walarr moieties. When this bird starts singing yo know you will get company, that someone is travelling.

Polysemous: (1) a small brownish kingfisher, totem of both the dabu and walarr moieties, whose singing signals approaching company/travellers; (2) spirit.


dabway

black messenger bird, totem of both dabu and walarr moieties


dada

daddy (familiar/vocative term for father)

Attested in Patz Text 36, line 7: 'Ngamu, dada, walnga!' 'Mother, daddy, wake up!' (mother.ABS daddy.ABS).

Familiar address term for father, distinct from the formal kin term nganjan 'father'.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


dajalkira

Glossed 'brothers' but defined as 'brothers and sisters' (siblings).


dajay

Nyulu jalbu wulan, yinyayanka jana nyungu dajay warrmba-bunganka

The woman died, that's why they want to find her spirit


dajil

nyulu present ngayku dajin, "he gave me a present"

Example sentence: 'Nyulu present ngayku dajin' — "he gave me a present" (nyulu '3sg', ngayku '1sg dative'); dajin is the past-tense form.


dajiway

Glossed 'trade'; also translated 'share'.


dakal

Native verb 'climb' semantically extended to 'get into a truck or car'; not a loan.


dakaldakal

Reduplicated form; gloss 'trocus (trochus) shell'.


dakandil

push someone down, to do anything of this sort, if you lose your temper, to call attention to oneself if one feels he has been wronged in some way

Dingkarangka karrkay dakandin kuli-kadanymundu

The man dropped the child because he was angry

Reduplicated headword in form; tagged reduplication=false. Prose links the action to losing one's temper or drawing attention to a perceived wrong.


daki-daki

Reduplicated form. Glossed 'lazy or in the way'; despite the source type 'noun', the meaning is a property/quality, hence adjective.


dakil

Polysemous across body/plant/animal: 'arm, branch of a tree, wing'.


dakil-dakil

Reduplicated plural-like form of dakil (index 516), here specified as 'branches of a tree'.


dakilji

Prose notes 'pannikin, only rarely used now.'


dakumbar

Marked as nyungkul dialect in the definition.


dakumbar

Watergum; definition notes this is also a Nyungkul term.


dakwul-dakwul

brown and white scrub bird. The male has brown on the top of his head, a white strip past the eye. Tey clear an area, then many form a circle with on in the middle and the middle one will sing and dance.

Reduplicated form; brown-and-white scrub bird, with prose describing a communal circle display/dance.


dakwul-dakwul

Reduplicated form, typical of bird names.


dakwurr-dakwun

Reduplicated form (dakwurr-dakwun); 'hammer bird', totem of the walarr moiety.


dakwurr-dakwun

Reduplicated form (slight allomorphy: dakwurr-dakwun), typical of bird names.


dalbarril

ricochet, as a stone striking another stone and bouncing off or a person throwing a spear at a sea turtle and the spear glancing off the shell

to quickly scold someone and then quickly leave

Polysemous: 'strike by lightning'; 'ricochet/glance off' (e.g. a spear off a turtle shell); and to quickly scold someone then leave.


dalkay-manil

to blow up, as to blow up a balloon
to break in little pieces, as a bottle

Compound with causative -manil (cf. base dalkay 'hatch', index 528): 'to blow up (e.g. a balloon)' or 'to break into little pieces (e.g. a bottle)'.


dalkiji

Source type is 'noun' but gloss/definition 'to beat up' is a transitive action.


dalkil

No gloss or translations in source. Polysemous: 'to crack a nut or whip, or shoot a gun'; and 'to give a name or call a person by a name'.


dalku

archer fish (nyungkul dialect)
yalanji - mujarrka

Nyungkul dialect; the definition gives the yalanji equivalent as mujarrka.


dalku

Definition marks this as the Yalanji dialect form (yalanji).


dalmbal

Flathead; definition gives synonym dukul-barangka.


dalngan

well able to do something, courageous. (synonym - muna, burrkul-dandi)

'Well able to do something, courageous'; definition lists synonyms muna and burrkul-dandi.


dalngarri

Polysemous: 'flames which make light'; and 'urine'.


damal

Polysemous verb: 'to spear', 'to sew', 'to baptise', 'to wash' (the definition's 'to sea' is a typo for 'to sew' per the translations).


dama-murnil

Compound verb 'twirl a fire drill' (fire-making by friction).


damaway

Intransitive 'fight with spears'; cf. damal 'to spear' (index 536).


dambun

A spirit who kills people; cf. dambunji (index 542).


dambunji

a person who is possed with a spirit who kills, a murderer

Derived from dambun (index 541) with -ji: a person possessed by a killing spirit, a murderer.


damu

Two senses: 'chest' (body part) and 'hillside'.


damu naka

a person facing south, or the slope of a hill facing south

person facing south
slope of hill facing south

Compound on damu (cf. index 718): a person or hill-slope facing south.


danda

'chestnut horse'; the horse is a post-contact introduced animal but the entry is not flagged and the form shows no clear English phonological tells, so not flagged as a loan.


dandi

The meat is tough, I cooked it a short time


Dandi

Source type 'personal-pronoun' is incorrect; this is a place name (King's Plains). Capitalised headword, homophonous with dandi 'hard/strong' (index 546).


daray-manil

Causative/transitive derived from intransitive 'daray' (fall) via the -manil verbalizer: 'cause to fall' = drop.


dari

boxwood tree, grows mainly in high places


darra

A truck can't go that way, the road is too narrow

Truck yarra kari dungay baral darra bajaku


dawadawa

Reduplicated form, common pattern for bird names in Kuku Yalanji; cf. 'dawa-dawa' (magpie) at index 599.


dawa-dawa

Reduplicated form; cf. 'dawadawa' (magpie) at index 559.


daya

Definition notes this is the command (imperative) form of 'give'.


dibirrdibirr

Reduplicated form, a recurrent pattern for bird names in Kuku Yalanji.


dibirr-dibirr

Reduplicated form (dibirr-dibirr), likely onomatopoeic/iconic of the bird's call or appearance, a common pattern for Kuku Yalanji bird names.


diburr

Native word for 'seed/egg' semantically extended to introduced referents 'bullet' and 'tablets' on the basis of shape/size resemblance.


diburr-miyil

Compound: 'diburr' (seed/egg) + 'miyil' (eye), literally 'eye-seed' = eyeball.


diday-manil

{'english': 'Yabaju kari diday-mana ngaykundu. Ngayu babarr', 'translation': "Don't say bad something bad about my younger brother to me. I'm his older sister."}

Transitive with the -manil verbalizer; definition: 'say something bad about someone'. The gloss field contains a malformed example sentence rather than a gloss.


dijarr

species of freshwater fish, like the jungle perch - bayi - but not around here. Found at Rossville and Shipton's Flats

Definition references 'bayi' (jungle perch) as a comparison species, and locates the fish at Rossville and Shipton's Flats.


dijarr-dijin

Partial reduplication (dijarr-dijin), an iconic naming pattern typical of bird names.


Dikal wali-yindu-wai-yindu

Entry is empty apart from the headword; type, gloss, definitions, and translations are all null. Headword begins with 'Dikal' (bird), suggesting a bird-related expression or song line, but no content is present to classify confidently.


dikarr

magic to make people sick
Thompson Creek camp

Someone made mcdea sick with magic. The doctor took it out.

Bamangka nganya bambay-bungun, dikarrda. Doctorangka dikarr manin

Primary sense is 'magic to make people sick' (sorcery); the second sense 'Thompson Creek camp' is a place name homonym.


dikarra

Definition notes the war spear 'has a stingray barb'.


dikarr-warra

the people living originally at Thompson Creek.

The suffix -warra denotes a group of people; here 'the people living originally at Thompson Creek', built on the place/camp name dikarr.


dikurrbu

Explicitly glossed as a place name: 'zig-zag above Thomas Creek'.


dilbal

A type of tree ('hictory tree', i.e. hickory).


dili

corkwood pine; the tree from whicch witchetty comes

Corkwood pine; definition notes it is 'the tree from which witchetty comes'.


dilngku-baja

No definition supplied; occurs amid a run of Daintree/Bloomfield-area place names, so most plausibly a place name (a noun).


dilngku-baja

Middle camp (place name) also rock in river. (story site)

Place name: 'Middle camp', also a rock in the river and a story site. Listed type 'personal-pronoun' is inconsistent with the gloss; this is a noun/place name.


dimulji

one who talks to the spirits of the dead


dimur-dimur

spirit. After a man is murdered by a dambunji, the dimur-dimur sucks the blood of the man who was killed to make him alive again.

Reduplicated form. A blood-sucking spirit that revives a man murdered by a dambunji; cultural detail given in the prose.


dimurraji

a person who is able to summon up the dead


dingkil-dingkil

Reduplicated form. Definition explicitly states 'bell (english loan word)'.


dingkul

'Part, part full, part way' — a partitive quantifier sense.


dirka

cream of tartar
fur
finecut tobacco
powder

Senses cluster around a fine/powdery substance (cream of tartar, fur, finecut tobacco, powder).


dirka

'Fine, finely ground'; homonym of dirka 'powder' (index 674).


dirka-dirka

Reduplicated form; 'smooth, as rock surface'.


dirra-baka

a person who swears a lot, uses a lot of foul language

Compound of dirra 'tooth'; a person who swears a lot / uses foul language.


dirramajaji

to grind one's teeth, to gnash one's teeth

Intransitive verb 'to grind/gnash one's teeth'; built on dirra 'tooth'.


dirrmbay

seagull which gives warning of an approaching storm

music struck as a warning that a big corroboree is about to start

message to a dead person to not make it a long night. This is done on the night the corpse is in the house

storm-warning seagull
corroboree announcement music
tolling
ringing the bell

Primary sense is a storm-warning seagull; extended to warning/announcement music for corroboree and a message to the dead. Bird is the core referent.


diwalngku

English name unknown; glossed only as a migratory bird.


diwan

Definition specifies scrub turkey (Australian brush-turkey), not the domestic/American turkey.


dubal

bark coffin or container for dead who were then placed in a cave

Definitions give 'coolamon' and 'bark coffin/container for the dead placed in a cave'; an artefact/container.


dubar kalbay

The Daintree side of Rocky Point (place name)

Explicitly a place name: 'The Daintree side of Rocky Point'; built on dubar 'flat place'.


dubu

generic term for spirit
the spirit of a dead person


dubu-mirrkirr

Place-name; definition reads 'skill in rocks' (likely 'skull in rocks').


dubu-mirrkirr

stone skull along path on top of the zig-zag (story site)

A story site: stone skull along the path on top of the zig-zag; compound with dubu 'spirit'.


duburan

directional sign, one placed in position, (not a motion), as a heap of stones or grass twisted to point the way

ring of soft materials to put on women's for carrying things

A placed directional sign (heap of stones / twisted grass) and a carrying-ring/wreath of soft material; both are made objects.


dudu

The knife is blunt, you should sharpen it


dujandujan

Reduplicated form; 'locust, large cicada found in mountains'.


dukal

kind of fruit (fig) that is edible after roasting


duku

The mother ate cassoway so the child is hunchback now

Ngamungku minya kurranji nukan karrkay muku-dukuda


dukul

head
bow of boat
boss, from English
head on a tape recorder

Core sense 'head'; extended to bow of a boat, tape-recorder head, and 'boss, from English'. The 'boss' sense is a native head→leader extension, not a loanword.


dukul bajibay

'Skull'; compound built on dukul 'head'.


dukul-dukul

broad-leafed bush that can be used as cover for a dirt oven, kurrma.

Reduplicated form; broad-leafed bush used as cover for a dirt oven (kurrma).


dukul-kulnkul

sorrow
to feel sleepy as if with a heavy head

Two glosses: 'sorrow' (emotion) and a bodily-mental state 'to feel sleepy as if with a heavy head'.


dukul-warri-y

to throw a tantrum (literally 'head-run')

Attested in Patz §3.8.5.2 (idiomatic verbal compounds), body-part+verb list: 'dukul-warri-y (head-run-y) throw a tantrum'.

Idiomatic compound of dukul 'head' + the verb root warri-y 'run'; inseparable.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


dukurr

Two senses: spatial 'inside' and metaphorical 'mind'.


dukurr buyin

Compound: dukurr 'inside/mind' (cf. index 708) + buyin; lit. of impaired mind.


dulmbi

umbrella palm
name of a place at Stucky's Gap

Umbrella palm; also a place name at Stucky's Gap.


dumbarriji

Intransitive inchoative 'broke'; -ji intransitivizer on the stem seen in transitive dumbarril (index 715).


dumbarril

He broke the cassette because he was angry

Transitive 'break, tear, rip'; pairs with intransitive dumbarriji 'broke' (index 716).


dumbul

any hard covering such as bark of a tree, crust of bread, shell of turtle

General term for any hard outer covering: bark, bread crust, turtle shell.


dungay

go. This is contracted to duway in fast speech.

Definition notes contraction to duway in fast speech.


dungkunji

bad spirit who in form of a crocodile, covered with crocodile skin


dunju

Soda bicarb; homophonous with dunju 'coarse, rough' (index 726).


dunju

'Coarse, rough'; homophonous with dunju 'soda bicarb' (index 725).


dunju-dunju

having lots of knobs, spikes, thorns, etc

Reduplication of dunju 'coarse' (index 726); having lots of knobs, spikes, thorns.


duray

Sea turtles dig holes and cover them again without eggs; they trick people

Ngawiyangka bubu bakal, diburr kariku nandal baja; jana duraymal bamanka


durral

species of tree and its edible fruit
spears made from this wood

Tree species with edible fruit; wood also used for spears.


durrbal

a greedy person who has eaten all the food


durrubu dungay

Compound with dungay 'go' (index 721): to walk on tiptoe.


duwar

Black palm; the wood also used to make spears.


gilaja

Attested in Patz §2.3(iv),(viii) as a phonologically adapted English loanword; the variant gilaji 'glass' is also recorded in §2.3(viii)(a).

Loan from English 'glass': the consonant cluster /gl/ is broken up by an epenthetic vowel (§2.3(iv)) and the final consonant adapted by adding a vowel (§2.3(viii)).


jaba

Broad sense: stick, sapling, post, walking stick, horn.


jaba-jaba

adult
ready or big enough for eating, big

Reduplication of jaba (index 740); 'adult', also 'ripe/mature/big enough to eat'.


jabalbina

home of the ancestors
Maytown language for storm

'Home of the ancestors'; definition notes it is the Maytown-language word for 'storm'.


jabani

Definition explicitly states 'Japanese (english loan word)'.


jabarrangkul

blank ant. Also their nest in rotten logs.


jabil

Transitive 'kick'; homophonous with jabil 'scrub lizard' (index 747).


jabil

'Scrub lizard'; homophonous with jabil 'kick' (index 746).


jabul

'Taboo'; cf. compound bubu jabul 'taboo ground' (index 749).


jabulbina

thunder out west, the start of all storms

Definition links thunder to the western direction as the origin of all storms.


jadalangka

'Leg of a beast' — body part of an animal.


jadal-jadal

missed, as missed hearing it
not strong enough

I'm not strong enough, can't carry the load

Ngayu jadal-jadal, load can't jara-kulbal

Reduplicated form; glossed 'missed' in the sense of failing to hear/perceive, also 'not strong enough'.


jadi

sand goanna. Only old people are allowed to eat it.

Definition notes a food taboo: only old people are permitted to eat the sand goanna.


jajikal

name of lower (bottom) camp in Ayton where there are lots of pandanus trees

Also used as the name of the lower (bottom) camp at Ayton where pandanus grows abundantly; primary sense is the pandanus/screw palm tree.


jajirril

to stand something up
bail up, put up an animal


jakal

Glossed 'full'; though tagged noun, the gloss/definition denote a property (a state of being full).


jakal

Homonym of jakal 'full'; primary sense here 'mouse', with extended sense 'door, front'.


jakalba

Spatial relation: ahead, in front of, before.


jakalbaku

Temporal: 'at the first, in the beginning'; built on jakalba 'ahead/before'.


jakalbamunku

'First-born, first one'; relates to birth order. Contains -munku (cf. jakalmunku 'first').


jakalmunku

'First'; ordinal sense. Shares -munku with jakalbamunku 'first-born'.


jakay-jakay

Reduplicated form on jakay 'neck'; glossed 'angry'.


jakay-jakayku

Reduplicated adverb on jakay 'neck'; glossed 'headlong'.


jakway

'Door, front'; cf. jakal sense 'door, front'.


jala-jala

Reduplicated form; 'loose, loosely put together'.


jalamal

jump, hop, skip
get out of a truck, car, boat or plane


jalan

edible sea creature with a shell like a porcupine with prickles which lives on the rocks by the sea. (you fry the meat)

Edible spiny sea creature living on coastal rocks; the meat is fried.


jalban-baka

Describes a disposition: 'always wanting to be high up - climbing trees'.


jalbil

greenish black lizard about 12 inches long

some mythological person/animal who split Snapper Island away from the main-land. Story of dakwurrdakwun cooking marra-bujabay in kurrma

Primary sense a greenish-black lizard ~12 inches long; also a mythological being who split Snapper Island from the mainland, linked to the dakwurrdakwun story.


jalkaraburr

High reaches of the mountains; related to jalkar 'high bank'.


jalkar-jalkar

Reduplicated form on jalkar 'high bank'; glossed 'steep'.


jalngka

'Itchy feeling'; homonym of jalngka 'smooth'; cf. jalngkay 'itch', jalngkaji 'itchy'.


jalngka-bungal

take the rough off a piece of wood with a tool or a piece of glass

Compound with jalngka 'smooth' + -bungal; smoothing wood with a tool or glass, or levelling a place.


jalngkaji

'Itchy'; cf. jalngka 'itchy feeling', jalngkay 'itch'.


jalngkal

to remove a hard or tough covering, e.g. a coconut

Remove a hard/tough covering, e.g. husking a coconut.


jalngkay

'Itch'; cf. jalngka 'itchy feeling', jalngkaji 'itchy'.


jalngkun

The axe is very dull; sharpen it with a file

Axe dudu bajaku; jalngkun-bunga filemundu.


jalnji

species of poison nut tree, not edible for humans. Gum from this tree is not poisonous, used for making spears.

Poison nut tree, inedible for humans; its non-poisonous gum is used to make spears.


Jalunji

Jalunji (Jalanji) is the named coastal dialect/group of Kuku Yalanji; the definition 'people belonging to the seaside' marks this as a seaside dialect-group name.


jamal

The white/albumen of an egg, an edible part.


jambul-jambul

Reduplication of jambul 'two' yields 'four', a doubling pattern typical of the numeral system.


jambun

Definition gives Mareeba dialect equivalent of mujurr 'grub'.


jamu

Refers to a cork from a bottle, a post-contact manufactured item, but the word itself shows no English phonological tells.


janay

The children are standing in front of the school

Jana kaykay-kaykay janjanay jakalba school

they went and went in the truck, then stopped by the creek

Jana truckmundu warrin warrin, warrin, jana yilkinga.


janay-manil

Transitive/causative derived from janay 'stand/stop' with the -manil causative suffix: 'cause to stop, prevent'.


janbal

Polysemous: 'blue quondong' (a tree) and 'blue spotted fantail ray' (a fish).


janbangaji

to keep something that is not your own, but you don't steal it, just find it somewhere

Inchoative sense 'become stuck' with extended meaning of keeping a found object.


janbangal

to glue or stick something, using pitch or glue (yalanji only)

Definition restricts this form to the yalanji dialect.


janbay-manil

Causative derived from janbay 'stick to' with the -manil suffix: 'make something stick'.


jandu

a food made from flour cooked in water, which is thick, not soupy

A thick food made from flour cooked in water; flour is a post-contact introduced ingredient but the word shows no English phonological tells.


jangka

tree (this term is very rarely used for money)

Gloss/translation give 'tree (rarely used for money)' while the definition reads 'stone'; entry left as-is, classified by the 'stone' definition.


jangkal-jangkal

Reduplicated form 'bristling, ready to fight'.


jangkarra

Names a location along the upper reaches of the Daintree River.


jangkuy

Onomatopoeic word for the sound of chewing ('num num num').


jani

Adjective describing food as well cooked/done.


janjarriji-y

Attested in Patz §4.2.4.4: 'Janjarri-l "laugh about, ridicule" and janjarriji-y "laugh at in a friendly way" can probably also be included in this list [of fixed intransitive stems].'

Patz explicitly regards such -ji-y forms as 'fixed' intransitive stems with meaning shifted from the transitive base, not as productive antipassives; hence dictionary-worthy as its own lexeme.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


janjarri-l

to investigate, snoop on; to laugh about, ridicule someone

Attested in Patz §3.8.3.2(ii) glossed 'investigate' and §4.2.4.4 glossed 'laugh about, ridicule'; further attested in reduplicated form janjarri-l-janjarri-nya 'snoop' (ex. at §4.x).

A reinterpreted root ending in -rri (§3.8.3.2(ii)); l-conjugation transitive verb.


janjarr-janjarr

Reduplicated form 'nuisance, cheeky, trouble maker'.


janji-manil

Causative 'give someone a bath', derived from the janji- root (cf. janjil 'wash/bathe') with the -manil suffix.


janyiman

Also recorded with the spelling 'janiman' (e.g. ergative janiman-angka, Patz ex.(462)).

Attested in Patz ex.(643) 'Waybala janyiman ... Chinese ...' and ex.(458)/(510)/(459) (also spelled janiman, e.g. ergative janiman-angka).

Borrowing referring to Chinese people, frequent in Palmer River goldrush narratives; likely from English 'Chinaman'.


Jarba wali-yindu-wali-yindu

A type of snake; the modifier wali-yindu is reduplicated within the compound.


Jarba wali-yindu-wali-yindu

Empty entry: no gloss, definitions or translations supplied; classification is uncertain. Capitalised initial Jarba suggests a name. POS inferred tentatively as noun.


jarmbil

wash away
drift, as things the drift by the tide

Glossed as noun but the senses 'wash away' and 'drift (as things drift by the tide)' describe water-borne motion.


jarra

Glossed as noun but senses 'more, farther' are quantifier/comparative in function.


jarrabi

Glossed 'junction to Gold Hill'; place name.


jarrabi

upper reaches of Daintree River Junction to Gold Hill

Glossed 'tree'; the definition prose instead gives a riverine locality (upper Daintree River, Junction to Gold Hill), suggesting an associated place reference.


jarra-jarra

Reduplicated form of jarra ('more, farther'); senses 'high' and 'full grown/mature'.


jarra-kulbal

Glossed as noun but the definition 'to lift or carry' is verbal.


jarra-kulbal

Compound with kulbal ('pull, lift') meaning 'carry'.


jarramali

thunder, thunderstorm, thunderheads
praying mantis
small species of stingray

thunder
thunderstorm
thunderheads
praying mantis
small species of stingray

Primary sense thunder/thunderstorm/thunderheads; the same term also covers praying mantis and a small stingray species.


jarramali bajaku

someone who is angry and yelling at people, who loses his temper

Compound built on jarramali ('thunder') plus intensifier bajaku, describing a hot-tempered, angry person.


jarra-maliyan

above Thompson Creek Camp (place name) (story site)

Place name (story site) above Thompson Creek Camp.


jarrangkal

Refers to both the fig tree and its fruit.


jarrawaki

skin colour, a little lighter than usual but not light enough to be half-case

Has two senses: a shelled sea creature, and a skin-colour term (olive/tanned, lighter than usual but not light enough to be 'half-caste'); classified by the colour sense.


jarrbar

Describes lying flat on one's stomach, prone.


jarri

'to delay, stay away' — intransitive verb of (non-)movement.


jarrjal

message stick used to carry bad news, usually a stick about 4 inches long, with notches (If a person receives a sensation on the forehead, it is an indication of bad news)

Message stick (~4 inches, notched) used to carry bad news; cultural note that a forehead sensation indicates bad news.


jarrkal

an item, quartz, marble, bone - which is pulled out of a person's body by the witch doctor when sick

An object (quartz, marble, bone) extracted from a sick person's body by the witch doctor; healing/magic item.


jarruka

Glossed scrub hen / jungle fowl (the orange-footed scrubfowl).


jarruka

scrub hen, also used to refer to the eggs and/or nest of scrub hen

Scrub hen; the term also covers its eggs and nest.


jawarr-baka

someone who is always arguing or complaining

Built on jawarr ('argument/complaint'); describes a habitually argumentative/complaining person.


jawarr-wunay

Built on jawarr ('argument/complaint') plus wunay; 'to complain'.


jaway

'generous, liberal' — character/quality adjective.


jawurraji

Large ant bed / ant hill — associated with ants.


jayarr-jayarr

Reduplicated form; 'pleasant, nice to talk to'.


jayjin

name for policeman (sergeant) (english loan word)


jibabadi-y

Attested in Patz ex.(231) (bunjil jibabadi-y 'the widow[er] is sad') and ex.(559) (bayan-kari jibabadi-y 'the homeless one is sad'); not in the source dictionary.

Y-conjugation intransitive verb (citation = non-past per §3.8.3); lexicalised compound jiba 'stomach/liver' + badi 'cry'.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


jibabu-nyajil

Definition 'realize something bad'; transitive verb of acknowledgement/recognition. Contains jiba ('insides') and nyajil ('see').


jibabu nyajil

Compound with jiba 'liver/seat of feeling' (instrumental jibabu) plus nyajil 'perceive', lit. roughly 'perceive with the liver/heart'.


jibabu nyajil

Same compound jibabu nyajil (lit. 'perceive with the liver/heart') here sense 'to obey'.


jiba-janay

turn around from stomach to back when lying down

Built on jiba ('stomach/insides'); turning from stomach to back while lying down, i.e. rolling over.


jiba-jurrkiji

Built on jiba ('insides'); 'repent, to go a different way morally'.


jiba-ngulkurmal

Built on jiba ('insides', seat of emotion); 'glad'.


jibarr

Locational: south and inland from the coast, south-west; hinterland direction.


jiba-warri

Built on jiba ('insides'); 'become startled'.


jiba-wulawula

Attested in Patz §3.8.5.1(i), table 'Compound + bunga-l' (jiba-wulawula 'sweet' / jiba-wulawula-bunga-l 'sweeten'); not in the source dictionary.

Lexicalised compound of jiba 'stomach/liver' + wulawula.


jiba-wulay

feel really good and satisfied, as after a good meal

Built on jiba ('insides'); 'sweet (as sugarcane)' and the extended sense of feeling satisfied/satiated after a good meal.


jiba-yararri

He's frightened because people are fighting

Built on jiba ('insides'); 'frightened'.


jibi-badi

Built on jib(a) ('liver/insides', the seat of emotion); 'to feel sorrow, grief, pity'.


jibul

place name - cave between Kangkaji and Kaway (story site). Also called Kurrbi.

Primary sense a large bat species; also a place name (cave between Kangkaji and Kaway, a story site, alternatively called Kurrbi).


jidu

species of wild fruit in scrub, a bushy plant, with long leaves, ripe in March. These leaves are also used to line a dirt oven (kurrma)

Definition notes the leaves are also used to line a dirt oven (kurrma) — cultural/practical use stated in prose.


jija

Specifically denotes one's son's children (grandchild through the male line), per the definition.


jijamali

Place-name for the coconut grove across from the mill.


jijamali

name of old house across the river from the mill, now burned down

Named locality: an old house across the river from the mill, now burned down.


jiji

Extended to 'the top of anything' beyond the literal roof of a house.


jijiniliji

place name. First ground upriver from the mouth of the Bloomfield River (south side)

Place name: first ground upriver from the mouth of the Bloomfield River (south side).


jika

any food if, when cooked, is not hard but squishy (like sweet potatoes, or pumpkin)

Describes cooked food that is soft/squishy rather than hard (e.g. sweet potato, pumpkin).


jika-birra

Compound; -birra (cf. jila-burra, jilba-burra) appears as a recurring formative in this batch.


jikaji

Intransitive counterpart of transitive jikal 'stretch'; describes stretching as on awakening from sleep.


jikal

They straighten the spear out in the fire


jila

Single headword spanning 'beeswax', 'smell' and 'sweat'; cf. derivatives jila-burra 'bad smell' and jila-warri 'sweat'.


jila-burra

Compound of jila 'smell' + -burra (recurring formative).


jilanji

Denotes both the edible fig and the tree.


jilba-burra

Compound of jilba 'walk' + -burra (recurring formative).


jilba-dunga-y

Attested in Patz ex.(379), ex.(446), ex.(495), ex.(564), ex.(617), and Text 12 line 1; glossed 'walk-go'.

Inseparable compound of jilba 'walk' + the verb root dunga-y 'go'; citation form ends -y per the dunga-y (y-conjugation) head verb (cf. Patz §3.8.3). The candidate also surfaces uninflected as 'jilba dunga' in ex.(86).

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


jilnganji

near Spit Island, at the confluence of the Bloomfield River and Thompson Creek (place name)

Place name: near Spit Island, at the confluence of the Bloomfield River and Thompson Creek.


jilngarr

Headband made from seashells, per the definition.


jilu

Describes an animal that is a little fat (gloss 'lean').


jilu-jilu

That person's skin is really shiny, he rubbed on a lot of oil

Nyulu bama jilu-jilu bajaku, oil jarray julngkan

Reduplication of jilu; denotes a glossy surface.


jimal

Fire stick; cf. jimal damal 'to make fire with a fire stick' and jimalili (the lizard that taught its use).


jimal damal

The old man made a fire with a fire stick to cook food

Verbal compound with jimal 'fire stick'; means to make fire with a fire stick.


jimalili

mountain lizard. This lizard taught people how to use the firestick.

Mythological/cultural note in prose: this lizard taught people how to use the firestick (cf. jimal).


Jinabaji

Attested in Patz §4.1.1(a), listed as a proper noun among personal names: 'Mandu, Jinabaji, Mabel (personal names)'.


jinabiju

Definition identifies the chicken hawk as a goshawk.


jinabu dungay

Compound expression with jina 'foot'; means to go by foot, to walk.


jinajina

water gum tree; this tree is good timber for woomeras (yalanji dialect)

Reduplicated form; prose notes timber is good for woomeras and assigns the form to the yalanji dialect.


jina-jina

Reduplicated form (jina-jina); watergum, marked as yalanji dialect.


jindal

Spear with three prongs; homophonous with jindal 'to bite' (index 937).


jindal

to bite and leave a puncture mark, as a snake bite or some dog bites.

Homophonous with jindal 'spear' (index 936); describes biting that leaves a puncture mark, as a snake or some dog bites.


jindi

Single headword glossing both 'fish scale' and 'dish'.


jingajalka

species of tree, also its edible fruit, which is small and elongated and plum-like with a large seed. The tree has bark out of which baskets can be made. It peels off easily then is put into the fire for a minute to soften, then it is bent and the ends tied to form a basket. It is used to cook with - hot stones can also be put in the water in it - and it was used to carry bones of the dead.

Prose details extensive cultural use: bark peeled and softened in fire to form baskets used for cooking (with hot stones) and to carry bones of the dead.


jingka-jingka

/ˈɟiŋɡa-ɟiŋɡa/

Reduplicated form (jingka doubled); reduplication noted in entry. No gloss available to determine meaning.


Jingka-Jingka

/ˈɟiŋɡa-ɟiŋɡa/

upper reaches of Roaring Meg River (place name)

Reduplicated place name: upper reaches of Roaring Meg River. Capitalised, distinct from jingka-jingka 'silverfish' (index 940).


jingka-jingka

/ˈɟiŋɡa-ɟiŋɡa/

honey ant, the abdomen enlarges after eating

Reduplicated form glossing silverfish and honey ant (abdomen enlarges after eating). Distinct from capitalised place name Jingka-Jingka (index 939).


jinil

Barb of a spear — a component of the weapon.


jinjay

poison nut tree. The nut is edible after roasting. The smoke is poisonous when roasting the nut. The bark and sap are poisonous, but water from cooked wattle tree bark will cure the poisoned skin.

Poison nut tree; prose notes the nut is edible after roasting, the roasting smoke and the bark/sap are poisonous, and water from cooked wattle bark cures the poisoned skin.


Jinjurri

Place name: Billygoat Creek. Cf. reduplicated jinjurri-jinjurri 'spotted' (index 945).


jinjurri-jinjurri

Reduplicated form meaning 'spotted, as an animal'.


jinkalmu

Definition notes no distinction is made between brown snake and taipan.


jinkalmu

taipan, brown snake. (These are not distinguished) Young boys were made to eat the eyes of a jinkalmu in order to make them kuliji, fierce, good fighters.

Covers both taipan and brown snake (not distinguished); prose notes young boys ate its eyes to become kuliji 'fierce, good fighters'.


jinkarr

body of a dead person when it is carried in the dubal (bark coffin)

Body of a dead person as carried in the dubal (bark coffin) — a mortuary/burial term.


jinkurr

Younger sister; explicitly noted as a relationship term.


jirabay

ground lizard, larger than the blue-tongue lizard


jiral-jiral

Reduplicated form (jiral-jiral), an iconic bird-naming pattern.


jiral-jiral

Reduplicated form; gloss 'nightbird'. Despite type 'adjective' in source, the gloss denotes a bird referent.


jirayma-l

Attested in Patz §3.8.3.2(ii) and §3.8.3.1, glossed 'long for, crave' (cf. Djabugay jiran 'thirst, hunger').

A trisyllabic root with final -ma possibly historically the inchoative suffix, but now a fossilised, non-decomposable intransitive root (§3.8.3.2(ii)); l-conjugation.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


jiri bajaku

Compound containing jiri 'sky' (entry 953) plus bajaku, denoting a cloudless sky / fine day.


jirimandi

Definition notes it denotes both the coconut tree and its fruit.


jiri-warra

Contains jiri 'sky' (entry 953); glossed 'the sky-mob', i.e. angels / sky-dwelling beings.


jiri-wuran

upper reaches of the Bloomfield River (place name)

Place name: upper reaches of the Bloomfield River. Contains jiri 'sky/up' (entry 953).


jirka

Gloss 'spring' read as a water source (spring of water) rather than the season, consistent with surrounding water/land vocabulary.


jirra

burnt, as food. Sometimes also the crust of bread.

Refers to burnt food and also the crust of bread per the definition prose.


jirra-bungal

Contains jirra 'burnt' (entry 960) plus causative -bungal; 'to overcook / burn the food'.


jirra-kangal

to taste, to upset someone, to stir him up

to taste
to start a fire
to start a motor
to upset someone
to stir him up

Polysemous: 'to taste', 'to start a fire/motor', and 'to upset/stir someone up'. Contains jirra (cf. entry 960) plus -kangal.


jirramar

Defined as chips / small sticks used to start a fire (kindling).


jirrbu-jirrbu

All of them went for good, the place is uninhabited now

Jana wubulku dunganyarrkuda, bubu jirrbu-jirrbuda

Reduplicated form glossed 'lonely, uninhabited, sad'.


jirrburr

meat with no fat, an animal in poor condition. (This kind of animal will not be eaten)

Describes lean meat / an animal in poor condition; definition notes such an animal will not be eaten.


jirril

Definition gives 'pubic hair on both man and woman', though the gloss/translation list 'small fish'; the definition prose indicates a body-part referent.


jirrkalinku

Adverb glossed 'through' (e.g. through a gate).


jirrku

the way you feel if someone talks bad about you

Describes the feeling of being hurt when someone speaks badly of you.


jirrkumal

complain, to chase, to cause to go away, as when a person or people are angry and make someone go away either by his running away or actually chasing him

Definition covers complaining and chasing/driving someone away (causing to go away), e.g. when people are angry.


jiwal-jiwal

Reduplicated form; white-tailed kingfisher.


jiway

messenger night bird which carries the message. When you go somewhere, after you get there, you send a message back home by throwing fire.

Messenger night bird; definition describes the cultural practice of sending a message home by throwing fire after arriving somewhere.


Jiwaymba

below Stony Crossing in Daintree River (place name)

Place name: below Stony Crossing on the Daintree River.


jiwurrmal

cuckoo pheasant (also called bulbululul)

Cuckoo pheasant; definition notes an alternate name bulbululul.


Jiwurru

somewhere up high between Romeo and Rossville (place name)

Place name: high ground between Romeo and Rossville.


jiyuy

He said "It's good", but (it was a trick), it isn't good

Nyulu yalaman, "Yinya ngulkurr", juyuy, yinya kari ngulkarr.


juburr

experienced, expert, clever at something


judi

barramundi (yalanji) (nyungkul - murrabal)

Yalanji dialect form; nyungkul equivalent is murrabal.


jujabala

ironwood tree. The bark is burned to control thunderstorms, as is kangka, kanunjul and nganjirr

Ironwood tree; definition notes the bark is burned to control thunderstorms, as with kangka, kanunjul and nganjirr.


juju-juju dungay

Reduplicated juju (cf. entry 984 'buttocks/bum') plus dungay; glossed 'back up, to sit down'.


juka

Polysemous: native sense 'back of ankle/heel' (body part) and a separate sense 'sugar', the latter an attested English loan (loanword_attested=true).


jukar-jukarbina

Reduplicated form built on jukar 'sand' (entry 987); sand whiting.


jukar-jukarbina

Reduplicated form jukar-jukar plus -bina; sand whiting.


jukar-warra

Whirlwind; contains jukar 'sand' (entry 987) plus -warra.


juki

Attested in Patz §2.3 (vii) as a loanword adapted by adding a final vowel to an English root ending in a stop.

Loanword from English colloquial 'chook' (hen). Cf. reduplicated jukijuki 'chicken(s)'.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


jukijuki

English "chook" (chicken/hen), via the adapted disyllabic loan juki; jukijuki is its full reduplication

Definition explicitly marks this as an English loanword for 'chicken'.


juku

tree, wood of any size from tree down to splinter

Covers tree and wood of any size, from tree down to splinter.


juku-juku

Reduplicated form (juku-juku), an iconic bird-naming pattern.


jukujuku

bronzewing dove. If the jukujuku sings out alone the people know that a stranger is coming or that someone may have died.


julaji

Definition marks this as the yalanji dialect form.


julaji

Definition marks this as the Yalanji dialect form (yalanji); freshwater catfish.


julay

Place-name for Daintree, the site of an old bama (Aboriginal) camp.


julay

Aboriginal camp location along Daintree River


julay-warra

Definition names a people-group; the suffix -warra is a Yalanji nominal plural/group marker ('the Daintree people').


julba-julba

Reduplicated form; glossed as a lizard 'from dreamtime', placing it in the mythical/Dreaming domain rather than as an ordinary reptile.


julbal

Tree species bearing a small edible green apple.


julbal

species of tree and its fruit, a small edible green apple which becomes ripe in the wet season

Entry covers both the tree and its edible fruit (a small green apple ripening in the wet season).


julbarr-warri

to slip (in fast speech, this is contracted to julbarrin)

Derived from julbarr 'slippery' (1104) plus the -warri verbaliser; definition notes fast-speech contraction to julbarrin.


julbi

guts, abdominal contents, lining of abdomen


julbi-dandi

showoff, skiter, stubborn person, one who insists on doing what he wants

Compound built on julbi 'guts/abdomen' (1106); describes a personal disposition (showoff/stubborn).


julbin

species of scrub zemia. Edible when ground and leaved with water

Species of scrub zamia; definition notes it is edible only after grinding and leaching with water.


julkun

a belt of bark and hair wound around during mourning

A belt of bark and hair worn during mourning; the gloss 'bark' refers to its material, but the referent is a worn mourning item.


julkurr

Definition explicitly marks it as a place name (where Haachs used to live).


julmbanu

grey kangaroo, a darker variety than mayarriji


julngkal

Gloss 'to rub or paint on' and the definition field 'transitive-verb' indicate this is a transitive verb despite the type field reading 'noun'.


julnji

Tree-resin/tar used as adhesive in making spears; functions as a manufacturing material.


julul

Kind of oyster, described as larger than juwarru.


julurriji

Intransitive/reflexive 'wash oneself'; -ji is the reflexive suffix, paired with transitive julurril (1119).


julurril

Transitive 'wash something'; paired with the reflexive/intransitive julurriji (1120).


julurr-julurr

Reduplicated form (julurr-julurr); definition identifies the moomoo bird as an owl.


julurr-julurr

Reduplicated bird name (night owl/night hawk).


juma-juma

Reduplication of juma 'presently/later on' (1122).


jumul-jumul

The grass seeds that get stuck in clothes, which come during the wet season

Reduplicated form for grass seeds that lodge in clothing during the wet season.


junbirr

small lizard. Common in leaves and grass before and durin wet season, with reddish markings on head

Small lizard common in leaves/grass around the wet season, with reddish head markings.


junda

wild plum which is poisonous and must be leached before eating


jundul

species of tree, bid round leaves, smooth bark

Species of tree with big round leaves and smooth bark.


jungkalu

Billycan, a post-contact metal cooking/water vessel.


jungu-jungu

Reduplicated form; white ant eggs, a gathered food item.


jungur

the big hill at the east side of the mouth of the Bloomfield River. Collins Hill (place name)

Definition explicitly marks it as a place name: the big hill at the east of the Bloomfield River mouth (Collins Hill).


junjun

species of wild fruit, ripe in March - May. During the junjun season, the scrub turkey, which normally lives in the high country, will come down to feed on them

Species of wild fruit ripening March-May; definition notes scrub turkeys descend from high country to feed during junjun season.


junjuy

Glossed 'something, usually of no value'.


junjuy-junjuy

Reduplication of junjuy (1140), glossed 'things'.


junkay

He is going straight/he is going right, honestly, not sinning


junkurr-janay

bristling, ready to fight
stand strongly, overcome

bristling
ready to fight
stand strongly
overcome

Compound of junkurr 'strength' (1145) and janay 'stand'; literally 'stand strongly', extended to 'bristling, ready to fight, overcome'.


junkurrji

Derived from junkurr 'strength' (1145) with -ji suffix; glossed 'strong'.


junkurr-murubuku

Adverbial compound built on junkurr 'strength' (1145).


jurbuji

Agentive noun 'a dancing woman', formed on jurbu 'woman's dance' (index 1152).


juril-juril

Reduplicated form (juril-juril), an iconic bird-naming pattern.


juril-juril

Reduplicated form; cf. the verb juril 'eject' (index 1154).


jurril-bungal

to trick someone by lying by word or action

Compound of jurril 'lie' (index 1159) plus the verbalising element -bungal 'make/do'.


jurrkiji

Intransitive/reflexive counterpart of jurrkil 'turn something' (index 1163); extended sense 'repent'.


jurrngaji

Intransitive counterpart of jurrngal 'push down' (index 1165).


jurru

Definition gives both 'corner' and 'elbow'.


juru-bawal

Compound with juru 'moving along' (index 1171).


juru-kija

coconut grove where Biddle's Mission used to be (across from mill)

Place name: coconut grove at the former Biddle's Mission site, across from the mill.


juru-kulbal

to lead. Can also be used in the sense of leading astray


jurungu janbay-janbaji

keep up (with him), stuck (with him) in the sense of moving along.

Phrasal entry built on jurungu 'next one behind' (index 1176).


jurungu-kija

area across the river from Middle Camp (place name)

Place name: area across the river from Middle Camp.


jurungurr

Definition notes it was a spoon made in old times.


jururr-jururr

Bulimanangka nyungun jururr-jururr kunin


juwa

We are ready to go walkabout, you are taking too long a time

Nganjin ready jilba dunganka, yundu juwaku bundanday


juwal

Definition gives both 'yam' and 'digging stick'.


juwarru

mud oyster. It is like a barnacle, only it clings to rock and mangroves. Smaller and flatter that julul.


juway

nephew, niece. If you are a man, your sister's children are your wuway. if you are a woman, your brother's children are you juway

Definition states: a woman's brother's children are her juway (reciprocal of wuway for a man's sister's children).


juwul

Definition marks this as nyungkul dialect.


juyuy

An interjection used to dismiss something as nonsense or not worth heeding: 'that's nonsense, take no notice of it'.

Attested in Patz §4.10 (Interjections), glossed 'that's nonsense, take no notice of it'.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


kababina

flora and fauna belonging to the rain forest area

Definition links it to flora/fauna of the rain forest area.


kaba-kada

Glossed as equivalent to kulngurbu (index 285).


kaba-kada

Place name for Bailey's Creek; also known as kulngku.


kabal

Leichardt tree and its fruit. The fruit is edible, it is small and round with small seeds. If you have a sore joint, boil the bark in water, rub the cooled water on the sore joint.

Leichhardt tree; fruit edible; bark boiled in water and the cooled water rubbed on sore joints.


kabi

Tributary Creek flowing into Thompson Creek

Place name: tributary creek flowing into Thompson Creek.


kabu

Adjective describing rotten/spoiled state and bad smell.


Kabu

Place name for King's Plains swamp, as stated in the definition.


kabuljaka

striped water snake, known as the zebra snake


kadabal

Nyulu dakil kadaban (Straight over from the English idiom)

Glossed 'broken'; extended figuratively to 'without money'.


kada-kada

Place-name for Bailey's Creek. Reduplicated form.


kadanji

black cockatoo (totem of the Dabu moiety) (Yalanji)

Black cockatoo, totem of the Dabu moiety; yalanji dialect form.


kadil

sharp sound or crashing sound, as of an axe cutting wood, or a tree falling

Onomatopoeic noun for a sharp/crashing sound (axe on wood, falling tree).


kaduy

snail, the small one around here at night


kajamar

two things in one, as twins joined together, as in the darka nut or kajamarkay which has two nuts in one shell

If a woman eats the joined bananas, she will get two children (twins)

Kaki jalbungku kajamar binana nukal, nyulu kangkal jambul manil


kajimarra

food which is ground up to make flour, i.e.e marra. Rolled in junjun leaves and left in water for several weeks, then ground and roasted


kajinbur

Definition states 'english loan word'; passionfruit is a post-contact referent.


kajul

species of mangrove. A lo9ng thin fruit which must be soaked in water to make it edible.

A mangrove species; long thin fruit edible after soaking.


kaka

bad tasting food, as sour milk or too strong curry

sore
achey
bad tasting food
salt water
ocean water


kakaji

species of mangrove with a short thin fruit which becomes edible by leaching out the poison

A mangrove species; short thin fruit made edible by leaching out poison.


kakan

the green upper part of the black palm tree from which the dilly bag is made

Definition is the green upper part of the black palm used to make dilly bags; gloss 'mangrove' does not match the prose.


kakarr

also used as year, i.e. kararr jambul "two years"

Primary sense 'grass'; extended to 'blanket to lie on (not to cover you)' and used as a counting unit for years (e.g. kararr jambul 'two years').


kala-balal

Try out the log (to see if it will hold you)

'Try something to see if it will be okay'; kala- preverb construction.


kala-jalamal

'Jump over'; kala- preverb construction.


kala-kalbay

Reduplicated locational from kalbay 'long'; 'far away, very long ways away'.


kalal-kalal

Place-name for Harry Dick's place. Reduplicated form.


kalal-kalal

Reduplication of kalal 'vine', denoting a mass/profusion of vines.


Kalal-kalal

for the lower end of Kangkaji Harry Dick's place (place name)

Place name for the lower end of Kangkaji (Harry Dick's place); homophonous with reduplicated kalal-kalal 'mass of vines'.


kalbal

the mixture made from green ant larvae/pupae and eggs eaten for chest sickness and the common cold.


kalbali

Nominalised 'tall man'; cf. adjective kalbali 'tall'.


kalbariji

If you eat the finger cherry, you'll get blind when you get to be an old woman

Yundu kalbariji nukal, yundu wulbumanmal, yundu miyil-burramalda


kalbarr

They're going together (because they're intereted in each other)

Adjective 'together because of mutual interest'; homophone of kalbarr 'dead body'.


kalbarr-kajal

'Hug, embrace'; compound with kajal 'tie'.


kalbu

English name given only as a species of crow.


kali

Discharge/mucus from the eye (bodily substance).


kalin-kalin

Reduplicated form (kalin-kalin), an iconic bird-naming pattern.


kalin-kalin

kestral hawk, totem of dabu moiety. He taught the people to do the corroboreee.

Kestrel hawk, totem of the Dabu moiety; in myth taught the people the corroboree. Reduplicated form.


kaliway

lower end of Emogin (story site, big footprint)

Lower end of Emogin; story site with a big footprint.


Kaliway

near Cape Tribulation (place name) (story site, big footprint)

Place name near Cape Tribulation; the prose notes it is a story site associated with a big footprint.


kalka

fishing spear, also generic term for spear

Specifically a fishing spear, but also the generic term for spear per the definition.


kalkajaka

Place-name for the Black Mountains, including the caves there.


Kalkajaka

caves near Black mountains, also Black Mountains

Refers to caves near Black Mountain(s) and the Black Mountains themselves.


kalkamal

a locust in the mountains which tells when to collect turkey eggs

A mountain locust serving as a seasonal indicator for when to collect turkey eggs; the second sense extends to the egg-collecting season/event.


kalkandiji

stuck, welded or glued together. Also the name for sticky plaster.

You hang on to (your) work, don't pull out

yundu workmunbu kalkandijika, kari kulbajika

Describes the state of being stuck/welded/glued; also applied as the name for sticky plaster per the prose.


kalkarrumbarr

species of lizard 8-10 feet long which plays a part in one of the legends

A large lizard (8-10 feet long) figuring in one of the legends.


kalki

'Green/unripe' here in the sense of undeveloped/unripe produce, a maturity/quality property rather than colour.


kalkil

salty water, as in the sea or in a tidal river


kalkuri

Woolly butt, a Melaleuca (paperbark) gum tree.


kalnga

mothers brother (relationship term)
great grandson (relationship term)

Mother's brother (uncle); also reciprocally great grandson per the relationship-term sense.


kalngar

the trouble that comes to a village or home because of a person, man or woman, who is always committing adultery and so disrupting normal home life

Denotes an adulterer and, by extension, the social trouble/turmoil such a person brings to a home or village.


kalngar-baka

a person who is continually making trouble because of his or licentiousness

Morphologically kalngar ('adulterer/scandal') plus -baka; denotes a habitual troublemaker/reprobate.


kalngkan-damal

upper reaches of Thompson Creek (place name)

Upper reaches of Thompson Creek; first element is kalngkan ('small mullet').


kama

Nominal 'vomit'; cf. kaljil (1252) 'to vomit'.


kamba

old woman. Now sometimes called wulbuman, which is an English loan word

'Old woman'; the prose notes the now-current term wulbuman is an English loanword (from 'old woman').


kambal

'Low level, within reach' - a spatial/positional term.


kambal-kambal

Reduplicated form glossed 'mud'; cf. kambal 'low level'.


kambanmu

cross-cousin (relationship term) (Children of my mother's brother or of my father's sister)

Cross-cousin: children of one's mother's brother or father's sister, per the prose.


kambar

Primary sense 'white clay'; also extended to 'wet season'.


kambarr

The liquid that drips from a corpse (cadaveric fluid).


kambi

Primary sense 'flying fox'; semantically extended to 'clothing' (flying-fox skin), a native extension not a loan.


kami

grandfather (relationship term) (father's father)

grandmother (relationship term) (mother's mother)

Grandparent term covering father's father (grandfather) and mother's mother (grandmother).


kaminjarr

Grandchild, specifically a daughter's child.


kamu-kamu

Reduplicated form for strong drink, usually beer; a post-contact referent rendered with a native reduplicated form.


kana-baykal

Compound with kana ('inside') glossed 'angry', i.e. an inner emotional state.


kanbal

'Some of, the rest of' - a quantificational/partitive term.


kandarr

The child finished eating, then the mother burped him

Nyulu karrkaymayi kunban ngamungku kandarrda dakay-manin


kandarr-warri-y

Attested in Patz §3.8.5.2 as a compound verb, glossed (burp(N)-run-y) 'to burp'.

Idiomatic compound of the noun kandarr 'burp' and the verb root warri-y 'run', a frequent compounding root.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


kanga-dajil

To take someone's place/job (succession/substitution).


kangka

wild grape, used for stomach disorders. Also used for the control of thunder storms, as is nganjirr and jujabala and kanunjul.

Wild grape used medicinally for stomach disorders and, per the prose, for controlling thunderstorms (as also nganjirr, jujabala and kanunjul).


Kangkaji

First bay south of Bloomfield River along coast


kangkiji

Place-name; definition cross-references the 'jalundurr list'.


kangkul kulbal

Compound of kangkul ('cheek') + kulbal ('pull') meaning 'slap someone's cheek'.


kanjal

Glossed 'mate, one who is with you so you will not be alone'; refers to a companion/person.


kankar

Defined as the sound of a clap; an onomatopoeic/sound noun.


kanunjul

resin of grass tree, used to make pitch to seal spear bindings. Also used in the control of thunder storms, as is nganjirr and jujabala and kangka. Kanunjul is also used to smoke the inside of a house after the owner dies.

Resin of grass tree, used as pitch to seal spear bindings; prose notes ritual use in thunderstorm control (alongside nganjirr, jujabala, kangka) and for smoking a house after the owner's death.


kanyaji

freshwater catfish (nyungkul) (yalanji - julaji) Sometimes called walarrji, "with whiskers"

Freshwater catfish; nyungkul dialect form, yalanji dialect uses julaji. Sometimes called walarrji, 'with whiskers'.


kanyaji

Definition marks this as the Nyungkul dialect form (nyungkul); freshwater catfish, cf. yalanji julaji (entry 1582).


kanyil

curse song. It is sung by one person against another who has seriously wronged him, i.e. stolen his wife. These songs are greatly feared, and act as a deterrent against wrongdoing.


karangal

That man sneaked around to see if there was any meat


kararr

A blanket, sheet, or grass bedding spread out to lie on.

Attested in Patz ex.(153), ex.(416), ex.(563) and §2.1.1 (minimal pairs), glossed 'grass, blanket to lie on / sheet, blanket'.

Not in the source dictionary; near_headwords are unrelated kara-/Karu- forms.


kari

in discourse, on the paragraph level used to indicate a change of focus

I didn't get any meat, the fish didn't bite at all

Ngayu minya kari manin, kuyungku kari bajaku baykan

Negative particle 'no, not'; also functions as conjunction 'but/however' and, at paragraph level in discourse, marks a change of focus.


karida

Negative temporal particle 'not now'; based on negator kari.


kariku

Negative temporal particle 'not yet'; based on negator kari.


karikuda

Emphatic negative 'definitely not'; based on negator kari.


kariyirrku

Negative particle 'not enough, not quite'; based on negator kari.


karranda

English name unknown per the definition prose.


karrandal

species of tree with leaves which are white underneath and when crushed are good for boils

Tree species with leaves white underneath; crushed leaves used as a remedy for boils.


karrkay

Adjective 'small'; cf. homophonous noun karrkay 'small child' (index 1328).


karrkay

'Small one, child, young one'; nominal use of adjective karrkay 'small' (index 1327).


karrkil

red jumper ant. Some people have gotten sick and comited after being bitten by them.

Red jumper ant; prose notes some people have become sick and vomited after being bitten.


karrmbil

Definition specifies blue mountain parakeet (rainbow lorikeet).


karrngka

a hole in something, as in a board or a dress, or a crack in a house


Karrulbu

Place name: Roaring Meg Falls area; a story site.


karu-kumbo

Place-name for the top end of Watermelon Creek.


Karu-kumbu

headwaters of Granite Creek, the Bloomfield side of Romeo (place name)

Place name: headwaters of Granite Creek, the Bloomfield side of Romeo.


kawal

A shout, cooee (a long carrying call), used when not far away.


kawal badi

'Howl'; compound of kawal 'shout/cooee' plus badi (cry).


kawar

Honey bread of bees (bee-produced food).


Kaway

Place name: the second bay south of the Bloomfield River on the coast.


kawku

expression of delight on the arrival of a visitor (spoken with rising intonation on the second syllable)


kawunjil

species of tree and its fruit, a small edible black cherry, very sweet. Ripe in wet season.

Tree species and its fruit, a small sweet edible black cherry; ripens in the wet season.


kaya-kaya

Reduplication of kaya 'dog' marking plurality ('dogs').


kayamuku

Definition states the term is literally 'the back of a dog' (cf. kaya 'dog'), a descriptive compound applied to the European felt hat.


kayiji

My clothes got hooked on a barbed wire fence

The girl was charmed/fascinated by the man

Intransitive counterpart of transitive kayil 'hook/charm'; the -ji here is the intransitivising verb suffix.


kayil

to hook with a hook spear
to charm, fascinate


kaykay-kaykay

children (contraction of karrkay-karrkay)

Reduplicated form glossed as 'children'; definition notes it is a contraction of karrkay-karrkay.


kidal

sweep, remove, wipe
clean an animal - to remove the insides


kija

moon
Roaring Meg Falls (site of moon story)

Second sense names Roaring Meg Falls as the site of the moon story (place associated with kija).


kijandaku

Place name: Roaring Meg Falls, where kija 'moon' is said to have created women.

Attested in Patz §1.2.1.8, given as kijandaku 'Roaring Meg Falls'.

Associated with the creation myth in which kija 'moon' created women at this site; contains kija 'moon'.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


kijar-kijar

/ˈɡiɟaɻ-ɡiɟaɻ/

discoloured skin where skin is a little lighter in colour in places, usually from untreated ringworm

Reduplicated form; second sense links the discoloured skin to untreated ringworm (cf. kirrbay).


kiji-kijiyal

Reduplicated transitive verb meaning 'tickle'.


kilaja

Definition states this is an English loanword from 'glass'; loanword already attested in the prose (initial l-/epenthesis adapting English 'glass').


kilki

alert, on guard (for yourself), keep an eye on someone, watch out

alert
on guard
keep an eye on someone
watch out

That man is angry at you. Watch out (for him)

Nyulu bama yununku kuliji. Yundu kilkiku bunday.


kima-kima

easy crossing of water, water isn't rushing as during a floor

Reduplication of kima 'soft'; semantically specialised to describe calm, non-flooding water that is easy to cross.


kinga-dungay

kind of a shocked feeling, get goose pimples, hair stands up

shocked feeling
goose pimples
hair stands up


kinga-dungay-manil

to sneeer at, mock, make someone feel ashamed


kingal

river oak, she oak. Type of pine along beach.


kingkin-kingkin

amusing, cute, said of a baby when admiring him

Reduplicated adjective used to admire a baby ('amusing, cute').


kinkay

Definition marks this as the yalanji dialect form for 'play'.


kira-kira

Reduplicated form glossed 'black ant'; homophonous with reduplication of kira 'baby girl' but distinct meaning.


kiraynjaku

Adverb 'secretly'; appears derived from kiray 'slow, quiet'.


kiriji

Intransitive counterpart of transitive kiril 'forbid'; -ji intransitivising suffix.


kiru

grease, marrow, drippings from animal fat

brains
grease
marrow
drippings from animal fat


kiru-kari

Appears to contain kiru 'brains' plus -kari (privative 'without'), i.e. 'brainless > dull, stupid'.


kubananji

'Married man'; appears related to kuban 'wife'.


Kubi

below the Roaring Meg Falls (place name)

Definition explicitly marks this as a place name (below the Roaring Meg Falls).


kubirr-kubirr

black and red seeds which are threaded to make a wankarr (necklace)

Reduplicated form. Definition notes the seeds are threaded to make a wankarr (necklace).


kuda

question word (nyungkal) (yalanji - yala)

Interrogative/question word. Dialect variants given: nyungkal form kuda; yalanji form yala.


kudamundu kulbal

Compound of kudamundu ('behind') + kulbal ('pull').


kuja

species of small stingless bee, and its honey. The nests are found in the ground.

Refers to both the bee species and its honey; nests are found in the ground.


kuji-kuji

Reduplicated form (kuji-kuji); a species of bloodwood.


kuku-baka

chatterbox, someone who is continually talking

chatterbox
someone who is continually talking

Compound of kuku ('talk, language') + baka.


Kuku-Bidiji

dialect of the people of the ground around Maytown

Named dialect: the speech of the people around Maytown. Formed with kuku ('talk').


Kuku-Buyunji

used by speakers to refer to a dialect not their own

Term used by speakers for a dialect not their own; formed with kuku ('talk').


Kuku-Jalunji

dialect of the coastal people, which includes the Bloomfield area

Named dialect: the coastal people, including the Bloomfield area. Formed with kuku ('talk').


kukujida

said of a child who has just learned to talk. Literally

Said of a child who has just learned to talk; built on kuku ('talk').


kuku jurrkiji baj

Idiom built on kuku ('talk') meaning to change one's mind.


kukuni

the big spear used for spearing turtle, used as a harpoon

The big spear used for spearing turtle, used as a harpoon.


kuku nyajil

{'english': 'The doctor man knows that woman will die'}

Compound with kuku 'word/language/speech' plus nyajil 'perceive'; gloss and translation are an example sentence, not a lexical gloss.


Kuku-Nyungkul

the talk of the people originally around Rossville and Shipton's Flats.

Named dialect: people originally around Rossville and Shipton's Flats. Formed with kuku ('talk').


kuku wambal

Compound with 'kuku' (word/speech/language) plus 'wambal'; 'explain, tell the news'.


Kuku Waybul

Means 'English' (the language); formed with kuku ('talk') + waybul ('white person').


Kuku-Yalanji

literally "talk of this place", now used to refer to the dialect and people of the China Camp-Daintree area. (also the generic name for all the dialects and people from Cooktown to Mossman)

kuku-yalanji
China Camp-Daintree speak
China Camp-Daintree dialect

Literally 'talk of this place'; the dialect/people of the China Camp-Daintree area, and the generic name for all dialects and people from Cooktown to Mossman. Formed with kuku ('talk') + yala ('this').


kuku yaral

You go straighten him out / tell him straight

Compound of kuku ('talk') + yaral ('straight').


kulal

a mother who loses a child through death

bereft
vilomah
orphaned mother
miscarriage


kulbar

white beech, silky maple, yellow maple timbers

Covers white beech, silky maple and yellow maple timbers.


kulbawurr

the resin gum of the cypress pine which is poisonous. It was used on spears in the old days, the effect lasts about two hours.

Poisonous resin gum of the cypress pine, used on spears; effect lasts about two hours.


kuli-baka

a person who is always fighting, always angry

Compound with kuli ('anger') describing a person always fighting and angry.


kuli-kangal

Compound with kuli ('anger') meaning to tease, mock, make angry.


kuljan

sound made from drumming water. (This is done by percussion, the half-closed hand striking water.)

Sound made by percussion, the half-closed hand striking water.


kulji

pebbles, small stones
coins, money. This is going out of use.

Primary sense pebbles/small stones; secondary sense 'coins, money' is going out of use.


kulki

Place-name for Tribulation (Cape Tribulation).


kulmba-kulmba

Reduplicated form; gecko / small house lizard.


kulngku

Bailey's Creek; variant of kulngurk (index 291).


Kulngku

Place name: Bailey's Creek; also called Kaba-kada.


Kulngurbu

the coconut grove near the mouth of the Creek at Ngamujin Beach (place name)

Place name: the coconut grove near the mouth of the Creek at Ngamujin Beach, per the definition prose.


kulngurk

Bailey's Creek; cf. variant kulngku (index 292).


kulu

Refers to a short broken-off pipe; classified as an artefact (smoking implement).


kulun

He didn't give any food because of selfishness


kulurrin

Post-contact European tool (handsaw); native term applied to an introduced implement.


kumarkaji

Place-name for a location near China Camp.


Kumarkaji

Place name near China Camp; associated with the story of the Amazon women, per the prose.


kumin

species of fig tree with edible fruit. The fruit looks like an eyeball, it is ripe in August - October.

Species of fig tree with edible fruit said to resemble an eyeball, ripening August-October, per the prose.


kumurbina

Definition marks this as the Nyungkul dialect form for black cockatoo.


kumurbina

black cockatoo (nyungkul) (yalanji - kadanji)

Dialect note in prose: nyungkul form kumurbina; yalanji/kadanji equivalent given as kadanji.


kumurr

The autumn time of the year when so many flowers are in bloom.

Autumn, described as the time of year when many flowers are in bloom, per the prose.


kumuy

fluorescence under water (salt water), as behind a boat in the water at night

Bioluminescence/fluorescence in salt water, e.g. behind a boat at night, per the prose.


kuna-bungal

to join something to something, i.e. to tie something to something else.

Morphologically kuna ('to be joined', index 1467) + the transitivising verb -bungal, yielding a causative 'to join/tie something to something'.


kunbay-manil

Transitive 'to finish something', formed on the kunbay- root (cf. kunbayn 'finish', index 1471) with the verbaliser -manil.


kunbayn

Today is break-up day; school's finished now

Nyiku break-up day, kunbayn yundu school


kunbu

a big day, celebration, as a dance, race meeting or corraborree

A big day/celebration such as a dance, race meeting or corroboree, per the prose.


kundur-kundur

Reduplicated form (kundur-kundur), a common pattern for faunal names.


kungkarr

north along the coastl also used to refer to Cooktown

Directional 'north along the coast'; also used to refer to Cooktown, per the prose.


kungkun

carpet snake, North Queensland python (no distinction)

Definition notes carpet snake and the North Queensland python are not distinguished by this term.


kungkurr

pop-eyed, eyes open wide, eyes bulging out.

pop-eyed
eyes open wide
eyes bulging out


kuniway

Intransitive reciprocal 'to fight with fists or sticks, hitting each other', per the prose.


kunjarri

species of palm tree. The bark can be used to make containers for cooking. The inside of the upper trunk of small ones is edible.

Species of palm; bark used to make cooking containers and the inner upper trunk of small ones is edible, per the prose.


kunji-damaji

Verbal form built on kunji 'sneeze' (index 1484) plus -damaji, deriving the intransitive 'to sneeze'.


kunjirr

cleansed from a dead person's spirit. To make a person's things unusable again after death, they must be warmed or smoked - passed through smoke or waving smoking bark all around and inside it

Ritually cleansed of a dead person's spirit; a deceased's belongings are made usable again by warming/smoking them, per the prose.


kunkun

periwinkle, flat shellfish with a smooth shell

Reduplicated form (kunkun); periwinkle, a flat shellfish with a smooth shell, per the prose.


Kunkunbuku

mountain and river flowing from mountain. This mountain is where the wild dogs stay. (wild dog legend, Shiption's Flat-Jubilee area)

Place name (mountain and river) in the Shipton's Flat-Jubilee area; said to be where the wild dogs stay, tied to the wild dog legend, per the prose.


kunkun-bungal

Transitive 'to stare', formed with the verbaliser -bungal (cf. kunkun).


kunukunu

Reduplicated form (kunukunu); refers to fat in food or fatty meat, per the prose.


Kunyurrimba

a sharp corner in the upper reaches of Daintree River (place name)

Place name: a sharp corner in the upper reaches of the Daintree River.


kurajan

turtle spear point (yalanji) (nyungkul - biyul)

Turtle spear point; dialect note in prose: yalanji kurajan, nyungkul biyul.


kuralbi

species of tree and its fruit - wild peasun. The bark from this tree was used to make rope. Two long strands were twisted together and used for turtle rope. It was very strong.

Species of tree ('wild peasun') and its fruit; its bark was twisted into very strong turtle rope, per the prose.


kuran

larva of case moth, edible. Found in green wood.

Larva of the case moth, edible, found in green wood, per the prose.


kuraykuray

Reduplicated form (CVCCVC reduplication of kuray).


kurmba

a woman who has very recently given birth to a baby


kurmba-kurmba

the mythological person who was the husband of ngalba-bulal, the two sisters of Mt. Peter Botte. He was the husband of babarr, the older sister, but wanted the younger one.

Reduplicated form. Definition also names a mythological person, husband of ngalba-bulal (the two sisters of Mt. Peter Botte) and of babarr the older sister.


kurndal

My legs sank down in the mud, can't pull them up again

Ngarri kurndan kambalkambalba. Can't kulbaji baja.


kurrajan

a spear point made from wattle and used for turtle spearing. it was put in the fire until it was hard enough to pierce through a turtle shell.

Spear point made from wattle, fire-hardened, used for turtle spearing to pierce a turtle shell.


Kurraybaja

Named locality: coconut grove across the river from the mill.


kurrbal

'Native companion' is the Australian common name for the brolga.


kurrbar-buyun

a person having no friends, poor, no one to help

desolate isolated forlorn lonely marginalized

Compound with buyun (bad/no-good); describes a person with no friends, poor, no one to help.


kurrbi

Place to the south; story site of the wind.


Kurrbi

cave between Kaway and Kangkaji (story site)

Story site: cave between Kaway and Kangkaji.


kurri-kurri

Reduplicated form (kurri-kurri), an iconic bird-naming pattern.


kurri-kurri

storm bird
giant mythical bird
very tall person

Reduplicated form. Polysemous: storm bird, giant mythical bird, and (metaphorically) a very tall person.


kurrka-juri

Refers specifically to a fight between two men over a woman.


kurrkal-warri

Compound of kurrkal (shortcut) with -warri 'go/travel'.


kurrka-nyaji-ji

to look back, turn and look behind oneself

Attested in Patz Appendix Text 3, line 19 (kurrka-nyaji-ji-ny 'looked back'); not in the source dictionary.

Lexicalised reflexive compound kurrka 'back' + nyaji 'see' + reflexive/general-intransitive -ji.

Added from the reference grammar (Patz); not present in the original community dictionary.


kurrmil

Generic 'part of something / a part'; no concrete domain fits.


kurrubijal

Morning star (the planet Venus as morning star).


kurrujuwa

sentry bird which warns of crocodiles along the banks of the river. Totem of both the dabu and walarr


kurrul

wrinkles, as on forehead or on a newborn baby's side


kuru

woman's affection/love/lust to a man
grub found in dry grass tree

Polysemous: woman's affection/love/lust toward a man; also a grub found in dry grass tree.


kuru-baka

Compound of kuru (affection/love) with baka; a woman who is always falling in love.


kurubarr

species of mangrove with a long round seed

Species of mangrove with a long round seed.


kurunkal

Species of mangrove with a long round seed (cf. kurubarr, same gloss).


kuwa

Cardinal/locational term: north and inland from the coast, north-west.


kuwimbur yirrkay

Verbal collocation: kuwimbur (whistle) + yirrkay (sound/make a sound).


kuwinyu

Definition notes it is not a rude term for the posterior/buttocks.


kuya-bungal

Compound of kuya 'fun' (entry 1551) + verbalizer -bungal, lit. 'make fun'.


kuyaji

funny person, thing, or happening, joker

Derived from kuya 'fun' (entry 1551) with nominalizing/agentive suffix -ji.


kuyan

Definition specifies a war spear tipped with a quartz head.


kuyu wali-yindu-wali-yindu

Entry has no gloss or definition; headed by kuyu 'fish' (entry 1558) with a reduplicated wali-yindu modifier, so most plausibly a nominal expression.


landin

Landing (place name: confluence of Thompson Creek and Bloomfield River with a landing ramp)

Flagged loanword_attested=true; no definition supplied. Word-initial l- (atypical for native Yalanji vocabulary per Patz §2.3) is consistent with the attested loan status.